Ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of environmental air monitoring. The purpose is to provide a high-precision, simple-structured and low-cost continuous automatic monitoring system for environmental air dust reduction and a control method thereof. The present invention includes a dust collection device, a dust transfer device, a fallen leaf cleaning device, a dust detection device and a data acquisition and transmission device. The funnel-type cylinder bottom outlet of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder in the dust collection device is connected to the two-way valve in the dust transfer device; the dust transfer device also includes a purge unit, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a wet dust cylinder. The two-way valve, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected in sequence in the vertical direction, and the outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the dust detection device; the fallen leaf cleaning device includes a funnel lifting unit; the dust detection device includes a filter membrane; the data acquisition and transmission device is used to collect and transmit data measured by the dust detection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ambient air monitoring, and in particular to an ambient air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The "Measurement of Dust Settling in Ambient Air by Gravimetric Method" (GB / T 15265-94) defines atmospheric dust settling as particles that naturally settle in the dust collecting cylinder by gravity under air environment conditions. These particles have a wide range of sources and complex components, and their particle sizes are mostly above 10μm. However, particles below 10μm in the ambient air can also settle. In addition, when it rains or snows, particles can also fall to the surface through scouring to form dust settling.

[0003] Although the impact of dust on human health is far less than that of inhalable particulate matter (PM 10 ) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), but citizens are very troubled by the current situation that windowsills, desktops, cars and other surfaces are often covered with dust, which is particularly evident in northern cities.

[0004] The unit of dust fall is tons / month / square kilometer. The monitoring period of dust fall is 1 month, and the monitoring period of other ambient air pollutants is 1 day or 1 hour. The seriously delayed dust fall monitoring results cannot guide the prevention and control of dust fall pollution. my country urgently needs to carry out research on continuous automatic monitoring technology for ambient air dust fall. In addition, my country uses ethylene glycol solution to collect dust fall. Leaves fall into the dust collection tank and are immersed in ethylene glycol solution, which will seriously affect the dust fall monitoring results. Removing leaves in time can ensure accurate monitoring results.

[0005] my country has carried out some work on dust fall sampling and measurement, but has failed to come up with a solution for continuous automatic monitoring of dust fall and leaf removal.

[0006] For example, Chinese invention patent CN106442016A discloses an all-weather large-sample automatic dust collector, which realizes full-automatic large-sample collection through a dust hopper and multiple dust collection bottles, but fails to automatically monitor dust.

[0007] Chinese invention patent CN104062453A discloses an online continuous automatic multi-parameter monitor for atmospheric dry and wet deposition. Two sets of sampling buckets are used to collect dry and wet deposition respectively, and the dry deposition collection bucket is rinsed with deionized water. The monitor can monitor the pH value, conductivity, ions and other parameters of the dust precipitation aqueous solution sample, but cannot monitor the dust precipitation amount.

[0008] In summary, there is an urgent need for an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system that can eliminate the influence of leaves and obtain real-time data on dust fall, so as to realize a revolution in dust fall monitoring technology. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system with high precision, simple structure and low cost and a control method thereof.

[0010] The present invention provides a technical solution, an ambient air dust continuous automatic monitoring system, comprising a dust collection device, a dust transfer device, a fallen leaf cleaning device, a dust detection device and a data acquisition and transmission device.

[0011] The dust collection device comprises a wide-mouth dust collection cylinder and a rain and snow sensor, wherein the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a funnel-shaped cylinder bottom, and the outlet of the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom is connected to a two-way valve in the dust transfer device;

[0012] The dust removal and transfer device also includes a purge unit, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a wet dust removal cylinder, wherein the purge unit is used to purge the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, the two-way valve, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected in sequence in a vertical direction, the horizontal outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the wet dust removal cylinder, and the outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the dust detection device;

[0013] The fallen leaf cleaning device comprises a funnel lifting unit, which is used to lift the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder;

[0014] The dust fall detection device comprises a filter membrane, and the filter membrane is used to receive dust fall;

[0015] The data acquisition and transmission device is used to acquire and transmit the data measured by the dust fall detection device.

[0016] The present invention provides an automatic and continuous monitoring system for dust reduction in ambient air, wherein the fallen leaf cleaning device further comprises a conical filter screen, which is installed inside the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder and covers the top of the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom, and the conical filter screen can move together with the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom.

[0017] The present invention provides an environmental air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the dust reduction transfer device further comprises a first air filter, the first air filter is provided with an air inlet, and the first air filter is connected to the horizontal inlet of the second three-way valve through a pipeline.

[0018] The present invention discloses an environmental air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the purge unit comprises a lifting bracket, a pan head, a rotating bracket, a sealing cover and a nozzle, the nozzle is mounted on the sealing cover, the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket, and the rotating bracket is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket.

[0019] The invention discloses an automatic continuous monitoring system for dust reduction in ambient air, wherein the nozzle is a nozzle having both purging and flushing functions and is installed in the center of the sealing cover; or is an independent purging nozzle and flushing nozzle, and a plurality of nozzles are evenly and alternately distributed on the sealing cover.

[0020] The environmental air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system of the present invention has a nozzle for blowing connected to a hot air pump via an air path and a second air filter, and a nozzle for flushing connected to a wet settling cylinder via a water path, a water pump and a water filter.

[0021] The present invention discloses an environmental air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the outer diameter of the sealing cover is slightly larger than the opening diameter of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, and a sealing ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the sealing cover, and the sealing ring is used to seal the gap at the connection between the dust collecting cylinder and the sealing cover.

[0022] The present invention discloses an environmental air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is cylindrical, the cylinder opening diameter of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is at least 150 mm, the cylinder inner diameter is slightly larger than the cylinder opening diameter, the cylinder height is at least twice the cylinder opening diameter, and the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is equipped with a bird repeller and an insect repeller.

[0023] The present invention discloses an environmental air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the dust fall detection device is one of a particle single membrane sampler, a particle automatic membrane replacement sampler or a particle online monitor.

[0024] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a control method for controlling the above-mentioned monitoring system, which collects the dry dust mass data measured by the dust detection device in real time through the data acquisition and transmission device, calculates the dry dust amount and stores it, and transmits the dry dust amount data to the host computer through the transmission network. The user can retrieve and download the dry dust amount data from the host computer, and the measurement time is 1 hour as a unit, of which at least 45 minutes is the dust collection time and at most 15 minutes is the dust transfer time. During the dust collection time, the two-way valve is closed;

[0025] During the dust transfer time, open the two-way valve:

[0026] If the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow during the dust collection time, the first three-way valve closes the vertical outlet, connects the vertical inlet and the horizontal outlet, and connects the first three-way valve to the wet dust collection cylinder; Open the purge unit, first rinse with distilled water or water of the same purity for at least 1 minute, then blow with hot air for at least 3 minutes, then close the two-way valve, and at the same time move the funnel-type cylinder bottom downward through the funnel lifting unit, separate the funnel-type cylinder bottom from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder, blow out the fallen leaves in the cylinder body, and blow for at least 1 minute; then move the funnel-type cylinder bottom upward through the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder. The second three-way valve closes the vertical inlet and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet within the unit measurement time;

[0027] If the rain and snow sensor does not sense rain or snow within the dust collection time, the first three-way valve closes the horizontal outlet and connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet. The second three-way valve closes the horizontal inlet and connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet. The dust detection device only collects gas from the purge unit. The purge unit is turned on and hot air is used to purge for at least 4 minutes. Then the two-way valve is closed. At the same time, the second three-way valve closes the vertical inlet and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet. The funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved down by the funnel lifting unit, and the funnel-type cylinder bottom is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder. The fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out and purged for at least 1 minute. The funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved up by the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom with the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder.

[0028] The difference between the environmental air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system and the control method thereof of the present invention and the prior art is that the environmental air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system of the present invention can realize the separation and collection of dry and wet dust reduction 7*24h through the sampling equipment, and the sampling equipment has a simple structure.

[0029] The monitoring system of the present invention collects dry and wet dust through a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder in the dust collection device. A dust transfer device is provided below the dust collection device, and the dust transfer device can separate the two types of dust according to the difference between dry and wet dust, wherein the dry dust directly enters the dust detection device, and the wet dust enters another wet dust cylinder for storage. The system of the present invention does not need to set up two groups of open dust collecting cylinders to collect dry and wet dust respectively, and then use two groups of pipelines to process the dry and wet dust, and the structure is simpler. In addition, the dust collection device is usually set at a high place. Reducing one group of dust collecting cylinders and pipelines can reduce the difficulty of installation, and also reduce the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0030] The monitoring system of the present invention is also equipped with a leaf cleaning device. In the process of dust transfer, by blowing and flushing, the dry and wet dust can be transferred more thoroughly to avoid its retention in the dust collection device, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement and monitoring; the blowing nozzle can timely and effectively clean the leaves that fall into the wide-mouthed dust collection cylinder, which can effectively avoid its influence on the monitoring data. In the process of blowing the leaves, the funnel lifting unit drives the bottom of the funnel-shaped cylinder to move up and down, so that an opening is formed between the cylinder body and the bottom of the funnel-shaped cylinder, which is more convenient for cleaning the leaves in the wide-mouthed dust collection cylinder.

[0031] The monitoring system of the present invention is provided with a filter membrane in the dust fall detection device, and uses the filter membrane to collect dust fall samples or monitor the dry dust fall amount online on an hourly basis, and stores the data in a memory card, or uploads the dry dust fall amount data to a server platform in real time through a networking device, and the user terminal can retrieve and download data from the server platform.

[0032] The present invention fully integrates automatic control technology, wireless communication technology and database management to achieve all-weather dry and wet dust separation sampling and dry dust online monitoring.

[0033] The ambient air dust reduction continuous automatic monitoring system and control method thereof of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air of the present invention;

[0035] The markings in the figure are as follows: 1-dust detection device; 2-first air filter; 3-first three-way valve; 4-two-way valve; 5-funnel lifting unit; 6-funnel cylinder bottom; 7-conical filter; 8-wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder; 9-sealing cover; 10-rotating bracket; 11-lifting bracket; 12-second three-way valve; 13-second air filter; 14-hot air pump; 15-water filter; 16-wet dust cylinder; 17-water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, the environmental air dust continuous automatic monitoring system of the present invention includes a dust collection device, a dust transfer device, a leaf cleaning device, a dust detection device 1 and a data acquisition and transmission device. The dust collection device and the dust transfer device are used for collecting and transferring dust respectively, the leaf cleaning device is used to clean the accumulated leaves in the system, the dust detection device 1 is used to analyze and detect the collected dust, and the data acquisition and transmission device is used to collect and transmit the data detected by the dust detection device 1.

[0039] The dust collection device includes a wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 and a rain and snow sensor. The rain and snow sensor can be set somewhere above the system to sense rain and snow signals, which are not shown in the attached figure. The wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 has openings at both ends, and dust enters from the top of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8. The bottom of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 is connected to a dust transfer device. In this embodiment, the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 includes a cylinder body and a funnel-shaped cylinder bottom 6. The funnel-shaped cylinder bottom 6 can slide up and down along the inner wall of the cylinder body. The cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 remains stationary. When the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom 6 moves downward, the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom 6 can be separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 to facilitate the purge work. The rain and snow sensor is used to sense the state of dust. When the rain and snow sensor does not sense rain and snow in the air, dry dust collection is performed; when rain and snow are sensed in the air, wet dust collection is performed.

[0040] The fallen leaves cleaning device includes a funnel lifting unit 6 and a conical filter 7. The funnel lifting unit 6 is connected to the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6, and the funnel lifting unit 6 can drive the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The conical filter 7 is installed inside the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, covering the top of the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6, to prevent fallen leaves from entering the dust fall detection device 1 through the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6, thereby affecting the detection result. The conical filter 7 can move with the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6.

[0041] The dust removal transfer device includes a purge unit, a two-way valve 4, a first three-way valve 3, a second three-way valve 12, a wet dust removal cylinder 16 and a first air filter 2. The two-way valve 4, the first three-way valve 3 and the second three-way valve 12 are connected in sequence in a vertical direction to ensure that the two-way valve 4, the first three-way valve 3 and the second three-way valve 12 and their connecting pipelines are in a vertical state, which is convenient for the transfer of dust removal.

[0042] The purging unit includes a lifting bracket 11, a pan platform, a rotating bracket 10, a sealing cover 9 and a nozzle. The nozzle is installed in the center of the sealing cover 9. The nozzle adopts a nozzle with both purging and flushing functions. The nozzle is connected with the purging and flushing passages respectively, and the purging and flushing functions are realized by switching the internal valve. The nozzle can also adopt independent purging nozzles and flushing nozzles. Multiple nozzles are evenly distributed on the sealing cover, for example, three purging nozzles and three flushing nozzles are distributed alternately to ensure that the inside of the dust collecting cylinder can be fully flushed. The nozzle is installed on the sealing cover 9. The nozzle for purging is connected to the hot air pump 14 through the air path and the second air filter 13, and the nozzle for flushing is connected to the wet sedimentation cylinder 16 through the water path, the water pump 17, and the water filter 15. The sealing cover 9 is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket 10, and the rotating bracket 10 is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket 11. The lifting bracket 11 is installed on the pan platform. The lifting bracket 11 can realize the movement of the sealing cover 9 and the rotating bracket 10 in the vertical direction, and the rotating bracket 10 can realize the rotation of the sealing cover 9 in the horizontal plane. During the movement, the sealing cover 9 is always located higher than the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8. The outer diameter of the sealing cover 9 is slightly larger than the opening diameter of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8, and a sealing ring is provided on the bottom surface of the sealing cover 9. When the sealing cover 9 is placed on top of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8, the sealing ring can seal the gap at the connection between the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8 and the sealing cover 9. When the system is in the dust collection process, the sealing cover 9 is away from the top of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8; when the system is in the process of purging or flushing, the sealing cover 9 seals the top of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8. The wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8 is cylindrical as a whole, and the cylinder opening diameter of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8 is at least 150 mm, the cylinder inner diameter is slightly larger than the cylinder opening diameter, and the cylinder height is at least twice the cylinder opening diameter. The wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder is equipped with a bird repeller and an insect repeller.

[0043] The two-way valve 4 is arranged below the dust collection device, and the two-way valve 4 is installed in cooperation with the outlet of the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6, and the lower end of the two-way valve 4 is connected to the vertical inlet of the first three-way valve 3. In this embodiment, the two-way valve 4 uses a ball valve switch. When the dust collection process is in progress, the valve is closed; when the dust transfer process is in progress, the valve is opened. The horizontal outlet of the first three-way valve 3 is connected to the wet dust cylinder 16 through a pipeline, and no sealing treatment is performed at the connection between the pipeline and the wet dust cylinder 16. The vertical outlet of the first three-way valve 3 is connected to the vertical inlet of the second three-way valve 12. The horizontal inlet of the second three-way valve 12 is connected to the first air filter 2, and the first air filter 2 is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the external air source, and the vertical outlet of the second three-way valve 12 is connected to the dust detection device 1.

[0044] The dust detection device 1 includes a filter membrane, which is used to receive dust. The dust detection device 1 is a single-membrane sampler for particulate matter or an automatic membrane sampler for particulate matter, which respectively realizes single-membrane sampling and automatic membrane sampling of dust samples. The flow rate of the gas filtered by the first air filter 2 should match the flow rate of the dust detection device 1.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the dust fall detection device 1 adopts an online particulate matter monitor. The dust fall detection device 1 adopts the online particulate matter monitor, converts the dry dust fall mass obtained by the online particulate matter monitor into a dust fall amount and stores it in a data storage card. The data can be uploaded to the server platform in real time through a networking device, and the user terminal can retrieve and download relevant data from the server platform to realize online monitoring.

[0047] When the environmental air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system of the present invention is working, the dry dust fall mass data measured by the dust fall detection device is collected in real time through the data collection and transmission device, the dry dust fall amount is calculated and stored, and the dry dust fall amount data is transmitted to the host computer through the transmission network. The user can retrieve and download the dry dust fall amount data from the host computer. The measurement time is 1 hour as a unit, of which at least 45 minutes is the dust fall collection time and at most 15 minutes is the dust fall transfer time. During the dust fall collection time, the two-way valve is closed;

[0048] During the dust removal transfer time, open the two-way valve 4:

[0049] If the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow within the dust collection time, the first three-way valve 3 closes the vertical outlet, connects the vertical inlet and the horizontal outlet, and is connected to the wet dust collection cylinder 16; the purge unit is turned on, first rinse with distilled water or water of the same purity for at least 1 minute, then blow with hot air for at least 3 minutes, and then close the two-way valve 4, and at the same time, move the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 downward through the funnel lifting unit, separate the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 from the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8, blow out the fallen leaves in the cylinder body, and blow for at least 1 minute; then move the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 upward through the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8; the second three-way valve 12 closes the vertical inlet within the unit measurement time, and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet;

[0050] If the rain and snow sensor does not sense rain or snow within the dust collection time, the first three-way valve 3 closes the horizontal outlet and connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet. The second three-way valve 12 closes the horizontal inlet and connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet. The dust detection device only collects the gas from the purge unit; the purge unit is turned on and hot air is blown for at least 4 minutes, and then the two-way valve 4 is closed. At the same time, the second three-way valve 12 closes the vertical inlet and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet; the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is moved down by the funnel lifting unit, and the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8, and the fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out for at least 1 minute; the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is moved up by the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 with the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8.

[0051] For example, within the unit measurement time, the first 55 minutes are the dust collection time, and the last 5 minutes are the dust transfer time. At any time during the dust collection time, the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snowfall. When the dust transfer time comes at the 55th minute, the two-way valve 4 is opened, and the first three-way valve 3 is connected to the wet dust cylinder 16, and the rain or melted snow is directly collected in the wet dust cylinder 16; at the same time, the flushing nozzle is opened to flush with distilled water or water of the same purity for 1 minute; at the 56th minute within the unit measurement time, the purge nozzle is opened and the purge is performed for 3 minutes; at the 59th minute within the unit measurement time, the two-way valve 4 is closed, and the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is moved down by the funnel lifting unit, and the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8, and the fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out, and the purge is performed for 1 minute; the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is then moved up by the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 with the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8; the second three-way valve 12 closes the vertical inlet and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet within the unit measurement time;

[0052] If the rain and snow sensor has not sensed any rain or snow during the dust collection time, then at the 55th minute when the dust transfer time comes, the two-way valve 4 is opened, the first three-way valve 3 closes the horizontal outlet, connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, the second three-way valve 12 closes the horizontal inlet, connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, and the dust detection device 1 only collects the gas from the purge unit; then the purge nozzle is opened, and the hot air is purged for 4 minutes, and then the two-way valve 4 is closed, and at the same time the second three-way valve 12 closes the vertical inlet, and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet; at the 59th minute within the unit measurement time, the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is moved down by the funnel lifting unit, the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8, the fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out, and the purge is performed for 1 minute; then the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is moved up by the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 with the cylinder body of the wide-mouthed dust collecting cylinder 8.

[0053] The environmental air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system of the present invention can realize 7*24 h separation and collection of dry and wet dust fall through the sampling device, and the sampling device has a simple structure.

[0054] The monitoring system of the present invention collects dry and wet dust through a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder in the dust collection device. A dust transfer device is provided below the dust collection device, and the dust transfer device can separate the two types of dust according to the difference between dry and wet dust, wherein the dry dust directly enters the dust detection device, and the wet dust enters the wet dust cylinder for storage. The system of the present invention does not need to set up two groups of open dust collecting cylinders to collect dry and wet dust respectively, and then use two groups of pipelines to process the dry and wet dust, and the structure is simpler. In addition, the dust collection device is usually set at a high place. Reducing one group of dust collecting cylinders and pipelines can reduce the difficulty of installation, and also reduce the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0055] The monitoring system of the present invention is also equipped with a leaf cleaning device. In the process of dust transfer, by blowing and flushing, the dry and wet dust can be transferred more thoroughly to avoid its retention in the dust collection device, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement and monitoring; the blowing nozzle can timely and effectively clean the leaves that fall into the wide-mouthed dust collection cylinder, which can effectively avoid its influence on the monitoring data. In the process of blowing the leaves, the funnel lifting unit drives the bottom of the funnel-shaped cylinder to move up and down, so that an opening is formed between the cylinder body and the bottom of the funnel-shaped cylinder, which is more convenient for cleaning the leaves in the wide-mouthed dust collection cylinder.

[0056] The monitoring system of the present invention is provided with a filter membrane in the dust fall detection device, and uses the filter membrane to collect dust fall samples or monitor the dry dust fall amount online on an hourly basis, and stores the data in a memory card, or uploads the dry dust fall amount data to a server platform in real time through a networking device, and the user terminal can retrieve and download data from the server platform.

[0057] The present invention fully integrates automatic control technology, wireless communication technology and database management to achieve all-weather dry and wet dust separation sampling and dry dust online monitoring.

[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous automatic monitoring system for ambient air dust fall, characterized by: It includes dust collection device, dust transfer device, fallen leaf cleaning device, dust detection device and data acquisition and transmission device. The dust collection device comprises a wide-mouth dust collection cylinder and a rain and snow sensor, wherein the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a funnel-shaped cylinder bottom, and the outlet of the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom is connected to a two-way valve in the dust transfer device; The dust removal and transfer device also includes a purge unit, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a wet dust removal cylinder, wherein the purge unit is used to purge the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, the two-way valve, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected in sequence in a vertical direction, the horizontal outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the wet dust removal cylinder, and the outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the dust detection device; The fallen leaf cleaning device includes a funnel lifting unit, which is used to lift the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder. When the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom moves downward, the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom can be separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder; the fallen leaf cleaning device also includes a conical filter screen, which is installed inside the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder and covers the top of the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom; The dust fall detection device comprises a filter membrane, and the filter membrane is used to receive dust fall; The data acquisition and transmission device is used to acquire and transmit the data measured by the dust fall detection device.

2. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conical filter screen can move together with the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom.

3. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust reduction and transfer device further comprises a first air filter, the first air filter is provided with an air inlet, and the first air filter is connected to the horizontal inlet of the second three-way valve through a pipeline.

4. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The purge unit comprises a lifting bracket, a pan head, a rotating bracket, a sealing cover and a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is mounted on the sealing cover, the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket, and the rotating bracket is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket.

5. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The nozzle is a nozzle with both purging and flushing functions, installed in the center of the sealing cover; or is an independent purging nozzle and flushing nozzle, and multiple nozzles are evenly distributed on the sealing cover.

6. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The nozzle used for blowing is connected to the hot air pump through the air path and the second air filter, and the nozzle used for flushing is connected to the wet dust reduction cylinder through the water path, the water pump and the water filter.

7. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the sealing cover is slightly larger than the opening diameter of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder. A sealing ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the sealing cover, and the sealing ring is used to seal the gap at the connection between the dust collecting cylinder and the sealing cover.

8. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is cylindrical, the cylinder opening diameter of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is at least 150mm, the cylinder inner diameter is slightly larger than the cylinder opening diameter, the cylinder height is at least twice the cylinder opening diameter, and the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is equipped with a bird repeller and an insect repeller.

9. The continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust fall detection device is one of a particle single-film sampler, a particle automatic film replacement sampler or a particle online monitor.

10. A method for controlling an ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system, for controlling the ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The dry dust fall mass data measured by the dust fall detection device is collected in real time through the data collection and transmission device, the dry dust fall amount is calculated and stored, and the dry dust fall amount data is transmitted to the host computer through the transmission network. The user can retrieve and download the dry dust fall amount data from the host computer. The measurement time is 1 hour per unit, of which at least 45 minutes is the dust fall collection time and at most 15 minutes is the dust fall transfer time. During the dust fall collection time, the two-way valve is closed; During the dust transfer time, open the two-way valve: If the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow within the dust collection time, the first three-way valve closes the vertical outlet, connects the vertical inlet and the horizontal outlet, and is connected to the wet dust collection cylinder; the purge unit is turned on, first rinsed with distilled water or water of equivalent purity for at least 1 minute, then purged with hot air for at least 3 minutes, and then the two-way valve is closed, and at the same time, the funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved down through the funnel lifting unit, the funnel-type cylinder bottom is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder, and the fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out, and the purge is carried out for at least 1 minute; then the funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved up through the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder; the second three-way valve closes the vertical inlet within the unit measurement time, and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet; If the rain and snow sensor does not sense rain or snow within the dust collection time, the first three-way valve closes the horizontal outlet and connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet. The second three-way valve closes the horizontal inlet and connects the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet. The dust detection device only collects gas from the purge unit. The purge unit is turned on and hot air is used for at least 4 minutes. Then the two-way valve is closed. At the same time, the second three-way valve closes the vertical inlet and connects the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet. The funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved down by the funnel lifting unit, and the funnel-type cylinder bottom is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, and the fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out for at least 1 minute. The funnel-type cylinder bottom is then moved up by the funnel lifting unit to seal the funnel-type cylinder bottom with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder.

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