Guide rail for magnetic levitation train

Abstract

The present invention discloses a guide rail for a maglev train, wherein the guide rail is composed of a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels arranged and combined, wherein the plurality of polygonal magnetic steels are closely arranged in sequence to form a topological structure, wherein the polygonal magnetic steels are a combination of polygonal magnetic steels of the same structure or a combination of two or more polygonal magnetic steels of different structures; the number of sides of the polygonal magnetic steels is N+1, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the magnetizing directions of adjacent magnetic steels are different, and the magnetizing directions of adjacent magnetic steels form a certain angle. When in use, a minimum amount of permanent magnets is used, and the magnetizing direction and arrangement direction of the magnetic steels are adjusted to increase the magnetic field strength and effective area of ​​the magnetic field strength above the guide rail, so as to generate a stronger magnetic field on one side above, so as to increase the load-bearing capacity of the superconductor suspended above it.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of permanent magnet guide rails, in particular to a guide rail for a maglev train, and more particularly to a permanent magnet array composed of polygonal magnets magnetized in an inclination direction and a guide rail composed of the permanent magnet array. Background Art

[0002] In the superconducting state, superconductors will exhibit the zero resistance characteristic of a sudden drop in resistance and the Meissner effect that completely resists magnetic flux. The superposition of these two effects will cause the superconducting material to form a force that resists the existing magnetic field, making the resultant force zero, and the superconducting material will appear to be stably suspended above a constant magnetic field.

[0003] The common superconductors at present are type II superconductors, which do not fully exhibit the Meissner effect in the mixed state. The thinner superconductors will form quantized flux conduits inside to allow the magnetic lines of force to pass through. The passing magnetic lines of force will pin the superconducting material. If there is a position deviation, the magnetic lines of force will pass through the flux conduit via a longer path. According to the first theorem, a force will be generated to restore the superconducting material to its original position. Therefore, the high-temperature superconducting suspension system of type II superconductors has the property of self-stabilization and does not require an additional control system.

[0004] In the prior art, the high-temperature superconducting material suspension achieved refers to the suspension of commonly used yttrium barium copper oxide superconductors (YBCO), gadolinium oxide superconductors (GdBaCuO), and rare earth ReBaCuO superconductors. The suspension process is usually to cool the material to below the critical temperature in a constant magnetic field, and then be captured by the constant magnetic field to achieve the pinning effect of the superconductor on the magnetic flux. At this time, the superconducting suspension is a self-stabilizing passive system.

[0005] The permanent magnet rail in the traditional superconducting suspension model only forms a stable magnetic field by arranging permanent magnets in an NS manner to achieve the purpose of suspending the superconducting material. In the ordinary scheme, in order to enhance the magnetic field above the permanent magnet track, rare earth permanent magnets are usually used. Even so, the surface magnetic field strength provided by the track is very low, and the effect of enhancing the suspension force of the superconductor is very limited.

[0006] For example, the patents CN106240399 B, CN2027345548 U, CN105463957 B, CN102717725 A, CN105803872 B, CN201049595 Y, and CN106240398 B in the prior art are a series. In this series of patents, it can be seen that the permanent magnet track of the permanent magnet array is improved. The magnetization direction of the traditional permanent magnet array is opposite to the vertical direction. In this series of patents, the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is not only opposite in the vertical direction, but also opposite in the horizontal direction, so as to gain the magnetic field strength above the traditional permanent magnet guide rail. The permanent magnet guide rails described in these patents for superconducting train suspension are all specific rectangular magnetic steels, which are arranged along specific magnetization directions in the horizontal and vertical directions to achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic field strength on the track. These patents also introduce the arrangement of 5, 7, and 9 rectangular magnetic steels, but the only difference between them is that different arrangements of magnetic steels produce single-peak and multi-peak magnetic fields, but the effect of increasing the magnetic field is still limited. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a guide rail for a maglev train. By combining polygonal magnetic steels of different shapes and adjusting the magnetization angle, the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets regularly arranged in the track cross section can be closer to the direction of the magnetic field propagating freely in the air, so as to achieve better magnetic field enhancement.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A guide rail for a maglev train, characterized in that the guide rail is composed of a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels arranged and combined, and the combination method is that the plurality of polygonal magnetic steels are closely arranged in sequence to form a topological structure;

[0010] The polygonal magnetic steel is a combination of polygonal magnetic steels of the same structure or a combination of two or more polygonal magnetic steels of different structures;

[0011] The number of sides of the polygonal magnetic steel is N+1, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2;

[0012] The magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic steels are different, and the magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic steels form a certain angle.

[0013] Preferably, magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic steels form an angle β, 0°<β<90°, 90°<β<180°.

[0014] Preferably, in the topological structure of the guide rail, the number of polygonal magnetic steel blocks Z satisfies Z = 4*n+3, (n∈N * ) Among them, the 4*n, (n∈N *) The polygonal permanent magnets are replaced by soft magnetic materials with the same structure.

[0015] In a further technical solution, chamfers are arranged on all four sides of the polygonal magnetic steel block, and the chamfers are ≥ 0.5mm*45°.

[0016] Furthermore, the polygonal magnetic steel block adopts a triangle, a parallelogram, a pentagon or a hexagon.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide rail is composed of two polygonal magnetic steel blocks, namely, regular hexagon and regular triangle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention not only improves the overall technical solution, but also includes many improvements in details. Specifically, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The improved solution of the present invention is that the guide rail is composed of a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels arranged and combined into a topological structure, and the adjacent polygonal magnetic steels have different magnetization directions. Through the convergence of magnetic fields, they form a combination on the guide rail, which can maximize the unilateral magnetic field on the surface of the guide rail;

[0020] 2. In the technical solution of the present invention, the polygonal magnetic steel is arranged in a topological structure to realize the magnetic field direction at different angles in the plane. The corners of each polygonal magnetic steel are provided with external chamfers to control the spatial distribution of the magnetic field and effectively improve the smoothness of the guide rail along the driving direction;

[0021] 3. In the improvement of the present invention, the minimum amount of permanent magnets is used to adjust the magnetization direction and arrangement direction of the magnetic steel to increase the magnetic field strength and the effective area of ​​the magnetic field strength above the guide rail, so as to generate a stronger magnetic field on one side above, so as to increase the load-bearing capacity of the superconductor suspended above it;

[0022] 4. The polygonal magnetic steel of the present invention has various combinations and reasonable layout, and has a strong enhancement effect on the magnetic field above the guide rail. Compared with the traditional solution, the gain effect reaches more than 40%, which is worthy of promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prior art.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 The present invention adds a structural schematic diagram of a soft magnetic body.

[0027] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of magnetic lines of force comparing the present invention and the prior art.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the magnetic field between the triangular magnetic steel of the present invention and the magnetic steel of the prior art.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the magnetic field between the optimized prior art magnetic steel and the triangular magnetic steel.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a scanning diagram of the magnetization angle after the magnetization direction of the magnetic steel is optimized in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regular hexagonal magnetic steel after cutting of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure after the middle magnetic steel is chamfered.

[0033] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of a ring topology structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement and combination of polygonal magnetic steels of different shapes according to the present invention.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of another polygonal magnetic steel arrangement and combination of different shapes according to the present invention.

[0036] The following are marked in the figure:

[0037] 1 polygonal magnetic steel, 2 chamfer, 3 soft magnet, 4 magnetic lines;

[0038] 11 regular triangle magnet, 12 regular hexagon magnet, 13 magnetizing direction, 14 rectangular magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand how to practice the present invention. Although the present invention is described in conjunction with its preferred specific embodiments, these embodiments are only illustrative, rather than limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, a guide rail for a maglev train is different from the prior art in that the guide rail is composed of a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels arranged and combined, and the combination method is that a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels are closely arranged in sequence to form a topological structure.

[0041] In a single row parallel structure, the number of polygonal magnetic steel blocks Z satisfies Z = 4*n+3, (n∈N * ).

[0042] Furthermore, chamfers are arranged around the polygonal magnetic steel block, and the curvature of the chamfers will affect the spatial distribution of the magnetic field, so the chamfers of the present invention are ≥0.5mm*45°.

[0043] At the same time, the polygonal magnetic steel is a combination of polygonal magnetic steels of the same structure or a combination of two or more polygonal magnetic steels of different structures. For example, a triangular magnetic steel and a hexagonal magnetic steel can be combined.

[0044] The number of sides of the polygonal magnet is 2n or 2N+1, wherein n and N are both natural numbers, n≥2, N≥1. Preferably, the polygonal magnet can be a triangle, in particular, an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a parallelogram, an isosceles trapezoid, a regular pentagon and a regular hexagon.

[0045] Furthermore, the polygonal magnetic steel here preferably adopts regular triangles, regular pentagons and regular hexagons, and can also adopt a special shape of hexagon, which is evolved from a regular hexagon. A regular hexagon can be regarded as a hexagonal figure composed of three groups of parallel sides. Any group of parallel sides is extended by the same distance, and the length of the new extended side is 1.5-3.5 times the original length of the regular hexagon, forming a new hexagonal figure.

[0046] The magnetizing directions of adjacent magnets are different. There is an angle β between the magnetizing directions of adjacent magnets, 0°<β≤90°. The magnetizing directions of the magnets here can be more than just up, down, left, and right. You can also choose angles that form various angles with the horizontal line, such as 30°, 45°, and 60°. For polygonal magnets arranged in a single row, the magnetizing directions of adjacent magnets can start from the first magnet on the left and rotate clockwise by a certain angle, such as 15°, 30°, or 60°.

[0047] Furthermore, the magnetic steel block is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and samarium cobalt permanent magnet.

[0048] Specifically, the present invention uses a minimum number of polygonal permanent magnets (such as an equilateral triangle, an isosceles trapezoid with a base angle of 120 degrees, or a regular hexagon), and forms a specific array topology by adjusting the magnetization direction and arrangement direction of the magnetic steel, thereby increasing the magnetic field intensity and the effective area of ​​the magnetic field intensity above the guide rail, thereby generating a stronger unilateral magnetic field above, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the superconductor suspended above it.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] See also Figure 2 In the permanent magnet guide rail structure, the number of polygonal magnetic steel blocks Z satisfies Z = 4*n+3, (n∈N *), in this embodiment, the magnetic steel block adopts an equilateral triangle structure, and a total of seven blocks (i.e., n=1) are arranged in sequence and spliced ​​to form an isosceles trapezoidal structure

[0051] Furthermore, to generalize the magnetizing direction of each polygonal magnet involved in the guide rail of this patent, it should be stipulated that the direction parallel to the upper side line of the guide rail should be the horizontal direction, the direction of the vector perpendicular to the horizontal direction and pointing to the right facing the guide rail cross section should be the positive direction, and the magnetizing angle θ is the angle with the horizontal direction after changing in the positive direction counterclockwise. The local coordinate system of the above-mentioned permanent magnet guide rail is a right-hand system. α is the angle between the magnetizing direction of the first magnet in the array of the present invention and the horizontal right direction. In this embodiment, the magnetizing direction of the first magnet on the left is rotated 30° counterclockwise to the right along the horizontal direction, and then starting from the first magnet, six magnets are arranged first, and the magnetizing direction of each magnet to the right is rotated 60° counterclockwise compared to the magnetizing direction of the previous magnet, and then a triangular magnet with a magnetizing direction horizontally to the left is arranged in the middle of the six magnets. In this way, the magnetizing directions of adjacent magnets will not cause the convergence of magnetic poles and the occurrence of partial demagnetization. It can be clearly seen Figure 2 In the magnetic field, the magnetic lines of force converge together to form a magnetic field convergence, which further enhances the magnetic field. Here we need to further distinguish between magnetic field convergence and magnetic pole convergence. Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic poles converge as Figure 3 As shown, bringing the same magnetic poles together will have a negative effect and will cause demagnetization.

[0052] The magnetic field lines of the above-mentioned equilateral triangle magnets are obtained by setting different magnetization directions and arrangement layouts, see Figure 5 In the figure, compared with the comparative document, the left side shows the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet array composed of traditional rectangular magnets, the magnetizing directions of the rectangular magnets are up, down, left and right, and the right side shows the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet array with a regular triangle cross-section of the present embodiment. It can be clearly seen that the triangular cross-section permanent magnet used can better converge the magnetic field above the guide rail into a single peak, showing a stronger enhancement effect on the magnetic field above the guide rail.

[0053] Furthermore, by performing finite element simulation calculation on the magnetic field distribution at 10 mm above the track, it can be clearly seen that the permanent magnet array of the present invention has an enhanced effect on the traditional permanent magnet array. Figure 6 The calculation results show that under the same permanent magnet cross-sectional area, that is, when the amount of permanent magnet is controlled to be constant, the magnetic field distribution 10 mm above the surface of the present invention is compared with the magnetic field distribution 10 mm above the surface of the traditional rectangular cross-sectional permanent magnet array. Figure 6As shown, the dotted line represents the magnetic field distribution of the traditional rectangular cross-section permanent magnet, the solid line represents the magnetic field distribution of the triangular cross-section permanent magnet of Example 1 of the present invention, the horizontal axis is the horizontal distance of the guide rail, and the vertical axis is the magnetic flux density 10mm above the guide rail. According to the results, it can be seen that the maximum value of the magnetic field is increased from 0.54T to 0.9T, and the gain value compared with the traditional solution can reach an astonishing 67%. Considering the influence of the actual processing technology and the influence of chamfering, the gain can reach 40-60%.

[0054] In order to further verify the gain of the magnetic field 10mm above the guide rail by the magnetization method of the present invention, the aspect ratio of the rectangular cross-section permanent magnet is optimized according to the comparative literature. The optimization results show that when the proportionally reduced 1260mm is determined, 2 When the cross-sectional area remains unchanged, the optimal width of the vertically magnetized permanent magnet of the traditional rectangular cross-section permanent magnet is 9.1mm, and the rectangular cross-sectional width of the horizontally magnetized permanent magnet is 29.4mm. The height of the guide rail is 14.6mm, and the maximum magnetic field intensity 10mm above it is increased from 0.54T to 0.63T, which proves the feasibility of the optimization method. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis is the horizontal distance of the guide rail, the vertical axis is the magnetic flux density 10mm above the guide rail, the dotted line is the maximum magnetic density that can be achieved after the size optimization of the traditional rectangular optimal magnetization scheme, and the solid line is the magnetic field distribution 10mm above the permanent magnet array of the equilateral triangle cross section in the first implementation case of the present invention. It can be seen that the magnetic density of this patent is higher than that of the traditional optimal magnetization and optimal size after optimization, and the gain effect can still reach 43%. Excluding the influence of processing technology and chamfering, its gain effect can still reach 25%-40%, which is enough to prove the superiority of the scheme.

[0055] At the same time, we can Figure 2 The magnetic flux density in the Z direction of the guide rail is calculated as follows:

[0056]

[0057] where μ 0 is the magnetic permeability of the selected material, M 0 is the magnetic susceptibility of the selected material, h pm is the thickness of the permanent magnet guide rail.

[0058] The calculation method for the suspension force suspended above the guide rail is:

[0059]

[0060] Among them J c is the critical current density; B z is the vertical magnetic flux density; L, W, H are the length, width and height of the suspended high-temperature superconducting block; δ is the penetration depth of the magnetic field.

[0061]

[0062] in is the superconducting block capture field; λ is the Changgang coefficient.

[0063] From the above formula, it can be seen that the magnetization direction and arrangement of each magnetic steel of the present invention can make B in the formula z Increase, the molecules increase, and all other things remain unchanged, then the final guiding force and magnetic field penetration depth obtained when suspended above the guide rail are greatly enhanced.

[0064] Furthermore, if the bottom side of the first triangular magnetic steel from left to right is horizontal, the angle between the magnetization direction of the first triangular magnetic steel and the horizontal right direction is (The [] here indicates the value range, see Figure 2-Figure 4 ); The angle between the magnetization direction of each magnet in the entire permanent magnet array and the horizontal right direction is θ (θ∈R), and the angle is positive in the counterclockwise direction. Then the i-th magnet (i∈N * ) magnetization direction The [] in this formula represents the rounding function.

[0065] More preferably, the present invention also optimizes the magnetization direction of the guide rail composed of 7 triangular magnetic steels in the specific implementation example 1, and the optimization result is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the magnetization angle scanning diagram of the triangular cross-section magnetic steel rail is shown. Each curve represents a different magnetization angle. The horizontal axis is the rail distance and the vertical axis is the magnetic flux density at 10 mm. The results show that when the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet in the rail array is at an angle of 56-60° to the horizontal direction, that is, θ(1) is between 56°-60°, the maximum value of the magnetic field intensity above the rail is optimal; when the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet in the rail array is at an angle of 43-47° to the horizontal direction, that is, θ(1) is between 43°-47°, the effective area of ​​the magnetic field intensity above the rail is optimal.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] See also Figure 3In the embodiment 1, there is also a permanent magnet array composed of 7 equilateral triangles arranged in a single row, using a right-hand coordinate system. The magnetization direction of the first magnet on the left is 30° counterclockwise rotated to the right along the horizontal direction, and then starting from the first magnet, six magnets are arranged first, and the magnetization direction of each magnet to the right is 60° counterclockwise rotated compared with the magnetization direction of the previous magnet, and then a triangular magnet with a magnetization direction horizontally facing left is arranged in the middle of the six magnets. Compared with embodiment 1, the main difference is that the magnets of the two are arranged in different ways. The magnetization direction of the magnets in embodiment 2 makes the adjacent magnets converge along the vertex angles of the magnetization direction. In actual production, the same magnetic poles converge together to form magnetic pole convergence, which will cause partial demagnetization of the magnets with a triangular cross-section, thereby affecting the magnetic field distribution on the single-sided surface. Therefore, the effect of this arrangement is worse than that of embodiment 1, but the experimental results show that it is better than the prior art Figure 1 The permanent magnet array structure can still achieve a magnetic field gain of 8 to 42%.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] In the array structure, the number of polygonal magnetic steel blocks Z satisfies Z = 4*n+3, (n∈N * ) Among them, the 4*n, (n∈N * ) polygonal permanent magnets can be replaced with soft magnetic materials of the same structure. Therefore, for the permanent magnet array described in Example 2, if one of the magnets is replaced with a soft magnet, different effects can be produced. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the gray part is the replaced soft magnetic material, and the direction of the internal magnetic flux is generally close to the horizontal direction. Adding soft magnetic material will greatly reduce the magnetic field strength of the left and right poles, thus reducing the demagnetization problem caused by the same poles converging. However, since the permanent magnet is replaced by soft magnetic material, the magnetic field strength on its surface will be greatly reduced. Compared with the arrangement in the embodiment 1 of the present invention, the magnetic field strength 10mm above it decreases by 15-30%, so its Figure 1 The magnetic field strength above the magnet array in the comparative document can only achieve a gain of 10-12%.

[0070] However, Example 1 of the present invention is not suitable for the optimization method using soft magnetic materials, because the two adjacent permanent magnets with equilateral triangle cross-sections produce a larger curl in the magnetic field due to the topological structure. Therefore, if soft magnetic materials are used for magnetic flux conduction, a vortex magnetic field will be formed inside, which greatly wastes energy and reduces the surface magnetism.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] The guide rail is connected by several magnetic steels in sequence to form a topological structure. Fig. 9The polygonal magnet uses a regular hexagonal permanent magnet, and then cuts the regular hexagonal permanent magnet into equal parts to make it into six identical equilateral triangle cross-section permanent magnets. The six identical equilateral triangle magnets form the following Fig. 9 The hexagonal topology shown.

[0073] Further, such as Fig.10 As shown, each corner of each triangular permanent magnet is chamfered, with the chamfer ≥ 0.5mm*45°, to complete the topological shape of the final triangular cross-section permanent magnet. The completed triangular cross-section permanent magnets are simply arranged in the positive and negative directions to form the following Figure 2 , 3 The first magnet shown in the figure is magnetized to the right at an angle of 30° to the horizontal direction.

[0074] Similarly, the production method of the triangular cross-section magnet steel magnetized parallel to the base direction can be completed by rotating the above triangular permanent magnet by 30 degrees. The permanent magnet with an equilateral triangular cross-section obtained in the two steps is the specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 , 3 Permanent magnets in.

[0075] Furthermore, polygonal magnetic steel can also be cut from hexagonal permanent magnets. In the same way as above, a hollow regular hexagonal permanent magnet is magnetized and machined to obtain more triangular magnetic steels in a single magnetization operation.

[0076] Furthermore, by adjusting the different shapes of permanent magnets used, magnetization at different angles can be completed during the magnetization process, or different cutting methods can be used, such as Fig.11 As shown, after cutting, isosceles trapezoidal magnets are formed, and then the permanent magnet array is completed by rotating the isosceles trapezoids. In this way, the magnetization direction of the magnets constituting the guide rail can be designed and processed. Preferably, the polygonal magnet block adopts a triangular, isosceles trapezoidal and regular hexagonal structure.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] In the topological structure, the guide rail is composed of two types of magnetic steel blocks, regular hexagons and regular triangles, see Fig.13 A group of 5 regular hexagonal magnetic steel blocks are arranged in parallel, and two regular triangular magnetic steel blocks are arranged between adjacent regular hexagonal magnetic steel blocks. The two regular triangles are symmetrically arranged up and down with the vertex as the center of the circle. The magnetizing directions of the two regular triangles are the same. The magnetizing direction of the regular hexagon is horizontal or vertical. The angle between the magnetizing direction of the regular triangle and the magnetizing direction of the adjacent regular hexagon is 45° or 135°, and the side length of the regular triangle is the same as the side length of the regular hexagon.

[0079] Specifically, the first magnet on the left is a regular hexagonal magnet, and its magnetization direction is vertically downward. The second regular hexagonal magnet has a magnetization direction horizontally to the right. The magnetization direction of the following regular hexagonal magnet is the angle of the magnetization direction of the previous regular hexagonal magnet rotated 90° counterclockwise. Therefore, the magnetization directions of the five regular hexagonal magnets are vertically downward, horizontally to the right, vertically upward, horizontally to the left, and vertically downward, respectively.

[0080] The magnetizing direction of the first group of equilateral triangle magnets is 30 degrees clockwise rotation along the horizontal right direction, and the magnetizing direction of the second group of equilateral triangle magnets is the angle after the magnetizing direction of the first group of equilateral triangles is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise.

[0081] The guide rail formed in this way can maximize the unilateral magnetic field on the surface of the guide rail.

[0082] It should be noted that the fully described invention may also have a variety of variations and modifications, and is not limited to the specific embodiments of the above embodiments. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention, not limiting thereof. In short, the scope of protection of the invention should include those variations or substitutions and modifications that are obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art, and shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A guide rail for a maglev train, characterized in that: The guide rail is composed of a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels arranged and combined, and the combination method is that a plurality of polygonal magnetic steels are closely arranged in sequence to form a topological structure; The magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic steels are different, and the magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic steels form a certain angle; The polygonal magnetic steel block adopts a combination of a triangle and a regular pentagon or a combination of a triangle and a regular hexagon; The polygonal magnetic steel block is chamfered on all sides, and the chamfer is ≥0.5mm*45°.

2. A guide rail for a maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetization directions of adjacent magnets form an angle β, 0°<β≤90°.

3. A guide rail for a maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the topological structure, the number of polygonal magnetic steel blocks Z satisfies Z = 4*n+3, (n∈N * ).

4. A guide rail for a maglev train according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the topological structure of polygonal magnetic steel, the 4*nth (n∈N * ) The polygonal permanent magnets are replaced by soft magnetic materials with the same structure.

5. The guide rail for a maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the topological structure, the guide rail is composed of two types of magnetic steel blocks, regular hexagonal and regular triangle. A group of 5 regular hexagonal magnetic steel blocks are arranged in parallel, and two regular triangle magnetic steel blocks are arranged between adjacent regular hexagonal magnetic steel blocks. The two regular triangles are symmetrically arranged up and down with the vertex as the center of the circle. The magnetization direction of the two regular triangles is the same. The magnetization direction of the regular hexagon is horizontal or vertical. The angle between the magnetization direction of the regular triangle and the adjacent regular hexagonal magnetization direction is 45° or 135°, and the side length of the regular triangle is the same as the side length of the regular hexagon.

6. The guide rail for a maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic steel block is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and samarium cobalt permanent magnet.

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