Laser cleaning device and cleaning method for shaft components

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of axle cleaning equipment, and provides a laser cleaning equipment and a cleaning method for shaft components, including a support seat assembly; two driving wheel structures, the two driving wheel structures are arranged on the support seat assembly, and the two driving wheel structures are suitable for being close to or far away from each other on the support seat assembly, and the shaft components to be cleaned are suitable for being placed between the two driving wheel structures; a friction wheel structure, the friction wheel structure is arranged tangentially to at least one driving wheel structure, and uses friction force to drive at least one driving wheel structure to rotate; a connecting shaft assembly, the connecting shaft assembly coaxially passes through the friction wheel structure; a power drive device, the power drive device is drivingly connected to the connecting shaft assembly toward one end of the connecting shaft assembly, and is used to drive the connecting shaft assembly to rotate; a laser cleaning device, the laser cleaning device is suitable for laser cleaning of shaft components to be cleaned; the present invention realizes laser cleaning of shaft components to be cleaned with different diameters during rotation, and has a wide range of adaptability and strong compatibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of axle cleaning equipment, and in particular to a laser cleaning device and a cleaning method for axle components. Background Art

[0002] After a powered vehicle has been in service for a period of time, its axle needs to be cleaned and repaired to ensure its normal operation. For example, a train axle will be coated with a layer of paint as a protective layer before it is put into service. However, after a certain distance in service, dust and oil will adhere to the surface of the train axle, or the axle surface will rust. Therefore, the paint, rust, oil and dust on the axle surface need to be removed before the axle is repaired and refurbished. The main cleaning equipment currently used in the market includes a laser head, a drive wheel structure and a drive motor. The axle to be cleaned is placed on a relatively arranged drive wheel structure. The drive motor drives the drive wheel structure to rotate to drive the axle to be cleaned to rotate, and then the laser head is used to clean the axle to be cleaned. However, due to the different diameters of train axles or other powered axles, the existing cleaning equipment cannot adapt to the driving operation of axles of different diameters, resulting in a narrow scope of application and poor compatibility. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem solved by the invention is that the existing cleaning equipment cannot drive axles of different diameters to rotate, is inconvenient for cleaning, has a narrow application range and poor compatibility.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a laser cleaning device for shaft components, comprising:

[0005] A support seat assembly, used for supporting the driving wheel structure;

[0006] Two driving wheel structures, the two driving wheel structures are arranged on the support base assembly, and the two driving wheel structures are suitable for being close to or far away from each other on the support base assembly, and the shaft component to be cleaned is suitable for being placed between the two driving wheel structures;

[0007] A friction wheel structure, wherein the friction wheel structure is arranged tangentially to at least one of the driving wheel structures and utilizes friction force to drive at least one of the driving wheel structures to rotate;

[0008] A connecting shaft assembly, wherein the connecting shaft assembly coaxially passes through the friction wheel structure;

[0009] A power drive device, wherein one end of the power drive device is drivingly connected to the connecting shaft assembly and is used to drive the connecting shaft assembly to rotate;

[0010] A laser cleaning device, wherein the laser cleaning device is suitable for performing mobile laser cleaning on the shaft components to be cleaned.

[0011] Therefore, by arranging two driving wheel structures on the support seat assembly, and the two driving wheel structures are suitable for being close to or far away from each other on the support seat assembly, it is possible to adapt to the supporting operation of shaft components to be cleaned with different diameters, the connecting shaft assembly coaxially passes through the friction wheel structure, the friction wheel structure and the driving wheel structure are arranged tangentially, the power driving device is drivingly connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly extending out of the friction wheel structure, and then the power driving device drives the friction wheel structure to rotate, and utilizes the friction force between the friction wheel structure and the driving wheel structure to drive at least one of the driving wheel structures to rotate, and then drives the shaft components to be cleaned placed on the driving wheel structure to rotate, so as to facilitate the laser cleaning device to perform mobile laser cleaning operations on the rotating shaft components to be cleaned, so as to realize laser cleaning operations on shaft components to be cleaned with different diameters during rotation, with a wide range of adaptability and strong compatibility.

[0012] Optionally, the support seat assembly includes a main support frame and a secondary support frame that are horizontally spaced apart, and the spacing between the main support frame and the secondary support frame is less than or equal to the length of the shaft component to be cleaned.

[0013] Optionally, the two driving wheel structures are respectively a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the first driving wheel includes a first main rotating shaft, a first slave rotating shaft, a first main driving wheel and a first slave driving wheel, the second driving wheel includes a second main rotating shaft, a second slave rotating shaft, a second main driving wheel and a second slave driving wheel, the first main driving wheel and the second main driving wheel are respectively arranged on the main support frame through the first main rotating shaft and the second main rotating shaft, and the first slave driving wheel and the second slave driving wheel are respectively arranged on the slave supporting frame through the first slave rotating shaft and the second slave rotating shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the main support frame is provided with a first main adjustment hole group and a second main adjustment hole group relative to each other, and the first main rotating shaft and the second main rotating shaft are respectively embedded in the first main adjustment hole group and the second main adjustment hole group; the slave support frame is provided with a first slave adjustment hole group and a second slave adjustment hole group relative to each other, and the first slave rotating shaft and the second slave rotating shaft are respectively embedded in the first slave adjustment hole group and the second slave adjusting hole group.

[0015] Optionally, the friction wheel structure comprises a main friction wheel and a slave friction wheel, and both ends of the connecting shaft assembly are respectively connected to the main friction wheel and the slave friction wheel.

[0016] Optionally, the power drive device includes a drive motor and a reducer, the drive motor is drivingly connected to the input shaft of the reducer, and the output shaft of the reducer is drivingly connected to the connecting shaft assembly.

[0017] Optionally, the connecting shaft assembly includes a middle connecting shaft, a main coupling, a slave coupling and a slave drive shaft, the two ends of the middle connecting shaft are respectively connected to the main coupling and the slave coupling, the power drive device includes a main drive shaft, one end of the main drive shaft is connected to the end of the main coupling away from the middle connecting shaft assembly, and the two ends of the slave drive shaft are respectively connected to the end of the slave coupling away from the middle connecting shaft and the slave support frame.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes a main supporting device and a slave supporting device, the supporting seat assembly also includes a main base, and the supporting seat assembly also includes a slave base, the two ends of the main supporting device are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly facing the main supporting frame and the main base, and the two ends of the slave supporting device are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly facing the slave supporting frame and the slave base.

[0019] Optionally, the main support device includes at least one first support structure, the first support structure includes a first bearing seat, a first screw and a first spring, the first bearing seat is sleeved on the main drive shaft, the two ends of the first screw are respectively connected to the first bearing seat and the first spring, and the end of the first spring facing away from the first screw is connected to the main base; the structure of the slave support device is the same as that of the main support device.

[0020] Optionally, the main support device includes a second support structure, the second support structure includes a torsion arm, a torsion link and a connecting rod seat, the two ends of the torsion arm are respectively rotatably connected to the power drive device and the torsion link, the end of the torsion link facing away from the power drive device is rotatably connected to the connecting rod seat, and the end of the connecting rod seat facing away from the power drive device is connected to the main base.

[0021] Optionally, the laser cleaning device includes a laser cleaning head, which includes a laser cleaning head body, a dust suction outer shell, a dust suction inner shell and a dust suction pipe, the dust suction outer shell is arranged at the lower end of the laser cleaning head body, the dust suction inner shell is arranged inside the dust suction outer shell, a dust suction channel is formed between the dust suction inner shell and the dust suction outer shell, the dust suction pipe is arranged at one end of the dust suction outer shell facing the laser cleaning head body, and the dust suction pipe is connected to the dust suction channel.

[0022] Optionally, the diameter of the dust suction shell gradually decreases from one end of the dust suction shell toward the laser cleaning head body to one end of the dust suction shell away from the laser cleaning head body.

[0023] The present invention also relates to a method for cleaning a shaft component, which uses the shaft component laser cleaning device as described in any one of the above embodiments, and adopts the following steps:

[0024] Step S1, placing the shaft components to be cleaned on two driving wheel structures;

[0025] Step S2, making the laser cleaning head in the laser cleaning device perpendicular to the first end surface of the shaft component to be cleaned;

[0026] Step S3, the laser cleaning head outputs laser light to clean the first end surface at a set first moving speed until the first end surface is completely cleaned;

[0027] Step S4, the laser cleaning head is positioned directly above the center line of the shaft component to be cleaned near the first end surface, the shaft component to be cleaned rotates at an angular velocity w, and the laser cleaning head moves along the X-axis direction at a second moving velocity V to perform mobile cleaning on the shaft side surface of the shaft component to be cleaned;

[0028] Step S5, when the laser cleaning head moves to the transition zone of different radius shaft segments of the shaft component to be cleaned, the laser cleaning head rotates 30-60 degrees to make the laser cleaning head perpendicular to the surface of the transition zone and stops moving, and then the laser cleaning head continues to output laser to perform laser cleaning on the transition zone of the shaft component to be cleaned which rotates once at an angular velocity w until the transition zone is completely cleaned;

[0029] Step S6, the laser cleaning head rotates again to a position just above the cleaning area of ​​the next shaft section of the shaft component to be cleaned, and repeats step S4 to clean the next shaft section of the shaft component to be cleaned until the shaft side surface of the shaft component to be cleaned is completely cleaned;

[0030] Step S7, rotating the laser cleaning head to the second end face of the shaft component to be cleaned, and then repeating steps S2 and S3 in sequence.

[0031] Optionally, in step S3 and step S7, the width L of the laser linear spot emitted by the laser cleaning head is set to be greater than or equal to the diameter D of the first end face and the second end face.

[0032] Optionally, in step S4, the second moving speed V of the laser cleaning head is set to be ≤Lw / 2π. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3This is a second schematic diagram of a partial structure of a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting shaft assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a main supporting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a third schematic diagram of a partial structure of a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a laser cleaning head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a laser cleaning head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the steering structure of the driving wheel structure and the main friction wheel structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1-shaft components to be cleaned; 2-support seat assembly; 21-main support frame; 211-first main adjustment hole group; 212-second main adjustment hole group; 22-main base; 23-slave support frame; 231-first slave adjustment hole group; 232-second slave adjustment hole group; 24-slave base; 3-driving wheel structure; 31-first main rotating shaft; 32-first slave rotating shaft; 33-first main driving wheel; 34-first slave driving wheel; 35-second main rotating shaft; 36-second slave rotating shaft; 37-second main driving wheel; 38-second slave driving wheel; 41-main friction wheel; 42-slave friction wheel; 5-connecting shaft assembly; 51-middle connecting shaft; 52-main coupling; 53 -slave coupling; 54-slave drive shaft; 6-power drive device; 61-drive motor; 62-reducer; 63-main drive shaft; 7-main support device; 71-first support structure; 711-first bearing seat; 712-first screw; 713-first spring; 72-second support structure; 721-torque arm; 722-torque connecting rod; 723-connecting rod seat; 81-laser cleaning head; 811-laser cleaning head body; 812-dust suction outer shell; 813-dust suction inner shell; 814-dust suction pipe; 815-dust suction channel; 82-laser control cabinet; 83-mobile module; 84-machine arm; 9-workbench; 10-slave support device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that in the coordinate system XYZ provided herein, the positive direction of the X axis represents the right, the reverse direction of the X axis represents the left, the positive direction of the Y axis represents the front, the reverse direction of the Y axis represents the back, the positive direction of the Z axis represents the top, and the reverse direction of the Z axis represents the bottom; the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "embodiment", "one embodiment" and "one implementation" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or implementation are included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or implementations in a suitable manner.

[0048] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a laser cleaning device for shaft components, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0049] A support seat assembly 2, used for supporting a driving wheel structure 3;

[0050] Two driving wheel structures 3, the two driving wheel structures 3 are arranged on the support base assembly 2, and the two driving wheel structures 3 are suitable for being close to or far away from each other on the support base assembly 2, and the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is suitable for being placed between the two driving wheel structures 3;

[0051] A friction wheel structure, wherein the friction wheel structure is arranged tangentially to at least one of the driving wheel structures 3, and utilizes friction force to drive at least one of the driving wheel structures 3 to rotate;

[0052] A connecting shaft assembly 5, wherein the connecting shaft assembly 5 coaxially passes through the friction wheel structure;

[0053] a power drive device 6, wherein one end of the power drive device 6 is drivingly connected to the connecting shaft assembly 5 and is used to drive the connecting shaft assembly 5 to rotate;

[0054] A laser cleaning device, wherein the laser cleaning device is suitable for performing mobile laser cleaning on the shaft component 1 to be cleaned.

[0055] It should be noted that it also includes a workbench 9, and the support seat assembly 2 is installed on the workbench 9 by bolts. Since the workbench 9 is provided with mesh holes arranged in an array, the support seat assembly 2 can adjust the installation position on the workbench 9; the laser cleaning device includes a laser control cabinet 82, a mobile module 83, a robot arm 84 and a laser cleaning head 81, wherein the two ends of the robot arm 84 are respectively connected to the mobile module 83 and the laser cleaning head 81, and the mobile module 83 is used to drive the robot arm 84 to move horizontally. The mobile module 83 includes a support rail, a servo motor, a ball screw element and a moving slide plate, and the servo motor is arranged on one side of the lower end of the support rail, and the output shaft of the servo motor is drivingly connected to one end of the screw body in the ball screw element, and the screw in the ball screw element is connected to the laser cleaning head 81. The other end of the rod body is arranged on the bottom surface through a bearing mounting seat, the nut sleeve of the ball screw element is sleeved on the screw body, and the middle part of the lower end of the moving slide is connected to the nut seat, the front and rear sides of the moving slide are slidably connected to the support track, and the robot arm 84 is arranged on the upper part of the moving slide. When working, the servo motor drives the ball screw element to rotate, and then converts the rotational motion into linear motion through the ball screw element, and then drives the moving slide to drive the robot arm 84 to move horizontally; a laser control device is arranged inside the laser control cabinet 82, and the laser control device is electrically connected to the laser cleaning head 81, which is used to drive the laser cleaning head 81 to start or stop, wherein the robot arm 84 is a robot, which can drive the laser cleaning head 81 to rotate at various angles, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In this embodiment, two driving wheel structures 3 are arranged on the support seat assembly 2, and the two driving wheel structures 3 are suitable for being close to or far away from each other on the support seat assembly 2, that is, the spacing between the two driving wheel structures 3 can be adjusted. When the spacing between the two driving wheel structures 3 becomes smaller, it can adapt to the supporting operation of the shaft components 1 to be cleaned with a smaller diameter. When the spacing between the two driving wheel structures 3 becomes larger, it can adapt to the supporting operation of the shaft components 1 to be cleaned with a larger diameter. Thus, it can adapt to the supporting operation of the shaft components 1 to be cleaned with different diameters. The connecting shaft assembly 5 coaxially passes through the friction wheel structure, and the friction wheel structure and the driving wheel structure are connected. The moving wheel structure 3 is arranged tangentially, and the power driving device 6 is drivingly connected to the end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 extending out of the friction wheel structure, and then the power driving device 6 drives the friction wheel structure to rotate, and utilizes the friction force between the friction wheel structure and the driving wheel structure 3 to drive at least one of the driving wheel structures 3 to rotate, and then drives the shaft component 1 to be cleaned placed on the driving wheel structure 3 to rotate, so as to facilitate the laser cleaning device to perform mobile laser cleaning on the shaft component 1 to be cleaned in the rotating process, so as to realize the laser cleaning operation of the shaft components 1 to be cleaned with different diameters in the rotating process, and has a wide range of adaptability and strong compatibility.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the support seat assembly 2 includes a main support frame 21 and a secondary support frame 23 that are horizontally spaced apart, and the distance between the main support frame 21 and the secondary support frame 23 is less than or equal to the length of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned.

[0058] It should be noted that the support seat assembly 2 includes a main support frame 21 and a secondary support frame 23 which are arranged horizontally at intervals from left to right, wherein the spacing between the main support frame 21 and the secondary support frame 23 is less than or equal to the length of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, so that the shaft component 1 to be cleaned can be placed stably to prevent it from falling.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the two driving wheel structures 3 are respectively a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the first driving wheel includes a first main rotating shaft 31, a first slave rotating shaft 32, a first main driving wheel 33 and a first slave driving wheel 34, the second driving wheel includes a second main rotating shaft 35, a second slave rotating shaft 36, a second main driving wheel 37 and a second slave driving wheel 38, the first main driving wheel 33 and the second main driving wheel 37 are respectively arranged on the main support frame 21 through the first main rotating shaft 31 and the second main rotating shaft 35, the first slave driving wheel 34 and the second slave driving wheel 38 are respectively arranged on the slave supporting frame 23 through the first slave rotating shaft 32 and the second slave rotating shaft 36.

[0060] It should be noted that the number of main support frames 21 is 2, and they are arranged at intervals so as to support and place the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37, that is, the first main support wheel and the second main support wheel are respectively installed on the two relatively arranged main support frames 21 through the first main rotating shaft 31 and the second main rotating shaft 35; the number of slave support frames 23 is 2, and they are arranged at intervals so as to support and place the first slave drive wheel 34 and the second slave drive wheel 38, that is, the first slave drive wheel 34 and the second slave drive wheel 38 are respectively installed on the two relatively arranged slave support frames 23 through the first slave rotating shaft 32 and the second slave rotating shaft 36; and the first main support wheel and the second main support wheel as well as the first slave drive wheel 34 and the second slave drive wheel 38 are all arranged horizontally so as to stably place the shaft component 1 to be cleaned; and the first main support wheel and the second main support wheel are arranged at intervals, and the distance between the two can be adjusted on the main support seat, and the first slave support wheel and the second slave support wheel are arranged at intervals, and the distance between the two can be adjusted on the slave support seat.

[0061] In this embodiment, no matter one main drive wheel is tangential to the main friction wheel 41 and the other main drive wheel is alternately arranged with the main friction wheel 41, that is, the first main drive wheel 33 or the second main drive wheel 37 is tangential to the main friction wheel 41, or both main drive wheels are tangential to the main friction wheel 41, that is, the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37 are tangential to the main friction wheel 41, when the main friction wheel 41 rotates, the main drive wheel can drive the shaft component 1 to be cleaned to rotate; similarly, the positional relationship between the slave drive wheel and the slave friction wheel 42 is the same as the positional relationship between the main drive wheel and the main friction wheel 41.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the main support frame 21 is provided with a first main adjustment hole group 211 and a second main adjustment hole group 212 relatively, and the first main rotating shaft 31 and the second main rotating shaft 35 are respectively embedded in the first main adjustment hole group 211 and the second main adjustment hole group 212; the slave support frame 23 is provided with a first slave adjustment hole group 231 and a second slave adjustment hole group 232 relatively, and the first slave rotating shaft 32 and the second slave rotating shaft 36 are respectively embedded in the first slave adjustment hole group 231 and the second slave adjusting hole group 232.

[0063] It should be noted that the central axis of the connecting shaft assembly 5 is parallel to the X-axis, which is the left-right direction, and the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the connecting shaft assembly 5 in the horizontal plane is the Y-axis direction, which is the front-back direction. The first main adjustment hole group 211 and the second main adjustment hole group 212 are relatively arranged on the main support frame 21 front and back. The first main adjustment hole group 211 is a plurality of first main adjustment holes arranged in a rectangular or arc shape, and the second main adjustment hole group 212 includes a plurality of second main adjustment holes arranged in a rectangular or arc shape. The first main rotating shaft 31 and the second main rotating shaft 35 are respectively embedded in the first main adjustment hole group 211 and the second main adjustment hole group 212, that is, the specific installation position of the first main rotating shaft 31 in the plurality of first main adjustment holes and the second main rotating shaft 35 in the plurality of second main adjustment holes can be manually adjusted. The specific installation position of the main adjustment hole, so that the spacing between the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37 is adjustable; the first main adjustment hole group 211 and the first slave adjustment hole group 231 are respectively arranged on the front side of the main support frame 21 and the slave support frame 23, and the second main adjustment hole group 212 and the second slave adjustment hole group 232 are respectively arranged on the rear side of the main support frame 21 and the slave support frame 23; similarly, the specific installation position of the first slave shaft 32 in multiple first slave adjustment holes and the specific installation position of the second slave shaft 36 in multiple second slave adjustment holes can be manually adjusted, so that the spacing between the first slave drive wheel 34 and the second slave drive wheel 38 can be adjusted, so that shaft components 1 to be cleaned with different diameters can be supported.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the friction wheel structure includes a main friction wheel 41 and a slave friction wheel 42 , and both ends of the connecting shaft assembly 5 are connected to the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42 respectively.

[0065] It should be noted that the main friction wheel 41 is arranged between the two main support frames 21, the slave friction wheel 42 is arranged between the two slave support frames 23, and the two ends of the connecting shaft assembly 5 are respectively connected to the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42, and the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42 are suitable for synchronous rotation with the connecting shaft assembly 5, that is, the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42 are supported and fixed by the connecting shaft assembly 5; and then when the power drive device 6 is working, the connecting shaft assembly 5 is driven to rotate to drive the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42 to rotate.

[0066] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the supporting operation of the connecting shaft assembly 5 on the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42, a main mounting hole and a slave mounting hole are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the connecting shaft assembly 5 on the main support frame 21 and the slave support frame 23, that is, one end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 facing the main friction wheel 41 is inserted into the main mounting hole, and the other end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 facing the slave friction wheel 42 is inserted into the slave mounting hole.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the power drive device 6 includes a drive motor 61 and a reducer 62 , the drive motor 61 is drivingly connected to the input shaft of the reducer 62 , and the output shaft of the reducer 62 is drivingly connected to the connecting shaft assembly 5 .

[0068] It should be noted that the driving motor 61 is driven and connected to the input shaft of the reducer 62, and the output shaft of the reducer 62 is driven and connected to the connecting shaft assembly 5 toward one end of the reducer 62, so that the driving motor 61 drives the connecting shaft assembly 5 to rotate through the reducer 62, and the rotation of the connecting shaft assembly 5 drives the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42 to rotate synchronously.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the connecting shaft assembly 5 includes a middle connecting shaft 51, a main coupling 52, a slave coupling 53 and a slave drive shaft 54, and the two ends of the middle connecting shaft 51 are respectively connected to the main coupling 52 and the slave coupling 53, and the power drive device 6 includes a main drive shaft 63, and the main drive shaft 63 is connected to one end of the middle connecting shaft 51 and the main coupling 52 away from the middle connecting shaft 51 assembly 5, and the two ends of the slave drive shaft 54 ​​are respectively connected to one end of the slave coupling 53 away from the middle connecting shaft 51 and the slave support frame 23.

[0070] It should be noted that the main drive shaft 63 is an independent transmission shaft, that is, the two ends of the main drive shaft 63 are respectively connected to the output shaft of the reducer 62 and the main coupling 52, or the main drive shaft 63 is the output shaft of the reducer 62; the central axis of the connecting shaft assembly 5 is parallel to the X-axis direction, wherein the main friction wheel 41 is sleeved on the main drive shaft 63, and the slave friction wheel 42 is sleeved on the slave drive shaft 54. The rotation principle of the connecting shaft assembly 5 is: the driving motor 61 drives the input shaft of the reducer 62 to rotate, Then, the output shaft of the reducer 62 drives the main drive shaft 63 to rotate, and the rotation of the main drive shaft 63 drives the middle connecting shaft 51 to rotate through the main coupling 52, and the rotation of the middle connecting shaft 51 is rotated through the slave coupling 53 and the slave drive shaft 54, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the main friction wheel 41 and the slave friction wheel 42, and then driving the first main drive wheel 33, the second main drive wheel 37 and the first slave drive wheel 34 and the second slave drive wheel 38 to rotate respectively, and finally realizing the rotation of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned.

[0071] In this embodiment, if Fig. 9As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the steering position structure of the two main drive wheels and the main friction wheel 41, wherein the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37 are respectively arranged tangentially to the main friction wheel 41. When the connecting shaft assembly 5 rotates counterclockwise, the main friction wheel 41 is driven to rotate counterclockwise. Since the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37 are respectively arranged tangentially to the main friction wheel 41, the main friction wheel 41 uses friction to simultaneously drive the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37 to rotate clockwise. Since the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is suitable for being placed between the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37, the shaft component 1 to be cleaned will rotate counterclockwise; similarly, if the connecting shaft assembly 5 and the main friction wheel 41 rotate clockwise, the first main drive wheel 33 and the second main drive wheel 37 will rotate counterclockwise, and the shaft component 1 to be cleaned will rotate clockwise.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the laser cleaning equipment for shaft components also includes a main support device 7 and a slave support device 10, the support seat assembly 2 also includes a main base 22, and the support seat assembly 2 also includes a slave base 24. The two ends of the main support device 7 are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 facing the main support frame 21 and the main base 22, and the two ends of the slave support device 10 are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 facing the slave support frame 23 and the slave base 24.

[0073] It should be noted that the number of the main support frames 21 and the number of the slave support frames 23 are both 2, and the number of the main base 22 and the number of the slave base 24 are both 1, wherein the two main support frames 21 are arranged at intervals on the left and right and are vertically arranged on the main base 22, and the two slave support frames 23 are arranged at intervals on the left and right and are vertically arranged on the slave base 24; the two ends of the main support device 7 are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 facing the main support frame 21 and the main base 22, that is, the main support device 7 is arranged between the main drive shaft 63 and the main base 22, and the slave support The two ends of the device 10 are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly 5 facing the slave support frame 23 and the slave base 24, that is, the slave support device 10 is arranged between the slave drive shaft 54 ​​and the main base 22, and then through the joint action of the main support device 7 and the slave support device 10, the reducer 62, the main drive shaft 63, the main friction wheel 41, the main coupling 52, the middle connecting shaft 51, the slave coupling 53, the slave drive shaft 54 ​​and the slave friction wheel 42 are always in the same horizontal straight line, thereby ensuring the installation and operation stability of the laser cleaning equipment for shaft components.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the main support device 7 includes at least one first support structure 71, the first support structure 71 includes a first bearing seat 711, a first screw rod 712 and a first spring 713, the first bearing seat 711 is sleeved on the main drive shaft 63, the two ends of the first screw rod 712 are respectively connected to the first bearing seat 711 and the first spring 713, and the end of the first spring 713 facing away from the first screw rod 712 is connected to the main base 22; the structure of the slave support device 10 is the same as that of the main support device 7.

[0075] It should be noted that the number of the first support structures 71 is 1, 2 or more. When the number of the first support structures 71 is 2, they are respectively arranged between the end of the main drive shaft 63 facing the main coupling 52 and the main base 22, and between the end of the main drive shaft 63 away from the main coupling 52 and the main base 22, and the lower parts of the two main support frames 21 are provided with arched openings to facilitate the installation of the main friction wheel 41 and the first support structure 71; similarly, the lower parts of the two slave support frames 23 are provided with arched openings to facilitate the installation of the slave friction wheel 42 and the slave support device 10, wherein the slave support device 10 has the same structure as the main support device 7, that is, the slave support device 10 includes at least one third support structure, and the third support structure has the same structure as the first support structure 71, and the at least one first support structure 71 in the main support device 7 and the at least one third support structure in the slave support device 10 work together to not only support the entire connecting shaft assembly 5, but also stabilize the positions of the main coupling 52 and the slave coupling 53 respectively.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first support structure 71 includes a first bearing seat 711, a first screw rod 712 and a first spring 713, wherein the first spring 713 is a butterfly spring or a compression spring, the upper portion of the first bearing seat 711 is sleeved on the main drive shaft 63, and the upper and lower ends of the first screw rod 712 are detachably connected to the lower end of the first bearing seat 711 and the upper end of the first spring 713, respectively, that is, the lower end of the first spring 713 can be connected to the base by threaded connection, hook connection, clamping connection, etc.; In order to prevent the first spring 713 from horizontal displacement when being compressed, the support seat assembly 2 further includes a main support and a slave support, and both the main support and the slave support are channel steels. When the first spring 713 is a butterfly spring, the outer sleeve of the first screw rod 712 is provided with a positioning nut, and the lower structure of the first screw rod 712 located at the positioning nut is embedded in the first spring 713, and the upper ends of the first spring 713 are respectively against the positioning nut and the main support, and the lower end of the first screw rod 712 passes through the main support; the slave support device 1 The lower end of the third supporting structure in 0 is connected to the slave support; when working, since the two driving wheel structures 3 are suitable for preventing the shaft components 1 to be cleaned, the force-bearing parts of the connecting shaft assembly 5, namely the main coupling 52 and the slave coupling 53, will produce a small up and down displacement. Therefore, the first supporting structure 71 of the main supporting device 7 and the third supporting structure of the slave supporting device 10 can be slightly displaced up and down with the connecting shaft assembly 5 to stabilize the connecting shaft assembly 5 and prevent the connecting shaft assembly 5 from being damaged due to long-term displacement and deformation, thereby affecting the cleaning effect of the laser cleaning device on the shaft components 1 to be cleaned; that is, the first supporting structure 71 in the main supporting device 7 and the third supporting structure in the slave supporting device 10 not only play a supporting role for the connecting shaft assembly 5, but also can reduce the displacement and deformation of the connecting shaft assembly 5, correspondingly extend the service life of the connecting shaft assembly 5, and ensure the cleaning quality of the shaft components 1 to be cleaned. The third supporting structure in the slave supporting device 10 is the same as the first supporting structure 71, and will not be elaborated here.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the main support device 7 includes a second support structure 72, and the second support structure 72 includes a torsion arm 721, a torsion link 722 and a link seat 723. The two ends of the torsion arm 721 are respectively connected to the power drive device 6 and the torsion link 722, and the end of the torsion link 722 facing away from the power drive device 6 is rotatably connected to the link seat 723, and the end of the link seat 723 facing away from the power drive device 6 is connected to the main base 22.

[0078] It should be noted that the second supporting structure 72 is used to stabilize the reducer 62 and reduce the pressure on the main coupling 52 caused by the small vibration of the reducer 62 during operation; wherein, the end of the torque arm 721 facing the reducer 62 is connected to the end of the reducer 62 by a screw, and the end of the torque arm 721 away from the reducer 62 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the torque link 722, and the lower end of the torque link 722 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting rod seat 723, and the lower end of the connecting rod seat 723 is fixedly mounted on the main base 22; when the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is placed above the two driving wheel structures 3, due to the action of gravity, the first main driving wheel 33, the second main driving wheel 37 and the first slave driving wheel 34, the second slave driving wheel 38 all produce a small downward displacement, and when the drive motor 61 works to drive the reducer 62 to drive the connecting shaft assembly 5 to rotate, the reducer 62 will produce a small displacement, and the torque arm 721 and the torque link 722 can be rotated slightly to stabilize the position of the reducer 62. That is, the first support structure 71 in the main support device 7, the third support structure in the slave support device 10, and the torque arm 721 and the torque link 722 in the second support structure 72 work together to ensure that the reducer 62, the main friction wheel 41, the main coupling 52, the middle connecting shaft 51, the coupling, the slave drive shaft 54, and the slave friction wheel 42 are always located in a straight line.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the laser cleaning device includes a laser cleaning head 81, and the laser cleaning head 81 includes a laser cleaning head body 811, a dust suction shell 812, a dust suction inner shell 813 and a dust suction pipe 814. The dust suction shell 812 is arranged at the lower end of the laser cleaning head body 811, the dust suction inner shell 813 is arranged inside the dust suction shell 812, and a dust suction channel 815 is formed between the dust suction inner shell 813 and the dust suction shell 812. The dust suction pipe 814 is arranged at one end of the dust suction shell 812 facing the laser cleaning head body 811, and the dust suction pipe 814 is connected to the dust suction channel 815.

[0080] It should be noted that the laser controller cabinet is used to control the start or stop of the laser cleaning head main body 811 in the laser cleaning head 81, that is, to emit laser or stop outputting laser; the laser cleaning head 81 main body can adopt the laser head in the prior art for outputting laser, which will not be described in detail here; wherein, the dust suction shell 812 is connected to the shell of the laser cleaning head 81 main body, that is, it can be connected by bolts or by bonding, etc., and the dust suction inner shell 813 is detachably arranged inside the dust suction shell 812 through a connecting rod or other structure. The dust suction shell 812 and the dust suction inner shell 813 are both inverted and hollow tetrahedral structures, wherein the laser emitted by the laser cleaning head 81 main body The light beam passes through the inner center of the dust suction inner shell 813. The dust suction channel 815 between the dust suction inner shell 813 and the dust suction outer shell 812 is a rectangular annular channel. The end of the dust suction pipe 814 facing away from the dust suction outer shell 812 is connected to an external dust removal fan. When the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is cleaned, the laser cleaning head 81 body generates laser to perform laser dust removal and impurities removal on the shaft component 1 to be cleaned. At this time, a large amount of dust will be generated on the surface of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned. The external dust removal fan works to make the dust suction pipe 814 generate negative pressure, and then the large amount of dust is sucked in and discharged from the dust suction pipe 814 through the dust suction channel 815, thereby avoiding a large amount of dust from contaminating the laser cleaning head 81 body.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the dust suction shell 812 gradually decreases from one end of the dust suction shell 812 toward the laser cleaning head body 811 to one end of the dust suction shell 812 away from the laser cleaning head body 811 .

[0082] It should be noted that since the diameter of the dust suction shell 812 gradually decreases from one end toward the laser cleaning head body 811 to the end away from the laser cleaning head body 811, the amount of dust entering the laser cleaning head 81 during the laser cleaning process can be effectively reduced.

[0083] The present invention also provides a method for cleaning shaft components, using the shaft component laser cleaning equipment as described in the above embodiments, and using the following steps:

[0084] Step S1, placing the shaft component 1 to be cleaned on two driving wheel structures 3;

[0085] That is, according to the diameter of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, the distance between the two driving wheel structures 3 is adjusted so that the shaft component 1 to be cleaned can be stably placed on the two driving wheel structures 3;

[0086] Step S2, making the laser cleaning head 81 in the laser cleaning device perpendicular to the first end surface of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned;

[0087] That is, if the first end face is the left end face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, then the second end face is the right end face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned; or if the first end face is the right end face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, then the second end face is the left end face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned; the first end face is cleaned using the laser emitted by the laser cleaning head 81, and the width direction of the laser spot is parallel to the central axis of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned.

[0088] Step S3, the laser cleaning head 81 outputs laser light to clean the first end surface at a set first moving speed until the first end surface is completely cleaned;

[0089] That is, the distance between the laser cleaning head 81 and the first end face is set as the working distance of the laser cleaning head 81, the laser output energy density is set to be greater than the cleaning threshold of the dirt and less than the damage threshold of the substrate, the laser cleaning head 81 outputs laser, and the laser cleaning head 81 is controlled to clean the end face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned from bottom to top at a movement speed of 5-30mm / s until the dirt on the first end face is completely cleaned.

[0090] Step S4, the laser cleaning head 81 is positioned directly above the center line of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned close to the first end surface, the shaft component 1 to be cleaned rotates at an angular velocity w, and the laser cleaning head 81 moves along the X-axis direction at a second moving velocity V to perform mobile cleaning on the shaft side surface of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned;

[0091] That is, the laser cleaning head 81 is perpendicular to the central axis of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned. When the laser cleaning head 81 is located directly above the center line of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned close to the first end face, the two driving wheel structures 3 rotate to drive the shaft component 1 to be cleaned to rotate at an angular velocity w, and the laser output energy density is set to be greater than the cleaning threshold of the dirt and less than the damage threshold of the substrate. After the shaft component 1 to be cleaned rotates one circle, the laser cleaning head 81 moves along the adjacent shaft component 1 at a second moving speed V. Figure 1 The X-axis of the central coordinate system moves rightward at a uniform speed, and the second moving speed V≤Lw / 2π is set to ensure that the shaft component 1 to be cleaned can be completely cleaned.

[0092] Step S5, when the laser cleaning head 81 moves to the transition zone of different radius shaft segments of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, the laser cleaning head 81 rotates 30-60 degrees to make the laser cleaning head 81 perpendicular to the surface of the transition zone and stops moving, and then the laser cleaning head 81 continuously outputs laser to perform laser cleaning on the transition zone of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned which rotates once at an angular velocity w until the transition zone is completely cleaned;

[0093] That is, since the shaft component 1 to be cleaned has multiple sections and transition zones with different diameters, when the laser cleaning head 81 moves to the transition zone of different radius sections of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, the laser cleaning head 81 rotates 30-60°, so that the laser cleaning head 81 can be perpendicular to the transition zone, which facilitates the cleaning of the transition zone.

[0094] Step S6, the laser cleaning head 81 rotates again to the position just above the cleaning area of ​​the next shaft section of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, and repeats step S4 to clean the next shaft section of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, until the shaft side surface of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is completely cleaned;

[0095] That is, when the laser cleaning head 81 rotates again to the position directly above the cleaning area of ​​the next shaft segment of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, and repeats step S4, the laser cleaning head 81 moves along the X-axis direction at a second moving speed V to move and clean the next shaft segment of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned.

[0096] Step S7, rotate the laser cleaning head 81 to the second end surface of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, and then repeat steps S2 and S3 in sequence.

[0097] That is, when the entire axial side surface of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is completely cleaned, the laser cleaning head 81 rotates perpendicular to the second end face, and steps S2 and S3 are repeated in sequence to clean the right end face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned from top to bottom. After cleaning is completed, the laser cleaning head 81 returns to the starting position of step S2.

[0098] In this embodiment, the first end face, i.e., the left end face, of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is first laser cleaned by the laser cleaning head 81, and then the shaft side face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is moved horizontally to the right along the X-axis for cleaning, and finally the second end face, i.e., the right end face, of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is laser cleaned; or the second end face, i.e., the right end face, of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is first laser cleaned by the laser cleaning head 81, and then the shaft side face of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is moved horizontally to the left along the X-axis for cleaning, and finally the first end face, i.e., the left end face, of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned is laser cleaned.

[0099] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3 and step S7, the width L of the laser linear spot emitted by the laser cleaning head 81 is set to be greater than or equal to the diameter D of the first end face and the second end face.

[0100] It should be noted that the laser linear spot width L emitted by the laser cleaning head 81 is set to be greater than or equal to the end face diameter D of the shaft component 1 to be cleaned, so as to ensure that the spot trajectory during the movement of the laser cleaning head 81 can completely cover the entire first end face.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the second moving speed V of the laser cleaning head 81 is set to be less than or equal to Lw / 2π.

[0102] It should be noted that, by setting the second moving speed of the laser cleaning head 81 , its moving speed V≤Lw / 2π, so as to ensure that the shaft component 1 to be cleaned can be completely cleaned.

[0103] Although the disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning device for shaft components, characterized in that: include: A support seat assembly (2) for supporting a driving wheel structure (3); Two driving wheel structures (3), the two driving wheel structures (3) being arranged on the support base assembly (2), and the two driving wheel structures (3) being suitable for being close to or far away from each other on the support base assembly (2), and the shaft component (1) to be cleaned being suitable for being placed between the two driving wheel structures (3); a friction wheel structure, the friction wheel structure being arranged tangentially to at least one of the driving wheel structures (3) and utilizing friction force to drive at least one of the driving wheel structures (3) to rotate; A connecting shaft assembly (5), the connecting shaft assembly (5) coaxially passing through the friction wheel structure; a power drive device (6), wherein one end of the power drive device (6) is drivably connected to the connecting shaft assembly (5) and is used to drive the connecting shaft assembly (5) to rotate; A laser cleaning device, wherein the laser cleaning device is suitable for performing mobile laser cleaning on the shaft component (1) to be cleaned; The support seat assembly (2) comprises a main support frame (21) and a secondary support frame (23) which are horizontally spaced apart, and the distance between the main support frame (21) and the secondary support frame (23) is less than or equal to the length of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned; The two driving wheel structures (3) are respectively a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, the first driving wheel comprising a first main rotating shaft (31), a first slave rotating shaft (32), a first main driving wheel (33) and a first slave driving wheel (34), the second driving wheel comprising a second main rotating shaft (35), a second slave rotating shaft (36), a second main driving wheel (37) and a second slave driving wheel (38), the first main driving wheel (33) and the second main driving wheel (37) being respectively arranged on the main support frame (21) via the first main rotating shaft (31) and the second main rotating shaft (35), the first slave driving wheel (34) and the second slave driving wheel (38) being respectively arranged on the slave supporting frame (23) via the first slave rotating shaft (32) and the second slave rotating shaft (36); The main support frame (21) is provided with a first main adjustment hole group (211) and a second main adjustment hole group (212) in opposite relation, and the first main rotating shaft (31) and the second main rotating shaft (35) are respectively embedded in the first main adjustment hole group (211) and the second main adjustment hole group (212) to achieve an adjustable spacing between the first main driving wheel (33) and the second main driving wheel (37); the slave support frame (23) is provided with a first slave adjustment hole group (231) and a second slave adjustment hole group (232) in opposite relation, and the first slave rotating shaft (32) and the second slave rotating shaft (36) are respectively embedded in the first slave adjustment hole group (231) and the second slave adjustment hole group (232) to achieve an adjustable spacing between the first slave driving wheel (34) and the second slave driving wheel (38); The shaft component laser cleaning device further comprises a main support device (7) and a slave support device (10), the support seat assembly (2) further comprises a main base (22), the support seat assembly (2) further comprises a slave base (24), two ends of the main support device (7) are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly (5) facing the main support frame (21) and the main base (22), and two ends of the slave support device (10) are respectively connected to one end of the connecting shaft assembly (5) facing the slave support frame (23) and the slave base (24); The main support device (7) comprises a second support structure (72) and at least one first support structure (71); the first support structure (71) comprises a first bearing seat (711), a first screw rod (712) and a first spring (713); the first bearing seat (711) is sleeved on a main drive shaft (63) of the power drive device (6); two ends of the first screw rod (712) are respectively connected to the first bearing seat (711) and the first spring (713); an end of the first spring (713) facing away from the first screw rod (712) is connected to the main base (22); the slave support device (10) has the same structure as the main support device (7); The second supporting structure (72) comprises a torsion arm (721), a torsion connecting rod (722) and a connecting rod seat (723); two ends of the torsion arm (721) are rotatably connected to the power drive device (6) and the torsion connecting rod (722) respectively; one end of the torsion connecting rod (722) facing away from the power drive device (6) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod seat (723); and one end of the connecting rod seat (723) facing away from the power drive device (6) is connected to the main base (22).

2. The laser cleaning equipment for shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction wheel structure comprises a main friction wheel (41) and a slave friction wheel (42), and two ends of the connecting shaft assembly (5) are respectively connected to the main friction wheel (41) and the slave friction wheel (42).

3. The laser cleaning equipment for shaft components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power drive device (6) comprises a drive motor (61) and a reducer (62); the drive motor (61) is drivingly connected to an input shaft of the reducer (62); and the output shaft of the reducer (62) is drivingly connected to the connecting shaft assembly (5).

4. The laser cleaning equipment for shaft components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting shaft assembly (5) comprises a middle connecting shaft (51), a main coupling (52), a slave coupling (53) and a slave drive shaft (54); two ends of the middle connecting shaft (51) are respectively connected to the main coupling (52) and the slave coupling (53); the power drive device (6) comprises a main drive shaft (63); one end of the main drive shaft (63) facing the middle connecting shaft (51) is connected to one end of the main coupling (52) facing away from the middle connecting shaft (51); and two ends of the slave drive shaft (54) are respectively connected to one end of the slave coupling (53) facing away from the middle connecting shaft (51) and the slave support frame (23).

5. The laser cleaning equipment for shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cleaning device comprises a laser cleaning head (81), wherein the laser cleaning head (81) comprises a laser cleaning head body (811), a dust suction shell (812), a dust suction inner shell (813) and a dust suction pipe (814); the dust suction shell (812) is arranged at the lower end of the laser cleaning head body (811); the dust suction inner shell (813) is arranged inside the dust suction shell (812); a dust suction channel (815) is formed between the dust suction inner shell (813) and the dust suction shell (812); the dust suction pipe (814) is arranged at one end of the dust suction shell (812) facing the laser cleaning head body (811), and the dust suction pipe (814) is connected to the dust suction channel (815).

6. The laser cleaning equipment for shaft components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the dust suction shell (812) gradually decreases from one end facing the laser cleaning head body (811) to one end of the dust suction shell (812) facing away from the laser cleaning head body (811).

7. A method for cleaning shaft components, using the shaft component laser cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Use the following steps: Step S1, placing the shaft component (1) to be cleaned on two driving wheel structures (3); Step S2, making the laser cleaning head (81) in the laser cleaning device perpendicular to the first end surface of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned; Step S3, the laser cleaning head (81) outputs laser light to clean the first end surface at a set first moving speed until the first end surface is completely cleaned; Step S4, the laser cleaning head (81) is positioned just above the center line of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned and close to the first end surface, the shaft component (1) to be cleaned rotates at an angular velocity w, and the laser cleaning head (81) moves along the X-axis at a second moving velocity V to perform mobile cleaning on the shaft side surface of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned; Step S5, when the laser cleaning head (81) moves to the transition zone of the shaft segments with different radii of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned, the laser cleaning head (81) rotates 30-60 degrees so that the laser cleaning head (81) is perpendicular to the surface of the transition zone and stops moving, and then the laser cleaning head (81) continuously outputs laser light to perform laser cleaning on the transition zone of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned which rotates at an angular velocity w for one circle until the transition zone is completely cleaned; Step S6, the laser cleaning head (81) is rotated again to a position directly above the cleaning area of ​​the next shaft section of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned, and step S4 is repeated to clean the next shaft section of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned, until the shaft side surface of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned is completely cleaned; Step S7, rotating the laser cleaning head (81) to the second end surface of the shaft component (1) to be cleaned, and then repeating steps S2 and S3 in sequence.

8. The method for cleaning shaft components according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3 and step S7, the width L of the laser linear spot emitted by the laser cleaning head (81) is set to be greater than or equal to the diameter D of the first end face and the second end face.

9. The method for cleaning shaft components according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the second moving speed V of the laser cleaning head (81) is set to be ≤Lw / 2π.

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