A machine tool and a fixture for producing a tilting pad

Abstract

The present application discloses a fixture for producing inclined pads, including a base plate and a fixed surface assembly and a moving surface assembly mounted on the base plate; the fixed surface assembly includes a detachably connected fixed surface baffle and a fixed surface inclined block, and the moving surface assembly includes a detachably connected moving surface baffle and a moving surface inclined block; the fixed surface inclined block and the moving surface inclined block are both provided with inclined surfaces at positions close to each other, the inclined surface of the moving surface inclined block faces downward, and the inclined surface of the fixed surface inclined block faces upward, and the moving surface inclined block can slide up and down relative to the moving surface baffle to release or press the inclined pad to be processed. The fixture provided in the present application adopts a combination of a fixed surface assembly and a moving surface assembly, and the pad blank naturally produces an inclination after clamping, and a high-speed flying cutter for machining a plane can quickly machine the angles of the two sides of the inclined pad, making the machining of the inclined pad more convenient and effectively improving the machining efficiency. The present application also discloses a machine tool including the above-mentioned fixture for producing inclined pads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pad processing equipment, and in particular to a fixture for producing tilting pads. In addition, the present application also relates to a machine tool comprising the fixture for producing tilting pads. Background Art

[0002] When the factory produces EL2728, EL3158, EL5089, EL2714 and other plum blossom-shaped profiles, due to the complex shapes of the profiles, special iron pads are needed during stretching. Because the material of this type of product requires 7 series ultra-hard aluminum alloy, the loss of pads during production is also large (nearly 300 pieces are processed each year). During the processing of the pads, the two sides of the bevel (commonly used is 44 0 and 58 0 ) is not easy to process. The existing milling machine method for processing the bevel of the pad is: turn the spindle head of the end milling machine to a required angle. After the spindle head of the end milling machine is tilted, it can only use longitudinal feed and use an end milling cutter to process the required bevel. However, the existing processing method has the following problems:

[0003] 1. Milling machines are easily damaged

[0004] Since the longitudinal feed stroke of the milling machine is short (250mm), which is shorter than the length of the workpiece, in order to process a bevel that meets the requirements of the drawing in one clamping, the operator must remove the stroke limit switch of the milling machine during processing to allow the longitudinal stroke of the milling machine to reach the limit. In this way, the screw rod and nut of the longitudinal feed of the milling machine are easily damaged.

[0005] 2. Slow processing speed

[0006] When using end mills, because the tool has a small processing capacity, if the cutting depth is large and the speed is fast, the tool will easily break. All end mills can only be used for high-speed processing with a small cutting depth or slow processing with a large cutting depth (it takes more than 30 minutes to process such a bevel at a time).

[0007] 3. Poor machining accuracy

[0008] The end mills commonly used in workshops are mainly made of high-speed steel (low tool cost). The wear resistance of tools made of this material is low. The tool needs to be reground after processing 10 pieces at most. During the regrounding process, the operator holds the milling cutter and manually grinds it on the grinding wheel. The cylindricity of the tool after reground is poor, and the tool error directly affects the processing error. Therefore, the error of the bevel degree in the past was more than ±20, and the surface after processing was also very rough.

[0009] Therefore, how to improve the processing efficiency of the inclined pad is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field currently need to solve.

[0010] Application Contents

[0011] The purpose of the present application is to provide a fixture for producing tilting pads, which can effectively avoid damage to the screw and nut caused by the longitudinal feed of the milling machine, and can effectively improve the processing efficiency and processing accuracy of the tilting pads. Another purpose of the present application is to provide a machine tool including the above-mentioned fixture for producing tilting pads.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0013] A fixture for producing inclined pads, comprising a base plate and a fixed surface assembly and a dynamic surface assembly mounted on the base plate; the fixed surface assembly comprises a detachably connected fixed surface baffle and a fixed surface inclined block, and the dynamic surface assembly comprises a detachably connected dynamic surface baffle and a dynamic surface inclined block; inclined surfaces are provided at positions where the fixed surface inclined block and the dynamic surface inclined block are close to each other, the inclined surface of the dynamic surface inclined block faces downward, and the inclined surface of the fixed surface inclined block faces upward, and the dynamic surface inclined block can slide up and down relative to the dynamic surface baffle to release or press the inclined pad to be processed.

[0014] Preferably, the dynamic surface baffle is provided with a strip hole extending in the vertical direction, and the dynamic surface baffle and the dynamic surface inclined block are detachably connected via a dynamic surface screw penetrating through the strip hole.

[0015] Preferably, a fastening spring is provided between the nut of the moving surface screw and the moving surface baffle plate, and after the moving surface baffle plate and the moving surface inclined block are assembled, the fastening spring is in a compressed state to make the moving surface inclined block close to the side surface of the moving surface baffle plate.

[0016] Preferably, an annular gasket is sleeved on the movable face screw, the diameter of the gasket is larger than the width of the strip hole, and one end of the fastening spring abuts against the nut, and the other end abuts against the gasket.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom plate and the fixed surface baffle plate, as well as the bottom plate and the dynamic surface baffle plate are connected by assembly screws, and the assembly screws penetrate through the bottom of the bottom plate and are connected to the corresponding fixed surface baffle plate or the dynamic surface baffle plate.

[0018] Preferably, the moving surface inclined block is provided with a clamping screw which penetrates longitudinally thereof and can be installed on the base plate. When the clamping bolt is screwed into the base plate, it can drive the moving surface inclined block to move towards the base plate to clamp the inclined pad.

[0019] Preferably, a return spring is provided between the moving surface inclined block and the bottom plate, and when the clamping bolt is screwed out of the bottom plate, the return spring can support the moving surface inclined block to move away from the bottom plate.

[0020] Preferably, a limiting pin is also installed at the bottom of the moving surface inclined block, and the limiting pin extends in the longitudinal direction.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a detachable pad installed between the dynamic surface slope block and the dynamic surface baffle.

[0022] The present application also provides a machine tool, comprising any one of the above-mentioned fixtures for producing inclined pads and a stepped welded alloy cutter body.

[0023] The fixture provided by the present application for producing inclined pads includes a base plate and a fixed surface assembly and a moving surface assembly installed on the base plate; the fixed surface assembly includes a detachably connected fixed surface baffle and a fixed surface inclined block, and the moving surface assembly includes a detachably connected moving surface baffle and a moving surface inclined block; the fixed surface inclined block and the moving surface inclined block are both provided with inclined surfaces at positions close to each other, the inclined surface of the moving surface inclined block faces downward, and the inclined surface of the fixed surface inclined block faces upward, and the moving surface inclined block can slide up and down relative to the moving surface baffle to release or press the inclined pad to be processed. The fixture provided by the present application adopts a combination of the fixed surface assembly and the moving surface assembly, and the pad blank naturally produces an inclination after clamping. In this way, when the milling machine is used for processing, only the milling machine needs to be fed horizontally, and the milling head of the milling machine does not need to adjust the angle, and the flying cutter for high-speed plane processing can quickly process the angles on both sides of the inclined pad, making the processing of the inclined pad more convenient and effectively improving the processing efficiency.

[0024] The machine tool provided in the present application is provided with the above-mentioned fixture for producing tilting pads. Since the fixture for producing tilting pads has the above-mentioned technical effects, the machine tool provided with the fixture for producing tilting pads should also have corresponding technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of a fixture for producing an inclined pad provided in the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 a top view of the fixture shown;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section schematic diagram of the fixture shown;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the K direction of the fixture shown;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 1 a left side view of the fixture shown;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixture for producing the inclined pad provided in the present application after the pad is installed;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the stepped blade body provided in this application;

[0033] Among them: 1-base plate, 2-fixed surface baffle, 3-fixed surface screw, 4-fixed surface inclined block, 5-positioning key, 6-positioning screw, 7-limit pin, 8-tensioning screw, 9-reset spring, 10-workpiece, 11-moving surface inclined block, 12-moving surface baffle, 13-moving surface screw, 14-fastening spring, 15-positioning pin, 16-assembly screw, 17-shim, 18-tool body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The core of this application is to provide a fixture for producing tilting pads, which can significantly improve the processing efficiency and processing accuracy of tilting pads, reduce damage to milling machines, and reduce processing costs. Another core of this application is to provide a machine tool including the above-mentioned fixture for producing tilting pads.

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of a fixture for producing an inclined pad provided in the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 a top view of the fixture shown; Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section schematic diagram of the fixture shown; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the K direction of the fixture shown; Figure 5 for Figure 1 a left side view of the fixture shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixture for producing the inclined pad provided in the present application after the pad is installed; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stepped blade body provided in this application.

[0037] In this embodiment, a fixture for producing an inclined pad includes a base plate 1, a dynamic surface assembly and a fixed surface assembly, both of which are mounted on the base plate 1; specifically, the fixed surface assembly includes a detachably connected fixed surface baffle 2 and a fixed surface inclined block 4, the fixed surface baffle 2 is preferably rectangular, the fixed surface inclined block 4 is mounted on the side of the fixed surface baffle 2, the fixed surface baffle 2 and the fixed surface inclined block 4 can be connected specifically by using a fixed surface screw 3, the fixed surface screw 3 passes through the side of the fixed surface baffle 2 and is assembled with the fixed surface inclined block 4; the dynamic surface assembly includes a detachably connected dynamic surface baffle 12 and a dynamic surface inclined block 11, the dynamic surface baffle 12 is preferably rectangular, the dynamic surface inclined block 11 is mounted on the side of the dynamic surface baffle 12, the dynamic surface baffle 12 and the dynamic surface inclined block 11 can be connected specifically by using a dynamic surface screw 13, the dynamic surface screw 13 passes through the side of the dynamic surface baffle 12 and is assembled with the dynamic surface inclined block 11.

[0038] Furthermore, inclined surfaces are provided at positions where the fixed surface inclined block 4 and the dynamic surface inclined block 11 are close to each other. Preferably, the inclined surface on the fixed surface inclined block 4 and the inclined surface on the dynamic surface inclined block 11 are parallel to each other, that is, an inclined space with a pair of parallel surfaces is formed between the fixed surface inclined block 4 and the dynamic surface inclined block 11, and the inclined surface of the dynamic surface inclined block 11 faces downward, and the inclined surface of the fixed surface inclined block 4 faces upward, which is convenient for the installation of the cushion block. The dynamic surface inclined block 11 can slide up and down relative to the dynamic surface baffle 12 to release or press the workpiece 10 to be processed, that is, to tilt the cushion block.

[0039] The fixture provided in the present application adopts a combination of a fixed surface component and a dynamic surface component. After clamping is completed, the pad blank naturally produces an inclination. In this way, when processing on a milling machine, only the milling machine needs to be fed horizontally, and the milling head of the milling machine does not need to be angled. In addition, a high-speed flying cutter for processing a plane can be used to quickly process the angles on both sides of the inclined pad. The processing of the inclined pad is more convenient, and the processing efficiency is effectively improved.

[0040] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, a strip hole extending in the vertical direction is provided on the dynamic surface baffle plate 12, and the dynamic surface baffle plate 12 and the dynamic surface inclined block 11 are detachably connected by a dynamic surface screw 13, and the dynamic surface screw 13 passes through the strip hole. When the dynamic surface inclined block 11 moves up and down, the dynamic surface screw 13 moves up and down in the strip hole following the dynamic surface inclined block 11.

[0041] Furthermore, a fastening spring 14 is provided between the nut of the dynamic surface screw 13 and the dynamic surface baffle 12 . After the dynamic surface baffle 12 and the dynamic surface inclined block 11 are assembled, the fastening spring 14 is in a compressed state to make the dynamic surface inclined block 11 close to the side of the dynamic surface baffle 12 .

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, an annular gasket is sleeved on the movable face screw 13, the diameter of the gasket is larger than the width of the strip hole, and one end of the fastening spring 14 abuts against the nut and the other end abuts against the gasket, so that the tensile force of the fastening spring 14 is applied to the gasket.

[0043] Based on the above embodiments, the bottom plate 1 and the fixed surface baffle 2, as well as the bottom plate 1 and the dynamic surface baffle 12 are connected by assembly screws 16. The assembly screws 16 pass through the bottom of the bottom plate 1 and are connected to the corresponding fixed surface baffle 2 or dynamic surface baffle 12.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, the dynamic surface inclined block 11 is provided with a clamping screw 8 which penetrates through it longitudinally and can be installed on the base plate 1. When the clamping bolt is screwed into the base plate 1, it can drive the dynamic surface inclined block 11 to move toward the base plate 1 to clamp the inclined pad.

[0045] On the basis of the above embodiments, a return spring 9 is provided between the moving surface bevel block 11 and the base plate 1 , and when the clamping bolt is screwed out of the base plate 1 , the return spring 9 can support the moving surface bevel block 11 to move away from the base plate 1 .

[0046] It should be noted that the height of the fixed surface inclined block 4 can be the same as the height of the fixed surface baffle 2, and the height of the dynamic surface inclined block 11 should be lower than the height of the dynamic surface baffle 12 to facilitate the up and down movement of the dynamic surface inclined block 11.

[0047] On the basis of the above embodiments, a limit pin 7 is further installed at the bottom of the moving surface inclined block 11 , and the limit pin 7 extends longitudinally. Specifically, the limit pin 7 can change the limit height by changing the length of the limit pin 7 screwed into the moving surface inclined block 11 .

[0048] On the basis of the above embodiments, it further includes a detachable pad 17 installed between the dynamic surface inclined block 11 and the dynamic surface baffle 12 .

[0049] Specifically, for different types of cushion blocks, their heights and angles are different. When cushion blocks with different angles need to be processed, it is only necessary to remove the moving surface inclined block 11 and the fixed surface inclined block 4, and reinstall a pair of moving surface inclined blocks 11 and fixed surface inclined blocks 4 with the same angles, and then a cushion block with another angle can be processed. If the thickness of the two cushion blocks is different, it is necessary to add a pad 17 between the fixed surface inclined block 4 and the fixed surface baffle 2, such as Figure 6 As shown, this is because the design is based on the highest size of the pad.

[0050] Specifically, the processing of the main parts in the fixture: in order to save materials and facilitate processing, first use a milling machine and a grinder to process a base plate 1 and two baffles. The baffles are divided into a fixed surface baffle 2 and a dynamic surface baffle 12. The baffle and the base plate 1 are connected as a whole with pins and assembly screws 16 to form a groove; then according to the angle of the pad, use wire cutting to cut it open to obtain the required two inclined blocks. The two inclined blocks are drilled and milled with a milling machine to produce a pre-designed shape. Finally, all the parts are assembled together to form the special fixture we need.

[0051] The main structure and assembly of the clamp: After the base plate 1 is connected to the fixed surface baffle 2 and the dynamic surface baffle 12 with the positioning pins 15 and the assembly screws 16, in order to facilitate the upper and lower workpieces 10 and prevent iron filings from falling into the joint surface, the processed fixed surface bevel block 4 and the fixed surface baffle 2 are fixed together with the dynamic surface screws 13, and the dynamic surface bevel block 11 and the dynamic surface baffle 12 are fixed with the fixed surface and dynamic surface screws 13 and the tightening spring 14, so that the dynamic surface bevel block 11 can slide up and down and the two surfaces are in contact, and then the reset spring 9, the limit pin 7 and the clamping screw 8 are installed, and finally the positioning key 5 is fixed with the positioning screw 6, and the special clamp we need is assembled.

[0052] Working principle of the fixture: Place the fixture directly on the workbench of the milling machine, and let the positioning key 5 of the fixture be stuck in the T-slot of the milling machine. Because the slot with the positioning key 5 on the fixture is parallel to the width, when the fixture is placed on the workbench of the milling machine, as long as the positioning key 5 of the fixture is stuck in the T-slot of the milling machine, the fixture will be naturally parallel to the workbench of the milling machine without alignment; the inclination of the pad can be processed by fixing the screws in the slots on both sides of the length direction of the fixture; place the pad to be processed in the slot of the fixture, and use a hexagonal wrench to rotate the two clamping screws 8 to make the dynamic surface bevel block 1 1 moves downward. When the moving surface inclined block 11 moves downward, since one side is an inclined surface, the workpiece 10 is pressed tightly under the action of the inclined surface force; if the height of the workpiece 10 is too small, after the limit pin 7 is limited, the workbench will not be damaged because the clamping screw 8 moves too far downward; after the first face of the workpiece 10 is milled, the two clamping screws 8 are rotated in the opposite direction with a hexagonal wrench, and the moving surface inclined block 11 will automatically move upward under the elastic force of the reset spring 9. At this time, the workpiece 10 can be easily removed and the other side can be processed in the same way.

[0053] In addition, since the pad is processed from a rectangle to a trapezoid, the processing volume is also very large, more than 10 mm. The cutting force is large when the flying cutter is used directly for processing. The large cutting force is easy to produce vibration, making the workpiece 10 difficult to clamp. Moreover, the blade of the welded alloy knife installed on the flying cutter is not that long. In order to solve this problem, we make the welded alloy knife installed on the cutter disc into a step cutting, which can achieve high-speed and stable processing.

[0054] For example: install six welding alloy knives, the knife body 18 is 80×20×20mm in size, and each knife body 18 is processed into the following size: the size of the first knife body 18 is 80×20×15mm, the size of the second knife body 18 is 77×20×16mm, the size of the third knife body 18 is 74×20×17mm, the size of the fourth knife body 18 is 71×20×18mm, the size of the fifth knife body 18 is 68×20×19mm, and the size of the sixth knife body 18 is 65×20×20mm. Install the processed knife bodies 18 on the flying cutter disc in sequence. In this way, the cutting depth of each knife is only 3mm, so it can be cut at high speed, and the arrangement of the knife bodies is smooth. Figure 7 Of course, there are two points to note when assembling the step knife: first, each knife body 18 must be installed in order; second, the front and back order of the knife body 18 must not be reversed. If it is installed in reverse, the knife will be damaged due to excessive cutting.

[0055] Table 1 Comparison of processing in the prior art and in this application

[0056]

[0057] It can be seen from Table 1 that the inclined surface of the pad is processed after clamping with the fixture. Through practice, the longitudinal feed screw and nut of the milling machine of the machine tool are not damaged, the processing speed is increased by more than 60%, the surface roughness after processing can reach Ra=1.6um or more, and the accuracy of the inclined surface angle of the processed workpiece 10 can reach an error of less than ±0.20, and the processing cost will be reduced by half. This method has been promoted and applied in the processing of similar products.

[0058] In addition to the above-mentioned fixture for producing inclined pads, the present application also provides a machine tool including the above-mentioned fixture for producing inclined pads, and the machine tool is provided with a step-type welded alloy blade body 18. The detailed description of the step-type welded alloy blade body 18 is as above. For the structure of other parts of the machine tool, please refer to the prior art and will not be repeated in this article.

[0059] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0060] The above is a detailed introduction to the fixture for producing inclined pads provided by the present application. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A fixture for producing an inclined pad, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate (1) and a fixed surface assembly and a moving surface assembly mounted on the bottom plate (1); the fixed surface assembly comprises a detachably connected fixed surface baffle (2) and a fixed surface inclined block (4); the moving surface assembly comprises a detachably connected moving surface baffle (12) and a moving surface inclined block (11); inclined surfaces are provided at positions where the fixed surface inclined block (4) and the moving surface inclined block (11) are close to each other, the inclined surface of the moving surface inclined block (11) faces downward, and the inclined surface of the fixed surface inclined block (4) faces upward; the moving surface inclined block (11) can slide up and down relative to the moving surface baffle (12) to release or press the inclined pad to be processed; The moving surface baffle (12) is provided with a strip hole extending in the vertical direction, and the moving surface baffle (12) and the moving surface inclined block (11) are detachably connected via a moving surface screw (13) penetrating through the strip hole; when the moving surface inclined block (11) moves up and down, the moving surface screw (13) moves up and down in the strip hole following the moving surface inclined block (11); A fastening spring (14) is provided between the nut of the moving surface screw (13) and the moving surface baffle (12); after the moving surface baffle (12) and the moving surface inclined block (11) are assembled, the fastening spring (14) is in a compressed state so that the moving surface inclined block (11) is closely attached to the side surface of the moving surface baffle (12); First, the bottom plate (1), the fixed surface baffle (2) and the moving surface baffle (12) are processed, and the fixed surface baffle (2) and the moving surface baffle (12) are connected to the bottom plate (1) as a whole to form a groove; then, according to the angle of the inclined pad to be processed, the rectangular pad is processed into a trapezoid by wire cutting to obtain the required fixed surface inclined block (4) and the moving surface inclined block (11); the fixed surface inclined block (4) and the moving surface inclined block (11) are drilled and milled to form a pre-designed shape; finally, all the parts are assembled together to form the fixture; When it is necessary to process the inclined pad block to be processed at a different angle, the moving surface inclined block (11) and the fixed surface inclined block (4) are removed, and a pair of the moving surface inclined block (11) and the fixed surface inclined block (4) with the same angle are reinstalled to process the pad block at another angle; The movable surface inclined block (11) is provided with a clamping screw (8) which penetrates through it in the longitudinal direction and can be mounted on the base plate (1). When the clamping screw (8) is screwed into the base plate (1), it can drive the movable surface inclined block (11) to move in a direction close to the base plate (1) so as to clamp the inclined pad. A return spring (9) is provided between the movable surface inclined block (11) and the base plate (1). When the clamping screw (8) is screwed out of the base plate (1), the return spring (9) can support the movable surface inclined block (11) to move in a direction away from the base plate (1). A limiting pin (7) is also installed at the bottom of the movable surface inclined block (11), and the limiting pin (7) extends in the longitudinal direction. The movable surface inclined block (11) also includes a pad (17) which is detachably installed between the movable surface inclined block (11) and the movable surface baffle (12).

2. The fixture for producing an inclined pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular gasket is sleeved on the movable screw (13), the diameter of the gasket being greater than the width of the strip hole, and one end of the fastening spring (14) abuts against the nut, and the other end abuts against the gasket.

3. The fixture for producing the inclined pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) and the fixed surface baffle (2), as well as the bottom plate (1) and the dynamic surface baffle (12) are connected by assembly screws (16); the assembly screws (16) penetrate through the bottom of the bottom plate (1) and are connected to the corresponding fixed surface baffle (2) or the dynamic surface baffle (12).

4. A machine tool comprising a fixture for producing a tilting pad and a stepped welded alloy tool body (18), characterized in that: The jig for producing a tilting pad is the jig for producing a tilting pad as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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