A tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a ventilation and heat preservation system for tunnel construction. The ventilation and oxygen supply system for tunnel construction provided by the present invention includes a first air curtain, a second air curtain, a heater, and a ventilation device. A heat preservation chamber is formed between the first air curtain and the second air curtain. The heat preservation chamber is used to heat cold air, and then the fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air is transmitted to the space where the tunnel heading face is located through the ventilation device. The heat preservation chamber is arranged in the tunnel, so that when the ventilation device transmits the fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air, the transmission distance can be effectively reduced, and the heat loss can be reduced when the fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air is transmitted to the space where the tunnel heading face is located. The continuous input of fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air into the space where the tunnel heading face is located raises the temperature of the space where the tunnel heading face is located and keeps it within a certain temperature range, thereby achieving the effect of heating and heat preservation of the air in the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and particularly to a tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system. Background Art

[0002] In plateau areas, there are often climatic conditions such as low temperature and hypoxia. Especially during winter construction, the temperature outside the tunnel can even reach minus 30°C, which will greatly increase the project difficulty and cost, lead to an extended construction period, and cause damage to personnel health and even endanger life safety. Therefore, research on the ventilation and oxygen supply system for tunnel construction in plateau areas is carried out to provide guidance for safe tunnel construction. The existing ventilation and oxygen supply systems for winter tunnel construction in plateau areas have not effectively solved the problems of lining frost damage and damage to personnel health caused by cold in tunnel construction. In terms of heat preservation, if the air is heated during the process of transporting gas through the pipeline, it will be affected by the air flow rate. When the flow rate is too fast, the air heating is not complete enough. By the time it is transmitted to the tunnel heading face, the air heat loss is large, and it is impossible to continuously transport gas at an appropriate temperature to raise the temperature inside the tunnel, nor can the heat preservation effect be achieved. Moreover, some heat preservation systems affect the normal construction of the tunnel due to unreasonable settings. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system provided by this patent effectively solves the engineering problem of effectively heating the air in the construction tunnel and achieving heat preservation inside the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system, aiming to solve the problems of internal ventilation, oxygen supply, air temperature rise and heat preservation in the tunnel.

[0004] To achieve the above object, a tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system proposed by the present invention includes:

[0005] A first air curtain, which is arranged inside the tunnel;

[0006] A second air curtain, which is arranged between the first air curtain and the tunnel heading face, and a heat preservation chamber is formed between the enclosures of the first air curtain and the second air curtain;

[0007] A heater, which is arranged inside the heat preservation chamber and is used to heat the fresh cold air entering the heat preservation chamber from the outside;

[0008] A ventilation device, which communicates the heat preservation chamber with the space where the tunnel heading face is located to transport the heated fresh air at an appropriate temperature to the space where the tunnel heading face is located.

[0009] Preferably, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes:

[0010] A temperature monitoring element, which is arranged inside the heat preservation chamber and is used to monitor the temperature of the heat preservation chamber in real time.

[0011] Preferably, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes:

[0012] A heat preservation curtain, which is arranged at the tunnel entrance, and an auxiliary heat preservation chamber is formed between the heat preservation curtain and the first air curtain enclosure;

[0013] A heating pipe sheet, which is arranged in the auxiliary heat preservation chamber and is used for heating and insulating the air in the auxiliary heat preservation chamber;

[0014] Wherein, the heat preservation curtain, the first air curtain, and the second air curtain are sequentially distributed on the path leading from the tunnel entrance to the heading face.

[0015] Preferably, the ventilation device includes:

[0016] A first ventilation component, which communicates the heat preservation chamber and the space where the tunnel heading face is located;

[0017] A second ventilation component, which communicates the heat preservation chamber and the outside of the tunnel and is used for transmitting fresh cold air outside the tunnel into the heat preservation chamber;

[0018] Wherein, the heat preservation chamber heats the fresh cold air transmitted into the heat preservation chamber by the second ventilation component, and the heated fresh appropriate-temperature air in the heat preservation chamber is transmitted to the space where the tunnel heading face is located through the first ventilation component.

[0019] Preferably, the first ventilation component includes:

[0020] A first fan, which is arranged in the heat preservation chamber near the second air curtain;

[0021] A first pipe, one end of which is connected to the first fan and the other end extends to the space where the tunnel heading face is located, and is used for transmitting the fresh appropriate-temperature air in the heat preservation chamber to the space where the tunnel heading face is located.

[0022] Preferably, the second ventilation component includes:

[0023] A second fan, which is arranged outside the tunnel entrance;

[0024] A second pipe, one end of which is connected to the second fan and the other end passes through the first air curtain and extends to the heat preservation chamber, and the pipe orifice of the second pipe located in the heat preservation chamber is close to the first air curtain and is used for conveying the fresh cold air outside the tunnel to the heat preservation chamber.

[0025] Preferably, both the first air curtain and the second air curtain include:

[0026] A high-pressure blower, which is arranged inside the tunnel and is used to generate high-pressure gas;

[0027] A main air duct, which is connected to the high-pressure blower and is used to transport high-pressure gas. The main air duct is arranged in a ring along the cross-section of the tunnel;

[0028] Branch air ducts. A plurality of branch air ducts are arranged on the main air duct, and the gas ejection direction of the branch air ducts forms a certain angle with the cross-section of the tunnel.

[0029] Preferably, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes:

[0030] An oxygen production station;

[0031] A third pipeline, one end of which is connected to the oxygen production station for transporting oxygen, and the other end is connected to the first pipeline of the first ventilation component. The first pipeline transports fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air and oxygen to the space where the tunnel heading face is located.

[0032] Preferably, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes:

[0033] An oxygen monitoring unit, which is arranged in the space where the tunnel heading face is located and is connected to the oxygen production station, and is used to monitor the oxygen content in the space where the tunnel heading face is located in real time.

[0034] Preferably, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes a dust removal and sewage discharge device, and the dust removal and sewage discharge device includes:

[0035] A dust removal fan, which is movably arranged in the space where the tunnel heading face is located;

[0036] An exhaust air duct, one end of which is connected to the dust removal fan and the other end extends to the outside of the tunnel, and is used to discharge the dirty air in the tunnel.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention solves the problems of heating and heat preservation of the air in the tunnel by using the first air curtain, the second air curtain, the heater and the ventilation device. The air in the heat preservation chamber is heated to appropriately temperature-controlled air under the action of the heater, and the ventilation device transports the appropriately temperature-controlled air in the heat preservation chamber to the space where the tunnel heading face is located. The heat preservation chamber is arranged in the tunnel, so that when the ventilation device transports fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air, the transmission distance can be effectively reduced, and the heat loss is reduced when the fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air is transported to the space where the tunnel heading face is located. The continuous input of fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air raises the temperature of the space where the tunnel heading face is located and keeps it within a certain temperature range, so as to achieve the effect of heating and heat preservation of the air in the tunnel and provide fresh air for the construction workers. Description of the Drawings

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the structure;

[0041] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first air curtain 11 in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the main air duct 110 in the present invention.

[0043] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0044] Label Name Label Name 100 Tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system 10 Heat preservation chamber 11 First air curtain 12 Second air curtain 13 Heater 15 Temperature monitoring element 16 Auxiliary heat preservation chamber 17 Heat preservation curtain 18 Heating pipe segment 21 First fan 22 First pipeline 23 Second fan 24 Second pipeline 30 Oxygen production station 31 Third pipeline 35 Oxygen monitoring component 110 High-pressure fan 112 Main air duct 113 Branch air duct 40 Tunnel face 50 Space where the tunnel face is located 26 Dust removal fan 28 Exhaust pipe

[0045] The realization of the object of the present invention, functional features and advantages will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. Specific embodiments

[0046] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0048] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0049] The present invention provides a tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system 100, as Figures 1 to 2 shown, comprising: a first air curtain 11, the first air curtain 11 being arranged inside the tunnel; a second air curtain 12, the second air curtain 12 being arranged between the first air curtain 11 and the tunnel face 40, a heat preservation chamber 10 being formed between and surrounded by the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12; a heater 13, the heater 13 being arranged inside the heat preservation chamber 10 and used for heating the fresh cold air entering the heat preservation chamber 10 from the outside; a ventilation device 21, the ventilation device 21 being communicated with the heat preservation chamber 10 and the space 50 where the tunnel face is located, so as to convey the heated fresh air at appropriate temperature to the space 50 where the tunnel face is located.

[0050] In this embodiment, the planes where the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are located are both parallel to the tunnel cross-section, and the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are movably arranged inside the tunnel. The first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 enclose the heat preservation chamber 10 into a relatively independent and relatively airtight space. The air inside the heat preservation chamber 10 is heated into air at appropriate temperature under the action of the heater 13, and the ventilation device 21 conveys the fresh air at appropriate temperature inside the heat preservation chamber 10 to the space 50 where the tunnel face is located.

[0051] It can be understood that the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 divide the tunnel into different cavities, such as the auxiliary heat preservation chamber 16, the heat preservation chamber 10 and the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located. The heat preservation chamber 10 is arranged inside the tunnel. The ventilation device conveys the suitable-temperature air heated in the heat preservation chamber 10 to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located. The heat preservation chamber 10 is arranged in the tunnel, so that when the ventilation device conveys the suitable-temperature air, the transmission distance can be effectively reduced, and the heat loss can be reduced when the fresh suitable-temperature air is transmitted to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located. The continuous input of fresh suitable-temperature air into the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located enables the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located to achieve the effects of temperature rise and heat preservation, and provides fresh air for the construction workers. As the tunnel heading face 40 advances forward continuously during construction, the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 can also advance forward relative to the tunnel entrance face. At this time, the heat preservation chamber 10 surrounded by the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 also advances forward accordingly. The closer the heat preservation chamber 10 is to the tunnel heading face 40, the relatively higher the temperature of the air conveyed into the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located by the ventilation device. Therefore, through the above structure, the problems that the air heating is not complete enough due to too fast air flow rate in the pipeline and the heat loss of the air transmitted to the tunnel heading face 40 is relatively large can be solved.

[0052] Specifically, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system 100 further includes: a temperature monitoring element 15, which is arranged in the heat preservation chamber 10 and is used for monitoring the temperature of the heat preservation chamber 10 in real time.

[0053] In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring element 15 monitors the temperature of the heat preservation chamber 10 in real time. The temperature monitoring element 15 has an electronic display screen, and the real-time temperature of the heat preservation chamber 10 can be observed. The temperature monitoring element 15 can preset a temperature range in advance. When the temperature is lower than the preset minimum temperature, the heater 13 works to heat the air in the heat preservation chamber 10. When the temperature is heated to be higher than the preset maximum temperature, the heater 13 stops working, so as to achieve the real-time monitoring of the temperature in the heat preservation chamber 10 and control its temperature within a certain range. Correspondingly, the temperature conveyed to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located by the ventilation device can also be controlled within a certain range, such as controlling the temperature at 20-25 °C, etc.

[0054] Specifically, the tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system 100 further includes: a heat preservation curtain 17, which is arranged at the tunnel entrance, and an auxiliary heat preservation chamber 16 is formed between the heat preservation curtain 17 and the first air curtain 11; a heating pipe piece 18, which is arranged in the auxiliary heat preservation chamber 16 and is used for heating and preserving the air in the auxiliary heat preservation chamber 16; wherein, the heat preservation curtain 17, the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are distributed in sequence on the path leading from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel heading face 40.

[0055] In this embodiment, the heat preservation curtain 17 is arranged on the tunnel entrance surface. The heat preservation curtain 17 is provided with an entrance to facilitate the passage of personnel and construction vehicles. The auxiliary heat preservation chamber 16 is provided with heating radiator fins 18 for heating the air in the auxiliary heat preservation chamber 16 to prevent the lining at the tunnel entrance from being frozen and cracked.

[0056] Specifically, the ventilation device includes: a first ventilation component that communicates the heat preservation chamber 10 and the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located; a second ventilation component that communicates the heat preservation chamber 10 and the outside of the tunnel and is used to transmit the fresh cold air outside the tunnel into the heat preservation chamber 10. Among them, the heat preservation chamber 10 heats the fresh cold air transmitted into the heat preservation chamber 10 by the second ventilation component, and transmits the heated fresh warm air in the heat preservation chamber 10 to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located through the first ventilation component.

[0057] In this embodiment, the ventilation device conducts segmented air supply. One end of the second ventilation component is arranged outside the tunnel, and the other end leads to the heat preservation chamber 10 inside the tunnel for transporting the outside air of the tunnel into the heat preservation chamber 10 for heating. One end of the first ventilation component is arranged inside the heat preservation chamber 10, and the other end extends to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located for transporting the heated fresh warm air to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located.

[0058] Specifically, the first ventilation component includes: a first fan 21 arranged in the heat preservation chamber 10 near the second air curtain 12; a first pipe 22, one end of the first pipe 22 is connected to the first fan 21, and the other end extends to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located for transporting the fresh warm air in the heat preservation chamber 10 to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located.

[0059] Specifically, the second ventilation component includes: a second fan 23 arranged outside the tunnel entrance; a second pipe 24, one end of the second pipe 24 is connected to the second fan 23, and the other end passes through the first air curtain 11 and extends to the heat preservation chamber 10. The pipe orifice of the second pipe 24 located in the heat preservation chamber 10 is close to the first air curtain 11 for transporting the fresh cold air outside the tunnel into the heat preservation chamber 10.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first ventilation component is used to convey external air to the insulation chamber 10, and the second ventilation component is used to convey fresh and moderately warm air in the insulation chamber 10 to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located. The second fan 23 and the second duct 24 draw fresh cold air outside the tunnel into the insulation chamber 10. The fresh cold air conveyed by the second duct 24 can be fully mixed and heated with the air in the insulation chamber 10, and then the first fan 21 and the first duct 22 draw the fresh and moderately warm air to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located. Preferably, both the first fan 21 and the second fan 23 are axial fans.

[0061] Specifically, each of the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 includes: a high-pressure fan 110 for generating high-pressure gas; a main air duct 112 connected to the high-pressure fan 110 for conveying high-pressure gas, and the main air duct 112 is arranged in a ring along the tunnel cross-section; and a plurality of branch air ducts 113 arranged on the main air duct 112, and the gas ejection direction of the branch air ducts 113 forms a certain angle with the tunnel cross-section.

[0062] In this embodiment, both the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are provided with a high-pressure fan 110, a main air duct 112 and branch air ducts 113. The high-pressure fans 110 are respectively arranged near the main air duct 112 and connected to the main air duct 112. The main air duct 112 is a ring-shaped duct and fits against the tunnel wall. The high-pressure gas output by the high-pressure fan 110 enters the main air duct 112 and forms an air curtain through the ejection of the branch air ducts 113. The branch air ducts 113 are preferably high-pressure air nozzles. Among them, the structural schematic diagram of the first air curtain 11 is referred to Figure 3 as shown, and the sectional structural schematic diagram of the main air duct 110 is referred to Figure 4 as shown.

[0063] It can be understood that since the structures of the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are the same, the structural schematic diagram of the second air curtain 12 can also be referred to Figure 3 as shown. The gas ejection direction of the branch air ducts 113 forms a certain angle with the tunnel cross-section. Then, the planes where the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are located are both parallel to the tunnel cross-section. The spaces inside and outside the insulation chamber 10 of the first air curtain 11 and the second air curtain 12 are isolated from each other, so that the air flows of the two are relatively independent.

[0064] Specifically, the tunnel construction ventilation and insulation system 100 includes: an oxygen production station 30; a third duct 31, one end of the third duct 31 is connected to the oxygen production station 30 for conveying oxygen, and the other end is connected to the first duct 22 of the first ventilation component. The first duct 22 conveys fresh and moderately warm air and oxygen to the space 50 where the tunnel heading face is located.

[0065] In this embodiment, the oxygen generating station 30 can be arranged outside the tunnel, generate oxygen and transport it through the third pipeline 31. The third pipeline 31 passes through the auxiliary insulation chamber 16 and the insulation chamber 10 in the tunnel, and finally communicates with the second pipeline 24. The oxygen transported in the third pipeline 31 is mixed with the fresh and appropriately temperature-controlled air in the second pipeline 24, and finally transported to the space 50 where the tunnel face is located through the second pipeline 24, achieving the effect of insulating and supplying oxygen to the space 50 where the tunnel face is located.

[0066] Specifically, the tunnel construction ventilation and insulation system 100 further includes: an oxygen monitoring unit, which is arranged in the space 50 where the tunnel face is located and connected to the oxygen generating station 30, and is used for real-time monitoring of the oxygen content in the space 50 where the tunnel face is located.

[0067] In this embodiment, the oxygen supply device further includes an oxygen monitoring component 35. The oxygen monitoring component 35 is arranged near the tunnel face 40 in the space 50 where the tunnel face is located. The oxygen monitoring component 35 is connected to the oxygen generating station 30, and the oxygen monitoring component 35 is used for real-time monitoring of the oxygen content in the space 50 where the tunnel face is located.

[0068] It can be understood that the oxygen monitoring component 35 monitors the oxygen content in the space 50 where the tunnel face is located and feeds back the oxygen content data to the oxygen generating station 30 in real time, so that the oxygen generating station 30 can adjust the output power and dynamically adjust the oxygen supply amount to the tunnel face. The oxygen generated by the oxygen generating station 30 is safe and reliable and can be directly transported into the tunnel through the pipeline for use.

[0069] Specifically, it further includes a dust removal and sewage discharge device. The dust removal and sewage discharge device includes: a dust removal fan 26, which is movably arranged at the front end of the tunnel face 40; an exhaust duct 28, one end of the exhaust duct 28 is connected to the dust removal fan 26, and the other end extends to the outside of the tunnel, and is used for discharging the dirty air in the tunnel.

[0070] In this embodiment, the dust removal fan 26 is connected to the exhaust pipe 28 to discharge the dirty air (including gas, dust, etc.) in the space 50 where the tunnel face is located to the outside of the tunnel. The dust removal fan 26 can move forward with the advancement of the tunnel working face (i.e., the tunnel face 40) to ensure timely discharge of the dirty air near the tunnel working face (i.e., the tunnel face 40).

[0071] A tunnel construction ventilation and insulation system 100 provided by the present invention is not only applicable to construction tunnels in plateau climates, but also applicable to other construction tunnels that need to be insulated and supplied with oxygen.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system, characterized in that, Comprising: A first air curtain, which is arranged inside the tunnel; A second air curtain, which is arranged between the first air curtain and the tunnel face. A heat preservation chamber is formed between the enclosures of the first air curtain and the second air curtain; A heater, which is arranged inside the heat preservation chamber and is used to heat the fresh cold air entering the heat preservation chamber from the outside; A ventilation device, which communicates the heat preservation chamber with the space where the tunnel face is located to convey the heated fresh air at appropriate temperature to the space where the tunnel face is located; A heat preservation curtain, which is arranged at the tunnel entrance. An auxiliary heat preservation chamber is formed between the enclosures of the heat preservation curtain and the first air curtain; and Warm air pipe segments, which are arranged inside the auxiliary heat preservation chamber and are used to heat and keep warm the air inside the auxiliary heat preservation chamber; Wherein, the heat preservation curtain, the first air curtain and the second air curtain are sequentially distributed on the path leading from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel face; the first air curtain and the second air curtain can move along the tunnel. As the tunnel face continuously advances during construction, the first air curtain and the second air curtain continue to advance forward relative to the tunnel entrance, and the heat preservation chamber advances forward accordingly. The closer the heat preservation chamber is to the tunnel face, the higher the temperature of the air conveyed into the space where the tunnel face is located by the ventilation device.

2. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further comprises: A temperature monitoring element, which is arranged inside the heat preservation chamber and is used to monitor the temperature of the heat preservation chamber in real time.

3. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 1, wherein The ventilation device comprises: A first ventilation component, which communicates the heat preservation chamber and the space where the tunnel face is located; A second ventilation component, which communicates the heat preservation chamber and the outside of the tunnel and is used to transmit the fresh cold air outside the tunnel into the heat preservation chamber; Wherein, the heat preservation chamber heats the fresh cold air conveyed into the heat preservation chamber by the second ventilation component, and conveys the heated fresh air at appropriate temperature inside the heat preservation chamber to the space where the tunnel face is located through the first ventilation component.

4. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first ventilation component comprises: A first fan, which is arranged inside the heat preservation chamber near the second air curtain; A first pipeline, one end of which is connected to the first fan and the other end extends to the space where the tunnel face is located, and is used to convey the fresh air at appropriate temperature inside the heat preservation chamber to the space where the tunnel face is located.

5. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second ventilation component comprises: A second fan, which is arranged outside the tunnel entrance; A second pipeline, one end of which is connected to the second fan and the other end passes through the first air curtain and extends to the heat preservation chamber. The pipe orifice of the second pipeline located inside the heat preservation chamber is close to the first air curtain and is used to convey the fresh cold air outside the tunnel into the heat preservation chamber.

6. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Both the first air curtain and the second air curtain comprise: A high-pressure fan, which is arranged inside the tunnel and is used to generate high-pressure gas; A main air duct, which is connected to the high-pressure fan and is used to convey high-pressure gas. The main air duct is arranged in a ring along the tunnel cross-section; Branch air ducts, a plurality of the branch air ducts are arranged on the main air duct, and the gas ejection direction of the branch air ducts forms a certain angle with the tunnel cross-section.

7. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes: An oxygen production station; A third pipeline, one end of the third pipeline is connected to the oxygen production station for transporting oxygen, and the other end is connected to the first pipeline of the first ventilation assembly, and the first pipeline transports fresh air at appropriate temperature and oxygen to the space where the tunnel heading face is located.

8. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system further includes: An oxygen monitoring unit, which is arranged in the space where the tunnel heading face is located and is connected to the oxygen production station, and is used for real-time monitoring of the oxygen content in the space where the tunnel heading face is located.

9. The tunnel construction ventilation and heat preservation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a dust removal and sewage discharge device, and the dust removal and sewage discharge device includes: A dust removal fan, which is movably arranged in the space where the tunnel heading face is located; An exhaust air duct, one end of the exhaust air duct is connected to the dust removal fan, and the other end extends to the outside of the tunnel, and is used for discharging the dirty air in the tunnel.

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