Fruit and vegetable damage detection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fruit damage detection, and discloses a fruit and vegetable damage detection device. A large number of fruits and vegetables can be orderly transmitted to a shock-absorbing row spacing through a transportation device, and a distance is provided between the fruits and vegetables through a shock-absorbing row spacing frame. An alignment device can smoothly detect the fruits and vegetables by a detection device, and bad fruits and vegetables detected are rejected by a rejection device. After continuous transportation, row spacing, alignment, detection, and rejection, the invention can perform batch detection of mechanical damage to fruits and vegetables, thereby improving the detection speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the mechanical field, relates to the field of fruit damage detection, and specifically is a fruit and vegetable damage detection device. Background Art

[0002] During the entire process of harvesting, grading, packaging, transportation, storage and sales from the planting site to the market, fruits and vegetables will inevitably be subjected to different load forms such as static load, extrusion, vibration, collision, friction, etc., causing current damage mainly in the form of plastic or brittle failure and delayed damage mainly in the form of viscoelastic deformation, collectively referred to as mechanical damage. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research on the biomechanical properties and mechanical damage of fruits and vegetables, and have achieved some effective research results in the mechanical damage test of fruits and vegetables, the analysis of damage influencing factors, mechanical damage prediction and mechanical damage finite element simulation analysis.

[0003] Fruit thinning mechanical damage mainly takes the form of impact damage and compression damage. Impact damage is mainly caused by high-altitude falls during the mechanical picking stage and vibrations and collisions during packaging, grading and transportation. It is the most serious form of mechanical damage to fruits and vegetables. Compression damage mainly comes from the clamping effect of the end effector on the fruit during the mechanical picking process and the mutual squeezing of the fruit in the packaging box.

[0004] For example, after the pears are picked, there are collisions and squeezing during transportation, and the pears will rot after a period of time. In different seasons, damaged fruits will rot to varying degrees, especially in summer. After discovering the existing phenomenon, the research on the existing mechanical damage of pears has made considerable progress and there are many finished products for reference. There are also studies on fruit mechanical damage devices in China, such as the "Design of Portable Damaged Fruit Detection Device" published in Agricultural Mechanization Research in 2010, but the portable device is only for a single fruit. The fruit to be tested is manually placed on the testing table. After the test, it is judged whether the fruit is damaged based on the data display, and finally the fruit is manually removed. The disadvantage of this portable device is that the detection speed is slow and the fruit needs to be manually loaded and unloaded, which cannot be used for fruit farmers with huge yields. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to perform batch mechanical damage detection on fruits and vegetables, thereby improving the detection speed.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A device for detecting damage to fruits and vegetables comprises a transport device, a row spacing and alignment device, a detection device, and a rejection device which are connected in sequence; the row spacing and alignment device comprises a support frame, on which a conveyor belt 1 is driven, a shock-absorbing row spacing frame is fixedly provided at the connection between the conveyor belt 1 and the transport device, and the shock-absorbing row spacing frame is arranged above the conveyor belt 1, a partition is arranged on the conveyor belt 1, an alignment device is arranged at the output end of the conveyor belt 1, and the transport device is arranged above the shock-absorbing row spacing frame.

[0008] The shock-absorbing row spacing frame includes a triangular plate group arranged on the inner side of the support frame, and the triangular plate group is provided with a shock-absorbing plate and a speed reduction plate in sequence from bottom to top, and the extended end of the triangular plate group is provided with a row spacing plate located above the conveyor belt.

[0009] The triangular plate group comprises two triangular plates respectively arranged on both sides of the support frame, and the extending ends of the two triangular plates are respectively provided with row spacing plates, and a row spacing opening is formed between the extending ends of the two row spacing plates.

[0010] A partition opening is arranged at one end of the shock absorbing plate extending downward.

[0011] The alignment device includes a brush control box, on which a brush sprocket shaft group is rotatably provided, the brush sprocket shaft group is meshed with the same rotating chain, the chain is provided with a brush, and tapered roller groups are rotatably provided on the inner sides of both sides of the support frame, and an alignment area is formed between the tapered roller groups, and the tapered roller groups are arranged below the brush.

[0012] The detection device includes a conveyor belt 2 rotatably mounted on a support frame, a detection chamber located above the conveyor belt 2 is provided on the support frame, and an inlet channel cover and an outlet channel cover are respectively provided on both sides of the detection chamber, a shading sheet located in the detection chamber is passed through the support frame, the conveyor belt 2 is arranged above the shading sheet, and the conveyor belt 2 is consistent with the horizontal center line of the alignment area.

[0013] The rejecting device includes a stepper motor arranged on a support frame, a paddle is arranged at the output end of the stepper motor, and the paddle is arranged above the second conveyor belt, a rejecting port is arranged at a position close to the paddle on the support frame, and a supporting support plate accommodated at the rejecting port is passed through the support frame.

[0014] The transport device comprises a frame, a transmission chain is rotatably arranged in the frame, a rotatable connecting piece is rotatably arranged on the chain, a fruit bucket is supported on the frame, and an anti-falling inclined plate is arranged at the extending end of the fruit bucket.

[0015] A sprocket shaft group is arranged in the frame, a transmission chain is meshed on the sprocket shaft group, and a motor for driving the sprocket shaft group to rotate is arranged on the frame.

[0016] The support frame is provided with two limit plates which are symmetrically arranged along its own center line, and the two limit plates are respectively located on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. In the present invention, a large number of fruits and vegetables can be transported to the transmission shock-absorbing spacing rack through the transportation device, and the shock-absorbing spacing rack and the partition are matched to make the fruits and vegetables have a spacing. After the fruits and vegetables separated by a distance enter the alignment device in turn, the fruits and vegetables can be aligned and enter the detection device, and bad fruits and vegetables are detected and rejected by the rejection device, thereby realizing batch detection of mechanical damage of a large number of fruits and vegetables, thereby improving the detection speed.

[0019] 2. In the present invention, the shock absorbing plate can reduce the shock of fruits and vegetables falling from the transport device, and the deceleration plate can reduce the impact force of fruits and vegetables falling from the transport device, thereby preventing the fruits and vegetables from suffering secondary mechanical damage.

[0020] 3. In the present invention, the partitions on the conveyor belt 1 can space the multiple fruits and vegetables and arrange them in order, and provide the detection device with time to detect the fruits and vegetables.

[0021] 4. In the present invention, the partition can pass through the partition opening, and at the same time, the fruits and vegetables on the shock-absorbing plate are arranged in order on the conveyor belt 1.

[0022] 5. In the present invention, the row spacing opening can make the fruits and vegetables on the conveyor belt 1 be arranged in order between the front and rear partitions.

[0023] 6. In the present invention, the limiting plate can prevent the fruits and vegetables on the conveyor belt from falling to the ground.

[0024] 7. In the present invention, when the conveyor belt transports the fruits and vegetables to the alignment area, the brushes continuously generate friction with the fruits and vegetables, thereby controlling the movement direction and speed of the fruits and vegetables on the tapered roller group, thereby achieving the purpose of transporting the fruits and vegetables to the middle area between the two ends of the conveyor belt.

[0025] 8. In the present invention, the light shielding sheet can prevent stray light from entering the detection room and affecting the imaging effect.

[0026] 9. In the present invention, the fruit bucket can store a large amount of fruits and vegetables, thereby achieving the purpose of batch testing of fruits and vegetables, and the anti-drop inclined plate can prevent the fruits and vegetables from falling during the transmission process.

[0027] 10. In the present invention, the rotatable connecting piece can achieve the purpose of transmitting fruits and vegetables in the process of rotating with the chain, so that the fruits and vegetables are sequentially transmitted to the shock-absorbing spacing rack.

[0028] 11. In the present invention, the pick can remove bad fruits and vegetables while the support plate can support the second conveyor belt, thereby preventing the second conveyor belt from collapsing due to force and affecting the original position of the fruits and vegetables, resulting in removal errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transport device;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A top view of

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sprocket shaft and the transmission chain;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotatable connecting piece and the fixed rod;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the row spacing and alignment device;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top view of

[0037] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the brush sprocket shaft and the rotating chain;

[0039] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tapered roller group and the support frame;

[0040] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the detection device;

[0041] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A top view of

[0042] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0043] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shading sheet;

[0044] Fig.16 It is the structural diagram of the detection room;

[0045] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brush control box;

[0046] Markings in the figure: 11 frame, 111 sprocket shaft, 112 motor, 12 transmission chain, 13 rotatable connecting piece, 131 fixed rod, 14 fruit bucket, 15 anti-drop inclined plate, 21 support frame, 22 transmission belt 1, 221 partition, 231 triangular plate, 232 shock-absorbing plate, 2321 partition mouth, 233 speed reducer, 234 row spacing plate, 235 row spacing mouth, 24 belt roller 1, 25 motor 1, 26 limit plate, 271 brush control box, 2711 box body, 2712 bearing, 2713 driving motor, 272 brush sprocket shaft, 273 rotating chain, 2731 brush, 274 tapered roller, 2741 fixed shaft, 275 alignment area, 31 conveyor belt 2, 32 inlet channel cover, 33 detection chamber, 331 LED lamp group, 332 power supply, 333 microprocessor, 334 photoelectric conversion module, 335 CCD camera, 34 outlet channel cover, 35 shading sheet, 36 motor 2, 37 belt roller 2, 41 paddle, 42 stepping motor, 43 rejection port, 44 supporting pallet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] See also Figures 1 to 17 A device for detecting damage to fruits and vegetables comprises a transport device, a row spacing and alignment device, a detection device, and a rejection device connected in sequence; the row spacing and alignment device comprises a support frame 21, on which a conveyor belt 22 is driven, a shock-absorbing row spacing frame is fixedly provided at the connection between the conveyor belt 22 and the transport device, and the shock-absorbing row spacing frame is arranged above the conveyor belt 22, the conveyor belt 22 is provided with a plurality of partitions 221 evenly distributed on itself, an alignment device is arranged at the output end of the conveyor belt 22, the transport device is arranged above the shock-absorbing row spacing frame, a belt roller group 1 is arranged on the support frame 21, a conveyor belt 22 is wound around the belt roller group 1, and a motor 25 for driving the belt roller group 1 to rotate is supported on the support frame 21.

[0050] The shock-absorbing spacing frame includes a triangular plate group arranged on the inner side of the support frame 21, and the triangular plate group is provided with a shock-absorbing plate 232 and a speed reduction plate 233 from bottom to top, and the extended end of the triangular plate group is provided with a spacing plate 234 located above the conveyor belt 22.

[0051] The triangular plate set includes two triangular plates 231 respectively disposed on both sides of the support frame 21 , and the extending ends of the two triangular plates 231 are respectively provided with spacing plates 234 , and a spacing opening 235 is formed between the extending ends of the two spacing plates 234 .

[0052] The alignment device includes a brush control box 271, on which a brush sprocket shaft group is rotatably provided, and the brush sprocket shaft group is meshed with a same rotating chain 273, on which a brush 2731 is provided, and tapered roller groups are rotatably provided on the inner sides of the two sides of the support frame 21, and an alignment area 275 is formed between the tapered roller groups, and the tapered roller groups are arranged below the brush 2731; the brush sprocket shaft group includes two brush sprocket shafts 272; the tapered roller The group includes a plurality of tapered rollers 274, and a fixed shaft 2741 is provided on the support frame 21, and the tapered rollers 274 are sleeved on the fixed shaft 2741; the brush control box 271 includes a box body 2711, and the box body 2711 is provided with two bearings 2712 symmetrically arranged along its center line, and a brush sprocket shaft 272 is passed through the bearing 2712, and a driving motor 2713 is provided at one end of the brush sprocket shaft 272 located in the inner cavity of the box body 2711.

[0053] The detection device includes a conveyor belt 31 rotatably arranged on a support frame 21, a detection chamber 33 located above the conveyor belt 31 is provided on the support frame 21, and an inlet channel cover 32 and an outlet channel cover 34 are respectively provided on both sides of the detection chamber 33, a shading sheet 35 located in the detection chamber 33 is passed through the support frame 21, the conveyor belt 31 is arranged above the shading sheet 35, the conveyor belt 31 is consistent with the transverse center line of the alignment area 275, a belt roller group 2 is provided on the support frame 21, the belt roller group 2 is wrapped with the conveyor belt 31, and a motor 36 for driving the belt roller group 2 to rotate is supported on the support frame 21; the motor 36 drives the belt roller group 2 to rotate through a belt.

[0054] The rejection device includes a stepper motor 42 arranged on the support frame 21, a paddle 41 is provided at the output end of the stepper motor 42, and the paddle 41 is arranged above the conveyor belt 31, a rejection port 43 is provided on the support frame 21 near the paddle 41, and a support plate 44 is passed through the support frame 21 and accommodated at the rejection port 43.

[0055] The transport device comprises a frame 11, a transmission chain 12 is rotatably arranged in the frame 11, a rotatable connecting piece 13 is rotatably arranged on the chain, a fruit bucket 14 is supported on the frame 11, and an anti-drop inclined plate 15 is arranged at the extended end of the fruit bucket 14.

[0056] A sprocket shaft group is provided in the frame 11, and a transmission chain 12 is meshed on the sprocket shaft group. A motor 112 for driving the sprocket shaft group to rotate is provided on the frame 11; a fixing rod 131 is provided on the transmission chain 12, and a rotatable connecting piece 13 is sleeved on the fixing rod 131; the sprocket shaft group includes two sprocket shafts 111, and the same transmission chain 12 is meshed on the two sprocket shafts 111.

[0057] This embodiment can perform batch inspection of mechanical damage to fruits and vegetables, and improves the inspection speed. Among them, the motor 112 drives the sprocket shaft group to rotate, so as to drive the chain to rotate. Because a large amount of fruits and vegetables are poured into the fruit bucket 14, the chain can rotate during the rotation process. The connecting piece 13 will transport the fruits and vegetables from a high place to the shock-absorbing row spacing rack. Because the shock-absorbing plate 232 can decelerate the falling fruits and vegetables, the deceleration plate 233 can reduce the impact force of the fruits and vegetables falling from a high place, thereby avoiding the fruits and vegetables from suffering secondary mechanical damage, and also doing a good job in the preparatory work for the fruit and vegetable row spacing. Because there are multiple partitions 221, the fruits and vegetables will fall between the adjacent partitions 221 due to inertia, and the row spacing port 235 can make the fruits and vegetables on the conveyor belt 1 22 orderly arranged on the front and rear partitions 221. When the conveyor belt 1 22 transports fruits and vegetables to the conical tube group, the rotating brush sprocket shaft group drives the brush 2731 to rotate, so that the brush 2731 and the fruits and vegetables generate friction, thereby controlling the rolling direction and rolling speed of the fruits and vegetables on the conical roller group, and aligning the fruits and vegetables to the middle area of ​​the end of the conveyor belt 2 31, so that the detection chamber 33 can accurately detect them, and the shading sheet 35 can prevent stray light from entering the detection chamber 33 and affecting the imaging effect. When the detection chamber 33 detects bad fruits and vegetables, the stepping motor 42 drives the paddle 41 to remove the bad fruits and vegetables from the conveyor belt 2 31; the removal port 43 is a channel for the paddle 41 to remove the bad fruits and vegetables.

[0058] Specifically, the belt roller set 1 includes two belt rollers 1 24 , and a transmission belt 1 22 is wound around the belt rollers 1 24 .

[0059] Specifically, the belt roller set 2 includes two belt rollers 37 , and the belt rollers 37 are wound with the transmission belt 2 31 .

[0060] Specifically, the inlet channel cover 32 and the outlet channel cover 34 can reduce the interference of natural light and external light sources.

[0061] Specifically, the detection chamber 33 is based on the existing computer vision technology combining near infrared and visible light. The inner wall of the detection chamber 33 is provided with an LED light group 331, a power supply 332 for providing electricity to the LED light group 331, a microprocessor 333, a photoelectric conversion module 334, and a CCD camera 335 from top to bottom. The microprocessor 333 is electrically connected to the stepper motor 42. When the conveyor belt 2 31 transmits fruits and vegetables to the detection chamber 33, the LED light group 331 will illuminate their surface to make them reflect, and then the CCD camera 335 will collect and image the light diffusely reflected from the fruits and vegetables, and convert it into an electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion module 334. The microprocessor 333 collects the electrical signal and analyzes and compares it. If the fruits and vegetables are damaged, the rejection device will reject them. Specifically, the wavelength range of the LED light group 331 can cover the visible light and near infrared bands.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] On the basis of the first embodiment, a partition opening 2321 is provided at one end of the damping plate 232 extending downward. When the conveyor belt 22 is transmitting fruits and vegetables, the partition 221 can pass through the partition opening 2321. Since there is a distance between adjacent partitions 221, the partition 221 can arrange the fruits and vegetables on the damping plate 232 in an orderly manner on the conveyor belt 22 when passing through the partition opening 2321.

[0064] The support frame 21 is provided with two limit plates 26 symmetrically arranged along its own center line, and the two limit plates 26 are respectively located on both sides of the conveyor belt 22, and the limit plates 26 are arranged in the extension end direction of the row spacing plate 234; the limit plates 26 can keep the fruits and vegetables between the adjacent partitions 221 at all times, so that the fruits and vegetables are smoothly transmitted to the tapered roller 274 group.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting damage to fruits and vegetables, characterized in that: It comprises a transport device, a row spacing and alignment device, a detection device, and a rejection device connected in sequence; the row spacing and alignment device comprises a support frame (21), a conveyor belt (22) is driven on the support frame (21), a shock-absorbing row spacing frame is fixedly provided at the connection between the conveyor belt (22) and the transport device, and the shock-absorbing row spacing frame is arranged above the conveyor belt (22), a partition (221) is arranged on the conveyor belt (22), an alignment device is arranged at the output end of the conveyor belt (22), and the transport device is arranged above the shock-absorbing row spacing frame; The shock-absorbing spacing frame comprises a triangular plate group arranged inside the support frame (21), and the triangular plate group is provided with a shock-absorbing plate (232) and a speed reduction plate (233) in sequence from bottom to top, and an extended end of the triangular plate group is provided with a spacing plate (234) located above the conveyor belt (22); The triangular plate group comprises two triangular plates (231) respectively arranged on both sides of the support frame (21), and the extending ends of the two triangular plates (231) are respectively provided with row spacing plates (234), and a row spacing opening (235) is formed between the extending ends of the two row spacing plates (234); One end of the shock absorbing plate (232) extending downward is provided with a partition opening (2321); The alignment device comprises a brush control box (271), a brush sprocket shaft group is rotatably provided on the brush control box (271), the brush sprocket shaft group is meshed with the same rotating chain (273), a brush (2731) is provided on the chain, tapered roller groups are rotatably provided on the inner sides of both sides of the support frame (21), and an alignment area (275) is formed between the tapered roller groups, and the tapered roller groups are arranged below the brush (2731).

2. A fruit and vegetable damage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device comprises a second conveyor belt (31) rotatably arranged on a support frame (21); a detection chamber (33) located above the second conveyor belt (31) is provided on the support frame (21); an inlet channel cover (32) and an outlet channel cover (34) are respectively provided on both sides of the detection chamber (33); a light shielding sheet (35) located in the detection chamber (33) is passed through the support frame (21); the second conveyor belt (31) is arranged above the light shielding sheet (35); and the second conveyor belt (31) is consistent with the transverse center line of the alignment area (275).

3. The fruit and vegetable damage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rejecting device comprises a stepper motor (42) arranged on a support frame (21); a paddle (41) is arranged at the output end of the stepper motor (42); and the paddle (41) is arranged above the second conveyor belt (31); a rejecting opening (43) is arranged at a position of the support frame (21) close to the paddle (41); and a support support plate (44) accommodated at the rejecting opening (43) is passed through the support frame (21).

4. The fruit and vegetable damage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport device comprises a frame (11), a transmission chain (12) is rotatably arranged in the frame (11), a rotatable connecting piece (13) is rotatably arranged on the chain, a fruit bucket (14) is supported on the frame (11), and an anti-falling inclined plate (15) is arranged at the extended end of the fruit bucket (14).

5. The fruit and vegetable damage detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sprocket shaft group is arranged in the frame (11), a transmission chain (12) is meshed on the sprocket shaft group, and a motor (112) for driving the sprocket shaft group to rotate is arranged on the frame (11).

6. The fruit and vegetable damage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (21) is provided with two limit plates (26) symmetrically arranged along its own center line, and the two limit plates (26) are respectively located on both sides of the conveyor belt (22).

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