A nanoparticle detection system in an environmental gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nanoparticle detection system in ambient gas, comprising a gas sampling device, a particle detection device and a particle size amplification device; the particle size amplification device includes a gas compression assembly for amplifying the particle size of the sample gas and a gas monitoring assembly for setting or monitoring the state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression; the gas input end of the gas compression assembly is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device; the gas monitoring assembly sets the target state parameters of the sample gas and controls the gas compression assembly to release the compressed sample gas when the target state parameters are reached, so that invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002 μm in the sample gas are amplified into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10 μm - 20 μm. The number of small water droplets is detected by the particle detection device to detect the ambient gas, achieving a rapid response at the stage of harmful particle generation, with high sensitivity, low false alarm rate, wide application scenarios, and the detection process is not restricted by environmental factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental gas monitoring, and more specifically, to a nanoparticle detection system in environmental gas. Background Art

[0002] In daily life, whether indoors or outdoors, there are a large number of compounds in environmental gas. When these compounds reach the critical conditions for chemical changes, invisible submicron harmful particles (with a diameter of about 0.002 μm) will be released. These invisible submicron particles grow rapidly and accumulate in the environment. When their quantity reaches the critical state, a transformation will occur, resulting in accidents.

[0003] The most common of these accidents is the occurrence of fire. When a substance is heated to overheat, due to chemical changes, the material decomposes, releasing invisible submicron particles (with a diameter of about 0.002 μm). When the substance continues to be heated to the ignition point, carbon particles (so-called soot) begin to form and start to dissolve and burn. The stage from the overheating decomposition of the material to the generation of smoke is what we call the "very early" stage of a fire, as Figure 1 shown.

[0004] With the progress of human technology, the performance of nanoparticle detectors has also been continuously improved, and many problems that could not be solved in the past have been solved. However, to this day, there are still many occasions that challenge the capabilities of nanoparticle detection equipment. In today's complex environment, nanoparticle detection equipment is required to have extremely high sensitivity, low false alarm rate, wide application scenarios, and the ability to be unrestricted by environmental factors.

[0005] However, the functions of existing nanoparticle detectors are relatively single and cannot achieve the above capabilities simultaneously. As a result, nanoparticle detectors cannot respond in a timely manner at the stage when harmful particles are generated in environmental gas, leading to accidents and posing a huge threat to the property of enterprises and the personal safety of the public. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a nanoparticle detection system in environmental gas that can quickly respond at the stage when harmful particles are generated in environmental gas, aiming at the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is to construct a nanoparticle detection system in environmental gas, including a gas sampling device and a particle detection device; it also includes a particle size amplification device; the particle size amplification device includes a gas compression component for amplifying the particle size of nanoparticles in the sample gas, and a gas monitoring component for setting or monitoring the state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression; the gas input end of the gas compression component is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device;

[0008] The gas monitoring component sets the target state parameters of the sample gas, and controls the gas compression component to release the compressed sample gas when the target state parameters are reached, so that the invisible nanoparticles in the sample gas condense into small water droplets with diameters that can be detected respectively; the particle detection device detects the number of the small water droplets when the small water droplets are generated.

[0009] Further, the gas compression component includes: a gas compression pump, a gas compression chamber, and a gas release control member; the gas input end of the gas compression pump is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device; the gas output end of the gas compression pump is connected to the gas input end of the gas compression chamber.

[0010] Further, the target state parameters include a target pressure; when the volume of the gas compression chamber is determined, the target pressure is set by setting the compression frequency and / or gas flow rate of the gas compression pump, and the compression time during the compression process.

[0011] Further, the gas monitoring component includes a gas sensing unit; the gas sensing unit is arranged in the gas compression chamber to monitor various state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression.

[0012] Further, the gas monitoring component further includes a control unit; the control unit is electrically connected to the gas sensing unit, the gas compression pump, and the gas release control member respectively to set the target parameters for compressing the sample gas, and control the gas release control member to release gas when the sample gas reaches the target parameters.

[0013] Further, the gas sensing unit includes, but is not limited to: a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor; the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor are all arranged in the gas compression chamber and are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0014] Further, the gas compression chamber is an adiabatic chamber.

[0015] Further, the gas sampling device includes a blower, a sampling pipe, a filtering component, and a solenoid valve; the gas input end of the sampling pipe is connected to the gas output end of the blower; the gas output end of the sampling pipe is connected to the gas input end of the filtering component; the gas output end of the filtering component is connected to the gas input end of the solenoid valve; the gas output end of the solenoid valve is connected to the gas output end of the gas compression pump.

[0016] Further, the particle detection device includes a laser emitter and a photoelectric sensor disposed in the gas compression chamber; the photoelectric sensor receives the refracted light generated by the laser emitter irradiating on the small water droplets.

[0017] Further, the particle detection device further includes a data analysis component, an alarm component, and a communication component; the data analysis component is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor, the laser emitter, the alarm component, and the communication component respectively.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The gas sampling device is used to collect gases randomly extracted from various places, the gas compression component compresses the collected sample gas, the gas monitoring component is used to set the target parameters of the compressed gas, and controls the gas compression component to quickly release the gas when the target parameters are reached during the compression process, so that the invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002 μm in the sample gas are enlarged into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10 μm - 20 μm. The particle detection device is used to detect the number of small water droplets, detect the environmental gas, realize a rapid response at the stage of harmful particle generation, with high sensitivity, low false alarm rate, wide application scenarios, and the detection process is not limited by environmental factors. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The drawings in the following description are only partial embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a state change diagram of the stage from material overheat decomposition to smoke generation in the background technology of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a nanoparticle detection system in the environmental gas in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a comparison diagram of the changes of particles before and after being compressed and processed in the gas compression chamber in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of the gas compression chamber in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are partial embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 a nanoparticle detection system in ambient gas is provided, which includes a gas sampling device 1 and a particle detection device 3; it further includes a particle size amplification device 2; the particle size amplification device 2 includes a gas compression component 21 for amplifying the particle size of nanoparticles in the sample gas, and a gas monitoring component 22 for setting or monitoring various state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression; the gas input end of the gas compression component 21 is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device 1;

[0026] The gas monitoring component 22 sets the target state parameters of the sample gas, and controls the gas compression component 21 to release the compressed sample gas when the target state parameters are reached, so that the invisible nanoparticles in the sample gas condense into small water droplets with diameters that can be detected respectively; the particle detection device 3 detects the number of small water droplets when the small water droplets are generated.

[0027] The gas sampling device 1 randomly collects sample gas from various places, the gas compression component 21 compresses the collected sample gas, the gas monitoring component 22 sets the target parameters of the compressed gas, and controls the gas compression component 21 to quickly release the gas when the target parameters are reached during the compression process, so that the invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002 μm in the sample gas are amplified into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10 μm - 20 μm. The particle detection device 3 detects the number of small water droplets, and makes corresponding early warning measures according to the detection results to detect the ambient gas, realizing a rapid response at the stage of harmful particle generation.

[0028] In the method of this embodiment, the two most critical processes are: compressing the gas and releasing the gas. After these two actions are completed under precise parameter monitoring and control, the gas can generate condensation nuclei, that is: the invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002 μm in the compressed gas are amplified into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10 μm - 20 μm. This process is the gas particle size amplification process.

[0029] Compared with the existing thermal degradation detection devices, the present application can accurately set the target parameters of gas compression, greatly improving the detection accuracy, having high-sensitivity detection ability, and reducing the trouble of false alarms. By randomly sampling sample gases everywhere to amplify the particle size of the particles in the gas, the detection process is not blocked, and it can quickly respond at the stage of the generation of harmful particles in the ambient gas. It has a wide range of application scenarios and can avoid the troubles caused by air flow dilution of smoke and smoke stratification to the nanoparticle detection system.

[0030] In a further embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the gas compression assembly 21 includes: a gas compression pump 211, a gas compression chamber 212, and a gas release control member 213; the gas input end of the gas compression pump 211 is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device 1; the gas output end of the gas compression pump 211 is connected to the gas input end of the gas compression chamber 212; the gas compression pump 211 randomly extracts a sample gas from a position of the gas sampling device 1, and the gas compression pump 211 continuously injects the sample gas into the gas compression chamber 212 at a certain frequency. Before compression, the gas monitoring assembly 22 first sets the target parameters of gas compression. When the gas compression in the gas compression chamber 212 reaches the target state, the gas monitoring assembly 22 controls the gas release control member 213 to release the gas, so that the invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002 μm in the compressed gas are amplified into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10 μm - 20 μm.

[0031] In the above embodiment, the gas compression pump 211 can inflate the gas compression chamber 212 at a gas flow rate of 5 L / min, and the maximum inflation air pressure reaches 130 Kpa. It can also extract gas from the gas compression chamber 212 at a gas flow rate of 5 L / min, and the maximum extraction vacuum pressure reaches 70 Kpa.

[0032] In the above embodiment, the gas release control member 213 is an electromagnetic valve, which is controlled by the control unit 222, and controls the gas release control member 213 to release the gas when the target parameters are reached during the compression process of the sample gas.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the target state parameters include the target pressure; when the volume of the gas compression chamber 212 is determined, the target pressure is set by setting the compression frequency and / or gas flow rate of the gas compression pump 211, and the compression time during the compression process. The value of the target pressure is associated with the volume of the gas compression chamber 212, the compression frequency and / or gas flow rate, and the compression time. The target pressure is: 30 Kpa - 150 Kpa; preferably, the target pressure is: 50 Kpa - 110 Kpa.

[0034] In the above embodiments, the target parameters of gas compression include but are not limited to: target pressure, compression time, target temperature, target humidity; and / or other target parameters that can cause the invisible nanoparticles in the sample gas to condense into small water droplets with detectable diameters.

[0035] In a further embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the gas monitoring component 22 includes a gas sensor unit 221; the gas sensor unit 221 is arranged in the gas compression chamber 212 to monitor various state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression. The method of detecting whether the sample gas is compressed to the target state includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: during the compression process, monitoring the sample gas pressure value, monitoring the sample gas temperature, and monitoring whether the sample gas humidity reaches the target state.

[0036] In a further embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the gas monitoring component 22 also includes a control unit 222; the control unit 222 is electrically connected to the gas sensor unit 221, the gas compression pump 211 and the gas release control component 213 respectively to set the target parameters of the sample gas compression, and control the gas release control component to release the gas when the sample gas reaches the target parameters.

[0037] In a further embodiment, the gas sensing unit 221 includes but is not limited to: a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are all arranged in the gas compression chamber 212 and electrically connected to the control unit 222.

[0038] Preferably, the target pressure value for compressing the sample gas is in the range of 40-130 kPa, and the reference value of the gas target pressure value is set to 60 kPa. Different target pressure values ​​for compressing the sample gas produce different numbers of particles under the same temperature and humidity conditions. For example, when the target pressure value is 40 kPa, the temperature is 27°C, and the humidity is 50%, the number of particles produced is recorded as A; when the target pressure value is 100 kPa, the temperature is 27°C, and the humidity is 50%, the number of particles produced is recorded as B, and the number of B is greater than A.

[0039] At normal temperature, the higher the humidity, the more particles there are. The number of particles under different temperature and humidity conditions is different. During each particle size enlargement process, the temperature and humidity are different, and the number of particles produced is also different. During each particle size enlargement process, the temperature and humidity change data in the gas compression chamber 212 are recorded. Combined with the change in the number of particle concentrations under different temperatures and humidities, the background data center processes the data, analyzes and predicts the harmful particle situation in the monitored place, and sends early warnings and alarms in a timely manner.

[0040] In a further embodiment, the gas compression chamber 212 is an adiabatic chamber. The adiabatic chamber enables the "compression" process of the sample gas to be adiabatic compression, that is, the gas is compressed without heat exchange with the outside world.

[0041] In a further embodiment, the gas sampling device 1 includes a blower 11, a sampling pipe 14, a filtering component 12, and a solenoid valve 13; the gas input end of the sampling pipe 14 is connected to the gas output end of the blower 11; the gas output end of the sampling pipe 14 is connected to the gas input end of the filtering component 12; the gas output end of the filtering component 12 is connected to the gas input end of the solenoid valve 13; the gas output end of the solenoid valve 13 is connected to the gas output end of the gas compression pump 211. The blower 11 is an air flow control blower. The blower 11 sends a feedback signal with a corresponding frequency to the data analysis component 34 according to the air flow change at the air inlet. The data analysis component 34 adjusts the rotational speed of the blower 11 according to the feedback signal to meet different detection sensitivity requirements. The filtering component 12 can remove impurities such as dust in the air to prevent the nano-detection system from giving false alarms due to the influence of impurities such as dust.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the number of the filtering components 12 is at least two; the data analysis component 34 can determine whether the gas in any one of the filtering components 12 is pumped in for sampling by controlling the opening or closing of the solenoid valve 13.

[0043] In a further embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the particle detection device 3 includes a laser emitter 31 and a photoelectric sensor 32 disposed in the gas compression chamber 212; the photoelectric sensor 32 receives the refracted light generated by the laser emitter 31 irradiating on the small water droplets. The photoelectric sensor 32 is mounted on the gas compression chamber 212, and the first incident light axis of the photoelectric sensor 32 is perpendicular to the emission light axis of the laser emitter 31; both the photoelectric sensor 32 and the laser emitter 31 are electrically connected to the data analysis component 34; the laser emitter 31 can emit a laser source with a wavelength of 400 - 980 nm and a power of 10 mw - 100 mw; the photoelectric sensor 32 can receive light of a specific wavelength and convert it into a current signal that can be recognized and amplified by a circuit unit; the photoelectric sensor 32 has the characteristics of high sensitivity and ultra-low static current.

[0044] At the moment when cloud and mist are formed, an infrared laser is emitted by a laser emitter 31 into a gas compression chamber 212. When the infrared laser irradiates on the misty water droplets, scattered light is formed. A photoelectric sensor 32 absorbs the scattered light within a specific range in the side direction to form an electrical signal. This electrical signal first passes through a current-voltage conversion circuit unit to convert the current signal into a voltage signal of more than 100 mV. After passing through a signal amplification circuit, this voltage signal is amplified to a level that can be recognized by the internal AD conversion circuit of a data analysis component 34. The data analysis component 34 uses a particle concentration diagnostic algorithm to calculate the concentration of particles in the gas compression chamber 212 based on the converted light intensity information.

[0045] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the particle concentration diagnostic method refers to, based on the Mie scattering theory of light, comprehensively using relevant algorithms to collect the scattered light scattered by the particles in the gas compression chamber 212 with a photoelectric sensor 32, simulate the light flux, obtain the relationship between the number of particles and the collected photoelectric signal, and thus calculate the number of particles in the sample air in the gas compression chamber 212. The number of dust particles in the air is much smaller than the number of sub-micron particles of 0.002 μm (about more than 1:25). When the number of particles becomes countable, the thermal degradation alarm threshold can be set above the maximum value of the dust quantity existing in the air (not exceeding 60,000 / cc). For example, setting it at 100,000 / cc can avoid false alarms and can quickly respond at the stage when harmful particles are generated.

[0046] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the data analysis component 34 is electrically connected to the laser emitter 31. The laser emitter 31 is controlled by a PWM pulse with a certain frequency. The PWM pulse allows the laser emitter 31 to emit infrared light with different intensities through different duty cycles, thereby adjusting the sensitivity of particle detection.

[0047] In the above embodiments, according to the internal volume of the gas compression chamber 212, the gas release process will last for a period of time. Let the release time be t seconds. Within t seconds, based on the basic principle of the Wilson cloud chamber, the air will expand instantaneously during the gas release process, and the temperature will drop to reach the supersaturated state. The water vapor in the supersaturated state will generate condensation nuclei on all particles in the gas compression chamber 212, that is, the invisible submicron particles with a minimum particle size of up to 0.002 μm will expand into small water droplets with a diameter of about 20 μm, forming a cloud, realizing the magnification of the particle diameter. The infrared laser emitted by the laser source can form refracted light on the foggy water droplets within t seconds. The photoelectric sensor 32 absorbs the scattered light within a specific range in the side direction to form an electrical signal. This electrical signal first passes through a current-voltage conversion circuit unit to convert the current signal into a voltage signal above 100 mV. After passing through the signal amplification circuit, this voltage signal is amplified to a level that can be recognized by the AD conversion circuit inside the data analysis component 34. The data analysis component 34 uses the particle concentration diagnostic algorithm to calculate the particle concentration in the gas compression chamber 212 based on the converted light intensity information.

[0048] In a further embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the particle detection device 3 further includes a data analysis component 34, an alarm component 33, and a communication component 36; the data analysis component 34 is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor 32, the laser emitter 31, the alarm component 33, and the communication component 331 respectively.

[0049] The alarm component 33 is electrically connected to the data analysis component 34; the alarm component 33 includes a way of directly displaying the alarm information on the display screen, a way of acoustic and optical alarm with LED lights flashing and a buzzer, and a way of sending an alarm to the user terminal through the Internet of Things communication unit; when the data analysis component 34 calculates and determines that the particle concentration range belongs to the alarm range, it will send an instruction to control the alarm component 33 to alarm.

[0050] The communication component 36 includes a communication unit 331 and a server 332; the input end of the communication unit 331 is connected to the output end of the data analysis component 34; the input end of the server 332 is connected to the output end of the communication unit 331; the communication unit 331 adopts the narrowband Internet of Things NB-IoT method, which is compatible with the LTE cellular network standard and has the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, long transmission distance, high data transmission rate, etc. The information is transmitted to the server 332 for storage through the communication unit 331. The server 332 is a cloud server. Users can connect through terminal devices to display and query data information such as the particle concentration change curve, historical system status data, historical alarm data, historical operation record data, etc., perform statistical processing on the collected big data, analyze and predict the situation of harmful particles in the monitored place, and send early warnings and alarms.

[0051] In another embodiment, the communication component 36 may also adopt wired Ethernet communication, Bluetooth, ZigBee, IEEE802.15.4, Weightless-N, Wi-Fi, LTE Cat 0 / 1, etc.

[0052] Taking a typical fire thermal decomposition early warning as an example, the application manner of the above-mentioned compressed gas condensation nucleus method and device in thermal degradation detection will be described in detail through a more specific implementation process.

[0053] Set the target parameters of the gas compression process at the control unit 222. The data analysis component 34 controls the gas sampling device 1 to randomly extract sample gas from any location, and after filtering through the filtering component 12, it is introduced into the gas compression pump 211. The gas compression pump 211 continuously injects the gas into the gas compression chamber 212 at a certain frequency. The gas sensing unit 221 monitors various states of the compressed gas, and when the target state parameters are reached, it controls the gas compression component 21 to release the compressed sample gas, so that the invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002μm in the sample gas are amplified into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10μm - 20μm. The laser emitter 31 emits a laser source to irradiate the small water droplets to generate refracted light, and the photoelectric sensor 32 receives the refracted light to form an electrical signal. This electrical signal first passes through a current-voltage conversion circuit unit to convert the current signal into a voltage signal above 100mV. After passing through the signal amplification circuit, this voltage signal is amplified to a level that can be recognized by the internal AD conversion circuit of the data analysis component 34. The data analysis component 34 uses the particle concentration diagnostic algorithm for this converted light intensity information to calculate the particle concentration in the gas compression chamber 212.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the particle concentration diagnostic method refers to, based on the Mie scattering theory of light, comprehensively using relevant algorithms, collecting the scattered light scattered by the particles in the gas compression chamber 212 with the photoelectric sensor 32, simulating the light flux, obtaining the relationship between the number of particles and the collected photoelectric signal, and thus calculating the number of particles in the sample air in the gas compression chamber 212. The number of dust particles in the air is much smaller than the number of sub-micron particles with a diameter of 0.002μm (about 1:25 or more). When the number of particles becomes countable, the thermal degradation alarm threshold can be set above the maximum value of the dust quantity in the air (not exceeding 60000 / cc), such as 100000 / cc, so as to avoid false alarms and quickly respond in the very early stage of a fire.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the target pressure is: 30 Kpa to 150 Kpa; preferably, the target pressure is: 50 Kpa to 110 Kpa. The gas compression pump 211 can inflate the gas compression chamber 212 at a gas flow rate of 5 L / min, and the maximum inflation air pressure reaches 130 Kpa. It can also extract gas from the gas compression chamber 212 at a gas flow rate of 5 L / min, and the maximum extraction vacuum pressure reaches 70 Kpa.

[0056] Preferably, the value range of the target pressure value for compressing the sample gas is 40 - 130 kPa, and the reference value of the gas target pressure value is set to 60 kPa. Different target pressure values for compressing the sample gas produce different numbers of particles under the same temperature and humidity conditions. For example, when the target pressure value is 40 kPa, the temperature is 27 °C, and the humidity is 50%, the number of generated particles is denoted as A; when the target pressure value is 100 kPa, the temperature is 27 °C, and the humidity is 50%, the number of generated particles is denoted as B, then the number of B is greater than A.

[0057] Under normal temperature conditions, the higher the humidity, the more the number of particles. The number of particles under different temperature and humidity conditions is different. During each particle size amplification process, the temperature and humidity are different, and the number of generated particles is also different. During each particle size amplification process, the change data of the temperature and humidity in the gas compression chamber 212 are recorded. Combining the change in the particle concentration quantity under different temperatures and humidities, the data center in the background processes the data, analyzes and predicts the fire situation in the monitored area, and timely sends thermal degradation warnings and alarms.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the gas compression chamber 212 is an adiabatic chamber. The adiabatic chamber makes the "compression" process of the sample gas an adiabatic compression, that is, the gas is compressed without heat exchange with the outside world.

[0059] It should be understood that for those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nanoparticle detection system in ambient gas, comprising a gas sampling device and a particle detection device; characterized in that, It further includes a particle size amplification device; the particle size amplification device includes a gas compression component for amplifying the particle size of nanoparticles in the sample gas, and a gas monitoring component for setting or monitoring the state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression; the gas input end of the gas compression component is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device; The gas monitoring component sets the target state parameters of the sample gas, and when the target state parameters are reached, controls the gas compression component to release the compressed sample gas, so that the invisible nanoparticles in the sample gas condense into small water droplets with diameters that can be detected respectively; the particle detection device detects the number of the small water droplets when the small water droplets are generated; The gas compression component includes: a gas compression pump, a gas compression chamber and a gas release control member; the gas input end of the gas compression pump is connected to the gas output end of the gas sampling device; the gas output end of the gas compression pump is connected to the gas input end of the gas compression chamber; so that the invisible particles with a minimum diameter of 0.002 μm in the compressed gas are amplified into detectable small water droplets with a diameter range of 10 μm - 20 μm; The particle detection device includes a laser emitter and a photoelectric sensor arranged in the gas compression chamber; the photoelectric sensor receives the refracted light generated by the laser emitter irradiating on the small water droplets.

2. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target state parameters include the target pressure; when the volume of the gas compression chamber is determined, the target pressure is set by setting the compression frequency and / or gas flow rate of the gas compression pump, and the compression time during the compression process.

3. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas monitoring component includes a gas sensing unit; the gas sensing unit is arranged in the gas compression chamber to monitor various state parameters of the sample gas before and after compression.

4. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas monitoring component further includes a control unit; the control unit is electrically connected to the gas sensing unit, the gas compression pump and the gas release control member respectively, to set the target parameters for compressing the sample gas, and controls the gas release control member to release gas when the sample gas reaches the target parameters.

5. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 3, wherein The gas sensing unit includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are all arranged in the gas compression chamber and are electrically connected to the control unit.

6. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 1, wherein The gas compression chamber is an adiabatic chamber.

7. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 1, wherein The gas sampling device includes a fan, a sampling pipe, a filtering component and a solenoid valve; the gas input end of the sampling pipe is connected to the gas output end of the fan; the gas output end of the sampling pipe is connected to the gas input end of the filtering component; the gas output end of the filtering component is connected to the gas input end of the solenoid valve; the gas output end of the solenoid valve is connected to the gas output end of the gas compression pump.

8. The nanoparticle detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle detection device further includes a data analysis component, an alarm component and a communication component; the data analysis component is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor, the laser emitter, the alarm component and the communication component respectively.

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