A hydraulic support base and a hydraulic support

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydraulic support base and a hydraulic support. The hydraulic support base includes two base bodies, a first box body, a second box body, and a gantry bridge type box body. The two sides of the first box body are respectively connected to the front sides of the tops of the two base bodies; the two sides of the second box body are respectively connected to the rear sides of the tops of the two base bodies; the gantry bridge type box body includes a transverse box body and vertical box bodies located on both sides of the transverse box body and connected to the side walls of the base bodies. The two sides of the transverse box body are respectively connected to the first box body and the second box body; wherein, front connecting rod holes and rear connecting rod holes are further provided at positions corresponding to the second box body on the base bodies. By connecting the two base bodies through the gantry bridge type box body, the present invention can increase the cross-sectional area of the transverse connection of the two base bodies, enable two independent front connecting rods to be respectively connected to the hydraulic support base, and thus replace the integral front connecting rod in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mining machinery, and particularly relates to a hydraulic support base and a hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] At present, the end hydraulic support equipment mainly consists of main stress components such as a roof beam 1a, a base 2a, an inclined beam 3a, an integral front connecting rod 4a, a split rear connecting rod 5a, etc. As Figure 1 shown, the roof beam 1a is arranged in two rows side by side, and each roof beam 1a is hinged to the inclined beam 3a. The integral front connecting rod 4a and the split rear connecting rod 5a respectively connect the inclined beam 3a to the base 1a through hinges. And Figure 2 it can be seen that the hydraulic support base in the prior art is composed of two left and right bases that are mirror images of each other. The two are placed side by side to jointly bear the pressure and torque transmitted by the integral front connecting rod 4a and the split rear connecting rod 5a.

[0003] Since the end hydraulic support is designed with a two-row working condition, and the middle is the installation position of the conveyor. Due to the characteristics of the two-row end hydraulic support, it is easy to generate a large torque transversely. It is mainly borne by the transverse frame structure composed of the inclined beam 3a and the integral front connecting rod 4a. As Figure 3 shown, the integral front connecting rod 4a in the prior art is formed by welding two front connecting rods through a diamond-shaped box body. The welding joint between the diamond-shaped box body and the two front connecting rods is relatively weak and prone to stress concentration and damage. If the integral front connecting rod 4a is damaged, it will not only pose a safety hazard to the conveyor below it, but also cause greater economic losses due to the time required for shutdown maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic support base and a hydraulic support. Among them, the hydraulic support base can be hinged to a split front connecting rod, thereby avoiding the problem of damage to the integral front connecting rod caused by stress concentration at the welding joint between the diamond-shaped box body and the front connecting rod on the integral front connecting rod.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a hydraulic support base, including:

[0006] Two base bodies;

[0007] A first box body, the two sides of which are respectively connected to the front sides of the tops of the two base bodies;

[0008] A second box body, the two sides of which are respectively connected to the rear sides of the tops of the two base bodies;

[0009] A gantry bridge box body, including a horizontal box body and vertical box bodies located on both sides of the horizontal box body and connected to the side walls of the base body. The two sides of the horizontal box body are respectively connected to the first box body and the second box body;

[0010] Wherein, front link connection holes and rear link connection holes are further provided at positions corresponding to the second box body on the base body.

[0011] Furthermore, the base body includes:

[0012] First rib plates, which are connected by a first bottom plate between the two first rib plates, and both sides of the first box body are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates;

[0013] Second rib plates, the bottom of which is connected to the first bottom plate and located between the two first rib plates, and both sides of the second box body are respectively connected to one of the second rib plates;

[0014] Third rib plates, which are located outside the two first rib plates;

[0015] Wherein, the front link connection holes are respectively provided at positions of the first rib plates and the second rib plates close to the first box body, and the rear link connection holes are respectively provided at positions of the first rib plates and the third rib plates far from the first box body.

[0016] Furthermore, the first box body includes:

[0017] First side plates, both sides of which are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates, and the bottom is connected to the front end of the first bottom plate;

[0018] Second side plates, both sides of which are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates, and the bottom is connected to the position of the first bottom plate close to the gantry bridge box body, and the height of the second side plates is greater than the height of the first side plates;

[0019] First cover plates, which are connected to the first side plates and the second side plates, and the two first rib plates, the first side plates, the second side plates, the first cover plates and the first bottom plate form a right trapezoidal box body.

[0020] Furthermore, the second box body includes:

[0021] Third side plates, both sides of which are respectively connected to one of the second rib plates, and the bottom is connected to the rear end of the first bottom plate;

[0022] Fourth side plates, both sides of which are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates, and the bottom is connected to the position of the first bottom plate close to the gantry bridge box body, and the fourth side plates are also connected to the second rib plates, the height of the fourth side plates is greater than the height of the third side plates, and the height of the fourth side plates is the same as the height of the second side plates;

[0023] The second cover plate includes a horizontal cover plate portion and an inclined cover plate portion connected to the horizontal cover plate portion. The horizontal cover plate portion is connected to the fourth side plate, and the inclined cover plate portion is connected to the third side plate. The two second rib plates, the third side plate, the fourth side plate, the second cover plate and the first bottom plate (104) form a pentagonal trapezoidal box body.

[0024] Furthermore, a vertically arranged first reinforcing plate is connected between the horizontal cover plate portion and the first bottom plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the horizontal box body includes:

[0026] A third cover plate, which is connected to the second side plate and the fourth side plate, so that the second side plate, the fourth side plate, the third cover plate and the first bottom plate form a box body;

[0027] A second reinforcing plate, which is located below the third cover plate and is connected to the second side plate and the fourth side plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the vertical box body includes:

[0029] A second bottom plate, which is connected to the bottom of the first rib plate;

[0030] A fifth rib plate, which is respectively connected to the third cover plate and the second bottom plate. The first rib plate, the fifth rib plate and the second bottom plate form a box body connected to the side of the base body.

[0031] Furthermore, the vertical box body further includes a patch plate with two ends respectively connected to the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate and arranged close to the first rib plate; and a plurality of vertically arranged third reinforcing plates are further arranged in the horizontal box body and are respectively connected to the third cover plate and the first bottom plate.

[0032] On the other hand, the present invention provides a hydraulic support, including the hydraulic support base as described above.

[0033] Furthermore, the hydraulic support base is respectively hinged to the front link and the rear link through a front link connection hole and a rear link connection hole, and the center distance between the two front links is less than the distance between the two base bodies, and the center distance between the two rear links is greater than the distance between the two base bodies.

[0034] A hydraulic support base and a hydraulic support provided by the present invention integrate two base bodies through a first box body, a second box body and a gantry bridge box body. Among them, the two base bodies are connected by the gantry bridge box body, which can increase the cross-sectional area of the transverse connection of the two base bodies. Two independent front connecting rods can be respectively connected to the hydraulic support base, thus replacing the integral front connecting rod in the prior art. Therefore, the hydraulic support base provided by the present invention can avoid the damage to the integral front connecting rod caused by stress concentration at the welding joint between the diamond box body on the integral front connecting rod and the front connecting rod.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and, in part, will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written specification, claims, and drawings.

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0037] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic support in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic support base in the prior art;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an integral front connecting rod in the prior art;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the hinge points of the front and rear connecting rods on the hydraulic support base in the prior art;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic support base of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 is a top view of the hydraulic support base of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view of the hydraulic support base of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention at A-A;

[0045] Figure 8 is a side view of the hydraulic support base of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 Longitudinal sectional view of the hydraulic support base at B - B in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic support base connecting the front link and the rear link in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic support in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the hinge point centers of the front and rear links on the hydraulic support base in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] In the figure:

[0051] 1a - top beam, 2a - base, 3a - inclined beam, 4a - integral front link, 5a - split rear link;

[0052] 1 - base body, 101 - first rib plate, 102 - second rib plate, 103 - third rib plate, 104 - first bottom plate;

[0053] 2 - first box body, 201 - first side plate, 202 - second side plate, 203 - first cover plate;

[0054] 3 - second box body, 301 - third side plate, 302 - fourth side plate, 303 - second cover plate, 3031 - horizontal cover plate part, 3032 - inclined cover plate part;

[0055] 4 - gantry - type box body, 401 - horizontal box body, 402 - vertical box body, 4011 - third cover plate, 4012 - second reinforcement plate, 4013 - third reinforcement plate, 4021 - second bottom plate, 4022 - fifth rib plate, 4023 - attaching plate;

[0056] 5 - front link connection hole;

[0057] 6 - rear link connection hole;

[0058] 7 - front link;

[0059] 8 - rear link;

[0060] 9 - first reinforcement plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0062] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "joined", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0065] A hydraulic support base provided by the present invention, see Figure 5 and 6 , comprising two base bodies 1, a first box body 2, a second box body 3, and a gantry bridge box body 4; both sides of the first box body 2 are respectively connected to the front sides of the tops of the two base bodies 1; both sides of the second box body 3 are respectively connected to the rear sides of the tops of the two base bodies 1; the gantry bridge box body 4 includes a transverse box body 401 and vertical box bodies 402 located on both sides of the transverse box body 401 and connected to the side walls of the base body 1, and both sides of the transverse box body 401 are respectively connected to the first box body 2 and the second box body 3; wherein, front link connection holes 5 and rear link connection holes 6 are further provided at positions corresponding to the second box body 3 on the base body 1.

[0066] The two base bodies 1 are integrated by the first box body 2, the second box body 3 and the gantry - type box body 4. Among them, the two base bodies 1 are connected by the gantry - type box body 4, which can increase the cross - sectional area of the transverse connection of the two base bodies 1. The two independent front connecting rods 7 can be respectively connected to the hydraulic support base, thus replacing the integral front connecting rod 4a in the prior art. Therefore, the hydraulic support base provided by the present invention can avoid the damage to the integral front connecting rod 4a caused by stress concentration at the welding joint between the diamond - shaped box body on the integral front connecting rod 4a and the front connecting rod 7.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the base body 1 includes a first rib plate 101, a second rib plate 102 and a third rib plate 103. The two first rib plates 101 are connected by a first bottom plate 104, and both sides of the first box body 2 are respectively connected to a first rib plate 101; the bottom of the second rib plate 102 is connected to the first bottom plate 104 and is located between the two first rib plates 101, and both sides of the second box body 3 are respectively connected to a second rib plate 102; the third rib plate 103 is located outside the two first rib plates 101. Among them, front connecting rod connection holes 5 are respectively provided at positions of the first rib plate 101 and the second rib plate 102 close to the first box body 2, and rear connecting rod connection holes 6 are respectively provided at positions of the first rib plate 101 and the third rib plate 103 far from the first box body 2. In this embodiment, since the integral front connecting rod 4a and the split rear connecting rod 5a connected to the hydraulic support base in the prior art generally adhere to the outer main rib plates, the center distance L1 between the front connecting rods on the integral front connecting rod 4a is smaller than the center distance L2 of the split rear connecting rod 5a, but the difference is not large. Refer to Figures 1 to 4 , when the top beam is compressed and the force is transmitted to the inclined beam, due to the uneven force of the top beam located on the hydraulic support base, it is easy to cause torque on the inclined beam. The torque of the inclined beam affects the relative positions of the integral front connecting rod 4a and the split rear connecting rod 5a, and further causes relative displacement between the integral front connecting rod 4a and the split rear connecting rod 5a. Among them, the relative displacement at the hinge joint between the inclined beam 3a and the integral front connecting rod 4a is larger than that at the hinge joint between the inclined beam 3a and the split rear connecting rod 5a. Therefore, generally, the integral front connecting rod 4a is more stressed and more likely to be damaged than the split rear connecting rod 5a. Therefore, in the present invention, by arranging the front connecting rod connection holes at positions of the first rib plate 101 and the second rib plate 102 close to the first box body 2, and arranging the rear connecting rod connection holes 6 at positions of the first rib plate 101 and the third rib plate 103 far from the first box body 2, the outer side of the front connecting rod 7 and the inner side of the rear connecting rod 8 connected to the hydraulic support base respectively adhere to both sides of the first rib plate 101, and the center distance L3 of the front connecting rod 7 is significantly smaller than the center distance L4 of the rear connecting rod 8, and the difference is large. Refer to Figure 12, the center distance L3 of the front connecting rod 7 is reduced, thereby making the hinge position between the inclined beam and the front connecting rod 7 shift more towards the center of the inclined beam, reducing the relative displacement change between the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8, making the force on the front connecting rod 7 smaller, and the reduced force is borne by the rear connecting rod 8, thereby making the relative forces on the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8 more uniform, and further extending the service life of the front connecting rod 7.

[0068] Preferably, referring to Figure 7 , the first box body 2 includes a first side plate 201, a second side plate 202 and a first cover plate 203. The two sides of the first side plate 201 are respectively connected to a first rib plate 101, and the bottom is connected to the front end of the first bottom plate 104; the two sides of the second side plate 202 are respectively connected to a first rib plate 101, and the bottom is connected to the position of the first bottom plate 104 close to the gantry bridge box body 4. The height of the second side plate 202 is greater than the height of the first side plate 201; the first cover plate 203 is connected to the first side plate 201 and the second side plate 202. The two first rib plates 101, the first side plate 201, the second side plate 202, the first cover plate 203 and the first bottom plate 104 form a right trapezoidal box body. In this embodiment, the first cover plate 203 is connected to the first side plate 201, the second side plate 202 and the first rib plate 101 by fillet welding or groove welding.

[0069] Further, the second box body 3 includes a third side plate 301, a fourth side plate 302 and a second cover plate 303. The two sides of the third side plate 301 are respectively connected to a second rib plate 102, and the bottom is connected to the rear end of the first bottom plate 104; the two sides of the fourth side plate 302 are respectively connected to a first rib plate 101, and the bottom is connected to the position of the first bottom plate 104 close to the gantry bridge box body 4. The fourth side plate 302 is also connected to the second rib plate 102. The height of the fourth side plate 302 is greater than the height of the third side plate 301, and the height of the fourth side plate 302 is the same as the height of the second side plate 202; the second cover plate 303 includes a horizontal cover plate portion 3031 and an inclined cover plate portion 3032 connected to the horizontal cover plate portion 3031. The horizontal cover plate portion 3031 is connected to the fourth side plate 302, and the inclined cover plate portion 3032 is connected to the third side plate 301. The two second rib plates 102, the third side plate 301, the fourth side plate 302, the second cover plate 303 and the first bottom plate 104 form a pentagonal trapezoidal box body.

[0070] Wherein, a vertically arranged first reinforcing plate 9 is connected between the horizontal cover plate portion 3031 and the first bottom plate 104.

[0071] Preferably, referring to Figure 8 and 9, the horizontal box body 401 includes a third cover plate 4011 and a second reinforcing plate 4012. The third cover plate 4011 is connected to the second side plate 202 and the fourth side plate 302, so that the second side plate 202, the fourth side plate 302, the third cover plate 4011 and the first bottom plate 104 form a box body; the second reinforcing plate 4012 is located below the third cover plate 4011 and is connected to the second side plate 202 and the fourth side plate 302.

[0072] Among them, the vertical box body 402 includes a second bottom plate 4021 and a fifth rib plate 4022. The second bottom plate 4021 is connected to the bottom of the first rib plate 101; the fifth rib plate 4022 is connected to the third cover plate 4011 and the second bottom plate 4021 respectively. The first rib plate 101, the fifth rib plate 4022, and the second bottom plate 4021 form a box body connected to the side of the base body 1.

[0073] Preferably, the vertical box body 402 further includes a patch plate 4023 with two ends respectively connected to the first bottom plate 104 and the second bottom plate 4021 and arranged close to the first rib plate 101; a plurality of third reinforcing plates 4013 are vertically arranged in the horizontal box body 401 and are respectively connected to the third cover plate 4011 and the first bottom plate 104.

[0074] A hydraulic support provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned hydraulic support base.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 10 and 11 , the hydraulic support base is hinged to the front link 7 and the rear link 8 through the front link connection hole 5 and the rear link connection hole 6 respectively, and the center distance between the two front links 7 is less than the distance between the two base bodies 1, and the center distance between the two rear links 8 is greater than the distance between the two base bodies 1. In this embodiment, the two independent front links 7 are respectively hinged to the hydraulic support base, and by making the center distance between the two front links 7 less than the center distance between the two rear links 8, the moment borne by the front link 7 is reduced and the stress concentration points are reduced.

[0076] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support base, characterized in that, Comprising: Two base bodies (1); A first box body (2) whose two sides are respectively connected to the front sides of the tops of the two base bodies (1); A second box body (3) whose two sides are respectively connected to the rear sides of the tops of the two base bodies (1); A gantry - type box body (4), including a horizontal box body (401) and vertical box bodies (402) located on both sides of the horizontal box body (401) and connected to the side walls of the base body (1), and both sides of the horizontal box body (401) are respectively connected to the first box body (2) and the second box body (3); Wherein, the two base bodies are integrated into one body through the first box body (2), the second box body (3) and the gantry - type box body, and front connecting rod holes (5) and rear connecting rod holes (6) are further provided at positions corresponding to the second box body (3) on the base body (1); The base body (1) includes: First rib plates (101), which are connected by a first bottom plate (104) between the two first rib plates (101), and both sides of the first box body (2) are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates (101); Second rib plates (102), whose bottoms are connected to the first bottom plate (104) and are located between the two first rib plates (101), and both sides of the second box body (3) are respectively connected to one of the second rib plates (102); Third rib plates (103), which are located outside the two first rib plates (101); Wherein, the front connecting rod holes (5) are respectively provided at positions of the first rib plates (101) and the second rib plates (102) close to the first box body (2), and the rear connecting rod holes (6) are respectively provided at positions of the first rib plates (101) and the third rib plates (103) far from the first box body (2); The first box body (2) includes: First side plates (201), whose two sides are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates (101), and the bottom is connected to the front end of the first bottom plate (104); Second side plates (202), whose two sides are respectively connected to one of the first rib plates (101), and the bottom is connected to the position of the first bottom plate (104) close to the gantry - type box body (4), and the height of the second side plates (202) is greater than the height of the first side plates (201); A first cover plate (203), which is connected to the first side plates (201) and the second side plates (202), and the two first rib plates (101), the first side plates (201), the second side plates (202), the first cover plate (203) and the first bottom plate (104) form a right - angled trapezoidal box body; The second box body (3) includes: Third side plates (301), whose two sides are respectively connected to one of the second rib plates (102), and the bottom is connected to the rear end of the first bottom plate (104); The fourth side plate (302) is connected to one of the first rib plates (101) on both sides, and the bottom is connected to the position of the first bottom plate (104) close to the gantry - type box body (4). The fourth side plate (302) is also connected to the second rib plate (102). The height of the fourth side plate (302) is greater than the height of the third side plate (301), and the height of the fourth side plate (302) is the same as the height of the second side plate (202); The second cover plate (303) includes a horizontal cover plate part (3031) and an inclined cover plate part (3032) connected to the horizontal cover plate part (3031). The horizontal cover plate part (3031) is connected to the fourth side plate (302), and the inclined cover plate part (3032) is connected to the third side plate (301). The two second rib plates (102), the third side plate (301), the fourth side plate (302), the second cover plate (303) and the first bottom plate (104) form a pentagonal trapezoidal box body; A vertically - arranged first reinforcing plate (9) is connected between the horizontal cover plate part (3031) and the first bottom plate (104).

2. The hydraulic support base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse box body (401) includes: A third cover plate (4011) is connected to the second side plate (202) and the fourth side plate (302), so that the second side plate (202), the fourth side plate (302), the third cover plate (4011) and the first bottom plate (104) form a box body; A second reinforcing plate (4012) is located below the third cover plate (4011) and is connected to the second side plate (202) and the fourth side plate (302).

3. The hydraulic support base according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical box body (402) includes: A second bottom plate (4021) is connected to the bottom of the first rib plate (101); A fifth rib plate (4022) is connected to the third cover plate (4011) and the second bottom plate (4021) respectively. The first rib plate (101), the fifth rib plate (4022) and the second bottom plate (4021) form a box body connected to the side of the base body.

4. The hydraulic support base according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical box body (402) further includes a patch plate (4023) with both ends connected to the first bottom plate (104) and the second bottom plate (4021) and arranged close to the first rib plate (101); A plurality of vertically - arranged third reinforcing plates (4013) are also arranged in the transverse box body (401) and are connected to the third cover plate (4011) and the first bottom plate (104) respectively.

5. A hydraulic support, characterized in that, Including the hydraulic support base according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hydraulic support base is hinged to the front connecting rod (7) and the rear connecting rod (8) through a front connecting rod connection hole (5) and a rear connecting rod connection hole (6) respectively. The center distance between the two front connecting rods (7) is less than the distance between the two base bodies (1), and the center distance between the two rear connecting rods (8) is greater than the distance between the two base bodies (1); Wherein, the force on the front connecting rod (7) is reduced, and the rear connecting rod (8) bears the reduced force of the front connecting rod (7).

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