Intramedullary nail locking mechanism and surgical instrument box containing the same

Abstract

The application provides an intramedullary nail locking mechanism and a surgical instrument box comprising the same, and belongs to the technical field of surgical instruments.The intramedullary nail locking mechanism comprises a detachably connected proximal aiming module and a distal aiming module;the proximal aiming module and the distal aiming module are respectively provided with a damping sheet and an aiming hole.The intramedullary nail locking mechanism has a simple structure and is convenient to use;the distal aiming module can be selected to be connected or not according to the need, the inconvenience caused by replacing surgical instruments during surgery and the prolongation of the surgery time can be avoided, and the surgery cost can be saved;in addition, the setting of the damping sheet can ensure the aiming and positioning accuracy of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of surgical instruments, and in particular relates to an intramedullary nail locking mechanism and a surgical instrument box containing the same. Background Art

[0002] Limb surgeries account for a large proportion of bone trauma surgeries. In order to facilitate doctors' surgical operations, some special instruments will be designed according to different types of surgeries to save surgical time and help doctors complete the surgery better.

[0003] Intramedullary fixation (IMF) is currently widely used in orthopedic medical devices due to its advantages, such as better control of axial force lines. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism is one of the surgical instruments used for intramedullary fixation, which can be used for external aiming. However, existing intramedullary nail locking mechanisms require replacement during use, increasing surgical time and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an intramedullary nail locking mechanism and an intramedullary nail surgical instrument. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can be selected whether to connect a distal aiming module as needed, which can avoid the inconvenience of replacing surgical instruments during surgery and the extension of surgery time, and can also save surgical costs. In addition, due to the setting of the damping plate, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism can be aimed and positioned accurately.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An intramedullary nail locking mechanism, comprising a proximal aiming module and a distal aiming module that are detachably connected;

[0007] The proximal aiming module includes a proximal aiming arm and a proximal damping plate, one end of the proximal damping plate is fixed to the proximal aiming arm, and the other end is freely arranged, with a gap between the proximal damping plate and the proximal aiming arm; the proximal aiming arm and the proximal damping plate are correspondingly provided with first aiming holes;

[0008] The remote aiming module includes a remote aiming arm and a remote damping plate. One end of the remote damping plate is fixed to the remote aiming arm, and the other end is freely set, and there is a gap between the remote damping plate and the remote aiming arm; second aiming holes are correspondingly provided on the remote aiming arm and the remote damping plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the distal end of the proximal aiming module is provided with a positioning groove and a second locking portion; the proximal end of the distal aiming module is provided with a positioning pin, which is inserted into the positioning groove and locked by the second locking portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the second locking portion includes a fixedly connected knob and a fixing pin, a threaded hole communicating with the positioning groove is provided at the distal end of the proximal aiming module, and the fixing pin is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning pin and the positioning groove are tightly fitted, and the positioning pin is provided with a positioning recess that cooperates with the second locking portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning groove is arranged at the distal bottom of the proximal aiming module, the positioning groove is a stepped groove, and the positioning pin is a stepped positioning pin.

[0013] Furthermore, the free end of the proximal damping plate is arranged at the distal end of the proximal aiming module, and the free end of the distal damping plate is arranged at the proximal end of the distal aiming module.

[0014] Furthermore, the size of the distal aiming module gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0015] Furthermore, there are multiple second aiming holes.

[0016] Furthermore, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism further includes a connecting module, and the connecting module is connected to the proximal aiming module.

[0017] The present invention also provides an intramedullary nail surgical instrument box, which includes the intramedullary nail locking mechanism described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism and intramedullary nail surgical instrument described in the present invention have the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The intramedullary nail locking mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can be connected to a distal aiming module as needed, which can avoid the inconvenience of replacing surgical instruments during surgery and the extension of surgical time, and can also save surgical costs; it has good practicality and economy;

[0020] (2) The intramedullary nail locking mechanism is equipped with a damping plate, which can prevent the guide sleeve from shaking during surgery and ensure accurate positioning;

[0021] (3) The detachable connection structure of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism is firmly fixed, which can prevent the locking mechanism from shaking during surgery;

[0022] (4) The intramedullary nail locking mechanism can conveniently adjust the rotation angle and the upper and lower positions of the intramedullary nail, and can meet the needs of people of different heights and different bone structures for intramedullary nails of different lengths and different curvatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism provided by one embodiment of the present invention after being connected to the intramedullary nail;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the portion of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism connected to the intramedullary nail (excluding the distal aiming module) provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism provided by one embodiment of the present invention after connecting the intramedullary nail, the protective sleeve and the drill bit;

[0027] Figure 4 An embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of

[0028] Figure 5 A top view of the proximal aiming module and the distal aiming module provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of AA in the figure;

[0030] Figure 7 A right side view of the proximal aiming module and the distal aiming module after being installed in cooperation with each other, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Intramedullary nail;

[0033] 2. Connect the modules; 21. Lock the inner sleeve; 22. Secure the outer sleeve;

[0034] 3. Proximal targeting module;

[0035] 31. First connecting unit; 311. Sleeve; 312. Positioning portion; 313. Fixing block; 314. First knob; 315. Fixing pin; 316. Sliding rod; 317. Pressing piece; 318. Spring;

[0036] 32. Proximal aiming unit; 321. Proximal aiming arm; 322. Proximal damping plate; 323. First aiming hole;

[0037] 33. Second connecting unit; 331. Positioning groove; 332. Second knob; 333. Fixing pin; 334. Threaded hole;

[0038] 4. Remote aiming module;

[0039] 41. distal connection unit; 411. positioning pin; 412. positioning recess;

[0040] 42. Remote aiming unit; 421. Remote aiming arm; 422. Remote damping plate; 423. Second aiming hole;

[0041] 5. Protective sleeve;

[0042] 6. Drill bit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0046] The proximal end and the distal end are named according to the distance between the intramedullary nail locking mechanism and the operator. The proximal end refers to the end of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism closer to the operator, and the distal end refers to the end of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism farther from the operator.

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0048] An intramedullary nail surgical instrument box, including an intramedullary nail locking mechanism, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism includes a connecting module 2, a proximal aiming module 3 and a distal aiming module 4 connected in sequence;

[0049] The connecting module 2 includes a locking inner sleeve 21 and a fixed outer sleeve 22. One end of the locking inner sleeve 21 passes through the interior of the fixed outer sleeve 22 and is coaxially connected thereto, and then is threadedly connected to the intramedullary nail 1. The other end is arranged outside the fixed outer sleeve 22.

[0050] The locking inner sleeve 21 is a rod-type structure, and its end extending into the fixed outer sleeve 22 has a threaded structure, and the threaded structure is consistent with the tail thread of the intramedullary nail 1. The locking inner sleeve 21 is provided with a tightening drive structure at the end away from the intramedullary nail 1, and the drive structure is a hexagonal, plum blossom or square structure; the fixed outer sleeve 22 is a hollow rod-type structure, and its end close to the intramedullary nail 1 is provided with an anti-fool structure, and the side wall of the fixed outer sleeve 22 in contact with the proximal aiming module 3 is provided with a tapered hole or a circular hole structure for rotational positioning.

[0051] The proximal aiming module 3 includes a first connection unit 31, a proximal aiming unit 32 and a second connection unit 33;

[0052] The first connecting unit 31 is used to connect to the connecting module 2; specifically, the first connecting unit 31 includes a connecting sleeve fixed to one end of the proximal aiming unit 32 and a fixing portion provided on the connecting sleeve for cooperating with the fixed outer sleeve 22;

[0053] The connecting sleeve includes a sleeve 311 and a positioning portion 312 provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 311 , wherein the positioning portion 312 is fixed to one end of the proximal aiming unit 32 ;

[0054] When the cam 314 is in the unlocking state, the locking cam 315 is locked and the locking cam 316 is locked, so that the cam 314 can be unlocked and locked in the unlocking state. When the connecting module 2 is placed in the sleeve 311, the first knob 314 is rotated to make the fixing pin 315 cooperate with the circular hole or tapered hole provided on the outer wall of the fixed outer sleeve 22; when the connecting module 2 needs to be moved, the first knob 314 is first turned to loosen the connection between the fixing pin 315 and the tapered hole or circular hole on the fixed outer sleeve 22, and then the connecting module 2 is moved as needed. Since the outer surface of the fixed outer sleeve 22 is provided with multiple tapered holes or circular holes as needed, and the hollow structure of the fixing pin 315 is provided with an elastic spring 318, after the fixing pin 315 cooperates with different tapered holes or circular holes, the operator can hear a sound to prompt the moving position and matching status of the connecting module 2; the spring 318 can be replaced by other elastic members; the first connecting unit 31 and the connecting module 2 cooperate with each other to move the position of the intramedullary nail 1 to adapt to different patients;

[0055] The proximal aiming unit 32 includes a proximal aiming arm 321 and a proximal damping plate 322. One end of the proximal damping plate 322 is fixed to the proximal aiming arm 321, while the other end is freely disposed. A gap is formed between the proximal damping plate 322 and the proximal aiming arm 321. First aiming holes 323 are correspondingly disposed on the proximal aiming arm 321 and the proximal damping plate 322. One or more first aiming holes 323 can be provided as needed, such as two, three, or five. The free end of the proximal damping plate 322 is disposed at the distal end of the proximal aiming module 3.

[0056] The second connecting unit 33 is provided at the bottom of the distal end of the proximal aiming arm 321 and includes a positioning groove 331, a threaded hole 334 connected to the positioning groove 331 and provided on the side surface of the distal end of the proximal aiming arm 321, a second knob 332, and a fixing pin 333 fixedly connected to the second knob 332. The fixing pin 333 has a threaded outer surface that is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole 334. The positioning groove 331 is preferably a stepped groove, in which case the connection between the proximal aiming arm 321 and the distal aiming arm 421 is more stable.

[0057] The remote aiming module 4 includes a remote connection unit 41 and a remote aiming unit 42;

[0058] The distal connection unit 41 includes a positioning pin 411. A positioning recess 412 is provided on the surface of the positioning pin 411 that cooperates with the fixing pin 333. Preferably, the positioning pin 411 is a stepped positioning pin. In this case, the connection between the proximal aiming arm 321 and the distal aiming arm 421 is more stable.

[0059] The distal aiming unit 42 comprises a distal aiming arm 421 and a distal damping plate 422. One end of the distal damping plate 422 is fixed to the distal aiming arm 421, while the other end is free-standing, with a gap between the distal damping plate 422 and the distal aiming arm 421. Second aiming holes 423 are correspondingly provided on the distal aiming arm 421 and distal damping plate 422. Preferably, there are multiple second aiming holes 423. Those skilled in the art can adjust the distribution and number of second aiming holes 423 as needed. For example, two, three, four, or six holes can be provided. The free end of the distal damping plate 422 is located proximal to the distal aiming module 4. The distal aiming arm 421 gradually increases in size from proximal to distal, ensuring a more secure connection between the proximal aiming module 3 and the distal aiming module 4 of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism.

[0060] The free end of the proximal damping plate 322 is arranged at the distal end of the proximal aiming arm 321 , and the free end of the distal damping plate 422 is arranged at the proximal end of the distal aiming module 4 , which can further ensure the accurate positioning of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism and help to protect the insertion of the sleeve 4 .

[0061] The assembly process of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism includes the following steps:

[0062] (1) Assembling the connection module 2: The locking inner sleeve 21 and the fixed outer sleeve 22 are matched through the hole axis to assemble the connection module 2;

[0063] (2) The connection module 2 is connected to the proximal aiming module 3: the fixed outer sleeve 22 is assembled into the sleeve 311 of the first connecting unit 31 of the proximal aiming module 3, and the first knob 314 is turned, thereby driving the slide rod 316 to slide spirally along the spiral slideway on the fixed block 313; during the sliding process, the pressing piece 317 is continuously pressed, and the pressing piece 317 squeezes the spring 318, causing deformation, and pushing the head of the fixing pin 315 into the sleeve 311, cooperating with the hole set in the outer wall of the fixed outer sleeve 22, thereby fixing the connection module 2;

[0064] (3) Connect the proximal aiming module 3 and the distal aiming module 4: that is, connect the second connecting unit 33 of the proximal aiming module 3 with the distal connecting unit 41 of the distal aiming module 4; insert the positioning pin 411 into the positioning groove 331, rotate the second knob 332, drive the fixing pin 333 to extend into the positioning groove 331 along the threaded hole 334, and then the fixing pin 333 cooperates with the positioning recess on the positioning pin 411 to lock the proximal aiming module 3 and the distal aiming module 4.

[0065] The intramedullary nail locking mechanism is used as follows:

[0066] (1) Connect the intramedullary nail 1 to the connecting module 2; the rotating fixed outer sleeve 22 can adjust the upper and lower positions and rotation angles of the intramedullary nail 1;

[0067] (2) Proximal aiming: The protective sleeve 5 passes through the proximal damping plate 322 and the first aiming hole 323 of the proximal aiming arm 321. Due to the elastic effect of the proximal damping plate 322 and the friction force, the protective sleeve 5 is firmly fixed in a certain position. Afterwards, the drill bit 6 passes through the protective sleeve 5, makes a hole, and smoothly passes through the locking hole on the intramedullary nail 1.

[0068] (3) Distal aiming: The protective sleeve 5 passes through the distal damping plate 422 and the second aiming hole 423 of the distal aiming arm 421. Due to the elastic effect of the distal damping plate 422 and the friction force, the protective sleeve 5 is firmly fixed in a certain position; then, the drill bit 6 passes through the protective sleeve 5, opens a hole, and smoothly passes through the locking hole on the intramedullary nail 1.

[0069] Because the distal aiming module 4 and the proximal aiming module 3 are detachably connected, during use, the proximal aiming operation can be performed first, and then the distal aiming module 4 can be installed on the proximal aiming module 3 to perform the distal aiming operation. In this way, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism can achieve both proximal and distal aiming. Moreover, since surgical instruments are generally heavy, the distal aiming module 4 can be omitted first, which can facilitate the operator's operation. Compared with a separate locking mechanism with proximal and distal aiming, this can save the operator the step of changing surgical instruments during surgery, thereby saving surgical time and costs, and has better economic and practicality. In addition, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to use.

[0070] In addition, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism is provided with a proximal damping plate 322 and a distal damping plate 422, which can prevent the guide sleeve from shaking during surgery and ensure accurate positioning. The detachable connection structure of the proximal aiming arm 321 and the distal aiming arm 421 of the intramedullary nail locking mechanism is firmly fixed, which can also prevent the surgical instrument from shaking during surgery.

[0071] In addition, the intramedullary nail locking mechanism can adjust the rotation angle and the upper and lower positions of the intramedullary nail 1, thereby meeting various needs of people of different heights, people with different bone structure curvatures, etc.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail locking mechanism, characterized in that: The intramedullary nail locking mechanism includes a proximal aiming module and a distal aiming module that are detachably connected; The proximal aiming module includes a proximal aiming arm and a proximal damping plate, one end of the proximal damping plate is fixed to the proximal aiming arm, and the other end is freely arranged, with a gap between the proximal damping plate and the proximal aiming arm; the proximal aiming arm and the proximal damping plate are correspondingly provided with first aiming holes; The remote aiming module includes a remote aiming arm and a remote damping plate. One end of the remote damping plate is fixed to the remote aiming arm, and the other end is freely set. There is a gap between the remote damping plate and the remote aiming arm. Second aiming holes are correspondingly set on the remote aiming arm and the remote damping plate. The proximal aiming module includes a first connecting unit, the first connecting unit including a connecting sleeve fixed to one end of the proximal aiming arm and a fixing portion provided on the connecting sleeve for cooperating with the connecting module, the fixing portion being an elastic locking mechanism, and the connecting module being used to connect to the intramedullary nail; The distal end of the proximal aiming module is provided with a positioning groove and a second locking portion; the proximal end of the distal aiming module is provided with a positioning pin, which is inserted into the positioning groove and locked by the second locking portion; The size of the distal aiming module gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end.

2. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second locking portion includes a fixedly connected knob and a fixing pin. The distal end of the proximal aiming module is provided with a threaded hole communicating with the positioning groove, and the fixing pin is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

3. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning pin is tightly matched with the positioning groove, and the positioning pin is provided with a positioning recess that matches the second locking portion.

4. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning groove is arranged at the distal bottom of the proximal aiming module, the positioning groove is a stepped groove, and the positioning pin is a stepped positioning pin.

5. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free end of the proximal damping plate is arranged at the distal end of the proximal aiming module, and the free end of the distal damping plate is arranged at the proximal end of the distal aiming module.

6. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple second aiming holes.

7. The intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intramedullary nail locking mechanism further includes a connecting module connected to the proximal aiming module.

8. An intramedullary nail surgical instrument kit, comprising the intramedullary nail locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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