A safety anti-slip device for high-slope reverse shaft excavation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a safety anti-slip device for reverse well excavation with a large slope, comprising a hydraulic safety component and a mechanical safety component, wherein the hydraulic safety component comprises a sliding shoe and a support shoe for being arranged on a shield body and a rear supporting tightening device for being arranged on a rear supporting system, and the mechanical safety component comprises a wedge, a connecting spring and a reset oil cylinder. The anti-slip protection of the safety anti-slip device for reverse well excavation with a large slope adopts a hydraulic and mechanical structure for joint protection, performs multiple anti-slip protections during the construction and shutdown of the tunnel boring machine, has high system safety, simple structure, high feasibility of the scheme, and has promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large-slope reverse shaft tunnel excavation, and in particular to a large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the application field of shield construction, shield equipment needs to carry out large-slope reverse excavation from bottom to top in tunnel projects in many fields such as mining and water diversion.

[0003] During the process of high-slope reverse tunneling, the shield machine is not only subject to its own weight, but also to the reaction force generated by the excavation face. At this time, all parts of the shield machine are at risk of sliding, which brings great safety hazards to equipment and personnel. Among the two common anti-slip devices, the former uses the front support system and the rear support system to compensate each other. The rear support system has a self-locking function to achieve mechanical self-locking, but it can only achieve the anti-slip function of the front rigid propulsion body. For the whole tunneling equipment, the rear equipment still has the risk of sliding; the latter uses a clamping cylinder and a clamping block to form an anti-slip device. The clamping cylinder is extended to make the clamping block support the rock wall to achieve anti-slip. The anti-slip function is achieved based on the hydraulic system. Compared with the mechanical structure, the reliability is relatively low.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device that combines the use of hydraulic and mechanical structures for joint protection, has high safety and reliability, and solves the problem of slippage of the main system components of the tunnel boring machine during the reverse shaft excavation process is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety anti-slip device for large-slope reverse shaft excavation. The anti-slip protection adopts hydraulic and mechanical structures for joint protection, and performs multiple anti-slip protection during the construction and shutdown of the tunnel boring machine. The system has high safety, simple structure, high feasibility of the solution, and has promotion value.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a safety anti-slip device for large-slope reverse well excavation, including a hydraulic safety component and a mechanical safety component. The hydraulic safety component includes a sliding shoe and a support shoe for being arranged on a shield body and a rear-matching support device for being arranged on a rear-matching system. The mechanical safety component includes a wedge block, a connecting spring and a reset cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, a shutdown safety component is included, and the shutdown safety component includes a stopper which is arranged on the tunnel wall to prevent the tunnel boring machine from slipping.

[0008] Preferably, the shutdown safety component includes an anchor drilling system, and the stopper is specifically a locking foot used by the anchor drilling system to protect the anchor in a circumferential range.

[0009] Preferably, the anchor drilling system is arranged at the rear of the tightening shield to implement the locking foot protection anchor to prevent the tightening shield from sliding backwards.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding shoe is used to be installed inside the front shield, the support shoe is used to be installed inside the tightening shield, and the rear supporting tightening device is used to be installed in the rear supporting system.

[0011] Preferably, the rear-end supporting device is used to be installed at multiple locations of the rear-end supporting system.

[0012] Preferably, the mechanical safety assembly is used to be installed at the rear of the support shield.

[0013] Preferably, the mechanical safety assembly is used to be installed at multiple rear locations of the tunnel boring machine.

[0014] Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the large-slope reverse well excavation safety anti-slip device provided by the present invention includes a hydraulic safety component and a mechanical safety component. The hydraulic safety component includes a sliding shoe, a support shoe and a rear-matching tightening device. The sliding shoe and the support shoe are arranged on the shield body, and the rear-matching tightening device is arranged on the rear-matching system. The mechanical safety component includes a wedge block, a connecting spring and a reset cylinder; the large-slope reverse well excavation safety anti-slip device uses the hydraulic safety component to achieve the first anti-slip protection, and uses the mechanical safety component to achieve the second anti-slip protection, uses the sliding shoe and the support shoe of the hydraulic safety component to achieve the support and anti-slip of the shield body in front of the tunneling machine, uses the rear-matching tightening device to achieve the support and anti-slip of the rear-matching system behind the tunneling machine, and generates friction between the wedge block of the mechanical safety component and the cave wall to achieve the support and anti-slip of the tunneling machine; the large-slope reverse well excavation safety anti-slip device adopts hydraulic and mechanical structure joint protection, performs multiple anti-slip protection during the construction and shutdown of the tunneling machine, has high system safety, simple structure, high feasibility of the scheme, and has promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a safety anti-slip device for steep slope reverse shaft excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA view;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1BB's view;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The CC view;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 1 DD's view;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of location I;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principle of a shutdown insurance component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] in:

[0024] 1-cutter disc, 2-front shield, 3-telescopic shield, 4-tightening shield, 5-rear supporting system, 6-safety anti-slip system, 7-hole wall, 501-anchor drilling rig system, 502-rear supporting drag cylinder, 503-rear supporting trolley, 601-slip shoe, 602-support shoe, 603-rear supporting tightening device, 604-wedge block, 605-connecting spring, 606-reset cylinder, 607-locking foot protection anchor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a safety anti-slip device for steep slope reverse shaft excavation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA's view, Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB's view, Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC's view, Figure 5 for Figure 1 DD's view, Figure 6 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point I, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principle of a shutdown insurance component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the first specific embodiment, the large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device provided by the present invention includes a hydraulic safety component and a mechanical safety component. The function of the hydraulic safety component is to tighten the entire machine equipment of the tunnel boring machine by using the oil cylinder to push out the tightening block, and the function of the mechanical safety component is to lock the tunnel boring machine by using the friction force generated by the tunnel wall 7 when the tunnel boring machine slides backward.

[0029] Specifically, the hydraulic safety component includes a sliding shoe 601 and a support shoe 602. The sliding shoe 601 and the support shoe 602 are arranged in the shield body. The sliding shoe 601 and the support shoe 602 can be extended and retracted by means of a cylinder or the like. When extended, the shield body can be tightened to different degrees on the tunnel wall 7. In other words, the sliding shoe 601 and the support shoe 602 are used to tighten the shield body in front of the tunnel boring machine. In addition, the hydraulic safety component also includes a rear-end supporting device 603. The rear-end supporting device 603 is arranged at the rear-end supporting system 5. The rear-end supporting device 603 can be extended and retracted by means of a cylinder or the like. When extended, the rear-end supporting system 5 can be tightened to different degrees on the tunnel wall 7. In other words, the rear-end supporting device 603 is used to tighten the rear-end supporting system 5 behind the tunnel boring machine.

[0030] On this basis, the mechanical safety component includes a wedge block 604, a connecting spring 605 and a reset cylinder 606. The wedge block 604 is installed and fixed on the reset cylinder 606, and the connecting spring 605 is installed between the wedge block 604 and the reset cylinder 606. The mechanical safety component generates friction between the wedge block 604 and the tunnel wall 7 to prevent the tunnel boring machine from sliding backward.

[0031] It should be noted that the function of the mechanical safety component is to utilize the increased friction between the tunnel boring machine and the tunnel wall 7 when the tunnel boring machine slides backward to achieve the tightening of the tunnel boring machine, that is, to achieve mechanical self-locking anti-slip protection when the tunnel boring machine slides backward by virtue of the gravity of the tunnel boring machine; in the specific process, the reset cylinder 606 connects the wedge block 604 and the connecting spring 605 and is installed on the tunnel boring machine, the wedge block 604 is in contact with the tunnel wall 7, and as the tunnel boring machine slides backward, the wedge block 604 is squeezed and compressed, and the friction between the wedge block 604 and the tunnel wall 7 continues to increase, and finally reaches a balanced state to prevent the tunnel boring machine from continuing to slide backward.

[0032] Furthermore, the large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device has a third anti-slip protection based on the dual anti-slip protection of the hydraulic safety component and the mechanical safety component.

[0033] Specifically, it includes a shutdown insurance component, which includes a stopper, which is a blocking structure set on the tunnel wall 7. The function of the stopper is to stop the backward sliding tunnel boring machine and prevent the tunnel boring machine from sliding. The shutdown insurance is a power-off protection during the system shutdown process. When the hydraulic insurance and the mechanical insurance are not effective, the equipment can still be prevented from sliding by relying on the pre-set blocking structure to prevent the occurrence of slope sliding accidents.

[0034] Exemplarily, the shutdown safety component includes an anchor drilling system 501, and the stopper is specifically a locking foot protection anchor 607 that the anchor drilling system 501 uses to apply in an annular range. In other words, the anchor drilling system 501 can shoot out the locking foot protection anchor 607 in the annular range, so that the locking foot protection anchor 607 is fixed to the tunnel wall 7. The locking foot protection anchor 607 can further achieve anti-slip blocking when the tunnel boring machine slides backward.

[0035] Exemplarily, the bolter system 501 is used to be arranged at the rear of the support shield 4 to implement the locking foot protection anchor 607 to prevent the support shield 4 from sliding backward.

[0036] In this embodiment, the main function of the anchor drilling system 501 is to drive the anchor, that is, to apply the locking foot protection anchor 607. The main function of the locking foot protection anchor 607 is to protect the cave wall 7, which is not within the scope of the description of this embodiment. Please refer to the prior art. In this embodiment, only a part of the locking foot protection anchor 607 is used, and this part of the locking foot protection anchor 607 is left with a head for blocking. Not all locking foot protection anchors 607 are used for shutdown protection. Therefore, the locking foot protection anchor 607 needs to cooperate with the steel arch frame to support the cave wall 7. The position of the anchor drilling system 501 cannot be placed randomly. The anchor drilling system 501 is generally placed behind the shield. Exemplarily, the sliding shoe 601 is used to be installed inside the front shield 2, the support shoe 602 is used to be installed inside the support shield 4, and the rear matching support device 603 is used to be installed in the rear matching system 5.

[0037] In this embodiment, the tunnel boring machine includes a cutter head 1, a front shield 2, a telescopic shield 3, a tightening shield 4, a rear supporting system 5, a safety anti-slip system 6, an anchor drilling system 501, a rear supporting drag cylinder 502, a rear supporting trolley 503 and a rear supporting tightening device 603. The rear supporting system 5 is a rear supporting equipment, which is mainly composed of the following parts: segment transportation equipment, several sections of rear supporting trolleys 503 and the operating room required for the operation of the shield machine installed thereon, electrical components, hydraulic components, grouting equipment, foam equipment, bentonite equipment, circulating water equipment and ventilation equipment, etc.

[0038] Exemplarily, the rear-end supporting device 603 is used to be installed at multiple locations of the rear-end supporting system 5 .

[0039] Exemplarily, the mechanical safety assembly is used to be installed at the rear of the tightening shield 4 .

[0040] On this basis, the mechanical safety assembly is used to be installed at multiple rear locations of the tunnel boring machine, that is, it can be set behind each major component of the tunnel boring machine.

[0041] In order to solve the problem of slipping of the main system components of the tunnel boring machine during the reverse well excavation process, the large-slope reverse well excavation safety anti-slip device includes hydraulic insurance, mechanical insurance and shutdown insurance functions. The hydraulic insurance is realized by a sliding shoe 601, a support shoe 602 and a rear-matching tightening device 603. The sliding shoe 601 is installed inside the front shield 2, and the support shoe 602 is installed inside the tightening shield 4. A plurality of rear-matching tightening devices 603 are installed in the rear-matching system 5 to tighten and protect the entire rear-matching system 5; the mechanical insurance is realized by a wedge block 604, a connecting spring 605 and a reset cylinder 606, and the mechanical insurance mechanism is installed at the rear of the tightening shield 4; the shutdown insurance function is realized by the anchor drilling system 501 applying a locking foot protection anchor 607.

[0042] The hydraulic insurance of the safety anti-slip system 6 is mainly realized by multiple sets of rear supporting tightening devices 603 to realize the whole equipment tightening and anti-slipping, and ensure that there are always two sets of rear supporting tightening devices 603 in the tightening state during the construction process. Its working principle is as follows: first, the support shoe 602 and the rear supporting tightening device 603 extend to tighten the tunnel wall 7, and the sliding shoe 601 extends to tighten the tunnel wall 7 with low pressure to ensure that the front shield 2 will not flip during the excavation process. At this time, the main propulsion cylinder extends and the tunnel boring machine starts to excavate; when the main propulsion cylinder is extended to the right position, the sliding shoe 601 tightens the tunnel wall 7 with high pressure, the support shoe 602 is retracted, and the main propulsion cylinder begins to reset and drive the tightening shield 4 forward; after the main propulsion cylinder is reset, the support shoe 602 tightens the tunnel wall 7 again, the rear supporting tightening device 603 is retracted, and then the rear supporting traction cylinder 502 is retracted to drive the rear supporting trolley 503 forward; after the rear supporting traction cylinder 502 is reset, the rear supporting tightening device 603 tightens the tunnel wall 7 here, completing a tunneling cycle.

[0043] The mechanical insurance working principle of the safety anti-slip system 6 is as follows: when the support shield 4 slides backward during excavation, the support shield 4 squeezes the wedge 604. As the support shield 4 slides backward, the friction between the wedge 604 and the cave wall 7 will continue to increase, and finally reach a balanced state, preventing the support shield 4 from excessively sliding backward.

[0044] The shutdown insurance working principle of the safety anti-slip system 6 is as follows: during the tunnel excavation process, after each cycle change, the anchor rod 607 is applied to the circumferential range of the tunnel wall 7 behind the support shield 4 through the anchor drilling system 501, and the tail of the locking foot protection anchor rod 607 extends a certain distance from the tunnel wall 7. During the shutdown process, once the support shield 4 slides backward, the locking foot protection anchor rod 607 can block it to prevent the support shield 4 and the front cutter head 1, front shield 2, and telescopic shield 3 from sliding.

[0045] The anti-slip protection of the large-slope reverse shaft tunneling safety anti-slip device adopts hydraulic and mechanical structure joint protection. The hydraulic system is equipped with hydraulic locks and accumulators. The system has high safety, simple structure, high feasibility and promotion value. Multiple combination anti-slip protection devices are set for multiple key components of the tunneling machine to ensure that the whole machine does not slip during construction and shutdown.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0047] The above is a detailed introduction to the large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety anti-slip device for high-slope reverse well excavation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydraulic safety component and a mechanical safety component. The hydraulic safety component comprises a sliding shoe (601) and a support shoe (602) for being arranged on a shield body and a rear supporting tightening device (603) for being arranged on a rear supporting system (5). The mechanical safety component comprises a wedge block (604), a connecting spring (605) and a reset cylinder (606). The wedge block (604) is fixedly mounted on the reset cylinder (606). The connecting spring (605) is mounted between the wedge block (604) and the reset cylinder (606). The mechanical safety component prevents the back sliding of the tunnel boring machine by generating friction between the wedge block (604) and the tunnel wall (7). The large-slope reverse well excavation safety anti-slip device comprises a stop safety component. The stop safety component comprises a stopper for being arranged on the tunnel wall (7) to prevent the back sliding of the tunnel boring machine.

2. The large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shutdown safety component comprises an anchor drilling system (501), and the stopper is specifically a locking foot protection anchor (607) used by the anchor drilling system (501) to be applied in a circumferential range.

3. The large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anchor drilling system (501) is arranged at the rear of the support shield (4) to implement the locking foot protection anchor rod (607) to prevent the support shield (4) from sliding backwards.

4. The large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sliding shoe (601) is used to be installed inside the front shield (2), the support shoe (602) is used to be installed inside the support shield (4), and the rear supporting support device (603) is used to be installed in the rear supporting system (5).

5. The large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rear-end supporting device (603) is used to be installed at multiple locations of the rear-end supporting system (5).

6. The large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The mechanical safety component is used to be installed at the rear of the support shield (4).

7. The large-slope reverse shaft excavation safety anti-slip device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The mechanical safety assembly is used to be installed at multiple rear locations of the tunnel boring machine.

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