A mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas, which relates to the technical field of afforestation and tending equipment; it includes a chassis body, a quick-hook device, an operating system and a control system; walking mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the chassis body; a diesel engine, a transmission system and an anti-overturning hydraulic system are arranged on the chassis body; the quick-hook device includes a hydraulic suspension device, a hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device, and an electrical appliance quick connector; the two hydraulic suspension devices are symmetrically hinged and arranged with respect to the forward direction of the chassis; the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device and the diesel engine are symmetrically arranged; the electrical appliance quick connector is a waterproof and dustproof structure, and is connected to a battery; the operating system includes an instant control device, a visual display and a touch operation interface. The present invention realizes multiple functions of mechanized afforestation and tending, and effectively solves the problems of backward traditional afforestation and tending means, high labor intensity and low production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of afforestation and tending equipment, in particular to a mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] Afforestation and tending covers the period from the closure of young forests to the maturity of forest stands, and includes various auxiliary operations such as land preparation, afforestation, tending and felling, replanting, pruning, watering, fertilizing, artificial promotion of natural regeneration, and mowing, weeding, etc., which are carried out according to the cultivation objectives.

[0003] Since tending is required many times after afforestation, the workload of tending is 5-6 times that of afforestation. In actual production, the annual afforestation and tending season is short, and manual operation often affects the quality of afforestation and tending due to untimely operation. The labor intensity of workers is high, the production efficiency is low, and the production cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, realize the multiple functions of mechanized afforestation and tending, and effectively solve the problems of backward traditional afforestation and tending means, high labor intensity and low production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas, the structure of which includes a chassis body, a quick-hook device, an operating system and a control system, walking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the chassis body, a diesel engine, a transmission system and a hydraulic system that can adapt to climbing operations are arranged on the chassis body, and the hydraulic system includes an anti-overturning hydraulic system; the quick-hook device includes a hydraulic suspension device, a hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device, and an electrical appliance quick connector; the two hydraulic suspension devices are symmetrically articulated with respect to the forward direction of the chassis; the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device and the diesel engine are symmetrically arranged; the electrical appliance quick connector is a waterproof and dustproof structure, and the electrical appliance quick connector is connected to a battery; the operating system includes an instant control device, a visual display and a touch operation interface; the anti-overturning hydraulic system includes an anti-backward tilt hydraulic cylinder arranged at the lower part of the chassis body;

[0007] Optionally, the frame of the chassis body is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0008] Optionally, the walking mechanism includes a driving wheel and a guide wheel, the driving wheel and the guide wheel are arranged at both ends of the frame, and the frame is arranged on both sides of the chassis body; the diesel engine is connected to the wheel axle of the driving wheel through a reducer; the driving wheel and the guide wheel are connected through a closed crawler track, and a supporting roller is installed under the frame, and the bottom of the supporting roller is located on the inner bottom of the crawler track; a track roller is installed above the frame, and the top of the track roller is located on the inner top of the crawler track; the crawler track includes a track shoe and a track pin, and two adjacent track shoes The two ends of the track shoe are provided with engaging holes, and the track shoe is engaged with the driving wheel through the engaging holes; an induction tooth is provided in the middle of the track shoe, and a reinforced anti-skid rib is provided on the outer side of the track shoe; the track pin is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder structure; the guide wheel is a track-type swing arm mechanism hinged to one side of the chassis body; the guide wheel of the walking mechanism includes a track-type swing arm mechanism hinged to one side of the chassis body; a shock absorbing device is connected to one side of the guide wheel, and the shock absorbing device is a coil spring hydraulic shock absorber.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a traction device; the power terminal of the traction device is connected to the engine and is connected to other equipment through a cross-axis universal joint coupling; the hydraulic suspension device protrudes from the traction device, the power comes from the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic suspension device is provided with a multifunctional hanging joint.

[0010] Optionally, the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device terminal is provided with a multifunctional hanging joint.

[0011] Optionally, a tensioning device is provided in the crawler, and the tensioning device is located at one end close to the guide wheel; a shock absorbing device is connected to one side of the guide wheel, and the shock absorbing device is a coil spring hydraulic shock absorber.

[0012] Optionally, the frame crossbeam is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder structure. Two hydraulic circuits are used to adjust the length of the left and right frame crossbeams respectively to adjust the width of the chassis body. It can be extended to the left and right by 200mm respectively, and the adjustable width is from 1150mm to 1550mm, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the whole machine and improving climbing stability.

[0013] Optionally, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic oil tank, which is connected to a proportional hydraulic valve and a hydraulic oil distributor; the hydraulic system is divided into a work execution device hydraulic system, a walking hydraulic system and an anti-rollover hydraulic system through a proportional hydraulic valve and a hydraulic oil distributor; the work execution device hydraulic system uses two electro-hydraulic proportional valves as main control valves, and the work execution device hydraulic system is respectively connected to a hydraulic suspension device and a hydraulic mechanical arm suspension; the walking hydraulic system is connected to a walking mechanism, a steering mechanism and a braking mechanism; the walking mechanism, the steering mechanism and the braking mechanism are respectively located at the driving wheel positions; the anti-rollover hydraulic system includes an anti-tilt hydraulic cylinder arranged at the lower part of the chassis body.

[0014] Optionally, the diesel engine is connected to a lubrication system, which includes an oil pan, and the oil suction structure of the oil pan is used to supply lubricating oil to the diesel engine under various working conditions; a radiator is provided at one end of the diesel engine, and the radiator includes a reversible fan and a water-cooled heat dissipation device; an air filter is provided above the diesel engine, and the air filter is connected to a turbocharger through a high-pressure air injection device, and the turbocharger is connected to the diesel engine.

[0015] Optionally, the operating system includes a real-time operation device, a visual display and touch operation interface; the real-time operation device is a portable remote control; the visual display and touch operation interface is fixedly set on a frame, and the frame is fixedly set on the chassis body; a camera is set on the top of the frame, and the camera can swing 360°; the frame is made of a hollow tube, and a wire is set in the hollow tube, and the wire is respectively connected to the visual display and touch operation interface and the camera; a battery is set on one end of the chassis body close to the hydraulic oil tank, and an electrical quick connector is installed on the battery.

[0016] Optionally, a signal receiving and transmitting device is installed on the control system; the control system includes a signal processing part, a detection part and an execution part; the signal processing part includes a remote service control computer and a vehicle control computer connected via radio signals; the detection part includes humidity sensors, temperature sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, torque sensors, speed sensors, pressure sensors, position sensors, photosensitive sensors, gas concentration sensors, etc. distributed on the chassis body; the execution part includes a controller that controls electrical appliances and proportional solenoid valves through current signals.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0018] The overall structure of the present invention is simple, and it has the functions of carrying a variety of working heads for operation, transportation, and providing power for fixed machines, thereby realizing the various functions of mechanized afforestation and tending; the anti-tilt hydraulic system senses the backward tilting force through the boom, and by adjusting the overflow pressure and damping effect of the hydraulic system, the anti-tilt device can better absorb the energy of the boom impact. When unloading suddenly, the supporting force of the anti-tilt hydraulic cylinder prevents the backward tilting trend of the boom; the suspension is a semi-rigid suspension; the extension and retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder of the frame are controlled by a proportional hydraulic valve, which can lower the center of gravity, improve the climbing ability and anti-subversion performance, and can operate on slopes less than 50°, and can also increase the ground clearance under certain working conditions. The air filter is equipped with a turbocharger and a high-pressure air injection device, which forces more gas to flow into the exhaust gas turbocharger, improves the sufficiency of fuel combustion, and increases power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power chassis structure for mechanized afforestation and tending in hilly and mountainous areas of the present invention;

[0021] Among them, 1 is the radiator, 2 is the diesel engine, 3 is the camera, 4 is the air filter, 5 is the frame, 6 is the battery, 7 is the electrical appliance quick connector, 8 is the hydraulic oil tank, 9 is the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension, 10 is the proportional hydraulic valve, 11 is the hydraulic oil distributor, 12 is the hydraulic suspension device, 13 is the guide wheel, 14 is the tensioning device, 15 is the track, 16 is the shock absorber, 17 is the induction gear, 18 is the track roller, 19 is the signal receiving and transmitting device, 20 is the control system, 21 is the frame, 22 is the visual display and touch operation interface, 23 is the supporting wheel, 24 is the driving wheel, 25 is the walking mechanism, steering mechanism and braking mechanism, 26 is the track pin, 27 is the oil pan, 28 is the cross-axis universal joint coupling, 29 is the multi-functional hanging joint, 30 is the anti-overturning system, 31 is the traction device, and 32 is the suspension. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, realize the multiple functions of mechanized afforestation and tending, and effectively solve the problems of backward traditional afforestation and tending means, high labor intensity and low production efficiency.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] The present invention provides a mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a diesel engine 2, a running mechanism, a chassis body, a quick-hook device, a hydraulic system, a control system 20, an operating system and its auxiliary structures. The lubrication system of the diesel engine 2 has the ability to adapt to steep slopes, and the oil suction structure in the oil pan 27 of the lubrication system can ensure that the engine is evenly, stably and fully supplied with lubricating oil in any tilting state. The radiator 1 uses a reversible fan for water cooling, automatically reverses the air flow, and regularly cleans the debris on the radiator 1. The air filter 4 is equipped with a turbocharger and a high-pressure air injection device, which forces more gas to flow into the exhaust gas turbocharger, improves the sufficiency of fuel combustion, and increases power.

[0026] The traveling mechanism mainly includes the crawler track 15, the driving wheel 24, the track roller 18, the tensioning device 14, the shock absorbing device 16, the guide wheel 13, the supporting roller 23, the steering mechanism and the braking mechanism 25. The supporting roller 23 is installed below the frame 21, and the bottom of the supporting roller 23 is located on the bottom of the crawler track 15; the supporting roller 18 is installed above the frame 21, and the top of the supporting roller 18 is located on the top of the crawler track 15. The crawler track 15 is composed of a crawler shoe and a crawler pin 26. The crawler pin 26 connects the crawler shoes to form a crawler chain link. There are holes at both ends of the crawler shoe, which mesh with the driving wheel, and an induction tooth 17 in the middle, which is used to regulate the crawler track 15. There are reinforced anti-skid ribs on the side in contact with the ground to improve the firmness of the crawler shoe and the adhesion of the crawler track 15 to the ground. The frame crossbeam is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder structure. The length of the frame crossbeam is adjusted through the hydraulic circuit to adjust the width of the chassis body. The width can be adjusted from 1150mm to 1550mm, which can lower the center of gravity of the whole machine and improve the climbing stability. The guide wheel 13 is a swing arm mechanism hinged at one end of the frame 21. It is a crawler type. The machine relies on adjusting the swing arm joint to adapt to the ground changes. When encountering obstacles, the forearm actively lowers to climb, supports the ground and rises to climb over the obstacles. The shock absorbing device 16 is a coil spring hydraulic shock absorber to improve the all-terrain passing ability of the whole machine.

[0027] The chassis body mainly includes a hydraulic system, which includes a hydraulic oil tank 8, and the hydraulic oil tank 8 is connected to a proportional hydraulic valve 10 and a hydraulic oil distributor 11; the hydraulic system is divided into an operation execution device hydraulic system, a walking hydraulic system, and an anti-rollover hydraulic system through the proportional hydraulic valve 10 and the hydraulic oil distributor 11, all of which use a proportional hydraulic valve 10 to accurately and remotely control the operation, walking process and the coordination between the two; the hydraulic oil distributor 11 will distribute the hydraulic oil to the operating tools according to different operating conditions.

[0028] In the travel hydraulic system, an electronically controlled hydraulic automatic control system is adopted. Its shifting mechanism adjusts the clutch working pressure through a proportional solenoid valve to ensure the convenience and reliability of the shifting process and avoid the phenomenon of stalling during shifting under any conditions. In the steering mechanism, the proportional hydraulic valve 10 controls the rotation speed of the hydraulic motors on both sides respectively, so as to achieve precise and controllable turning angles and flexible turning processes, and can adapt to areas with narrow spaces and where the working platform is not suitable for deployment. In the braking system, the drive motor is introduced into it. When braking, the drive motor generates braking torque to reduce the energy consumption of the braking system; at the same time, the braking energy is recovered and supplied to the battery 6; the frame 21 is a semi-rigid suspension, and the extension and retraction amount and extension speed of the hydraulic cylinder of the frame 21 are controlled by the proportional hydraulic valve 10, which can lower the center of gravity, improve the climbing ability and anti-subversion performance, and also increase the ground clearance during operation.

[0029] In the hydraulic system of the operation execution device, two electro-hydraulic proportional valves are used as the main control valves. According to the output current of the controller, the two modes of force-position comprehensive adjustment and position adjustment are realized in the working state, which have fast response speed, high integration, good stability, and are easy to expand and apply; the two hydraulic suspension devices 12 are symmetrically distributed at the front and rear ends of the whole machine, the traction device 31 and the hydraulic suspension device 12 are installed on the suspension 32, and the cross-axis universal joint coupling 28 on the traction device 31 and the hydraulic suspension device 12 can realize the output of rotational power and traction power at the same time, and can carry water and fertilizer buckets, rotary tillage heads, furrowing plow heads, felling heads and other operation tools to go up the mountain and implement operations; the hydraulic suspension device 12 includes a multi-functional hanging joint 29, and the cross-axis universal joint coupling 28 on the hydraulic suspension device 12 is installed on the multi-functional hanging joint 29. The hydraulic mechanical arm suspension 9 is symmetrically arranged with the diesel engine 2, and can carry a pit digging head, a band saw pruning head, and a brush cutting head to go up the mountain and implement operations, which can realize operations in high altitudes and narrow areas. At the same time, it can provide power for machines distributed in the forest, such as water pumps, fans, lifting forklifts, etc.

[0030] The anti-tilt system 30 is processed at the lower part of the chassis body and works in a passive loading state. The arm senses the backward tilting force and adjusts the overflow pressure and damping effect of the hydraulic system to make the anti-tilt device better absorb the energy of the arm impact. When unloading suddenly, the support force of the anti-tilt hydraulic cylinder prevents the arm from tilting backward.

[0031] The operating system mainly includes a real-time control device, a visual display and a touch operation interface 22. The real-time control device is a portable remote control that adjusts the real-time actions of the platform, and can realize the adjustment of the real-time actions such as forward braking, acceleration and deceleration, turning, mechanical arm and suspension lifting of the platform; the visual display and touch operation interface 22 exist simultaneously on the frame 5 of the chassis platform and in the operator's office, displaying key operating parameters, such as the remaining amount of fuel tank or the battery 6 power, system temperature, load and speed of key components, etc., monitoring the ground information of the driving process, monitoring operation information, and fault alarms. According to the task control parameters input by the operator, the operation mode is switched, such as extending the chassis width, adjusting the height from the ground, adjusting the posture of the operation execution device, etc., or the working mode can be directly switched, and the machine controller automatically adjusts according to the set optimal parameter combination, such as flat ground mode, climbing mode, fault or fuel shortage mode.

[0032] The control system 20 includes a signal processing part, a detection part, and an execution part. In the signal processing part, the remote service control computer and the vehicle control computer have stable, accurate, and fast communication through the radio signal receiving and transmitting device 19, which receives the remote control information and converts it into control instructions for the corresponding module of the platform. The maximum remote control distance can reach 1Km.

[0033] The detection part includes humidity sensors, temperature sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, torque sensors, speed sensors, pressure sensors, position sensors, photosensors, gas concentration sensors, etc. They are widely distributed in various positions of the whole machine, integrated with the operating equipment, and detect and monitor information such as the operating environment, operating process, and operation of working parts. For example, soil moisture content, light intensity, whether the air filter 4 and lubricating oil circuit are blocked, the working time of the rotary tillage head, the furrowing depth, the amount of felling, whether the shaft is operating normally, the battery 6 power, etc. The positioning and navigation function uses the Beidou positioning module to determine the relative position, posture and motion state of the target object relative to the known object, including absolute position positioning and relative position positioning, to ensure that the machine does not leave the remote control range. The execution part refers to the controller controlling the flow, flow rate and other parameters of the electrical appliances and proportional solenoid valves through current signals, controlling the steering, driving, suspension position and other actions, and switching the operation mode.

[0034] The auxiliary mechanism includes a frame 5, a camera 3, an electrical appliance quick connector 7, a battery 6, etc. The main body of the frame 5 is a hollow tube, the inside of the tube is an electrical conductor, and the outside is used to support and fix other devices, such as a display screen, a camera 3, etc.; two cameras 3 are fixed on the top of the frame 5, which can achieve 360° swing, and the monitoring screen angle is 180°, respectively collecting the front and rear images of the whole machine; the battery 6 carries an electrical appliance quick connector, which can provide DC or AC output, and can connect multiple and various power plugs such as: USB port, three-phase port, two-phase port, pin jack, etc.

[0035] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas, which includes a chassis body, a quick-hook device, an operating system and a control system, and is characterized by: Also included is a traction device; The frame of the chassis body is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder structure; walking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the chassis body, and a diesel engine, a transmission system and a hydraulic system that can adapt to climbing operations are arranged on the chassis body. The walking mechanism includes a driving wheel and a guide wheel, and the driving wheel and the guide wheel are arranged at both ends of the frame, and the frame is arranged on both sides of the chassis body; the diesel engine is connected to the wheel axle of the driving wheel through a reducer; the driving wheel and the guide wheel are connected through a closed crawler track, and a supporting wheel is installed under the frame, and the bottom of the supporting wheel is located on the inner bottom of the crawler track; a track roller is installed above the frame, and the top of the track roller is located on the inner top of the crawler track; the crawler track includes a track shoe and a track pin, and two adjacent track shoes are movably connected by the track pin; The two ends of the track shoe are provided with meshing holes, and the track shoe is meshed with the driving wheel through the meshing holes; an induction tooth is provided in the middle of the track shoe, and a reinforcing anti-skid rib is provided on the outer side of the track shoe; the track pin is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder structure; the guide wheel includes a track-type swing arm mechanism hinged to one side of the chassis body, and a shock absorbing device is connected to one side of the guide wheel, and the shock absorbing device is a coil spring hydraulic shock absorber; the hydraulic system includes an anti-rollover hydraulic system and a hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic oil tank is connected to a proportional hydraulic valve and a hydraulic oil distributor. The hydraulic system controls the quick hooking device, the hydraulic system of the operation execution device, the walking hydraulic system and the anti-rollover hydraulic system through the proportional hydraulic valve and the hydraulic oil distributor; the hydraulic system of the operation execution device adopts two electro-hydraulic proportional valves as main control valves; The quick-hook device includes a hydraulic suspension device, a hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device, and an electrical appliance quick connector; the two hydraulic suspension devices are symmetrically hinged and arranged with respect to the forward direction of the chassis; the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device and the diesel engine are symmetrically arranged; the electrical appliance quick connector is a waterproof and dustproof structure, and the electrical appliance quick connector is connected to a battery; the hydraulic system of the operation execution device is respectively connected to the hydraulic suspension device and the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device; The operating system includes a real-time operating device and a visual display and touch operation interface; the real-time operating device is a portable remote control, the visual display and touch operation interface is fixedly arranged on a frame, and the frame is fixedly arranged on the chassis body; a camera is arranged on the top of the frame, and the camera can swing 360 degrees; the frame is made of a hollow tube, and a wire is arranged in the hollow tube, and the wire can supply power to the visual display and touch operation interface and the camera; The anti-overturning hydraulic system includes an anti-backward tilting hydraulic cylinder arranged at the lower part of the chassis body; The power terminal of the traction device is connected to the engine and is connected to other machines and tools through a cross-axis universal joint coupling; the hydraulic suspension device protrudes from the traction device, the power comes from the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic suspension device is provided with a multifunctional suspension joint.

2. The mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The terminal of the hydraulic mechanical arm suspension device is provided with a multifunctional hanging joint.

3. The mechanized afforestation and tending power chassis for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The control system includes a signal processing part, a detection part and an execution part; the signal processing part includes a remote service control computer and a vehicle control computer connected by radio signals; the detection part includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a torque sensor, a speed sensor, a pressure sensor, a position sensor, a photosensitive sensor, and a gas concentration sensor distributed on the chassis body; the execution part includes a controller that controls electrical appliances and proportional solenoid valves through current signals.

Images