A high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of heat storage technology and ceramic high-temperature dust removal technology, and specifically to a high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device that integrates high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration. The device includes a shell and an ash hopper. The shell includes an upper box and a middle box. The upper box has a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the middle box or the ash hopper has a dust-containing high-temperature flue gas inlet. A dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device is provided at the dust-containing high-temperature flue gas inlet. A honeycomb high-temperature phase change heat storage device is provided in the middle box. The high-temperature phase change heat storage device has a cavity, and a ceramic filter tube is provided in each cavity. Compared with other dust removal and purification methods, the high-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device with a built-in high-temperature phase change heat storage device is more efficient and stable, can ensure the stable recovery of clean dry coal gas and the quality of exhaust flue gas, and can avoid the micro-explosion phenomenon often caused by electric dust collection sparks, making the system operation safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of heat storage technology and ceramic high-temperature dust removal technology, and in particular to a high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature flue gas purification has become an important technical research topic for achieving "energy conservation and emission reduction" in industries such as materials, metallurgy, chemical industry, and electric power. Many industrial flue gases are high-temperature flue gases, such as smelting, incineration, thermal power generation, coal-fired boilers, industrial furnaces, and waste heat recovery. At present, traditional bag dust collectors are widely used to purify high-temperature flue dust. Usually, the high-temperature flue gas must be cooled to below 250°C and controlled above the dew point temperature. Therefore, the use of cooling methods to purify high-temperature flue gas is bound to increase equipment and operating costs and waste heat energy.

[0003] Directly using ceramic microporous tube filter dust collector to filter high-temperature flue gas has many advantages: it can reduce the equipment and cost of cooling gas before filtration; it can increase the overall operating efficiency through the recycling of heat energy and valuable by-products; it can reduce the dilution airflow purification used for cooling; it can avoid equipment corrosion caused by condensation; it can reduce maintenance costs and extend the service life of equipment; it can simplify the processing process; it can reduce investment, installation, maintenance costs and floor space. In order to make the dust collector not limited by high temperature conditions and meet strict emission standards, ceramic fiber filtration technology has highlighted unique application prospects in high-temperature smoke purification.

[0004] The ceramic filter material for filtering high-temperature flue gas has five main performance indicators: temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, dust removal efficiency and pressure loss. Application results show that ceramic fiber filter material rarely fails when operating for a long time at a flue gas temperature of 800°C. Some ceramic fibers even operate at 1100°C and will not fail due to excessive temperature. Ceramic fiber filter material has extremely strong resistance to chemical corrosion. The mechanical strength of the ceramic filter unit is at least 1400kPa. Therefore, the ceramic filter unit has good temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance.

[0005] However, in view of the characteristics of production processes such as converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking, that is, oxygen blowing smelting is not continuous, the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device used for converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking to treat high-temperature flue gas is always in a working state of alternating heating and cooling cycles, resulting in a large alternating thermal stress on the ceramic filter tubes of the high-temperature flue gas pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device. Under the action of alternating thermal stress, the ceramic filter tubes of the high-temperature flue gas pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device have a short service life and a large workload for daily maintenance and repair, which to a certain extent also has a significant impact on converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking production. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the problems existing in the above-mentioned dust removal process, in order to realize safe, stable and reliable operation of the high-temperature flue gas pulse-blown ceramic filter tube type dust removal device, the present invention adds a high-temperature phase change heat storage device in the high-temperature flue gas pulse-blown ceramic filter tube type dust removal device. Aiming at the discontinuous characteristics of converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking production, heat storage materials are used to store and release thermal energy in a set high temperature section (i.e., 750-850°C) to resolve the contradiction between the mismatch between heat energy supply and demand in time and intensity, and ensure that the high-temperature pulse-blown ceramic filter tube type dust removal device is always operated in a relatively constant high temperature section.

[0007] According to the present invention, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration comprises a shell and an ash hopper, wherein the shell comprises an upper box body and a middle box body from top to bottom, the upper box body and the middle box body are separated by a partition, and the ash hopper is located below the middle box body;

[0008] The upper box body is provided with a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet, the middle box body or the ash hopper is provided with a dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet, and the dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet is provided with a dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device, the dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected along the tangent direction of the circular shell, and together with the dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device arranged in the middle box body or the ash hopper, the high-temperature dusty flue gas entering the dust collector is initially separated and settled, and uniformly distributed airflow holes are opened on the straight section pipe wall at the lower part of the dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device;

[0009] A dust ash pneumatic conveying transmitter device is provided at the lower part of the ash hopper;

[0010] A honeycomb high-temperature phase-change heat storage device is arranged in the middle box under the partition, and the high-temperature phase-change heat storage device has a cavity, and a ceramic filter tube is arranged in each cavity, wherein the upper end of each ceramic filter tube is open and the lower end is sealed, and the tube wall of the ceramic filter tube has micropores, and the upper end of the ceramic filter tube is sealed and fixed on the partition;

[0011] The upper box body is provided with a spray cleaning device, and the spray cleaning device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to the ceramic filter tubes respectively;

[0012] The bottom of the ash hopper is provided with a compressed nitrogen blowing device for fluidization / flame retardation / explosion prevention controlled by a gas source valve;

[0013] The middle box, the ash hopper, and the intersection vortex area of ​​the dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device are provided with a flame retardant / explosion-proof compressed nitrogen blowing device.

[0014] According to the high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device which integrates high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration of the present invention, uniformly distributed airflow holes with holes of ∮20-30mm are opened on the lower straight section tube wall of the primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device for dust-containing flue gas, and the opening rate is 40-50%.

[0015] According to the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase-change heat storage and high-temperature filtration of the present invention, the cavity of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage device is square or circular.

[0016] According to the high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration of the present invention, a high-temperature resistant protective layer is provided on the inner wall of the dust collector shell and the ash hopper, and a thermal insulation cotton and a protective plate layer are laid on the outer wall.

[0017] According to the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device which integrates high-temperature phase-change heat storage and high-temperature filtration, the internal components such as the dust collector shell, flower plate, spray pipe, and dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device are all made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

[0018] According to the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase-change heat storage and high-temperature filtration of the present invention, the pulse-jet cleaning device of the dust collector adopts an online cleaning method.

[0019] According to the high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device which integrates high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration of the present invention, the jet cleaning device is connected to a compressed nitrogen (or compressed air) gas source; the jet cleaning device is provided with a gas source preheating device before entering the gas distribution bag; the jet cleaning device also includes a pulse jet solenoid valve.

[0020] According to the high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration of the present invention, the high-temperature phase change heat storage device is a high-temperature phase change heat storage device that is filled with phase change heat storage material and has a plurality of "square cavities" or "circular cavities" and "honeycomb shapes" in a shell of the high-temperature phase change heat storage device, and then the high-temperature phase change heat storage device is vacuumed through an exhaust head.

[0021] The basic working principle of the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device of the present invention is that when the high-temperature flue gas passes through the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device provided with a high-temperature phase change heat storage device to filter and purify the high-temperature flue gas, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is absorbed when the high-temperature phase change heat storage material undergoes phase change, and it is within the set high-temperature section (i.e., 750-850°C). When the flue gas temperature passing through the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device provided with a high-temperature phase change heat storage device is lower than the set high-temperature section (i.e., 750-850°C), the high-temperature phase change heat storage material releases heat when the phase change occurs, and ensures that the temperature in the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device provided with the high-temperature phase change heat storage device is constant within the set high-temperature section (i.e., 750-850°C), thereby avoiding the effect of alternating thermal stress of the ceramic filter tube of the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, effectively improving the service life of the ceramic filter tube, minimizing the workload of daily maintenance and repair, and ensuring the stability and reliability of production such as converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] High-temperature phase-change thermal storage materials mainly store and release energy by absorbing or releasing heat when the thermal storage materials undergo phase change. High-temperature phase-change thermal storage materials have high thermal storage density, which can extend the switching time between high-temperature flue gas and air in the thermal storage chamber, reduce the switching frequency, reduce the number of cycles of the thermal storage medium per unit time, extend the service life of the thermal storage medium, and further provide guarantee for the reliable operation of the entire thermal storage system.

[0024] The utilization of phase change heat storage can make full use of its characteristic of working at almost constant temperature near the phase change temperature to reduce the temperature difference of heat extraction and release, which is more conducive to preventing thermal shock impact of phase change heat storage medium and ceramic filter tube of pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device.

[0025] A high-temperature phase change heat storage device is added to the high-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device, which effectively avoids the ceramic filter tube of the high-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device from thermal shock, effectively extends the service life of the high-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device and the stable reliability of operation, and greatly reduces the workload of equipment maintenance and repair.

[0026] The high-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device with built-in high-temperature phase change heat storage device is more efficient and stable than other dust removal and purification methods, and can ensure the stable recovery of clean dry coal gas and exhaust gas quality. The dust content of dry coal gas and exhaust gas is ≤10mg / Nm 3 . And it can avoid the micro-explosion phenomenon often caused by the spark of electrostatic precipitator, making the system operation safer.

[0027] The high-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device with built-in high-temperature phase-change heat storage device can effectively realize ultra-fine purification and filtration treatment of flue gas under high-temperature conditions, providing favorable conditions for subsequent high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery. It is not only beneficial for the waste heat recovery device to improve the waste heat recovery efficiency, but also can effectively improve the working reliability and stability of the waste heat recovery device, and can also greatly increase the service life of waste heat recovery and reduce the maintenance and repair workload.

[0028] The high-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device with built-in high-temperature phase-change heat storage device can effectively achieve ultra-fine purification and filtration of flue gas under high-temperature conditions, avoid water spraying for cooling or mixing with cold air for cooling, reduce the fan operating air volume, save fan power consumption, and have significant water, electricity, and environmental protection benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device that integrates high-temperature phase-change heat storage and high-temperature filtration.

[0030] Figure numerals: 2: dust removal ash pneumatic conveying transmitter; 4: ash hopper; 5: dust-containing high-temperature flue gas inlet; 10: high-temperature phase change heat storage device; 11: shell; 12: ceramic filter tube; 17: spray cleaning device; 18: clean high-temperature flue gas outlet; 19: upper box body; 20: partition; 21: middle box body; 22: dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device according to the present invention includes a circular shell 11 and an ash hopper 4, wherein the shell 11 includes a middle box 21 and an upper box 19 located above the middle box 21 and separated by a partition 20; the ash hopper 4 is located below the middle box; a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet 18 is provided on the upper box; a dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet 5 is provided on the middle box 21 or the ash hopper 4; the dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet 5 is connected along the tangent direction of the circular shell, and together with the dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device 22 arranged in the middle box or the ash hopper, the high-temperature dusty flue gas entering the dust collector is initially separated and settled; the dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device 22 is provided on the middle box or the ash hopper. The lower straight section of the tube wall of the stage cyclone separation / airflow equalization device 22 is provided with uniformly distributed airflow holes (∮20-30mm holes), and the opening rate is 40-50%; the lower part of the ash hopper is provided with a dust removal ash pneumatic conveying transmitter 2; a "square cavity" or "circular cavity" "honeycomb shape" high-temperature phase change heat storage device 10 is provided under the flower plate in the middle box body; each "square cavity" or "circular cavity" of the "honeycomb shape" of the high-temperature phase change heat storage device is provided with a ceramic filter tube 12; the upper end of each ceramic filter tube is open and the lower end is sealed; the tube wall of the ceramic filter tube has countless micropores for fine filtration; the upper end of the ceramic filter tube is sealed and fixed on the flower plate.

[0034] The upper end sealing and fixing method of the ceramic filter tube adopts an assembly combination of "ceramic bushing, ceramic filter tube upper end flange, and Venturi tube built into the upper end of the ceramic filter tube", and a pressure plate is fastened to the flower plate through bolts, gaskets and nuts.

[0035] The upper box body is provided with a spray cleaning device 17; the spray cleaning device 17 is provided with a plurality of nozzles; the plurality of nozzles respectively correspond to the ceramic filter tubes.

[0036] A compressed nitrogen injection device for fluidization / flame retardation / explosion prevention controlled by an air source valve is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper.

[0037] The "vortex area" where the middle box, ash hopper, and dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device intersect is provided with a flame retardant / explosion-proof compressed nitrogen blowing device consisting of a blowing pipe, an air distribution ring pipe, an air source valve, etc.

[0038] The inner wall of the circular shell and ash hopper of the dust collector is provided with a high temperature resistant protective layer, and the outer wall is provided with a heat insulation cotton and a protective plate layer.

[0039] The dust collector housing, flower plate, blowing pipe, and dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device and other internal components are all made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

[0040] The pulse jet cleaning device of the dust collector adopts an online cleaning method.

[0041] The spray cleaning device is connected to a compressed nitrogen (or compressed air) gas source; the spray cleaning device is provided with a gas source preheating device before entering the gas distribution bag; the spray cleaning device also includes a pulse spray solenoid valve.

[0042] The high-temperature phase-change heat storage device is a device that fills the phase-change heat storage material into a high-temperature phase-change heat storage device shell with multiple "square cavities" or "circular cavities" and "honeycomb shapes", and then vacuumizes the high-temperature phase-change heat storage device through an exhaust head.

[0043] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration, characterized in that: It comprises a shell and an ash hopper, wherein the shell comprises an upper box body and a middle box body from top to bottom, the upper box body and the middle box body are separated by a partition, and the ash hopper is located below the middle box body; The upper box body is provided with a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet, the middle box body or the ash hopper is provided with a dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet, and a dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device is provided at the dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet. The dusty high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected along the tangent direction of the circular shell, and together with the dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device provided in the middle box body or the ash hopper, the high-temperature dusty flue gas entering the dust collector is initially separated and settled. The straight section pipe wall at the lower part of the dusty flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device is provided with uniformly distributed airflow holes with ∮20-30mm holes, and the opening rate is 40-50%; A dust ash pneumatic conveying transmitter device is provided at the lower part of the ash hopper; A honeycomb-shaped high-temperature phase-change heat storage device is arranged in the middle box under the partition, and the high-temperature phase-change heat storage device has a cavity, and the cavity is square or circular, and a ceramic filter tube is arranged in each cavity, wherein the upper end of each ceramic filter tube is open and the lower end is sealed, and the tube wall of the ceramic filter tube has micropores, and the upper end of the ceramic filter tube is sealed and fixed on the partition; The upper box body is provided with a spray cleaning device, and the spray cleaning device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to the ceramic filter tubes respectively; The bottom of the ash hopper is provided with a compressed nitrogen blowing device controlled by a gas source valve for fluidization, flame retardancy and explosion prevention; The middle box, the ash hopper, and the intersection vortex area of ​​the dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device are provided with a flame retardant and explosion-proof compressed nitrogen blowing device.

2. The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner walls of the shell and the ash hopper are provided with a high temperature resistant protective layer, and the outer walls are provided with a heat insulation cotton and a protective plate layer.

3. The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shell, the flower plate, the spray cleaning device, and the dust-containing flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device are made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

4. The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spray cleaning device adopts an online cleaning method.

5. The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spray cleaning device is connected to a compressed nitrogen or compressed air source.

6. The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device integrating high-temperature phase change heat storage and high-temperature filtration according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The spray cleaning device is provided with an air source preheating device before entering the air distribution bag, and the spray cleaning device also includes a pulse spray solenoid valve.

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