A waste battery cutting and drying device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste battery recycling equipment, and provides a waste battery cutting and drying equipment. The equipment comprises a circular saw blade covered by a top cover, a box body is provided at the bottom of the top cover, a conveyor belt is supported on the top of the box body through a bracket, a feed hopper is fixed on the outer wall of the top cover, an upper limit plate is provided just above the conveyor belt, a support plate is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt, a guide plate is provided above the conveyor belt, a baffle is provided on the opposite side of the guide plate of the conveyor belt, a feed port is provided at the top of the box body, a slide-shaped guide hopper is provided at the top of the box body, a turning furnace is rotatably connected in the box body, an air inlet is provided at the support shaft at one end of the turning furnace, a hopper is provided at the upper end of the turning furnace, an exhaust pipe is also provided at the upper end of the turning furnace, a discharge pipe is provided at one side of the bottom of the turning furnace, and a discharge port is provided just below the discharge pipe of the box body. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the cutting and draining port, drying, and discharging of waste batteries are completed in one stop, and the recycling efficiency and recycling rate of waste batteries are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery recycling equipment, and in particular to a waste battery cutting and drying equipment. Background Art

[0002] Waste lithium-ion batteries are mainly composed of battery shell, positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, diaphragm, etc. The electrolyte of lithium-ion batteries is the carrier of ion transmission in the battery. The electrolyte is generally composed of lithium salt, solvent and additives. The commercially used electrolyte lithium salt is mainly LiPF6. At present, most recycling companies use pyrometallurgy and wet methods to treat waste lithium-ion batteries. In the existing technology, whether it is pyrometallurgy or wet method to treat waste batteries, the battery is first pierced with a discharge port and then the battery is discharged. The existing technology for discharging waste batteries mainly uses alkaline solution soaking, and then the discharged waste batteries are dried and crushed. Finally, it is determined whether to use pyrometallurgy or wet method to further recover the metals, electrode active components in the waste batteries and the more expensive components such as nickel ions, cobalt ions, and lithium ions in the electrolyte.

[0003] However, the above process is cumbersome, the discharge time is long, and if alkaline solution is used for discharge, some metals that are originally easy to refine, such as iron and aluminum, will be dissolved during the discharge process of the waste battery, increasing the difficulty and recovery rate of subsequent metal refining. There is no relevant equipment on the market that can separate the electrolyte and complete the discharge while cutting the discharge port of the waste battery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste battery cutting and drying device, which is mainly used to solve the problem that the waste battery recycling process needs to wait for the battery to discharge and cannot separate the battery body and the electrolyte.

[0005] The above technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical scheme: comprising a circular saw blade, the circular saw blade is driven by a cutting machine motor, the circular saw blade is covered by a top cover, the cutting machine motor is fixed to the outer side wall of the top cover, a box is provided at the bottom of the top cover, a pair of rollers are supported on the top of the box through a bracket, a conveyor belt is provided between the rollers, one of the rollers is located in the top cover, and the other of the rollers is located outside the top cover, the roller located in the top cover is driven by a conveyor motor, the conveyor motor is fixed to the outer side wall of the top cover, a feed hopper is fixed to the outer side wall of the top cover, and the feed hopper is located directly above the conveyor belt, The top cover is provided with a through slot on the side where the feed hopper is provided, and the through slot is used for passing the conveyor belt and waste batteries. An upper limit plate is provided just above the conveyor belt in the top cover, and the upper end of the upper limit plate is fixed to the top cover, and the bottom of the upper limit plate is provided with a U-shaped opening, and a connecting plate is fixed to the upper limit plate above the U-shaped opening, and a plurality of groups of compression springs are provided at the bottom of the connecting plate, and a pressure plate is provided at the bottom of the compression spring, and the bottom of the pressure plate is tightly attached to the waste batteries under the action of the compression spring, and the pressure plate moves in the U-shaped opening, and a support plate is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt on the upper side, and the support plate is located at the circular saw The conveyor belt is provided with a guide plate directly below the circular saw blade, the guide plate is rotatably connected to the top cover, the guide plate is located at the front side of the upper limit plate, and multiple groups of telescopic springs are connected between the end of the guide plate and the top cover. The conveyor belt is provided with a baffle on the opposite side of the guide plate, and one end of the waste battery is flush with one end of the baffle through the guide plate. A feed port is provided on the top of the box body, and a slide-shaped guide hopper is provided on the top of the box body. The guide hopper is located directly below the circular saw blade, and the low end of the guide hopper extends into the feed port, and the cut and separated part of the waste battery is slid into the feed port through the guide hopper. A flipping device is rotatably connected in the box body. A furnace, a support shaft is respectively provided at the left and right ends of the turning furnace, the support shaft at one end of the turning furnace is connected with a turning furnace motor, and the turning furnace motor is fixed to the outer wall of the box body, the support shaft at the other end of the turning furnace is provided with an air inlet hole, and an air valve is provided on the outer side of the support shaft with the air inlet hole, a hopper is provided at the upper end of the turning furnace, and the hopper is located directly below the feed port, an exhaust pipe is also provided at the upper end of the turning furnace, and the exhaust pipe is also provided with an air valve, a discharge pipe is provided on one side of the bottom of the turning furnace, and the discharge pipe is provided with a material valve, the box body is provided with a discharge port directly below the discharge pipe, and an air outlet pipe is provided on the top of the top cover.

[0006] Preferably, one end of the pressure plate is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, which is located in the direction where the waste battery enters the circular saw blade. This can prevent the battery from pressing against the end of the pressure plate when the pressure plate presses the waste battery, thereby avoiding accidents of the waste battery getting stuck in the machine.

[0007] Preferably, the guide hopper is provided with a side plate, which receives the cut-off end of the waste battery, and the side plate can prevent the cut-off end of the waste battery from popping out of the guide hopper when it falls down.

[0008] Preferably, the rotary furnace is inclined toward one side of the discharge pipe, so as to facilitate the waste batteries and processing auxiliary materials entering the rotary furnace to come out of the discharge pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the top cover is provided with an auxiliary material adding pipe just above the feed port, the auxiliary material adding pipe is provided with a material valve, and processing auxiliary materials are added to the rotary furnace through the auxiliary material adding pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the processing auxiliary material is a mixture of sand and iron particles. When the sand and iron particles are mixed with the waste batteries cut out of the discharge port, on the one hand, some of them enter the battery core, accelerating the drying of the battery core, and the sand or iron particles will rub the dried electrolyte and electrode sheet coating in the battery core during the process of entering and exiting the battery core, and the dried and solidified electrolyte and electrode sheet coating can be scraped off into powder; on the other hand, when the liquid electrolyte flows out, it contacts more sand and iron particles instead of the turning furnace, which can avoid excessive adhesion of electrolyte in the drying equipment and reduce the recovery rate; finally, the iron particles will cause a micro-short circuit in the battery during the mixing process of the waste batteries, realizing the discharge of the battery, so that the battery can be discharged during the drying process.

[0011] Preferably, the processing auxiliary material is a mixture of sand particles and graphite particles. Graphite particles have the same effect as iron particles, and graphite has a greater resistance, making the mixed discharge process of waste batteries more stable.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the cutting of the discharge port, drying and discharging of the waste batteries can be completed in one stop, thereby improving the recycling efficiency and recycling rate of the waste batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure I ;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure II ;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure III ;

[0018] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of detail A of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 It is an enlarged view of detail B of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a three-view drawing of the component top cover of the present invention;

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a three-view drawing of the upper limit plate of the component of the present invention;

[0022] Fig.10 It is a three-view drawing of the guide hopper component of the present invention;

[0023] Fig.11 It is a three-view drawing of the component baffle of the present invention;

[0024] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a component pressing plate of the present invention;

[0025] Fig.13 It is a three-view drawing of the component support plate of the present invention;

[0026] Markings in the figure: 1. Box body, 2. Support shaft, 3. Tumbling furnace, 4. Tumbling furnace motor, 5. Air inlet, 6. Feed port, 7. Air valve, 8. Discharge pipe, 9. Material valve, 10. Discharge port, 11. Exhaust pipe, 12. Hopper, 13. Bracket, 14. Roller, 15. Conveyor belt, 16. Feed hopper, 17. Top cover, 1701. Through slot, 18. Upper limit plate, 1801. U-shaped mouth, 19. Circular saw blade, 20. Air outlet pipe, 21. Guide hopper, 2101. Side plate, 22. Conveyor motor, 23. Baffle, 24. Cutting machine motor, 25. Connecting plate, 26. Compression spring, 27. Press plate, 2701. Arc-shaped lift, 28. Support plate, 29. Guide plate, 30. Telescopic spring, 31. Auxiliary material adding pipe, 32. Processing auxiliary materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] A waste battery cutting and drying device according to this embodiment, such as Figure 1-13As shown, it includes a circular saw blade 19, which is driven by a cutting machine motor 24. The circular saw blade 19 is covered by a top cover 17, and the cutting machine motor 24 is fixed to the outer side wall of the top cover 17. A box body 1 is provided at the bottom of the top cover 17. A pair of rollers 14 are supported on the top of the box body 1 through a bracket 13. A conveyor belt 15 is provided between the rollers 14. One roller 14 is located in the top cover 17, and the other roller 14 is located outside the top cover 17. The roller 14 located in the top cover 17 is driven by a conveyor motor 22, and the conveyor motor 22 is fixed to the outer side wall of the top cover 17. A feed hopper 16 is fixed to the outer side wall of the top cover 17. The feed hopper 16 is located directly above the conveyor belt 15. The top cover 17 is provided with a through slot 1701 on the side where the feed hopper 16 is provided, and the through slot 1701 is used for passing the conveyor belt 15 and waste batteries. An upper limit plate 18 is provided directly above the conveyor belt 15 located in the top cover 17, and the upper end of the upper limit plate 18 is fixed to the top cover 17. like Fig. 9 As shown, the upper limit plate 18 has a U-shaped opening 1801 at the bottom. The upper limit plate 18 has a connecting plate 25 fixed above the U-shaped opening 1801. The connecting plate 25 has multiple sets of compression springs 26 at the bottom. The compression springs 26 have a pressing plate 27 at the bottom. Under the action of the compression springs 26, the bottom of the pressing plate 27 is in close contact with the waste battery, and the pressing plate 27 moves in the U-shaped opening 1801. The bottom of the conveyor belt 15 located on the upper side is provided with a supporting plate 28, and the supporting plate 28 is located directly below the circular saw blade 19. Figure 3-4 As shown, a guide plate 29 is provided above the conveyor belt 15, and the guide plate 29 is rotatably connected to the top cover 17. The guide plate 29 is located in front of the upper limit plate 18, and multiple groups of telescopic springs 30 are connected between the end of the guide plate 29 and the top cover 17. The conveyor belt 15 is provided with a baffle 23 on the opposite side of the guide plate 29, and one end of the waste battery is flush with one end of the baffle 23 through the guide plate 29. A feed port 6 is provided on the top of the box body 1, and a slide-shaped guide hopper 21 is provided on the top of the box body 1. The guide hopper 21 is located directly below the circular saw blade 19, and the lower end of the guide hopper 21 extends into the feed port 6, and the cut and separated part of the waste battery slides into the feed port 6 through the guide hopper 21. A reversing furnace 3 is rotatably connected in the box body 1. A support shaft 2 is provided at each of the left and right ends of the reversing furnace 3. The support shaft 2 at one end of the reversing furnace 3 is connected to a reversing furnace motor 4. The reversing furnace motor 4 is fixed to the outer wall of the box body 1. The support shaft 2 at the other end of the reversing furnace 3 is provided with an air inlet 5. An air valve 7 is provided on the outer side of the support shaft 2 with the air inlet 5. A hopper 12 is provided at the upper end of the reversing furnace 3. The hopper 12 is located directly below the feed port 6. An exhaust pipe 11 is also provided at the upper end of the reversing furnace 3. The exhaust pipe 11 is also provided with an air valve 7. A discharge pipe 8 is provided at one side of the bottom of the reversing furnace 3. The discharge pipe 8 is provided with a material valve 9. A discharge port 10 is provided at the box body 1 directly below the discharge pipe 8. An air outlet pipe 20 is provided at the top of the top cover 17.

[0030] Among them, Fig.12As shown, an arc-shaped protrusion 2701 is provided at one end of the pressure plate 27, and the arc-shaped protrusion 2701 is located in the direction where the waste battery enters the circular saw blade 19, which can prevent the battery from pressing against the end side of the pressure plate 27 when the pressure plate 27 presses the waste battery, thereby avoiding the accident of the waste battery getting stuck in the machine.

[0031] Among them, Fig.10 As shown, the guide hopper 21 is provided with a side plate 2101, which receives the cut-off end of the waste battery. The side plate 2101 can prevent the cut-off end of the waste battery from falling and popping out of the guide hopper 21.

[0032] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the rotary furnace 3 is inclined toward the discharge pipe 8 , so that the waste batteries and processing auxiliary materials 32 entering the rotary furnace 3 can be easily discharged from the discharge pipe 8 .

[0033] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the top cover 17 is provided with an auxiliary material adding pipe 31 just above the feed port 6 , and the auxiliary material adding pipe 31 is provided with a material valve 9 , and processing auxiliary materials 32 are added to the rotary furnace 3 through the auxiliary material adding pipe 31 .

[0034] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the processing auxiliary material 32 is a mixture of sand and iron particles. When the sand and iron particles are mixed with the waste batteries cut out of the discharge port, on the one hand, some of them enter the battery core, accelerating the drying of the battery core, and the sand or iron particles will rub the dried electrolyte and the electrode sheet coating layer in the battery core during the process of entering and exiting the battery core, and the dried and solidified electrolyte and electrode sheet coating layer can be scraped off into powder; on the other hand, when the liquid electrolyte flows out, it contacts more sand and iron particles, rather than the turning furnace 3, which can avoid excessive adhesion of electrolyte in the drying equipment and reduce the recovery rate; finally, the iron particles will cause a micro-short circuit in the battery during the mixing process of the waste batteries, realizing the discharge of the battery, so that the battery can be discharged during the drying process.

[0035] When in use, first add processing auxiliary materials 32 from the auxiliary material adding pipe 31. The processing auxiliary materials 32 in this embodiment are sand and iron particles. Then close the material valve 9 of the auxiliary material adding pipe 31. Then, nitrogen is introduced from the air inlet 5 of the left support shaft 2. On the one hand, the heated nitrogen heats the sand and iron particles in the tumbling furnace 3 through heat transfer, and on the other hand, the nitrogen enters the top cover at the top of the box body 1 from the hopper 12. The used batteries are relatively neatly stacked into the feed hopper 16. In order to improve efficiency, special material conveying equipment can be used to regularize the used batteries into the same direction and then transport them into the feed hopper 16. Under the action of the transmission belt, the used batteries in the feed hopper 16 are continuously conveyed into the top cover 17 by the conveyor belt 15 from the through groove 1701 on the side wall of the top cover 17. There is a pressure plate 27 above the batteries entering the top cover 17 to prevent the batteries from stacking, and the batteries will encounter an inclined guide plate 29 during the process of being transmitted to the circular saw blade 19. The guide plate 29 can make the used batteries move toward the circular saw blade 19 and finally contact the baffle 23 and align at one end of the baffle 23.

[0036] After alignment, the used batteries continue to be transported toward the circular saw blade 19, and enter the pressing plate 27 from the arc-shaped tilted end 2701 of the pressing plate 27. The compression spring 26 provided at the upper end of the pressing plate 27 can be the bottom of the pressing plate 27 that contacts the used batteries, so that the used batteries can have a certain downward force when contacting the circular saw blade 19 to ensure the stability of the used batteries during cutting, and are not completely restricted, so that the used batteries can be cut while being transported. During cutting, a support plate 28 is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt 15 located on the upper side, and the support plate 28 can provide rigid support for the cutting of used batteries. The support plate 28 is U-shaped, avoiding the conveyor belt 15 and the guide hopper 21 on the lower side. A portion of the used batteries is cut off by the circular saw blade 19, so that the used batteries form a discharge port. The cut-off portion of the used batteries falls downward into the guide hopper 21, and slides from the guide hopper 21 into the feed port 6 and enters the turning furnace 3. The used batteries on the conveyor belt 15 will also be poured into the turning furnace 3 under the action of the conveyor belt 15 with the drain ports cut open.

[0037] At the same time, the nitrogen that enters the rotary furnace 3 from the air inlet enters the top cover 17 from the hopper 12 and the feed port 6, so that the top cover 17 is filled with nitrogen. The nitrogen in the top cover 17 can ensure that there is no oxygen or lack of oxygen during the cutting process, and it is difficult to generate sparks.

[0038] After that, the material valve 9 of the hopper 12 is closed, and the motor 4 of the rotary furnace is started, so that the waste batteries and the processing auxiliary materials 32 are fully contacted and mixed, and the processing auxiliary materials 32 and the waste batteries rub against each other. Sand and iron particles accelerate the drying of the waste batteries, and the solidified electrolyte and the active substances on the electrode sheets are scraped off into powder. Finally, the material valve 9 of the discharge pipe 8 is opened to pour the waste batteries and the processing auxiliary materials 32 out of the discharge port 10. After that, the waste batteries and the electrolyte solids and the active substances of the electrode sheets that have become powder can be separated by using a sieve. This is faster than using alkali solution to discharge and then dry, and part of the available components will not be consumed by the alkali solution.

[0039] The processing auxiliary material 32 may also be a mixture of sand and graphite particles. Graphite particles have the same effect as iron particles, and graphite has a greater resistance, making the mixed discharge process of waste batteries more stable. However, the hardness of graphite is not as high as that of iron particles, so the processing auxiliary material 32 of the best solution of this embodiment is to use sand and iron particles.

[0040] This embodiment is only an example implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications based on the application methods and principles disclosed in the present invention, and it is not limited to the structure described in the above specific implementation of the present invention. Therefore, the method described above is only a preferred solution and does not have a restrictive meaning. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste battery cutting and drying device, comprising a circular saw blade (19), wherein the circular saw blade (19) is driven by a cutting machine motor (24), characterized in that: The circular saw blade (19) is covered by a top cover (17), the cutting machine motor (24) is fixed to the outer wall of the top cover (17), a box body (1) is provided at the bottom of the top cover (17), a pair of rollers (14) are supported on the top of the box body (1) through a bracket (13), a conveyor belt (15) is provided between the rollers (14), and one of the rollers (14) The top cover (17) is located inside the top cover (17), one of the rollers (14) is located outside the top cover (17), the roller (14) located inside the top cover (17) is driven by a conveyor motor (22), the conveyor motor (22) is fixed to the outer wall of the top cover (17), a feed hopper (16) is fixed to the outer wall of the top cover (17), the feed hopper (16) is located directly above the conveyor belt (15), the top cover (17) is provided with a through groove (1701) on one side where the feed hopper (16) is provided, the through groove (1701) is used for passing the conveyor belt (15) and waste batteries, and the conveyor belt (15) located inside the top cover (17) is provided with a through groove (1701) on the side where the feed hopper (16) is provided. An upper limit plate (18) is provided directly above the upper part, the upper end of the upper limit plate (18) is fixed to the top cover (17), a U-shaped opening (1801) is provided at the bottom of the upper limit plate (18), a connecting plate (25) is fixed above the upper limit plate (18) above the U-shaped opening (1801), a plurality of groups of compression springs (26) are provided at the bottom of the connecting plate (25), a pressing plate (27) is provided at the bottom of the compression spring (26), the bottom of the pressing plate (27) is in close contact with the waste battery under the action of the compression spring (26), the pressing plate (27) moves in the U-shaped opening (1801), and the bottom of the conveyor belt (15) located on the upper side is provided with A support plate (28), the support plate (28) being located directly below the circular saw blade (19), a guide plate (29) being provided above the conveyor belt (15), the guide plate (29) being rotatably connected to the top cover (17), the guide plate (29) being located in front of the upper limit plate (18), a plurality of groups of telescopic springs (30) being connected between the end of the guide plate (29) and the top cover (17), and a baffle (30) being provided on the opposite side of the conveyor belt (15) to the guide plate (29). 23), one end of the waste battery is aligned with one end of the baffle (23) through the guide plate (29), a feed port (6) is provided on the top of the box body (1), a slide-shaped guide hopper (21) is provided on the top of the box body (1), the guide hopper (21) is located directly below the circular saw blade (19), the lower end of the guide hopper (21) extends into the feed port (6), the cut and separated part of the waste battery is slid into the feed port (6) through the guide hopper (21), and the box body ( 1) is rotatably connected to a turning furnace (3), the left and right ends of the turning furnace (3) are each provided with a support shaft (2), the support shaft (2) at one end of the turning furnace (3) is connected to a turning furnace motor (4), the turning furnace motor (4) is fixed to the outer wall of the box body (1), the support shaft (2) at the other end of the turning furnace (3) is provided with an air inlet hole (5), and an air valve (7) is provided on the outer side of the support shaft (2) provided with the air inlet hole (5), and the turning furnace (3) A hopper (12) is provided at the upper end of the rotary furnace (3), and the hopper (12) is located directly below the feed port (6). An exhaust pipe (11) is also provided at the upper end of the rotary furnace (3), and the exhaust pipe (11) is also provided with an air valve (7). A discharge pipe (8) is provided at one side of the bottom of the rotary furnace (3), and the discharge pipe (8) is provided with a material valve (9). A discharge port (10) is provided directly below the discharge pipe (8), and an air outlet pipe (20) is provided at the top of the top cover (17); One end of the pressing plate (27) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion (2701); The guide hopper (21) is provided with a side plate (2101); The tilting furnace (3) is tilted toward one side of the discharge pipe (8); The top cover (17) is provided with an auxiliary material adding pipe (31) directly above the material inlet (6); the auxiliary material adding pipe (31) is provided with a material valve (9); processing auxiliary materials (32) are added to the rotary furnace (3) through the auxiliary material adding pipe (31); the processing auxiliary materials (32) are a mixture of sand particles and iron particles; the processing auxiliary materials (32) are a mixture of sand particles and graphite particles.

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