A bypass valve

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid control devices and discloses a bypass valve. A valve cage assembly is provided at the bottom of the valve seat of the present invention. The inner wall of the flow equalizing cover and the valve cage assembly constitutes a columnar channel and is adapted to be provided with a reciprocatingly slidable valve core assembly. A sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the valve cage assembly. An atomizing assembly is provided at a position of the sieve plate corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly. A valve stem is provided at the top of the valve core assembly. The valve stem passes through the valve cover at one end away from the valve core assembly and extends to the outside of the valve body. High-temperature and high-pressure steam is gradually reduced in pressure in the valve cage. An atomizing assembly is provided in the middle of the sieve plate to achieve rapid cooling. While ensuring the pressure reducing and cooling effects, cavitation and flashing phenomena can be avoided, thereby extending the service life and being durable, with great promotion value and broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid control devices, and in particular to a bypass valve. Background Art

[0002] In the thermal system of a thermal power unit, the turbine bypass system has become a crucial component of the reheat unit's thermal system. When the operating conditions of the boiler and turbine are mismatched, the difference between the steam produced by the boiler and the steam required by the turbine can bypass the turbine and be directly introduced into the condenser after pressure reduction and temperature reduction. The bypass system of an reheat unit is a crucial regulating and protection system for unit startup and shutdown, or during emergency conditions. Although the installation of a bypass system increases investment, it is offset by benefits such as protecting the reheater, shortening startup time, reducing startup heat loss, increasing unit operational flexibility, and extending the unit's service life. The bypass system primarily consists of two components: valves and controls. Its connection type, function selection, and capacity have a significant impact on unit operation.

[0003] The most widely used system at present is the two-stage series bypass system. The high-pressure bypass system consists of a high-pressure bypass valve, a water spray regulating valve and a water spray isolation valve, and the cooling water comes from the boiler feed water pump outlet; the low-pressure bypass system consists of a low-pressure bypass valve, a water spray regulating valve and a water spray isolation valve, and the cooling water comes from the condensate pump outlet.

[0004] Steam turbine bypass valves not only have to withstand considerable internal pressure during operation, but also have to withstand thermal shock and heat loads caused by drastic temperature changes in a relatively short period of time due to changes in operating conditions and the effect of water spray cooling. However, existing bypass valves are not structurally sound and cannot withstand large pressure drops. The cooling is also not thorough enough, resulting in high component wear and short service life.

[0005] Therefore, the technical field of fluid control devices is in urgent need of a bypass valve with sophisticated structure, significant pressure reduction and temperature reduction effects, flexible movement and durability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a bypass valve with a sophisticated structure, significant pressure reduction and temperature reduction effects, flexible action and durability.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] When unclamping said control button, under the effect of the compression spring and the bubble holding vessel internal pressure that shaves, combine closely in the interior edge of valve gap and sealing load chamber, and irritate the closure material and the air duct of valve body, and irritate the closure material and the air duct of valve body. When unclamping said control button, under the effect of the compression spring and the air duct, irritate the closure material and the air duct of valve body, make the valve closes and the air duct, form a bottom surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow balancing cover includes a cylindrical cover body with openings at both ends, and a plurality of flow balancing holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the lower part of the side wall of the cover body, and the flow balancing holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple columns evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; an external boss is provided on the top of the outer wall of the cover body, and a plurality of connection holes for fixing to the valve cover are evenly distributed on the circumference of the external boss.

[0010] Furthermore, an inner boss is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the flow balancing cover, a bushing is provided on the top surface of the inner boss, the outer wall of the bushing is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the flow balancing cover, and the inner wall of the bushing is adapted to the valve core assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the valve cage assembly includes a plurality of orderly nested cage plates, each of which is cylindrical with openings at both ends, and a plurality of cage holes are evenly distributed around the side wall of each cage plate, wherein the cage holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple columns evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the inner cage plate is provided with a circumferentially extending annular groove, each of the cage holes is located at the bottom of the annular groove, and the notch of the annular groove fits with the inner wall of the adjacent cage plate to form a circumferentially extending flow-equalizing annular cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, a convex edge is provided on the top of the outer wall of each of the cage plates located on the inner side, and an adaptive recessed ring is provided at the position corresponding to the convex edge of the cage plate located on the outer side. A flange is provided on the top of the outer wall of the outermost cage plate, and a concave cavity adapted to the valve seat is provided on the top of the flange.

[0014] Furthermore, the first sealing assembly includes a first sealing filler located between the upper opening of the valve body and the outer side wall of the valve cover, a petal pressing ring is provided on the top of the first sealing filler, the outer edge of the petal pressing ring extends into the retaining ring cavity opened on the inner side wall of the valve body, a support ring is provided on the inner edge of the petal pressing ring, the lower outer side wall of the support ring is adapted to the inner side wall of the support ring, the upper outer side wall of the support ring is adapted to the inner side wall of the valve body, the inner side wall of the support ring is adapted to the valve cover, and a number of first pressing bolts are evenly distributed circumferentially on the end face of the support ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the second sealing assembly includes a second sealing packing located between the valve stem and the inner wall of the valve cover, a pressing ring is provided on the top of the second sealing packing, a pressing plate is provided on the top of the pressing ring, and the pressing plate is connected to the valve cover through a plurality of second pressing bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, the atomizing assembly includes a cooling channel extending radially along the sieve plate and passing through the side wall of the valve body. The sieve plate is provided with a detachably connected atomizing nozzle at the lower end of the middle channel of the valve cage assembly. The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle is reduced in diameter at the position corresponding to the cooling channel to form a cooling ring cavity. A plurality of cooling nozzles are evenly distributed around the circumference of the side wall of the cooling ring cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the valve core assembly includes a main valve core that is adapted to the inner wall of the valve cage assembly and / or the inner wall of the flow equalizing cover, a receiving cavity is provided in the middle position of the top of the main valve core, a secondary valve core is provided in the receiving cavity, and a pressure equalizing hole extending along the central axis is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity, the lower end of the secondary valve core is air-tightly connected to the top of the pressure equalizing hole, the top of the secondary valve core is connected to the valve stem, and the secondary valve core can rise or fall before the main valve core.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0019] The bottom of the valve seat of the present invention is provided with a valve cage assembly, the inner side walls of the flow equalizing cover and the valve cage assembly form a columnar channel and are adapted to be provided with a reciprocatingly slidable valve core assembly, the bottom of the valve cage assembly is provided with a sieve plate, and the position of the sieve plate corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly is provided with an atomizing assembly; the top of the valve core assembly is provided with a valve stem, and the valve stem passes through the valve cover at one end away from the valve core assembly and extends to the outside of the valve body, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is gradually reduced in the valve cage, and an atomizing assembly is provided in the middle of the sieve plate to achieve rapid cooling. While ensuring the pressure reduction and cooling effect, cavitation and flash evaporation can be avoided, the service life is extended, and the valve is durable, with great promotion value and broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of point A;

[0023] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the valve core assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary valve core of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic cross-section of the flow shroud of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cage assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic cross-section of the primary cage of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic cross-section of the secondary valve cage of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic cross-section of the three-stage cage of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 Schematic cross-section of the four-stage cage of the present invention.

[0032] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings:

[0033] 11-upper valve body, 12-lower valve body, 13-injection pipe joint, 14-cooling pipe joint, 15-valve front chamber, 16-flow equalizing chamber, 17-valve rear chamber, 18-tail chamber, 19-flow equalizing cover, 2-valve seat, 3-valve cover, 4-auxiliary valve core, 41-auxiliary core body, 42-valve stem chamber, 43-pin hole, 44-pin rod, 45-circlip chamber, 46-pressure equalizing groove, 47-first sealing ring, 48 -spring, 49-limiting ring, 5-main valve core, 51-main core body, 52-main valve hole, 53-first sealing ring, 54-sealing groove, 55-pressure ring, 56-pressure equalizing hole, 57-second sealing ring, 6-valve cage assembly, 61-first-level valve cage, 611-first-level cage plate, 612-first-level ring cavity, 613-first-level cage hole, 614-first-level positioning hole, 62-secondary valve cage, 621-second Stage cage plate, 622-secondary ring cavity, 623-secondary cage hole, 624-secondary positioning hole, 63-third-stage valve cage, 631-third-stage cage plate, 632-third-stage ring cavity, 633-third-stage cage hole, 634-third-stage positioning hole, 64-fourth-stage valve cage, 641-fourth-stage cage plate, 643-fourth-stage cage hole, 644-fourth-stage positioning hole, 645-flange, 7-first sealing assembly, 71-first sealing packing, 72-petal pressure ring, 73-support ring, 74-first pressure bolt, 8-second sealing assembly, 81-second sealing packing, 82-pressure ring, 83-pressure plate, 84-second pressure bolt, 9-atomization assembly, 91-cooling channel, 92-atomization nozzle, 93-cooling ring cavity, 94-cooling nozzle, 95-high temperature channel, 96-high temperature nozzle, 97-pressing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] A bypass valve comprises a valve body, a valve cavity which passes axially through the middle of the valve body, an injection port which communicates with the valve cavity is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the valve body, a flow equalizing cover 19 is provided at the position of the valve cavity corresponding to the injection port, a valve seat 2 is provided at the bottom of the flow equalizing cover 19, a valve cover 3 is provided at the top of the flow equalizing cover 19, and the valve cover 3 passes through the valve cavity at one end away from the flow equalizing cover 19; a valve cage assembly 6 is provided at the bottom of the valve seat 2, the flow equalizing cover 19 and the inner side walls of the valve cage assembly 6 form a columnar channel and are adapted to be provided with a reciprocatingly slidable valve core assembly, a sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the valve cage assembly 6, and an atomizing assembly 9 is provided at the position of the sieve plate corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly 6; a valve stem is provided at the top of the valve core assembly, the valve stem passes through the valve cover 3 at one end away from the valve core assembly and extends to the outside of the valve body, a first sealing assembly 7 is provided between the outer side wall of the valve cover 3 and the inner side wall of the valve body, and a second sealing assembly 8 is provided between the inner side wall of the valve cover 3 and the valve stem. It can be understood that the inner surface of the flow balancing hood 19, the bottom surface of the valve cover 3 and the top surface of the valve core assembly form a valve front chamber 15, the outer wall of the flow balancing hood 19 and the inner wall of the valve chamber form a flow balancing chamber 16, the outer wall of the valve cage assembly 6 and the inner wall of the valve chamber form a valve rear chamber 17, and the bottom surface of the sieve plate and the inner wall of the valve chamber form a tail chamber 18; for the convenience of processing, the valve body is divided into an upper valve body 11 and a lower valve body 12 at the lower part of the side wall of the valve rear chamber 17, and the upper valve body 11 is provided with an injection pipe joint 13 for allowing high-temperature steam to pass into the valve body at a position corresponding to the valve front chamber 15, and the lower valve body 12 is provided with a cooling pipe joint 14 for allowing cooling water to pass into the atomizing assembly 9 at a position corresponding to the atomizing assembly 9.

[0036] Furthermore, the flow balancing cover 19 comprises a cylindrical cover body with openings at both ends. The lower portion of the cover body's sidewall has a plurality of flow balancing holes evenly distributed around its circumference. The flow balancing holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumference. An external shoulder is provided at the top of the cover body's outer wall, and a plurality of connection holes evenly distributed around the circumference of the external shoulder are provided for securing the cover to the valve cover 3. It is understood that providing multiple rows of flow balancing holes evenly distributed along the axial direction on the flow balancing cover 19 can facilitate the passage of fluid and ensure better dispersion. However, providing multiple rows of flow balancing holes evenly distributed around the circumference can achieve uniform stress distribution, ensure component stability, and avoid vibration and noise.

[0037] Furthermore, an inner shoulder is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the flow balancing cover 19, and a bushing is provided on the top surface of the inner shoulder. The outer wall of the bushing fits tightly against the inner wall of the flow balancing cover 19, and the inner wall of the bushing fits snugly with the valve core assembly. It is understood that during operation, the main valve core 5 will naturally rub against the flow balancing cover 19. The provision of the bushing can extend the life of the main valve core 5 and the flow balancing cover 19 and also facilitate component replacement.

[0038] Furthermore, the valve cage assembly 6 includes a plurality of cage plates nested in an orderly manner, each of which is cylindrical with both ends open. A plurality of cage holes are evenly distributed around the side wall of each cage plate, and the cage holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the outer wall of the inner cage plate is provided with a circumferentially extending annular groove, and each cage hole is located at the bottom of the annular groove. The notch of the annular groove fits with the inner wall of the adjacent cage plate to form a circumferentially extending flow-equalizing annular cavity. It can be understood that the provision of annular grooves and the formation of flow-equalizing annular cavities can evenly distribute the fluid in each level of cage plates. Figures 7-11 As shown, four levels of valve cages are provided, which are, from inside to outside, a first-level valve cage 61, a second-level valve cage 62, a third-level valve cage 63, and a fourth-level valve cage 64; the first-level valve cage 61 is mainly composed of a first-level cage plate 611, a first-level cage hole 613 is provided on the first-level cage plate 611, and a first-level annular cavity 612 is provided on the outer wall of the first-level cage plate 611 at a position corresponding to the first-level cage hole 613; the second-level valve cage 62 is mainly composed of a second-level cage plate 621, a first-level cage hole 613 is provided on the second-level cage plate 621 The secondary cage hole 623 is located on the outer wall of the secondary cage plate 621, and a secondary annular cavity 622 is provided at a position corresponding to the secondary cage hole 623. The tertiary valve cage 63 is mainly composed of a tertiary cage plate 631, which has a tertiary cage hole 633 on it. The tertiary annular cavity 632 is provided on the outer wall of the tertiary cage plate 631, and a position corresponding to the tertiary cage hole 633. The quaternary valve cage 64 is mainly composed of a quaternary cage plate 641, which has a quaternary cage hole 643 on it. In addition, to achieve a better pressure reduction effect, the primary cage hole 613, the secondary cage hole 623, the tertiary cage hole 633, and the quaternary cage hole 643 are staggered. Therefore, the primary positioning hole 614, the secondary positioning hole 624, the tertiary positioning hole 634, and the quaternary positioning hole 644 are provided on each cage plate, respectively.

[0039] Furthermore, the top of the outer wall of each inner cage plate is provided with a ridge, and the outer cage plate is provided with a corresponding recessed ring at the position of the ridge. The top of the outer wall of the outermost cage plate is provided with a flange 645, and the top of flange 645 is provided with a cavity that matches the valve seat 2. It can be understood that the provision of the ridge and recessed ring can achieve axial positioning. The flange 645 on the top of the outermost cage plate facilitates matching with the upper valve body 11 and being compressed by the valve seat 2, thereby achieving axial positioning of the valve cage assembly 6.

[0040] Furthermore, the first sealing assembly 7 includes a first sealing packing 71 located between the upper opening of the valve body and the outer side wall of the valve cover 3. A split pressure ring 72 is provided on the top of the first sealing packing 71. The outer edge of the split pressure ring 72 extends into the clamping ring cavity opened on the inner side wall of the valve body. A support ring 73 is provided on the inner side of the split pressure ring 72. The lower outer side wall of the support ring 73 is adapted to the inner side wall of the support ring 73. The upper outer side wall of the support ring 73 is adapted to the inner side wall of the valve body. The inner side wall of the support ring 73 is adapted to the valve cover 3. A plurality of first pressure bolts 74 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the end surface of the support ring 73. Furthermore, the second sealing assembly 8 includes a second sealing packing 81 located between the valve stem and the inner side wall of the valve cover 3. A pressure ring 82 is provided on the top of the second sealing packing 81. A pressure plate 83 is provided on the top of the pressure ring 82. The pressure plate 83 is connected to the valve cover 3 through a plurality of second pressure bolts 84. It can be understood that the clever application of the split pressure ring 72 can realize the compression of the first sealing packing 71 by utilizing the structure of the upper valve body 11 itself. The side wall of the upper valve body 11 is provided with a radially extending top hole corresponding to the position of each petal pressure ring to realize the disassembly and replacement of the split pressure ring 72; a pressure plate 83 and a second pressure bolt 84 are provided to compress the second sealing packing 81 to realize the seal between the valve stem and the valve cover 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the atomizing assembly 9 includes a cooling channel 91 extending radially along the sieve plate and passing through the side wall of the valve body. A detachably connected atomizing nozzle 92 is provided at a position corresponding to the lower end of the middle channel of the sieve plate corresponding to the valve cage assembly 6. The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle 92 is reduced in diameter at a position corresponding to the cooling channel 91 to form a cooling ring cavity 93. A number of cooling nozzles 94 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the side wall of the cooling ring cavity 93. It can be understood that the atomizing assembly 9 includes a cooling channel 91 extending axially along the sieve plate and passing through the side wall of the valve body. The sieve plate is provided with a detachably connected atomizing nozzle 92 at the lower end of the middle channel of the valve cage assembly 6. The middle part of the inner wall of the atomizing nozzle 92 is necked to form a bell-shaped channel. The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle 92 is reduced in diameter at the position corresponding to the cooling channel 91 to form a cooling ring cavity 93. A number of cooling nozzles 94 are evenly distributed around the side wall of the cooling ring cavity 93. The cooling nozzles 94 include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple columns evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. A number of circumferentially evenly distributed high-temperature channels 95 are provided on the periphery of the atomizing nozzle 92. The lower end of each high-temperature channel 95 faces the outer wall of the atomizing nozzle 92. A high-temperature nozzle 96 is provided at the position of the atomizing nozzle 92 corresponding to the high-temperature channel 95. A retaining ring 97 is provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the atomizing nozzle 92. The retaining ring 97 is provided with a through hole at the position corresponding to the high-temperature nozzle 96. The atomizing nozzle 92 effectively mixes the sprayed cooling water with the steam to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling. The steam pressure drop is used to accelerate the airflow. The cooling nozzle 94 is short in length and flows at a high speed. The heat exchange between the steam and the valve body can be ignored. It can be regarded as an ideal constant entropy flow, which improves the material stability of the valve body. After the steam flows through the throat of the nozzle core bell mouth, the flow rate increases to greater than the speed of sound. The high-speed flowing steam instantly atomizes the cooling water. The atomization area is located in the lower cavity of the valve. The atomization is uniform and the distribution is particularly uniform, thereby achieving rapid cooling.

[0042] Furthermore, the valve core assembly includes a main valve core 5 adapted to the inner wall of the valve cage assembly 6 and / or the inner wall of the flow equalizing cover 19, a receiving cavity is provided in the middle position of the top of the main valve core 5, a secondary valve core 4 is provided in the receiving cavity, and a pressure equalizing hole 56 extending along the central axis is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity, the lower end of the secondary valve core 4 is air-tightly connected to the top of the pressure equalizing hole 56, the top of the secondary valve core 4 is connected to the valve stem, and the secondary valve core 4 can rise or fall before the main valve core 5. It can be understood that the valve core assembly includes a main valve core 5 that is adapted to the inner wall of the valve cage assembly 6 and / or the inner wall of the flow equalizing cover 19, and a number of main valve holes 52 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the lower part of the outer wall of the main valve core 5. The main valve holes 52 include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple columns evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. A pressure equalizing hole 56 is provided in the middle of the main valve core 5, and a cylindrical cavity is provided on the top of the pressure equalizing hole 56. A secondary valve core 4 is provided in the cylindrical cavity. The secondary valve core 4 includes a stepped shaft-shaped secondary core body 41 with a large diameter in the middle and small diameters at both ends. A spring 48 is provided on the outer side surface of the lower end of the secondary core body 41. The elasticity of the spring 48 can realize that the secondary valve core 4 rises or falls before the main valve core 5. When the valve is opened, the auxiliary valve core 4 opens first under the dual force of the spring 48 and the valve stem, quickly achieving a balance between the pressure before the valve and the pressure after the valve. The valve stem only needs to provide a very small force to open the valve; when the valve is closed, the main valve core 5 is closed first to achieve rapid valve closing, and then the auxiliary valve core 4 is closed to achieve complete sealing of the valve. The main valve core 5 is sealed under the action of the front and rear pressure difference, its own gravity and the thrust of the valve stem. Only a very small thrust is needed to close the auxiliary valve core 4 to achieve complete sealing.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] It will be understood that the terms “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only intended to facilitate the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the components or mechanisms referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] The above specific implementation methods further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only preferred implementation methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bypass valve, comprising a valve body, characterized in that: The middle part of the valve body is provided with a valve cavity which passes through in the axial direction, the upper part of the side wall of the valve body is provided with an injection port which communicates with the valve cavity, the position of the valve cavity corresponding to the injection port is provided with a flow equalizing cover (19), the bottom of the flow equalizing cover (19) is provided with a valve seat (2), the top of the flow equalizing cover (19) is provided with a valve cover (3), and the valve cover (3) passes through the valve cavity at one end away from the flow equalizing cover (19); A valve cage assembly (6) is provided at the bottom of the valve seat (2); the flow balancing cover (19) and the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly (6) form a columnar channel and are adapted to be provided with a reciprocatingly slidable valve core assembly; a sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the valve cage assembly (6); and an atomizing assembly (9) is provided at a position of the sieve plate corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly (6); The valve cage assembly (6) includes a plurality of cage plates nested in an orderly manner, each cage plate is cylindrical with two ends open, and a plurality of cage holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of each cage plate. The cage holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The valve cage assembly (6) is provided with four levels of valve cages, which are, from inside to outside, a first-level valve cage (61), a second-level valve cage (62), a third-level valve cage (63), and a fourth-level valve cage (64); the first-level valve cage (61) is mainly composed of a first-level cage plate (611), a first-level cage hole (613) is provided on the first-level cage plate (611), and a first-level annular cavity (612) is provided at a position corresponding to the first-level cage hole (613) on the outer wall of the first-level cage plate (611); the second-level valve cage (62) is mainly composed of a second-level cage plate (621), a second-level cage hole (623) is provided on the second-level cage plate (621), and a second-level annular cavity (622) is provided at a position corresponding to the second-level cage hole (623) on the outer wall of the second-level cage plate (621); the third-level valve cage (63) is mainly composed of a third-level cage plate (631). , a three-stage cage plate (631) is provided with a three-stage cage hole (633), and a three-stage annular cavity (632) is provided at a position of the outer wall of the three-stage cage plate (631) corresponding to the three-stage cage hole (633); the four-stage valve cage (64) is mainly composed of a four-stage cage plate (641), and a four-stage cage hole (643) is provided on the four-stage cage plate (641); the first-stage cage hole (613), the second-stage cage hole (623), the third-stage cage hole (633), and the fourth-stage cage hole (643) are staggered; a valve stem is provided on the top of the valve core assembly, and the valve stem passes through the valve cover (3) at one end away from the valve core assembly and extends to the valve body; a first sealing assembly (7) is provided between the outer wall of the valve cover (3) and the inner wall of the valve body, and a second sealing assembly (8) is provided between the inner wall of the valve cover (3) and the valve stem; The valve core assembly includes a main valve core (5) adapted to the inner wall of the valve cage assembly (6) and / or the inner wall of the flow equalizing cover (19), a plurality of main valve holes (52) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the lower outer wall of the main valve core (5), the main valve holes (52) include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, a pressure equalizing hole (56) is provided in the middle of the main valve core (5), a cylindrical cavity is provided at the top of the pressure equalizing hole (56), an auxiliary valve core (4) is provided in the cylindrical cavity, the auxiliary valve core (4) includes a stepped shaft-shaped auxiliary core body (41) with a large diameter in the middle and small diameters at both ends, a spring (48) is provided on the outer side surface of the lower end of the auxiliary core body (41), and the elasticity of the spring (48) can realize the auxiliary valve core (4) rising or falling before the main valve core (5); The atomizing assembly (9) includes a cooling channel (91) extending radially along the sieve plate and passing through the side wall of the valve body. The sieve plate is provided with a detachably connected atomizing nozzle (92) at a position corresponding to the lower end of the middle channel of the valve cage assembly (6). The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle (92) is reduced in diameter at a position corresponding to the cooling channel (91) to form a cooling ring cavity (93). A plurality of cooling nozzles (94) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the side wall of the cooling ring cavity (93); The outer periphery of the atomizing nozzle (92) is provided with a plurality of high-temperature channels (95) evenly distributed around the circumference, the lower end of each high-temperature channel (95) faces the outer side wall of the atomizing nozzle (92), the atomizing nozzle (92) is provided with a high-temperature nozzle (96) at a position corresponding to the high-temperature channel (95), the upper part of the outer side wall of the atomizing nozzle (92) is provided with a retaining ring (97), and the retaining ring (97) is provided with a through hole at a position corresponding to the high-temperature nozzle (96); the high-temperature nozzle (96) is located on the side of the cooling nozzle (94) away from the valve cage assembly (6).

2. A bypass valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow balancing cover (19) comprises a cylindrical cover body with openings at both ends, and a plurality of flow balancing holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the lower portion of the side wall of the cover body, wherein the flow balancing holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; an external boss is provided at the top of the outer side wall of the cover body, and a plurality of connection holes for fixing to the valve cover (3) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the external boss.

3. A bypass valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inner boss is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the cover body, a bushing is provided on the top surface of the inner boss, the outer wall of the bushing is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the cover body, and the inner wall of the bushing is adapted to the valve core assembly.

4. A bypass valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve cage assembly (6) comprises a plurality of cage rings nested in an orderly manner, each of the cage rings is cylindrical with both ends open, and a plurality of cage holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the side wall of each cage ring, wherein the cage holes include multiple layers evenly distributed along the axial direction and multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

5. A bypass valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner cage plate is provided with a circumferentially extending annular groove, each of the cage holes is located at the bottom of the annular groove, and the notch of the annular groove fits with the inner wall of the adjacent cage plate to form a circumferentially extending flow-equalizing annular cavity.

6. A bypass valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall top of each cage ring located on the inner side is provided with a convex edge, and the cage ring located on the outer side is provided with an adaptive recessed ring at the position corresponding to the convex edge. The outer wall top of the outermost cage ring is provided with a flange (645), and the top of the flange (645) is provided with a concave cavity adapted to the valve seat (2).

7. The bypass valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing assembly (7) includes a first sealing filler (71) located between the upper opening of the valve body and the outer wall of the valve cover (3), a petal pressing ring (72) is provided on the top of the first sealing filler (71), the outer edge of the petal pressing ring (72) extends into a clamping ring cavity provided on the inner wall of the valve body, a support ring (73) is provided on the inner edge of the petal pressing ring (72), the lower outer wall of the support ring (73) is adapted to the inner wall of the petal pressing ring (72), the upper outer wall of the support ring (73) is adapted to the inner wall of the valve body, the inner wall of the support ring (73) is adapted to the valve cover (3), and a plurality of first pressing bolts (74) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the end face of the support ring (73).

8. The bypass valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sealing assembly (8) includes a second sealing filler (81) located between the valve stem and the inner wall of the valve cover (3), a pressing ring (82) is provided on the top of the second sealing filler (81), a pressing plate (83) is provided on the top of the pressing ring (82), and the pressing plate (83) is connected to the valve cover (3) through a plurality of second pressing bolts (84).

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