Fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of superhard material production. A fully automatic hot pressing and sintering complete set of equipment and method, including a working trolley, a furnace, and a forming track, a return track and two docking tracks arranged in a closed loop, the two docking tracks are respectively arranged at the two ends of the forming track and the return track; each docking track is provided with a docking trolley; the docking trolley is provided with a vehicle-carrying track; the forming track includes an inter-furnace track and a guide plate track; a hot pressing and sintering furnace and a cooling and pressurizing furnace are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the two guide plate tracks along the direction of travel of the working trolley, and a furnace lifting device is arranged on the upper part of the docking track corresponding to the front end of the forming track. The structural design of the present application is reasonable, which helps to realize automatic cyclic operation, reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve the quality of the working environment, and effectively ensure the hot pressing and sintering quality of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of superhard material production, and in particular relates to a full-automatic hot pressing sintering complete set of equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] Hot pressing and sintering equipment is suitable for the manufacture of diamond saw blades, diamond grinding wheels, other diamond tools and superhard material products. At present, there are separate hot pressing and sintering furnace equipment, but due to its low degree of mechanization and automation, it is often impossible to realize the automation of a series of processes such as loading, sintering, cooling, and unloading. It often requires workers to spend a lot of time and labor to operate, which not only has low production efficiency, but also cannot effectively improve the control of product quality, and cannot effectively optimize the turnover of workpieces, making it impossible to further improve the overall production efficiency and production process.

[0003] In the process of automated hot pressing and sintering, it is necessary to carry out corresponding structural design according to the characteristics of different processes, and it is necessary to fully consider the detection of process parameters and the detection of travel position. In order to ensure the sintering quality during the hot pressing and sintering process, pressure sintering is required, and temperature detection and gas protection are required for the sintered workpiece. There are often major technical defects in traditional operations, which make it impossible to directly apply to automated operations. In the existing technology, automated control cannot be performed during the lifting and assembly process of the furnace, and manual operation is often used, resulting in problems such as high labor intensity, low production efficiency, and inaccurate assembly positioning.

[0004] In the design of the circulating transmission system, the existing technology is unable to provide effective technical support for different links, resulting in structural interference in the conversion of workpieces between different processes, and the coordination of workpieces with corresponding sintering equipment or lifting equipment in the corresponding processes, which cannot meet the automation operation of the entire system.

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned structural and process deficiencies, it is necessary to design the structure of each component according to the requirements of a fully automated hot pressing and sintering equipment set. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic hot pressing and sintering complete set of equipment and method in view of the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings. Its structural design is reasonable, which helps to achieve automatic cycle operation, reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve the quality of the working environment, and effectively ensure the hot pressing and sintering quality of products.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted is:

[0008] A fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment set, comprising a working trolley, a furnace, and a forming track, a return track and two connecting tracks arranged in a closed loop, wherein the two connecting tracks are arranged at the two ends of the forming track and the return track respectively; each connecting track is provided with a connecting trolley;

[0009] The docking trolley is provided with a vehicle-carrying track, a docking driving unit is provided between the docking trolley and the docking track, and the docking trolley is provided with a first driving unit for driving the working trolley to move on the vehicle-carrying track;

[0010] The forming track includes an inter-furnace track and a guide plate track. The three sections of the inter-furnace track are arranged at intervals. A guide plate track is provided between two adjacent inter-furnace tracks. The inter-furnace track and the guide plate track are arranged in alignment. The inter-furnace track and the return track are both provided with a second driving part for driving the working trolley to move forward.

[0011] A hot pressing sintering furnace and a cooling pressurizing furnace are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the two guide plate tracks along the travel direction of the working trolley, a guide plate and a base are arranged on the lower part of the guide plate track, corresponding guide sleeves and guide columns are arranged between the guide plate and the base, and a lifting drive part is also arranged between the guide plate and the base;

[0012] A furnace lifting device is arranged on the upper part of the connecting track corresponding to the front end of the forming track, and the furnace lifting device includes a lifting column, a beam and a clamp unit. The beam is arranged on the upper part of the lifting column; the clamp unit is arranged on the lower part of the beam, and a lifting drive unit is arranged between the beam and the clamp unit.

[0013] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, a transmission rack and a walking roller are arranged at the lower part of the working trolley, and the first driving part and the second driving part both include:

[0014] a drive motor; and

[0015] The driving gear is arranged on the inner side or the outer side of the corresponding track through the support seat. The driving motor drives the driving gear to move, and the driving gear is meshed and transmitted with the transmission rack at the bottom of the working trolley.

[0016] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, the first driving part comprises two sets of driving gears, the two sets of driving gears are respectively arranged at two ends of the vehicle-carrying track, and a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain is arranged between the two sets of driving gears;

[0017] The second driving part on the return track includes a plurality of groups of driving gears arranged at equal intervals, and each group of driving gears is synchronously connected through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain;

[0018] A group of first driving gears and a group of second driving gears are respectively arranged at both ends of the inter-furnace track located in the middle, and at least one group of driving gears is arranged on the inter-furnace tracks located at both ends; the first driving gear is synchronously connected with the driving gear on the adjacent inter-furnace track located at the end through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain, and the second driving gear is synchronously connected with the driving gear on the adjacent inter-furnace track located at the end through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain.

[0019] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, the working trolley comprises:

[0020] A platform plate, wherein the travel roller and the transmission rack are arranged at the lower part of the platform plate;

[0021] A sand seal ring, which is arranged on the platform; and

[0022] A refractory pressure head is arranged in the middle of the sand sealing ring, and the refractory pressure head support is arranged on the platform plate. A positioning hole corresponding to the refractory pressure head is also arranged on the platform plate. A sealing filler is filled between the sand sealing ring and the pressure head.

[0023] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, the refractory pressure head comprises a first pressure head located at the bottom and at least one second pressure head, the lower part of the first pressure head is provided with a limiting boss corresponding to the positioning hole, and the second pressure head is overlapped with the first pressure head and connected and fixed by a screw;

[0024] It also includes an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a thermocouple, which are all arranged in the sand sealing ring. A protective gas inlet plug and a thermocouple plug are arranged on the side of the sand sealing ring, and the air outlet pipe is led out through a vehicle platform or a sand sealing ring.

[0025] According to the fully automatic hot pressing and sintering equipment set of the present invention, preferably, the forming tracks are at least two groups, the return tracks are at least one group, and each of the forming tracks and the return tracks is correspondingly arranged between the two connecting tracks.

[0026] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, it also includes at least one set of loading and unloading station tracks, and the loading and unloading station tracks are arranged on the side of the connecting track; when loading or unloading, the loading and unloading station tracks are arranged in alignment with the vehicle carrier track.

[0027] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, the fixture unit comprises:

[0028] A frame, wherein a plurality of guide holes are provided on the frame, and the action end of the lifting drive unit is connected to the frame;

[0029] A four-bar linkage with a diamond-shaped structure;

[0030] A first guide rod is disposed at each end corner of the four-bar linkage, and the first guide rod is matched and disposed in the corresponding guide hole; and

[0031] A clamping driving part, wherein the clamping driving part is arranged on the frame, and a driving end of the clamping driving part is connected to one of the first guide rods;

[0032] The four-bar linkage comprises:

[0033] Clamping plates, the clamping plates being in groups of four; and

[0034] A pivoting platform is provided between two adjacent clamping plates, and the end of the clamping plate is connected to the pivoting platform through a rotating shaft; the first guide rod is provided on the pivoting platform;

[0035] The clamping plate is provided with a clamping groove, an anti-skid pad or an anti-skid surface.

[0036] According to the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment of the present invention, preferably, it also includes an anti-falling unit, a position detection sensor and a control system, the position detection sensor is used to detect the positions of the working trolley and the docking trolley, and the control system controls the actions of each component;

[0037] The anti-falling unit comprises a safety hook pivotally arranged on the crossbeam, a hook ring arranged on the clamp unit and a power push rod driving the safety hook to move; or

[0038] The anti-falling unit comprises a limit platform arranged on the crossbeam, a limit block arranged on the clamp unit and a power push rod driving the limit block to move; when preventing falling, the limit block extends out and is arranged on the upper part of the limit platform.

[0039] A fully automatic hot pressing sintering method, using the above-mentioned fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment to carry out the sintering operation of superhard materials, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0040] According to the performance characteristics of the corresponding superhard materials, the process parameters of the hot pressing sintering furnace and the cooling and pressing furnace are set;

[0041] At the loading and unloading station, the workpiece to be sintered is placed on the work trolley;

[0042] The working trolley is driven to run to the lower part of the furnace lifting device via the connecting trolley, and the furnace lifting device seals and places the furnace on the working trolley, and fills the furnace with protective gas;

[0043] Drive the working trolley to the guide plate track at the bottom of the hot pressing and sintering furnace, drive the guide plate and the working trolley to rise through the corresponding lifting drive unit, and complete the assembly with the hot pressing and sintering furnace, and start the hot pressing and sintering furnace;

[0044] After the hot pressing sintering furnace is finished sintering, the lifting driving unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to descend to the position, and the second driving unit drives the working trolley to the guide plate track at the bottom of the cooling and pressurizing furnace, and the corresponding lifting driving unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to rise, and completes the assembly with the cooling and pressurizing furnace, and starts the cooling and pressurizing furnace;

[0045] After the cooling of the cooling pressurized furnace is completed, the lifting drive unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to descend to their positions, and the second drive unit drives the working trolley to return to the lower part of the furnace lifting device through the connecting track and the return track, and the furnace lifting device clamps the furnace and lifts it away from the working trolley;

[0046] Drive the working trolley to the loading and unloading station to complete the unloading operation of the sintered workpiece.

[0047] The beneficial effects achieved by adopting the above technical solution are:

[0048] The overall structural design of this application is reasonable, which helps to achieve automated cyclic operation, reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve the quality of the working environment, and effectively ensure the hot pressing and sintering quality of the product. The slope heating and insulation can be achieved according to the user's process requirements.

[0049] The design of the circulating track system of the present application can utilize the servo system to realize the automatic circulation of the working trolley, reduce the intensity of manual labor, and improve the labor experience on high-temperature sites. Through the design of the walking rollers and transmission racks on the working trolley, as well as the design of the driving gears on the track, precise control of the walking displacement is achieved. In conjunction with the displacement detection sensor, the entire set of equipment can be automatically operated.

[0050] The circulating track of the present application can be designed in parallel, so that multiple sintering equipment can share part of the track, which is more convenient to reduce the occupied area, make full use of the circulating operation characteristics of the track, optimize the layout structure of the entire equipment, and improve the rationality and superiority of its structural layout.

[0051] The design of the guide plate track of the present application can, on the one hand, cooperate with the circulating track to realize closed-loop track circulation, and on the other hand, can cooperate with the corresponding hot pressing sintering furnace or cooling pressurizing furnace, which helps to realize the circulating transmission of the working trolley, the positioning of the working trolley and the furnace body, and the assembly of the working trolley and the furnace body, thereby ensuring the automation of the entire operation process.

[0052] This application, through the setting of the furnace lifting device, can cooperate with the hot pressing sintering furnace to achieve independent temperature control of the upper, middle and lower zones, and detect and monitor the temperature at different positions. The furnace temperature has good uniformity and the insulation control accuracy reaches ±2°C; the setting of the sand seal ring and refractory pressure head of this application can ensure the stability and high adjustability of the overall structure, which is convenient for sintering and forming of different product materials. This application can replace the gas in the furnace by arranging the air inlet and outlet pipes, so that the furnace is filled with protective gas, improving the sintering quality and the sealing of the entire structure. The servo pressure control of this application can keep pace with the temperature to achieve pressure increase, pressure maintenance and pressure reduction. The pressure range is wide, the hydraulic oil temperature rises slowly, the pressure control is stable, and energy saving and electricity saving are achieved. This application realizes the automation of the grabbing and installation of the furnace on the work trolley, so that the automation of the entire sintering process can be realized.

[0053] The control system of the present application adopts a control structure of PLC+touch screen. The color touch screen displays the process curve and control process in real time. At the same time, it can realize communication connection with the host computer and match intelligent robots and intelligent warehouse systems, etc.; the present application realizes automatic control of the route and process through temperature detection and position detection. According to different product materials, the corresponding process steps can be written to realize automated operation. The present application can operate continuously, greatly improving production efficiency and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, wherein the drawings are only used to illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit all embodiments of the present invention thereto.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of a fully automatic hot pressing and sintering equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of a fully automatic hot pressing and sintering equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a circulating track system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a docking track according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the furnace rail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 6 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the furnace track according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above.

[0062] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure in the AA direction.

[0063] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a furnace lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of a four-bar linkage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of a furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a safety hook and a hook ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Fig.13 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Fig.14 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Fig.15 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of a working trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure in the middle BB direction.

[0071] Fig.17 for Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure in the CC direction.

[0072] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the structure of a working trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention from a top view.

[0074] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hot pressing sintering furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Fig.21 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling and pressurizing furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Serial number in the picture:

[0077] 110 is a docking track, 101 is a docking trolley, 102 is a docking drive unit, 103 is a vehicle-carrying track, 104 is a first drive unit, 1041 is a drive motor, 1042 is a drive gear, 120 is a return track, 130 is a furnace track, 131 is a first drive gear, 132 is a second drive gear, 133 is a synchronous belt, 140 is a guide plate track, 141 is a guide plate, 142 is a base, 143 is a guide sleeve, 144 is a guide column, 145 is a lifting drive unit, and 150 is a loading and unloading station track;

[0078] 200 is a working trolley, 201 is a walking roller, 202 is a transmission rack, 203 is a car plate, 204 is a sand sealing ring, 205 is a positioning hole, 206 is a first pressure head, 207 is a second pressure head, 208 is a limiting boss, 209 is a screw, 210 is an air inlet pipe, 211 is an air outlet pipe, 212 is a thermocouple, 213 is a protective gas inlet plug, 214 is a thermocouple plug, 215 is a gas collecting pipe, 216 is an air outlet, 217 is a control valve, 218 is a quick connector, 219 is an assembly cover, 220 is a cap, 221 is a compression spring, 222 is an assembly ear plate, 223 is a drag chain fixing plate, 224 is a drag chain fixing block, 225 is a tension spring, and 226 is a lifting ring;

[0079] 300 is a furnace lifting device, 301 is a lifting column, 302 is a crossbeam, 303 is a lifting drive unit, 304 is a frame, 305 is a clamping plate, 306 is a pivoting platform, 307 is a clamping groove, 308 is a first guide rod, 309 is a guide hole, 310 is a second guide rod, 311 is a safety hook, 312 is a hook ring, 313 is a limit platform, 314 is a limit block, and 315 is a clamping drive unit;

[0080] 400 is a hot pressing sintering furnace, and 401 is a sintering furnace body;

[0081] 500 is a cooling and pressurizing furnace, and 501 is a water cooling cover;

[0082] 600 is the furnace core, 601 is the clamping ring;

[0083] 710 is the hydraulic station and 720 is the electric control cabinet;

[0084] 800 is the workpiece to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings of specific embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the exemplary scheme of the embodiment of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be the common meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field.

[0086] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the expressions “first” and “second” are used to describe the various elements of the present invention and do not represent any limitation of order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish one component from another.

[0087] It should be noted that when one element is “connected”, “coupled” or “connected” to another element, it may mean that they are directly connected, coupled or connected, but it should be understood that there may be intermediate elements between the two; that is, the positional relationships of direct connection and indirect connection are covered.

[0088] It should be noted that the use of "a" or "an" and similar words does not necessarily indicate a quantitative limitation. "Include" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects.

[0089] It should be noted that terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" indicating orientation or positional relationship are only used to indicate relative positional relationship. This is for the convenience of describing the present invention and does not mean that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0090] See also Figure 1-Figure 21 The present application discloses a fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment, including a working trolley 200, a furnace 600, and a forming track, a return track 120 and two docking tracks 110 arranged in a closed loop, the two docking tracks 110 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the forming track and the return track 120; each docking track 110 is provided with a docking trolley 101; the docking trolley 101 is provided with a vehicle-carrying track 103, a docking drive unit 102 is provided between the docking trolley 101 and the docking track 110, and the docking trolley 101 is provided with a first drive unit 104 that drives the working trolley 200 to move on the vehicle-carrying track 103.

[0091] The working trolley 200 in this embodiment includes a vehicle platform 203, a sand sealing ring 204 and a refractory pressure head. A transmission rack 202 and a walking roller 201 are arranged at the lower part of the working trolley 200; the sand sealing ring 204 is arranged on the vehicle platform 203; the refractory pressure head is arranged in the middle of the sand sealing ring 204, and the refractory pressure head support is arranged on the vehicle platform 203, and a positioning hole 205 corresponding to the refractory pressure head is also arranged on the vehicle platform 203. A sealing filler is filled between the sand sealing ring 204 and the refractory pressure head. The sealing filler in this embodiment is sand. During the assembly of the furnace core, the lower part of the furnace core is inserted into the sand and the sealing is completed by the sand.

[0092] The refractory pressure head includes a first pressure head 206 located at the bottom and at least one second pressure head 207. The lower part of the first pressure head 206 is provided with a limiting boss 208 corresponding to the positioning hole. The second pressure head 207 is overlapped with the first pressure head 206 and connected and fixed by a screw 209. The height can be adjusted by configuring different numbers of second pressure heads. In order to facilitate the gas replacement in the furnace after the furnace is assembled, so as to protect the workpiece during the hot pressing and sintering process by protective gas, the present application is also provided with an air inlet pipe 210 and an air outlet pipe 211. In order to measure the temperature at different positions, In order to detect temperature changes in real time, the present application is also provided with a thermocouple 212. The air inlet pipe 210, the air outlet pipe 211 and the thermocouple 212 are all arranged in the sand sealing ring 204, and can be arranged in contact with the side wall of the refractory pressure head. There are multiple thermocouples, as shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the number is three, and the three thermocouples respectively detect the temperature at different heights; the side of the sand sealing ring 204 is provided with a protective gas inlet plug 213 and a thermocouple plug 214, so that it is easier to connect the data cable and the air inlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe 211 is led out through the vehicle platform 203 or the sand sealing ring 204.

[0093] This embodiment further optimizes the specific structure of the air inlet and outlet pipes. As shown in the figure, the air outlet pipe 211 passes through the platform 203. A gas collecting pipe 215 is provided at the bottom of the platform 203. The air outlet pipe 211 is connected to the gas collecting pipe 215. An air outlet 216 is provided at the outer end of the gas collecting pipe 215. A control valve 217 and a quick connector 218 are provided at the air outlet 216. An assembly cover 219 is provided on the side wall of the gas collecting pipe 215 corresponding to the air outlet pipe 211. The air outlet pipe 211 is connected to the platform 203 by threads. The top of the air inlet pipe 210 and the air outlet pipe 211 are both provided with a cap 220. Air holes are provided on the top side walls of the air inlet pipe 210 and the air outlet pipe 211, so that air can enter and exit from the side. The specific detailed structure can be further refined according to needs to ensure the working stability of the entire structure.

[0094] Regarding the assembly structure of the transmission rack, in this embodiment, an assembly ear plate 222 is provided at the lower part of the platform plate, and the assembly ear plate 222 is equipped with a strip hole, and the transmission rack 202 is assembled on the strip hole. A compression spring 221 is provided between the upper part of the transmission rack 202 and the platform plate 203, that is, the transmission rack can float up and down in the strip hole during the force process, thereby avoiding jamming during the transfer process between the rails, which greatly improves the stability of the transmission of the entire system.

[0095] Furthermore, the present application provides a tow chain fixing plate 223, a tow chain fixing block 224 and a tension spring 225 at both the front and rear ends of the vehicle platform 203, and a plurality of lifting rings 226 are arranged on the vehicle platform.

[0096] The forming track in this embodiment includes an inter-furnace track 130 and a guide plate track 140. The three sections of the inter-furnace track 130 are arranged at intervals. A guide plate track 140 is provided between two adjacent inter-furnace tracks 130. The inter-furnace track 130 and the guide plate track 140 are arranged in alignment; the inter-furnace track 130 and the return track 120 are both provided with a second driving part for driving the working trolley to move forward.

[0097] The first driving unit and the second driving unit both include a driving motor 1041 and a driving gear 1042, which are arranged on the inner or outer side of the corresponding track through a support seat. The driving motor 1041 drives the driving gear 1042 to move, and the driving gear 1042 is meshed and transmitted with the transmission rack 202 at the lower part of the working trolley 200.

[0098] Furthermore, the first driving unit 104 includes two groups of driving gears 1042, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the vehicle carrier track 103, and a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain is arranged between the two groups of driving gears 1042; the second driving unit on the return track 120 includes a plurality of groups of driving gears 104 arranged at equal intervals, and each group of driving gears 1042 is synchronously connected by a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain; a group of first driving gears 131 and a group of second driving gears 132 are respectively arranged at both ends of the furnace track 130 located in the middle, and at least one group of driving gears 1042 is arranged on the furnace track 130 located at both ends; the first driving gear 131 is synchronously connected to the driving gear 1042 on the adjacent furnace track 130 located at the end through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain, and the second driving gear 132 is synchronously connected to the driving gear 1042 on the adjacent furnace track 130 located at the end through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain. The specific arrangement is shown in the figure, which makes it easier to perform overall synchronous movements and segmented transmission movements between different processes, thereby ensuring the continuity of the processes and the conversion of transmission structures between processes.

[0099] Furthermore, the present application includes at least two groups of forming rails and at least one group of return rails 120. Each forming rail and return rail 120 is correspondingly arranged between two connecting rails 110. As shown in the figure, two groups of forming rails share one group of return rails and share the connecting rails.

[0100] In order to facilitate the operation of the loading and unloading station, at least one set of loading and unloading station tracks 150 can be set, and the loading and unloading station tracks 150 are set on the side of the docking track 110; when loading or unloading, the loading and unloading station tracks 150 are set in alignment with the vehicle track 103. In special cases, a part of the docking track can be used as the loading and unloading station track. When there are multiple sets of forming tracks in parallel, a loading and unloading station track can be shared, or loading and unloading station tracks can be set separately. Since the loading and unloading station track is set, the number of drive gears arranged on the docking trolleys on different docking tracks will be different. Whether a separate drive motor needs to be set on the corresponding docking trolley can be determined according to the situation. For example, in the present application, the docking trolley on the docking track corresponding to the loading and unloading station is provided with a drive motor and two sets of drive gears, and the docking trolley on another docking track is only provided with a drive motor and a set of drive gears.

[0101] A hot pressing sintering furnace 400 and a cooling pressurizing furnace 500 are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the two guide plate rails 140 along the moving direction of the working trolley 200, and a guide plate 141 and a base 142 are arranged at the lower part of the guide plate rails 140. Corresponding guide sleeves 143 and guide columns 144 are arranged between the guide plate 141 and the base 142, and a lifting drive part 145 is also arranged between the guide plate 141 and the base 142.

[0102] A furnace core lifting device 300 is arranged on the upper part of the connecting track 110 corresponding to the front end of the forming track of this embodiment. The furnace core lifting device 300 includes a lifting column 301, a beam 302 and a clamp unit. The beam 302 is arranged on the upper part of the lifting column 301; the clamp unit is arranged at the lower part of the beam 302, and a lifting drive unit 303 is arranged between the beam 302 and the clamp unit. The clamp unit is used to clamp the furnace core, and the clamp unit is driven to rise and fall by the lifting drive unit, so as to realize the assembly of the furnace core and the working trolley. Since the furnace core of this application is inserted into the sand in the working trolley, the positioning and up and down movement of the furnace core are required. During the assembly process, the position and insertion depth can be effectively and accurately controlled to ensure the assembly quality.

[0103] Specifically, the clamping unit in the present application includes a frame 304, a four-bar linkage with a diamond structure, a first guide rod 308 arranged at each end corner of the four-bar linkage, and a clamping drive unit 315. The frame 304 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 309, and the action end of the lifting drive unit 303 is connected to the frame 304; the first guide rod 308 is matched and arranged in the corresponding guide hole 309; the clamping drive unit 315 is arranged on the frame 304, and the driving end of the clamping drive unit 315 is connected to one of the first guide rods 308; the four-bar linkage includes a clamping plate 305 and a pivot platform 306, and the clamping plates 305 are four groups; a pivot platform 306 is arranged between each adjacent clamping plate 305, and the end of the clamping plate 305 is connected to the pivot platform 306 through a rotating shaft; the first guide rod 308 is arranged on the pivot platform 306; the clamping plate 305 is provided with a clamping groove 307, an anti-slip pad or an anti-slip surface. Since the furnace is round and a clamping ring is provided at the lower part of the outer wall of the furnace, the present application preferably provides a clamping groove on the clamping plate. By aligning the clamping groove with the clamping ring, it is easier to achieve precise control of the position and to apply force downward.

[0104] In order to further improve the safety protection performance and the automation performance of the entire equipment, the present application is also provided with an anti-fall unit, a position detection sensor and a control system. The position detection sensor is used to detect the position of the working trolley and the docking trolley, and the control system controls the action of each component. The anti-fall unit is mainly used to prevent falling during the lifting and lowering process of the furnace.

[0105] Specifically, the anti-fall unit includes a safety hook 311 pivotally arranged on the beam, a hook ring 312 arranged on the clamp unit and a power push rod for driving the safety hook 311 to move. The power push rod drives the safety hook to move, thereby realizing the hooking and disengagement of the safety hook and the hook ring. In actual circumstances, there is no direct contact between the safety hook and the hook ring when they are hooked, and only when a fall occurs will they come into direct contact to prevent further falling. In addition to the above structure, the anti-fall unit can also be set to the following structure, specifically including a limit platform 313 arranged on the beam 302, a limit block 314 arranged on the clamp unit and a power push rod for driving the limit block 314 to move. When preventing falling, the limit block 314 extends out and is set on the upper part of the limit platform 313.

[0106] The hot pressing sintering furnace of the present application is the main component of the complete set of equipment and the main place for hot pressing sintering of workpieces. The overall frame adopts a three-beam four-column hydraulic press structure, which has the advantages of solid structure, stable guidance, and easy adjustment.

[0107] The working trolley enters the sintering furnace through the guide plate track. The lifting drive unit pushes the guide plate upward to push the trolley and the furnace into the sintering furnace body 401 for hot pressing sintering. The lifting drive unit is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The furnace body is a cylindrical structure, heated by a high-temperature electric belt, and the temperature is measured and controlled by an intelligent PID controller. The thyristor (SCR) adjusts the heating power. The temperature measurement and heating are carried out independently in three zones (upper, middle and lower). The pressure measurement uses a strain gauge pressure sensor to achieve pressure closed-loop control with the servo hydraulic system.

[0108] The cooling and pressurizing furnace of the present application is used for pressurizing, cooling and shaping workpieces after hot pressing and sintering. It has a three-beam four-column hydraulic press structure like the hot pressing and sintering furnace.

[0109] After the work carriage comes out of the hot pressing sintering furnace, it enters the cooling and pressurizing furnace through the corresponding guide plate track. The lifting drive unit pushes the guide plate upward to push the work carriage and the furnace into the water cooling cover 501 for pressurized cooling. The cooling and pressurizing furnace and the hot pressing sintering furnace also use the servo hydraulic system to control the pressure, and the pressure can be controlled according to the set pressure curve.

[0110] For the hot pressing and sintering furnace and the cooling and pressurizing furnace, other structures in the prior art may be adopted as long as they can be adapted to the fully automated hot pressing and sintering system of the present application.

[0111] The lifting drive unit in the present application adopts a hydraulic cylinder, and the clamping drive unit can adopt a hydraulic cylinder or a screw nut transmission structure, so that through the action of the servo motor, the screw is connected to the driving end of the servo motor, and a thread hole is set in the middle of the first guide rod to achieve transmission coordination; the lifting drive unit can also adopt a hydraulic cylinder, but the embodiment drawings of the present application show that a screw nut transmission structure is adopted, which is controlled by a servo motor. Specifically, the lifting drive unit includes a guide sleeve 143, a second guide rod 310 and a lifting mechanism, and the guide sleeve 143 is arranged on the crossbeam; the second guide rod 310 is arranged on the clamp unit, and the second guide rod is matched and slidably matched with the guide sleeve; the lifting mechanism includes a servo motor and a screw nut structure.

[0112] The present application is equipped with a hydraulic station and an electric control cabinet to provide power for each component and control each component. The connecting drive unit can be driven by a gear rack mechanism or a screw nut structure, or other linear transmission mechanisms can be used for driving action.

[0113] The present application also discloses a fully automatic hot pressing sintering method, which utilizes the above-mentioned fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment to perform the sintering operation of superhard materials, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0114] According to the performance characteristics of the corresponding superhard materials, the process parameters of the hot pressing sintering furnace and the cooling and pressing furnace are set;

[0115] At the loading and unloading station, the workpiece to be sintered is placed on the work trolley;

[0116] The working trolley is driven to run to the lower part of the furnace lifting device via the connecting trolley, and the furnace lifting device seals and places the furnace on the working trolley, and fills the furnace with protective gas;

[0117] Drive the working trolley to the guide plate track at the bottom of the hot pressing and sintering furnace, drive the guide plate and the working trolley to rise through the corresponding lifting drive unit, and complete the assembly with the hot pressing and sintering furnace, and start the hot pressing and sintering furnace;

[0118] After the hot pressing sintering furnace is finished sintering, the lifting driving unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to descend to the position, and the second driving unit drives the working trolley to the guide plate track at the bottom of the cooling and pressurizing furnace, and the corresponding lifting driving unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to rise, and completes the assembly with the cooling and pressurizing furnace, and starts the cooling and pressurizing furnace;

[0119] After the cooling of the cooling pressurized furnace is completed, the lifting drive unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to descend to their positions, and the second drive unit drives the working trolley to return to the lower part of the furnace lifting device through the connecting track and the return track, and the furnace lifting device clamps the furnace and lifts it away from the working trolley;

[0120] Drive the working trolley to the loading and unloading station to complete the unloading operation of the sintered workpiece.

[0121] In the above process steps, after the first workpiece to be sintered is sent out of the hot pressing sintering furnace, the next workpiece to be sintered can immediately enter for sintering, thereby achieving continuous operation.

[0122] The preferred embodiments for implementing the present invention have been described in detail above, but it should be understood that the role of these embodiments is only to exemplify, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability or configuration of the present invention in any way. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. A person of ordinary skill in the art can make many changes to the above embodiments under the guidance of the present invention, and these changes all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment, characterized in that: It includes a working trolley, a furnace, and a forming track, a return track and two connecting tracks arranged in a closed loop. The two connecting tracks are respectively arranged at the two ends of the forming track and the return track; each connecting track is provided with a connecting trolley; The docking trolley is provided with a vehicle-carrying track, a docking driving unit is provided between the docking trolley and the docking track, and the docking trolley is provided with a first driving unit for driving the working trolley to move on the vehicle-carrying track; The forming track includes an inter-furnace track and a guide plate track. The three sections of the inter-furnace track are arranged at intervals. A guide plate track is provided between two adjacent inter-furnace tracks. The inter-furnace track and the guide plate track are arranged in alignment. The inter-furnace track and the return track are both provided with a second driving part for driving the working trolley to move forward. A hot pressing sintering furnace and a cooling pressurizing furnace are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the two guide plate tracks along the travel direction of the working trolley, a guide plate and a base are arranged on the lower part of the guide plate track, corresponding guide sleeves and guide columns are arranged between the guide plate and the base, and a lifting drive part is also arranged between the guide plate and the base; A furnace lifting device is arranged on the upper part of the connecting track corresponding to the front end of the forming track, and the furnace lifting device comprises a lifting column, a crossbeam and a clamp unit, wherein the crossbeam is arranged on the upper part of the lifting column; the clamp unit is arranged on the lower part of the crossbeam, and a lifting drive unit is arranged between the crossbeam and the clamp unit; The fixture unit comprises: A frame, wherein a plurality of guide holes are provided on the frame, and the action end of the lifting drive unit is connected to the frame; A four-bar linkage with a diamond-shaped structure; A first guide rod is disposed at each end corner of the four-bar linkage, and the first guide rod is matched and disposed in the corresponding guide hole; and A clamping driving part, wherein the clamping driving part is arranged on the frame, and a driving end of the clamping driving part is connected to one of the first guide rods; The four-bar linkage comprises: Clamping plates, the clamping plates being in groups of four; and A pivoting platform is provided between two adjacent clamping plates, and the end of the clamping plate is connected to the pivoting platform through a rotating shaft; the first guide rod is provided on the pivoting platform; The clamping plate is provided with a clamping groove, an anti-skid pad or an anti-skid surface.

2. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower part of the working trolley is provided with a transmission rack and a walking roller, and the first driving part and the second driving part both include: a drive motor; and The driving gear is arranged on the inner side or the outer side of the corresponding track through the support seat. The driving motor drives the driving gear to move, and the driving gear is meshed and transmitted with the transmission rack at the bottom of the working trolley.

3. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first driving part comprises two sets of driving gears, which are respectively arranged at two ends of the vehicle-carrying track, and a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain is arranged between the two sets of driving gears; The second driving part on the return track includes a plurality of groups of driving gears arranged at equal intervals, and each group of driving gears is synchronously connected through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain; A group of first driving gears and a group of second driving gears are respectively arranged at both ends of the inter-furnace track located in the middle, and at least one group of driving gears is arranged on the inter-furnace tracks located at both ends; the first driving gear is synchronously connected with the driving gear on the adjacent inter-furnace track located at the end through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain, and the second driving gear is synchronously connected with the driving gear on the adjacent inter-furnace track located at the end through a synchronous belt or a synchronous chain.

4. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The working trolley comprises: A platform plate, wherein the travel roller and the transmission rack are arranged at the lower part of the platform plate; A sand seal ring, which is arranged on the platform; and A refractory pressure head is arranged in the middle of the sand sealing ring, and the refractory pressure head support is arranged on the platform plate. A positioning hole corresponding to the refractory pressure head is also arranged on the platform plate. A sealing filler is filled between the sand sealing ring and the refractory pressure head.

5. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fireproof pressure head includes a first pressure head located at the bottom and at least one second pressure head, the lower part of the first pressure head is provided with a limiting boss corresponding to the positioning hole, and the second pressure head is overlapped with the first pressure head and connected and fixed by a screw; It also includes an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a thermocouple, which are all arranged in the sand sealing ring. A protective gas inlet plug and a thermocouple plug are arranged on the side of the sand sealing ring, and the air outlet pipe is led out through a vehicle platform or a sand sealing ring.

6. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are at least two groups of the forming rails, and at least one group of the return rails. Each of the forming rails and the return rail is correspondingly arranged between the two connecting rails.

7. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes at least one set of loading and unloading station rails, which are arranged on the side of the connecting rails; when loading or unloading, the loading and unloading station rails are arranged in alignment with the vehicle carrying rails.

8. The fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an anti-falling unit, a position detection sensor and a control system. The position detection sensor is used to detect the positions of the working trolley and the docking trolley, and the control system controls the actions of each component; The anti-falling unit comprises a safety hook pivotally arranged on the crossbeam, a hook ring arranged on the clamp unit and a power push rod driving the safety hook to move; or The anti-falling unit comprises a limit platform arranged on the crossbeam, a limit block arranged on the clamp unit and a power push rod driving the limit block to move; when preventing falling, the limit block extends out and is arranged on the upper part of the limit platform.

9. A fully automatic hot pressing sintering method, characterized in that: The sintering operation of superhard materials is carried out by using the fully automatic hot pressing sintering equipment set described in any one of claims 1 to 8, which specifically includes the following steps: According to the performance characteristics of the corresponding superhard materials, the process parameters of the hot pressing sintering furnace and the cooling and pressing furnace are set; At the loading and unloading station, the workpiece to be sintered is placed on the work trolley; The working trolley is driven to run to the lower part of the furnace lifting device via the connecting trolley, and the furnace lifting device seals and places the furnace on the working trolley, and fills the furnace with protective gas; Drive the working trolley to the guide plate track at the bottom of the hot pressing and sintering furnace, drive the guide plate and the working trolley to rise through the corresponding lifting drive unit, and complete the assembly with the hot pressing and sintering furnace, and start the hot pressing and sintering furnace; After the hot pressing sintering furnace is finished sintering, the lifting driving unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to descend to the position, and the second driving unit drives the working trolley to the guide plate track at the bottom of the cooling and pressurizing furnace, and the corresponding lifting driving unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to rise, and completes the assembly with the cooling and pressurizing furnace, and starts the cooling and pressurizing furnace; After the cooling of the cooling pressurized furnace is completed, the lifting drive unit drives the guide plate and the working trolley to descend to their positions, and the second drive unit drives the working trolley to return to the lower part of the furnace lifting device through the connecting track and the return track, and the furnace lifting device clamps the furnace and lifts it away from the working trolley; Drive the working trolley to the loading and unloading station to complete the unloading operation of the sintered workpiece.

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