A super-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool disc

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and particularly relates to an ultra-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool holder. The technical solution adopted is as follows: An ultra-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool holder includes a tool holder body. The tool holder body is provided with a plurality of blades, and the blades are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the tool holder body to press down the tool holder body through the air pressure difference generated when the blades rotate. In the present invention, a plurality of blades are evenly distributed along the rotation axis of the tool holder body. By driving the rotation of the blades through the rotation of the tool holder body, the air pressure difference generated when the blades rotate presses down the tool holder body. Therefore, the pressure exerted by the air on the blades in the present invention can suppress the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool holder during operation, enable the cutting amount to reach a predetermined value, avoid the change in the machining amount caused by the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool holder, can reduce the cumbersome adjustments during the machining process, keep the machining amount in a controllable state, reduce the machining error, and thus ensure the machining accuracy of the surface of the optical part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and particularly relates to an ultra-precision single-point diamond fly cutting tool holder. Background Art

[0002] The single-point diamond fly cutting tool holder is a tool clamping device of an ultra-precision fly cutting machine tool, and is composed of a fly cutting tool holder body, a pressing plate, movable blades, an adjustable tool shank, a limit screw, etc. The single-point diamond fly cutting tool holder is widely used in the technical field of ultra-precision optical part surface machining. Among them, the warping deformation caused by the rotation of the fly cutting tool holder itself during the machining process has a significant impact on the machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the technical problem that the warping deformation caused by the rotation of the fly cutting tool holder itself affects the machining accuracy of optical parts, the present invention provides an ultra-precision single-point diamond fly cutting tool holder, which can suppress the warping deformation of the tool holder caused by the centrifugal force by the pressure applied by air on the tool holder, thereby suppressing the height change of the cutting point of the single-point diamond tool to reach a predetermined cutting depth, and further ensuring the machining accuracy of the optical part surface.

[0004] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0005] An ultra-precision single-point diamond fly cutting tool holder, including a tool holder body, wherein the tool holder body is provided with a plurality of blades, and the blades are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the tool holder body to press down the tool holder body through the air pressure difference generated when the blades rotate.

[0006] During the process of single-point diamond fly cutting machining, due to the centrifugal force, the height of the cutting point of the single-point diamond tool changes, resulting in low machining accuracy of the optical part surface. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust multiple times or rely on the experience of the operator to ensure that the machining reaches the predetermined size, which increases the uncertainty of the machining process and makes it difficult to control the machining accuracy of the optical part surface.

[0007] The present invention evenly distributes a plurality of blades on the tool holder body along the rotation axis of the tool holder to drive the blades to rotate through the rotation of the tool holder body, so that the air pressure difference generated when the blades rotate presses down the tool holder body. Therefore, the pressure of the air acting on the blades of the present invention can suppress the warping deformation of the fly cutting tool holder during work, make the cutting amount reach a predetermined value, avoid the change of the machining amount caused by the warping deformation of the fly cutting tool holder, can reduce the cumbersome adjustment in the machining process, make the machining amount in a controllable state, so as to reduce the machining error, and thus ensure the machining accuracy of the optical part surface.

[0008] Further, the attack angle of the blade is adjustable. Since the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool disc is related to the rotational speed, and the pressure on the blade is related to its cross-sectional shape, attack angle, rotational speed, etc., when the cross-sectional shape of the blade is fixed, changing the attack angle of the blade can achieve the suppression of the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool disc at different rotational speeds.

[0009] As a specific implementation of the adjustable attack angle of the blade, both ends of the blade are rotatably connected to the tool disc body. A number of first limiting holes are provided at one end of the blade, and a limiting screw is screwed on the tool disc body to limit the blade by inserting the limiting screw into the first limiting holes.

[0010] Specifically, the limiting screw includes a threaded section screwed to the tool disc body and a smooth rod section inserted into the limiting through hole.

[0011] Preferably, the tool disc body is provided with a number of fixed through grooves, which are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the tool disc body, and the fixed through grooves are used to accommodate the blades. Fixing the blades in the fixed through grooves can protect the blades on the one hand and reduce the volume of the tool disc body on the other hand, thereby reducing the influence of the blades on the fly-cutting process.

[0012] As a specific implementation of the connection between the blade and the tool disc body, a first connecting shaft is provided at the inner end of the blade, a second connecting shaft is provided at the outer end of the blade, and the limiting through hole is provided on the second connecting shaft.

[0013] Specifically, a limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the fixed through groove, and a pressing plate is fitted in the limiting groove to press the second connecting shaft in the limiting groove through the pressing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting groove is provided with a first arc-shaped notch for accommodating the second connecting shaft, and the corresponding pressing plate is provided with a second arc-shaped notch to facilitate the fixing of the second connecting shaft. At the same time, a second limiting hole for inserting the lower end of the limiting screw is provided in the first arc-shaped notch, so that the pressing block and the tool disc body simultaneously limit the limiting screw to ensure the stability of the blade during the processing and further ensure the processing accuracy of the fly-cutting process.

[0015] As a specific implementation of the blade, the cross-section of the blade is a cross-section that is flat on the top and convex on the bottom.

[0016] Specifically, the tool disc body is provided with two tool holders, and the two tool holders are symmetrically arranged about the axis center of the tool disc body.

[0017] Preferably, the position of the tool holder in the axial direction of the tool disc body is adjustable to facilitate the adjustment of the cutting amount of the diamond tool.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] 1. The present invention evenly distributes a number of blades along the rotation axis of the cutter head body, so that the rotation of the cutter head body drives the blades to rotate, and the air pressure difference generated when the blades rotate presses down the cutter head body, which can inhibit the warping deformation of the fly-cutting cutter head during operation, make the cutting amount reach a predetermined value, avoid the change of the machining amount caused by the warping deformation of the fly-cutting cutter head, can reduce the cumbersome adjustment in the machining process, make the machining amount in a controllable state, so as to reduce the machining error, and thus ensure the machining accuracy of the optical part surface;

[0020] 2. The attack angle of the blade is adjustable. When the cross-sectional shape of the blade is fixed, changing the attack angle of the blade can achieve the inhibition of the warping deformation of the fly-cutting cutter head at different rotational speeds;

[0021] 3. The cutter head body is provided with a number of fixed through grooves, which are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the cutter head body, and the fixed through grooves are used to accommodate the blades. Fixing the blades in the fixed through grooves can, on the one hand, protect the blades, and on the other hand, can reduce the volume of the cutter head body, and then reduce the influence of the blades on the fly-cutting machining. Description of the Drawings

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cutter head body of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the blade structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the pressing part structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the limit screw structure of the present invention.

[0028] Marks in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0029] 1 - cutter head body, 11 - fixed through groove, 12 - limit groove, 121 - first arc-shaped notch, 122 - second limit hole, 2 - pressing plate, 21 - second arc-shaped notch, 22 - limit screw hole, 23 - fixed screw hole, 3 - blade, 31 - first connecting shaft, 32 - second connecting shaft, 321 - first limit hole, 4 - tool shank, 5 - limit screw, 51 - threaded section, 52 - smooth rod section. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment

[0032] A super-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool disk includes a tool disk body 1. The tool disk body 1 is provided with a plurality of blades 3. The blades 3 are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the tool disk body 1 to press down the tool disk body 1 through the air pressure difference generated when the blades 3 rotate.

[0033] During the process of single-point diamond fly-cutting machining, due to the action of centrifugal force, the height of the cutting point of the single-point diamond tool changes, resulting in low machining accuracy of the surface of the optical part. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust multiple times or rely on the experience of the operator to ensure that the machining reaches the predetermined size, which increases the uncertainty of the machining process and makes it difficult to control the machining accuracy of the surface of the optical part.

[0034] In the present invention, a plurality of blades 3 are evenly distributed on the tool disk body 1 along the rotation axis of the tool disk, so that the rotation of the tool disk body 1 drives the rotation of the blades 3, and the air pressure difference generated when the blades 3 rotate presses down the tool disk body 1. Therefore, the pressure of the air acting on the blades 3 in the present invention can suppress the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool disk during operation, make the cutting amount reach the predetermined value, avoid the change of the machining amount caused by the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool disk, can reduce the cumbersome adjustment in the machining process, make the machining amount in a controllable state, so as to reduce the machining error, and thus ensure the machining accuracy of the surface of the optical part.

[0035] It can be understood that since the streamline distribution density is proportional to the fluid flow velocity, according to Bernoulli's principle, at the same height (ignoring the thickness of the movable blade 3), the pressure is low where the fluid flow velocity is large, and the pressure is high where the fluid flow velocity is small. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is only necessary to make the air flow velocity above the blade 3 less than the air flow velocity below it, so as to form a pressure difference on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable blade 3, thereby generating a downward acting force on the blade by using the pressure difference, so as to realize the suppression of the warping deformation of the fly-cutting tool disk.

[0036] As a specific embodiment of the blade 3, the cross-section of the blade 3 is a cross-section that is flat on the upper side and convex on the lower side, so that the air streamline distribution around the blade 3 is sparse on the upper side and dense on the lower side, which is also convenient for the production and processing of the blade 3.

[0037] Further, the angle of attack of the blade 3 is adjustable. It should be noted that the angle of attack refers to the difference between the blade angle (the angle between the tangent of the blade profile and the circumferential velocity) and the relative airflow angle (the angle between the relative velocity and the circumferential velocity). Since the warping deformation of the fly cutting tool disc is related to the rotational speed, and the pressure on the blade 3 is related to its cross-sectional shape, angle of attack, rotational speed, etc., therefore, when the cross-sectional shape of the blade 3 is fixed, changing the angle of attack of the blade 3 can achieve the suppression of the warping deformation of the fly cutting tool disc at different rotational speeds.

[0038] As a specific implementation manner of the adjustable angle of attack of the blade 3, both ends of the blade 3 are rotatably connected to the tool disc body 1. A plurality of first limiting holes 321 are provided at one end of the blade 3, and a limiting screw 5 is screwed on the tool disc body 1 to limit the blade 3 by inserting the limiting screw 5 into the first limiting holes 321.

[0039] Specifically, the limiting screw 5 includes a threaded section 51 screwed to the tool disc body 1 and a smooth rod section 52 inserted into the limiting through hole.

[0040] Preferably, the tool disc body 1 is provided with a plurality of fixed through grooves 11, and the fixed through grooves 11 are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the tool disc body 1. The fixed through grooves 11 are used to accommodate the blade 3. Fixing the blade 3 in the fixed through grooves 11 can, on the one hand, protect the blade 3, and on the other hand, reduce the volume of the tool disc body 1, thereby reducing the influence of the blade 3 on the fly cutting process.

[0041] As a specific implementation manner of the connection between the blade 3 and the tool disc body 1, a first connecting shaft 31 is provided at the inner end of the blade 3, a second connecting shaft 32 is provided at the outer end of the blade 3, and the limiting through hole is provided on the second connecting shaft 32.

[0042] Specifically, a limiting groove 12 is provided on the outer side wall of the fixed through groove 11, and a pressing plate 2 is fitted in the limiting groove 12 to press the second connecting shaft 32 in the limiting groove 12 through the pressing plate 2.

[0043] Preferably, the limiting groove is provided with a first arc-shaped recess 121 for accommodating the second connecting shaft 32, and correspondingly, the pressing plate 2 is provided with a second arc-shaped recess 21 to facilitate the fixing of the second connecting shaft 32. At the same time, a second limiting hole 122 for inserting the lower end of the limiting screw 5 is provided in the first arc-shaped recess 121, so that the pressing block and the tool disc body 1 simultaneously limit the limiting screw 5 to ensure the stability of the blade 3 during the processing and further ensure the processing accuracy of the fly cutting process.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four fixed through grooves 11 and eight blades 3. That is to say, two blades 3 are arranged in each fixed groove 11. The cutter head body 1 is formed by fixedly connecting two concentric rings through four connecting ribs. A through hole or blind hole for inserting the first connecting shaft 31 is provided on the outer side wall of the inner ring, and a limiting groove 12 is provided on the inner side wall of the outer ring. A second limiting hole 122 is provided at the bottom of the first arc-shaped notch 121 at the bottom of the limiting groove 12.

[0045] During installation, insert the first connecting shaft 31 into the through hole or blind hole provided on the outer side wall of the inner ring of the cutter head body 1, place the second connecting shaft 32 into the second arc-shaped notch 21, then place the pressing plate 2 into the limiting groove 12, and screw the fixing screws into the fixing screw holes 23 at both ends of the pressing plate 2 to complete the assembly of the blade 3. Then, according to the rotational speed of the cutter head body 1 for fly-cutting, adjust the attack angle of the blade 3, and then insert the lower end of the smooth rod section 52 of the limiting screw 5 into the first limiting hole 321 and the second limiting hole 122 in sequence through the limiting screw hole 22, and screw the threaded section 51 into the limiting screw hole 22 to complete the fixing of the blade 3.

[0046] In addition, the cutter head body 1 is provided with two tool holders 4, and the two tool holders 4 are symmetrically arranged about the axis center of the cutter head body 1 to ensure the smooth rotation of the cutter head body 1.

[0047] Preferably, the position of the tool holder 4 in the axial direction of the cutter head body 1 is adjustable to facilitate adjusting the cutting amount of the diamond tool. It can be understood that usually, the rapid adjustment of the tool holder 4 is achieved through coarse-thread screws, and the fine adjustment of the tool holder 4 is achieved through fine adjustment nuts.

[0048] The specific implementation manners described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation manners of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool disc, comprising a tool disc body (1), characterized in that, The cutter head body (1) is provided with a plurality of blades (3), the blades (3) are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the cutter head body (1), and the cross section of the blades (3) is in a shape with a flat upper part and a convex lower part, so as to suppress the warping deformation of the fly-cutting cutter head during work by pressing down the cutter head body (1) due to the air pressure difference generated when the blades (3) rotate; The attack angle of the blade (3) is adjustable, both ends of the blade (3) are rotatably connected to the cutter head body (1), a plurality of first limiting holes (321) are provided at one end of the blade (3), and a limiting screw (5) is screwed on the cutter head body (1) to limit the blade (3) by inserting the limiting screw (5) into the first limiting holes (321). The limiting screw (5) includes a threaded section (51) screwed to the cutter head body (1) and a smooth rod section (52) inserted into the limiting through hole; The cutter head body (1) is provided with a plurality of fixed through grooves (11), the fixed through grooves (11) are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the cutter head body (1), and the fixed through grooves (11) are used for accommodating the blades (3); The cutter head body (1) is further provided with two tool holders (4), and the two tool holders (4) are symmetrically arranged about the axis center of the cutter head body (1).

2. The ultra-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool disc according to claim 1, wherein A first connecting shaft (31) is provided at the inner end of the blade (3), a second connecting shaft (32) is provided at the outer end of the blade (3), and the limiting through hole is arranged on the second connecting shaft (32).

3. The ultra-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool disk according to claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting groove (12) is provided on the outer side wall of the fixed through groove (11), and a pressing plate (2) is fitted in the limiting groove (12) to press the second connecting shaft (32) in the limiting groove (12).

4. The ultra-precision single-point diamond fly-cutting tool disk according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position of the tool holder (4) in the axial direction of the cutter head body (1) is adjustable.

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