A methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system, including a liquid inlet module, a methanol water reforming hydrogen production module, a power generation module, a stack heat dissipation module and an electronic control module. The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system of the present invention adopts a hydrogen-rich stack, which reduces the purity requirements of the hydrogen entering the stack; secondly, the system adopts selective catalytic technology, and as long as the temperature required by the design is reached, it can produce hydrogen that meets the requirements of the hydrogen-rich stack. The structural design is simple, reducing the pressure required to be borne by the palladium tube, thereby reducing the production process requirements; in addition, an inverter is added inside the system, which can boost the electric energy generated by the stack to adapt to the applicable scope of the mains power usage scenario; energy storage batteries are also added inside the system, which can realize power generation without an external power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power generation equipment, and in particular to a methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system. Background Art

[0002] The existing methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system has the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. The existing technology fuel cell has very high requirements for hydrogen purity, which needs to reach more than 99.99%. If the hydrogen purity does not meet this requirement, it will directly affect the service life of the fuel cell.

[0004] 2. Methanol reforming uses palladium membrane purification. The inside of the palladium tube needs to withstand a pressure of more than 10KG, which places very high demands on the production process.

[0005] 3. The usage scenario is relatively simple, mainly designed for communication base stations, the output voltage is generally 48V (or 24V), and it cannot be connected to the grid for ordinary household electricity;

[0006] 4. The device needs to be connected to an external power supply to power the device during cold start. It cannot be started in an off-grid environment (without a mains power network);

[0007] 5. The service life of existing battery stacks is relatively short, generally 5000-20000 hours. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system to solve the above technical problems, which can reduce the purity requirements of hydrogen entering the fuel cell and improve the application scope of the equipment, as well as increase the service life of the power generation system (10 years or 80,000 hours).

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system, including a liquid inlet module, a methanol water reforming hydrogen production module, a power generation module, a stack heat dissipation module and an electronic control module;

[0010] The liquid inlet module comprises a methanol water storage tank and a liquid inlet pipeline, and the liquid inlet pipeline is provided with a first solenoid valve, a methanol pump, and a one-way valve;

[0011] The methanol-water reforming hydrogen production module comprises a preheater, a burner, a reformer, a CO remover, a selective oxidizer and a water vapor separation device; the outlet of the liquid inlet pipeline is respectively connected to the liquid inlet of the preheater and the liquid inlet of the burner through a liquid separator, the outlet of the preheater is connected to the liquid inlet of the reformer, the outlet of the reformer is connected to the inlet of the CO remover, the outlet of the CO remover is connected to the inlet of the selective oxidizer, and the outlet of the selective oxidizer is connected to the inlet of the water vapor separation device;

[0012] The power generation module includes a battery stack body, an air supply system and a water circulation system; the outlet of the water vapor separation device is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the battery stack body, the air inlet of the battery stack body and the air inlet of the burner are both connected to the air supply system, the water outlet of the battery stack body is connected to the water inlet of the water circulation system, and the water outlet of the water circulation system is connected to the water inlet of the battery stack body;

[0013] The stack heat dissipation module includes a heat exchanger, a radiator, and a water pump; the water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the water inlet of the radiator, the water outlet of the radiator is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger through the water pump, and the hot water in the water circulation system is heat exchanged through the heat exchanger;

[0014] The electric control module includes a control mainboard, a voltage-stabilizing DC, an inverter and an energy storage battery; the control mainboard is used to control the operation of the entire system and all electrical components, the voltage-stabilizing DC is used to stabilize the power generated by the power generation module and convert it into an output voltage, the inverter is used to invert and boost the output voltage, and the energy storage battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the power generation module and to provide starting power for the entire system.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the mixed gas outlet of the fuel cell stack body is connected to the recovered gas inlet of the burner.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the air supply system includes an air pump and an air supply pipeline, and the air supply pipeline is provided with an air filter, an air pump, an air flow meter and a second solenoid valve.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the water circulation system includes a water tank and a water circulation pipeline, and the water circulation pipeline is provided with a circulating water pump, a third solenoid valve and a water flow meter.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the water outlet of the battery stack body is connected to the water tank of the water circulation system.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, a heat exchanger is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the selective oxidizer and the inlet of the water vapor separation device.

[0020] As a preferred solution, a methanol flow meter is also provided on the liquid inlet pipeline.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the flue gas outlet of the CO remover is connected to an exhaust duct.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The embodiment of the present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system, including a liquid inlet module, a methanol water reforming hydrogen production module, a power generation module, a stack heat dissipation module and an electronic control module. The methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system of the present invention adopts a hydrogen-rich stack, which reduces the purity requirements of the hydrogen entering the stack; secondly, the system adopts selective catalytic technology, and as long as the temperature required by the design is reached, it can produce hydrogen that meets the requirements of the hydrogen-rich stack. The structural design is simple, reducing the pressure required to be borne by the palladium tube, thereby reducing the production process requirements; in addition, an inverter is added inside the system, which can boost the electricity generated by the stack to adapt to the scope of application of the mains power usage scenario; energy storage batteries are also added inside the system, which can realize power generation without an external power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification are as follows:

[0026] 1. Liquid inlet module; 11. Methanol water storage tank; 12. First solenoid valve; 13. Methanol pump; 14. Check valve; 15. Methanol flow meter;

[0027] 2. Methanol-water reforming hydrogen production module; 21. Preheater; 22. Reformer; 23. CO remover; 24. Selective oxidizer; 25. Burner; 26. Water vapor separation device;

[0028] 3. Power generation module; 31. Fuel cell body;

[0029] 4. Stack cooling module;

[0030] 5. Electronic control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system, including a liquid inlet module 1, a methanol water reforming hydrogen production module 2, a power generation module 3, a stack heat dissipation module 4 and an electronic control module 5;

[0033] The liquid inlet module 1 comprises a methanol water storage tank 11 and a liquid inlet pipeline, and the liquid inlet pipeline is provided with a first solenoid valve 12, a methanol pump 13, and a one-way valve 14;

[0034] The methanol water reforming hydrogen production module 2 includes a preheater 21, a burner 25, a reformer 22, a CO remover 23, a selective oxidizer 24 and a water vapor separation device 26; the outlet of the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet of the preheater 21 and the liquid inlet of the burner 25 through a liquid separator, the outlet of the preheater 21 is connected to the liquid inlet of the reformer 22, the outlet of the reformer 22 is connected to the inlet of the CO remover 23, the outlet of the CO remover 23 is connected to the inlet of the selective oxidizer 24, and the outlet of the selective oxidizer 24 is connected to the inlet of the water vapor separation device 26;

[0035] The power generation module 3 includes a battery stack body 31, an air supply system and a water circulation system; the outlet of the water vapor separation device 26 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the battery stack body 31, the air inlet of the battery stack body 31 and the air inlet of the burner 25 are both connected to the air supply system, the water outlet of the battery stack body 31 is connected to the water inlet of the water circulation system, and the water outlet of the water circulation system is connected to the water inlet of the battery stack body 31;

[0036] The stack heat dissipation module 4 includes a heat exchanger, a radiator, and a water pump; the water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the water inlet of the radiator, the water outlet of the radiator is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger through the water pump, and the hot water in the water circulation system is heat exchanged through the heat exchanger;

[0037] The electric control module 5 includes a control mainboard, a voltage-stabilizing DC, an inverter and an energy storage battery; the control mainboard is used to control the operation of the entire system and all electrical components, the voltage-stabilizing DC is used to stabilize the power generated by the power generation module 3 and convert it into an output voltage, the inverter is used to invert and boost the output voltage, and the energy storage battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the power generation module 3 and to provide starting power for the entire system.

[0038] As a preferred solution, the mixed gas outlet of the fuel cell stack body 31 is connected to the recovered gas inlet of the burner 25 .

[0039] As a preferred solution, the air supply system includes an air pump and an air supply pipeline, and the air supply pipeline is provided with an air filter, an air pump, an air flow meter and a second solenoid valve.

[0040] As a preferred solution, the water circulation system includes a water tank and a water circulation pipeline, and the water circulation pipeline is provided with a circulating water pump, a third solenoid valve and a water flow meter.

[0041] As a preferred solution, the water outlet of the battery stack body 31 is connected to the water tank of the water circulation system.

[0042] As a preferred solution, a heat exchanger is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the selective oxidizer 24 and the inlet of the water vapor separation device 26 .

[0043] As a preferred solution, a methanol flow meter 15 is also provided on the liquid inlet pipeline.

[0044] As a preferred solution, the flue gas outlet of the CO remover 23 is connected to the exhaust duct.

[0045] Based on the above scheme, the methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system is described in detail below:

[0046] The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system mainly includes the following modules: methanol water reforming hydrogen production module 2, power generation module 3, liquid inlet module 1, stack heat dissipation module 4, electronic control module 5, etc.

[0047] The power generation module 3 includes the stack body 31, the air supply system, the water circulation system, and the hydrogen supply system (methanol water reforming hydrogen production module 2). The three subsystems cooperate with each other to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the stack.

[0048] The liquid inlet module 1 includes a methanol water storage tank 11, a methanol pump 13, a solenoid valve, a one-way valve 14, a flow limiting valve, a vacuum system, and pipelines connecting various components;

[0049] The stack heat dissipation module 4 includes a liquid storage tank, a radiator (including a fan for dissipating heat for the radiator), a water pump, and a heat exchanger; the electronic control module 5 includes a DC-DC, an inverter, an energy storage battery, a control mainboard, etc.

[0050] The methanol-water reforming hydrogen production module 2 includes a methanol-water preheating structure (located in the preheater 21), a methanol-water gasification structure (located in the preheater 21), a burner 25, a methanol-water steam reforming reaction structure (reformer), LTS (CO removal), and PROX (selective oxidation, reducing the CO concentration from 0.4% to 0).

[0051] The working principle of the methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system of the present invention is as follows:

[0052] In the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production module 2, methanol-water is first converted from liquid to gas through the preheater 21, and then further heated through the methanol-water gasification structure to allow the methanol-water vapor to reach the required design temperature. The burner 25 is used to provide a heat source for the methanol-water gasification structure and the methanol-water reforming reactor; the methanol-water vapor that meets the requirements enters the reforming device and produces hydrogen and CO at the same time under the action of the catalyst. The rich hydrogen after the reaction enters the LTS structure (CO remover 23) to reduce the CO concentration, and then enters the PROX structure (selective oxidizer 24) to further reduce the CO concentration, and finally reaches the gas composition required by the design.

[0053] The power generation module 3 includes a stack body 31, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, and a water circulation system. The reformed rich hydrogen is first cooled to the stack operating temperature by a heat exchanger, and a water vapor separation device 26 removes the water contained in the rich hydrogen. The rich hydrogen is controlled by a solenoid valve and finally enters the stack body 31. The air supply system provides oxygen for the reaction of the stack body 31. The system includes an air filter, an air pump, an air flow meter, and a solenoid valve. The water circulation system is used to dissipate the heat generated by the stack reaction. The system includes a water tank, a circulating water pump, a solenoid valve, a water flow meter, and other main components.

[0054] The liquid inlet module 1 includes a methanol water storage tank, a methanol pump 13, a one-way valve 14, a solenoid valve and other main components. The methanol water in the methanol water storage tank 11 is pumped into the pipeline by the methanol pump 13, and the methanol liquid is transported to the burner 25 through the liquid distribution pipe (methanol water is used as the fuel source during cold start, and the remaining hydrogen after the reaction of the fuel cell stack 31 is used as the fuel source after normal operation). Another part of the methanol water passes through the preheater 21 as the source of methanol reforming.

[0055] The stack heat dissipation module 4 includes main components such as a heat exchanger, a radiator, a water pump, and a solenoid valve. The heat generated by the stack body 31 enters the water tank for water circulation through water. The water in the water tank exchanges heat with the cold water at the radiator outlet through the heat exchanger to achieve the purpose of dissipating heat for the stack body 31. The hot water at the radiator inlet is cooled through internal pipes and external fans.

[0056] The electric control module 5 includes a control mainboard, a voltage-stabilizing DC, an inverter, and an energy storage battery. The mainboard controls the operation of the entire system and all electrical components. The voltage-stabilizing DC stabilizes and converts the electricity generated by the power generation module 3 and outputs it to the outside. The inverter boosts the stabilized 48V or 24V to 220V, which can be directly used for household voltage. The energy storage battery is the power source used when the equipment is started.

[0057] It should be noted that when arranging the whole machine, it is necessary to consider the heat dissipation of the system (the layout of the air inlet and exhaust port, the heat dissipation of the heating elements), the layout of the electronic control module 5 (try to prevent the entry of flammable and explosive gases), and the rationality of the layout of other components of the whole machine and the effective use of space.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. The hydrogen-rich fuel cell used in the present invention has much lower requirements on the hydrogen content entering the fuel cell. As long as the hydrogen content entering the fuel cell is guaranteed to be 65-75%, the fuel cell can work normally and its service life can reach 10 years or 80,000 hours. The pure hydrogen fuel cell will not have its service life reduced directly due to insufficient purity of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell.

[0060] 2. Methanol reforming to produce hydrogen adopts selective catalytic technology. As long as the LTS and PROX CO removal devices reach the required temperature, they can produce hydrogen that meets the requirements of the hydrogen-rich fuel cell. The structural design is simple and does not need to withstand a pressure of 10KG. The maximum pressure of this system does not exceed 1KG.

[0061] 3. An inverter is added inside the device, so that the electricity generated by the battery stack can be boosted to 220V, which can be directly connected to the mains for use, meeting the needs of different usage scenarios and increasing the scope of use of the equipment.

[0062] 4. An energy storage battery is added inside the device, which can generate electricity without an external power supply (the existing technology requires access to an external power supply or an external battery as a starting power source), truly realizing power generation off the grid or in unmanned areas.

[0063] 5. The heat dissipation and ventilation performance of the whole machine are excellent, which can guarantee the temperature inside the equipment and the electrical operating temperature to the maximum extent; the air inlet of the whole machine is set at the bottom of the left, right and rear sides of the equipment, and two exhaust outlets are designed on the upper left and right sides, and exhaust fans are arranged at the exhaust outlets. Methanol reforming is arranged in the upper left part as the largest heat source of the whole machine, and the arrangement of components is reduced on its upper part and around it, so that it can dissipate heat through the cooling fan of the whole machine as quickly and efficiently.

[0064] 6. The heat dissipation system of the battery stack radiator and the heat dissipation inside the equipment are two completely independent heat dissipation ducts. The radiator has independent air inlet and exhaust port to ensure the maximum efficiency of the radiator and keep the battery stack at a reasonable operating temperature, thereby improving the stability of the whole machine.

[0065] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A methanol reforming hydrogen production power generation system, characterized in that: It includes a liquid inlet module, a methanol-water reforming hydrogen production module, a power generation module, a stack heat dissipation module and an electronic control module; The liquid inlet module comprises a methanol water storage tank and a liquid inlet pipeline, and the liquid inlet pipeline is provided with a first solenoid valve, a methanol pump, and a one-way valve; The methanol-water reforming hydrogen production module includes a preheater, a burner, a reformer, a CO remover, a selective oxidizer and a water vapor separation device; the outlet of the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet of the preheater and the liquid inlet of the burner through a liquid separator, the outlet of the preheater is connected to the liquid inlet of the reformer, the outlet of the reformer is connected to the inlet of the CO remover, the outlet of the CO remover is connected to the inlet of the selective oxidizer, and the outlet of the selective oxidizer is connected to the inlet of the water vapor separation device; wherein the preheater is used to convert methanol water into methanol water vapor; the burner is used to provide a heat source; the reformer is used to generate rich hydrogen containing hydrogen and CO under the action of a catalyst based on the methanol water vapor; the CO remover is used to reduce the concentration of CO in the rich hydrogen; the selective oxidizer is used to reduce the concentration of CO; The power generation module includes a battery stack body, an air supply system and a water circulation system; the outlet of the water vapor separation device is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the battery stack body, the air inlet of the battery stack body and the air inlet of the burner are both connected to the air supply system, the water outlet of the battery stack body is connected to the water inlet of the water circulation system, and the water outlet of the water circulation system is connected to the water inlet of the battery stack body; the water vapor separation device is used to remove water from the rich hydrogen after reducing the CO concentration; the air supply system is used to provide oxygen to the battery stack body; wherein the mixed gas outlet of the battery stack body is connected to the recovered gas inlet of the burner; the air supply system includes an air pump and an air supply pipeline, and the air supply pipeline is provided with an air filter, an air pump, an air flow meter and a second solenoid valve; The stack heat dissipation module includes a heat exchanger, a radiator, and a water pump; the water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the water inlet of the radiator, the water outlet of the radiator is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger through the water pump, and the hot water in the water circulation system is heat exchanged through the heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used to exchange heat between the hot water and the cold water at the outlet of the radiator; The electric control module includes a control mainboard, a voltage-stabilizing DC, an inverter and an energy storage battery; the control mainboard is used to control the operation of the entire system and all electrical components, the voltage-stabilizing DC is used to stabilize the power generated by the power generation module and convert it into an output voltage, the inverter is used to invert and boost the output voltage, and the energy storage battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the power generation module and to provide starting power for the entire system.

2. The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation system comprises a water tank and a water circulation pipeline, and the water circulation pipeline is provided with a circulating water pump, a third electromagnetic valve and a water flow meter.

3. The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet of the battery stack body is connected to the water tank of the water circulation system.

4. The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchanger is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the selective oxidizer and the inlet of the water vapor separation device.

5. The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipeline is also provided with a methanol flow meter.

6. The methanol reforming hydrogen production and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas outlet of the CO remover is connected to the exhaust duct.

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