Systems and methods for monitoring, tracking and tracing logistics

Abstract

A method for tracking a package using a tracking device associated with the package, the method comprising: receiving, by the tracking device, manifest data including a destination location of the package; detecting, by the tracking device, a current location of the package; determining, by the tracking device, delivery of the package to the destination location based on the current location; determining, by the tracking device, a deviation of the package from the destination location based on the current location; sending, by the tracking device, a first alert to a remote computing device in response to the deviation of the package from the destination location; determining, by the tracking device, opening of the package; comparing, by the tracking device, the current location with the destination location; determining, by the tracking device, whether the package has been opened at a location different from the destination location; and sending, by the tracking device, a second alert to the remote computing device in response to determining that the package has been opened at a location different from the destination location.

Description

[0001] Citation of Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 679,300 filed on June 1, 2018 (entitled “System and Methods for Monitoring, Tracking and Tracing Logistics”) and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 806,444 filed on February 15, 2019 (entitled “System and Methods for Monitoring, Tracking and Tracing Logistics”), and the entire contents of these provisional patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The apparatus and methods described below generally relate to tracking devices for packages. Background Art

[0004] Packages are vulnerable to theft and / or mishandling while in transit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0005] Various embodiments will become better understood with reference to the following description, appended claims and accompanying drawings, in which:

[0006] Figure 1 is an exploded isometric view depicting a tracking device according to one embodiment;

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An isometric view of the assembly of the tracking device;

[0008] Figure 3 Communicates with remote computing devices Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a tracking device;

[0009] Figures 4A-4C Is used to depict Figure 1 Each environment view of the different stages of the tracking device's method of tracking a package;

[0010] Figure 5 It is a depiction Figure 1 A flowchart of the operation of the tracking device in supervision mode;

[0011] Figures 6A-6C It is depicting Figure 1 A view of each environment at different stages of the process of returning the tracking device to the shipper;

[0012] Figure 7is an isometric view depicting a tote associated with a tracking device according to another embodiment;

[0013] Figure 8 Communicates with remote computing devices Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a tracking device;

[0014] Figures 9A-9G is depicted for use Figure 7 A tracking device for tracking each environmental view of different stages of the method of the tote;

[0015] Figures 10A-10K is a view of each environment depicting different stages of a method for tracking the transport of an item along a pharmaceutical distribution network using a tracking device;

[0016] Fig.11 is an environmental view depicting different stages of a method for tracking wine from a vintner using a tracking device; and

[0017] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram depicting a method for tracking returning beer kegs using a tracking device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will combine Figure 1-12 The embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein the same numerals represent the same or corresponding elements throughout the drawings. The tracking device 20 according to one embodiment is generally Figure 1-3 and can be used with packages (e.g. Figure 4A 42) in the figure, as will be described in further detail below, to facilitate the tracking of the package. Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the tracking device 20 may include a power module 22, a wireless communication module 24, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) module 26, a position monitoring module 28, a microprocessor 30 (e.g., a processor), and a memory module 32. The power module 22 may facilitate onboard powering of the tracking device 20, and may include a power storage device, such as a disposable battery, a rechargeable battery, a supercapacitor, or any of a variety of suitable alternative power storage arrangements. In one embodiment, the power module 22 may be charged via inductive charging. In other embodiments, the power module 22 may be charged from a power port (not shown) (e.g., a USB port), an onboard photovoltaic cell (not shown), kinetic energy, or energy harvested from a nearby communication device (e.g., a passive power supply device).

[0019] The wireless communication module 24 can facilitate wireless communication with the remote computing device 36 via any of a variety of wireless communication protocols, such as, for example, Wi-Fi, a cellular network, or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) (e.g., IrDA, Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy, Zigbee, wireless USB). The wireless communication module 24 can be associated with the antenna 33. The remote computing device 36 can be, for example, a smart phone (e.g., an iOS or Android device), a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or a desktop computer. The remote computing device 36 can have an application loaded thereon that is configured to enable one-way or two-way communication between the tracking device 20 and the remote computing device 36. In some arrangements, the wireless communication module 24 can facilitate communication (e.g., via Wi-Fi or a cellular network) with a remote server (e.g., a cloud-based server) accessed by the remote computing device 36. In one embodiment, the tracking device 20 can be configured to additionally support wired communication via a communication port (such as, for example, a USB port) (not shown).

[0020] The IMU module 26 may be configured to detect movement of the tracking device 20 (e.g., in three-dimensional space) and may include, for example, a gyroscope, an inclinometer, an accelerometer, and / or a magnetometer. The location monitoring module 28 may be configured to detect the geospatial location of the tracking device 20 using a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) such as GPS, Wi-Fi triangulation, or cellular triangulation. The microprocessor 30 may collect sensor data and location data from the IMU module 26 and the location monitoring module 28, respectively, for processing, and may wirelessly communicate the sensor data and the location of the tracking device 20 (via the wireless communication module 24) to a remote computing device 36.

[0021] The microprocessor 30 may be embodied as any type of processor capable of performing the functions described herein. For example, the microprocessor 30 may be embodied as a single-core or multi-core processor, a digital signal processor, a microcontroller, a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processor, a processor with a pipeline, a complex instruction set computer (CISC) processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other processor or processing / control circuit or controller.

[0022] The memory module 32 may be embodied as any type of volatile or non-volatile memory or data storage device capable of performing the functions described herein. For example, the memory module 32 may be embodied as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a cache memory associated with the microprocessor 30, or other memory such as a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a static RAM (SRAM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), a flash memory, a removable memory card or disk, a solid-state drive, etc. In operation, the memory module 32 may store various data and software used during the operation of the tracking device 20, such as an operating system, applications, programs, libraries, and drivers. In addition, the memory module 32 may store various data and software associated with a predictive modeling engine, a tracking optimization algorithm, and an analysis engine, which may be used by the tracking device 20 according to the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the microprocessor 30 and the memory module 32 may be integrated in the same chipset (e.g., as a microcontroller).

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the printed circuit board 38 can support the power module 22, wireless communication module 24, IMU module 26, position monitoring module 28, microprocessor 30 and memory module 32 described above. The printed circuit board 38 can be disposed in the housing 40, such as Figure 2 . In one embodiment, the printed circuit board 38 can be completely enclosed within the housing 40 to prevent the printed circuit board 38 from being exposed to environmental conditions. Thus, the tracking device 20 can be an independent, self-contained unit that can be included in a package to facilitate tracking of the package during transportation. It should be understood that the tracking device 20 can have any of a variety of suitable alternative physical configurations, and in some cases can be customized to accommodate a particular physical implementation.

[0024] View now Figures 4A-6C , an example of a method of tracking a package 42 using a tracking device 20 is shown and will now be discussed. First, the package 42 can be prepared for shipping by first providing the contents 44 into the package 42 and then providing the tracking device 20 into the package 42 along with the contents 44, such as Figure 4AAs shown. Packaging material (not shown), such as packing filler particles or bubble wrap, for example, may also be introduced into the package 42 to protect the contents 44 and / or the tracking device 20 from being damaged during shipping. In one embodiment, the tracking device 20 may be provided in a padded envelope (not shown) or other protective container prior to being introduced into the package 42. In another embodiment, the tracking device 20 may be secured to the inner wall of the package 42 (e.g., with a self-adhesive tape) to prevent the tracking device from moving freely within the package 42 during shipping. Once the tracking device 20 and contents 44 are provided in the package 42, the package 42 may be sealed for delivery.

[0025] Prior to shipping the package 42, the tracking device 20 may be assigned to the package 42 (i.e., put into use) such that it is operable to track the upcoming shipment of the package 42. Figure 4A As shown, the remote computing device 36a can be set at the shipper's location and can communicate with the tracking device 20, such as, for example, via short-range wireless communication, such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, or Wi-Fi; via long-range wireless communication, such as cellular communication; or via wired communication. In order to facilitate the assignment of the tracking device 20 to the package 42, a manifest can be generated for the package 42, the manifest providing unique details about the package 42 and / or the contents 44, such as, for example, the order number, the origin location (i.e., address), the destination location (i.e., address), the estimated time to arrive at the destination location, the registration of items to be included as the contents 44 of the package 42, the shipping method, and / or the size of the package 42. In one embodiment, the manifest can be generated by the remote computing device 36a, but in another embodiment, another remote computing device can generate the manifest and then transmit it to the remote computing device 36a. The remote computing device 36a can then upload the manifest (e.g., as manifest data) to the tracking device 20, which is received by the wireless communication module 24 of the tracking device 20 and then stored in the memory module 32. In one embodiment, the tracking device 20 may require the user to enter login credentials (e.g., using a username and password) at the remote computing device 36a before allowing communication with the tracking device 20. It should be understood that although the remote computing device 36a is illustrated as a smartphone, any of a variety of suitable alternative remote computing devices may be provided to communicate with the tracking device 20, such as, for example, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, or a standalone communication device (i.e., a device configured to communicate only with the tracking device 20).

[0026] Once the tracking device 20 is successfully assigned to the package 42, it can begin tracking the package 42, as will be described in further detail below. Figure 4B As shown, the package 42 can then be loaded onto a delivery vehicle 46 for shipment to the destination location. Figure 4BIn the figure, the delivery vehicle 46 is shown as a car, but other types of delivery vehicles are also contemplated, such as, for example, airplanes, trains, tractor trailers, or human messengers. It is also contemplated that a combination of different types of delivery vehicles can be utilized to help deliver the package 42 to the destination location.

[0027] During shipment of package 42 to a destination location, tracking device 20 may facilitate tracking of the location (e.g., geospatial location) of package 42 via location monitoring module 28. In one embodiment, tracking device 20 may periodically transmit the current location of package 42 to a remote computing device (e.g., 36) for display to a recipient to facilitate remote tracking (e.g., substantially real-time) of package 42. In one embodiment, tracking device 20 may transmit the location of package 42 via any of cellular communications or a suitable alternative long-range wireless network. In another embodiment, delivery vehicle 46 may include a repeater (not shown) that communicates with tracking device 20 via a short-range wireless network (e.g., Bluetooth) and transmits the location of package 42 via a long-range wireless network (such as, via cellular communications). In such embodiments, tracking device 20 may consume less power than when the location is transmitted directly via the long-range wireless network.

[0028] In one embodiment, tracking device 20 may know the predefined route of the shipment (e.g., from a manifest) and may compare the current route to the predefined route. When package 42 is on the predefined route, tracking device 20 may suppress communication of its current location. However, when tracking device 20 detects that package 42 has deviated from the predefined route, tracking device 20 may periodically communicate the location of package 42 to enable the user to locate it more easily. Thus, tracking device 20 is able to save power by only transmitting the location of package 42 when package 42 has deviated from the predefined route.

[0029] Tracking device 20 may additionally or alternatively periodically record the location of package 42 as historical location data in memory module 32 for use in historical analysis of the route of package 42 (e.g., to determine route inefficiencies, route anomalies, or to assess driver capabilities).

[0030] The tracking device 20 can understand the route of the package 42. During tracking the location of the package 42, the tracking device 20 can understand the predefined route from the manifest, the preloading of the manifest enables the tracking device to know its location path and decide for itself whether it has deviated from the route and therefore whether communication is required, thereby making it a smart device and saving battery power.

[0031] The tracking device 20 may also facilitate detection of motion-based forces, such as vibrations or shocks, experienced by the package 42 during transportation via the IMU module 26. In one embodiment, when the motion-based forces are excessive (e.g., relative to a threshold), such as when the package 42 is dropped or the delivery vehicle 46 is involved in an accident, a notification may be sent to the remote computing device 36 to indicate that the package 42 may have been damaged. In another embodiment, the motion-based forces may be periodically recorded in the memory module 32 as historical environmental data for historical analysis of the types of motion-based forces experienced by the package 42 during delivery. In one embodiment, the motion-based forces detected by the tracking device 20 may be used to determine the type of transportation method used during the transportation process (e.g., manual handling, cart, conveyor belt) to verify that the package 42 was properly handled during transportation. It should be understood that although data is described as being recorded in memory module 32, data collected by tracking device 20 may additionally or alternatively be recorded in a remote server (not shown) periodically during transportation (e.g., via long-range communications such as cellular communications) and / or once package 42 arrives at the destination location (e.g., via short-range communications).

[0032] like Figure 4C As shown, during the transportation of the package 42, the tracking device 20 can compare the current location with the destination location provided in the manifest to determine whether the package 42 has been successfully delivered to the destination location. In one embodiment, during the assignment of the tracking device 20 to the package 42 (e.g., from the manifest), a virtual geographic boundary (e.g., a geo-fence) can be established for the destination location. In such an embodiment, once the current location is within the geographic virtual boundary, the tracking device 20 can determine that the package 42 has been successfully delivered to the destination location. In another embodiment, geospatial information (e.g., geospatial coordinates) can be established for each current location and the destination location. In such an embodiment, once the geospatial information of the current location is within a predefined proximity range of the geospatial information of the destination location (e.g., within 100 feet), the tracking device 20 can determine that the package 42 has been successfully delivered to the destination location. In one embodiment, the geospatial information of the destination location can be established during the assignment of the tracking device 20, and the geospatial information of the current location can be established during the tracking of the package 42.

[0033] like Figure 4CAs shown, once the tracking device 20 determines that the package 42 has been successfully delivered to the destination location and the package 42 is in a stationary state, the tracking device 20 can enter a supervisory mode in which the tracking device monitors whether the package 42 is removed from the destination location without authorization (e.g., theft). When the tracking device 20 enters the supervisory mode, it can detect any movement of the package 42 from the stationary state (e.g., via the IMU module 26), which can indicate a potential unauthorized departure from the destination location, such as when the package is picked up or shaken. When such movement is detected, the tracking device 20 can then compare the current location with the destination location to determine whether the package 42 has left the destination location (e.g., relative to the virtual geographic boundary or the above-mentioned predefined proximity range). If the tracking device 20 determines that the package 42 has left the destination location, the tracking device 20 can send an alert to the remote computing device 36b and can continue to track the package 42. The tracking device 20 can transmit periodic updates of the current location of the package 42 to the remote computing device 36b until the package 42 is successfully retrieved. It should be understood that although remote computing device 36 b is illustrated as a smart phone, any of a variety of suitable alternative remote computing devices may be provided for communicating with tracking device 20 when package 42 is delivered, such as, for example, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, or a stand-alone communication device (i.e., a device configured solely for communicating with tracking device 20 at the destination location).

[0034] When the parcel 42 initially arrives at the destination location and is stationary, as determined by the tracking device 20, the tracking device 20 can enter a supervisory mode and can communicate with the remote computing device 36b (e.g., via the wireless communication module 24) to confirm the delivery status with the remote computing device 36b. If the remote computing device 36b is close enough to the destination location, the tracking device 20 can communicate with the remote computing device 36b via short-range communication (such as via Bluetooth, Zigbee, or Wi-Fi). In one embodiment, the list provided to the tracking device 20 may include login credentials for a Wi-Fi network located at the destination location. In such embodiments, when the parcel 42 is delivered to the destination location, the tracking device 20 can automatically log in to the Wi-Fi network at the destination location using the login credentials to enable communication with the remote computing device 36b via the Wi-Fi network. However, if the remote computing device 36b is not close enough to the destination location to use short-range communication, the tracking device 20 can send a confirmation to the remote computing device 36b via a long-range communication such as a cellular communication.

[0035] Figure 5. When package 42 is successfully delivered and tracking device 20 enters the supervision mode, tracking device 20 may query the intended recipient (e.g., via a graphical user interface (GUI) on remote computing device 36b) to confirm whether the package is in the recipient's hands (48). If the recipient confirms that package 42 is in the recipient's hands, tracking device 20 may cease operation in the supervision mode (50) and may send a delivery confirmation (52) to the shipper to notify the shipper that package 42 has been successfully delivered to the intended recipient. If the recipient indicates that package 42 is not in the recipient's hands, tracking device 20 may continue to operate in the supervision mode (54) until confirmation is received from the recipient. If the recipient does not provide any indication, tracking device 20 may continue to operate in the supervision mode (54). While in the supervision mode, tracking device 20 may continue to detect movement of package 42 (e.g., IMU module 26) (56). If the tracking device does not detect movement of package 42, it may remain in the supervision mode. In one embodiment, if tracking device 20 is in the supervisory mode and no movement is detected after a predefined time period has passed, it may enter a power saving mode (e.g., sleep) until it detects movement. When tracking device 20 detects movement, it may query the intended recipient (e.g., via a GUI on remote computing device 36b) to confirm whether the package is in the recipient's hands (58). If the recipient confirms that package 42 is in the recipient's hands, tracking device 20 may cease operation in the supervisory mode (50) and may send a delivery confirmation (52) to the shipper to notify the shipper that package 42 has been successfully delivered to the intended recipient. If the recipient indicates that package 42 is not in the recipient's hands, tracking device 20 may initiate tracking of package 42 (60). In one embodiment, remote computing device 36b may also display a message indicating that tracking has been initiated. If there is no response from the recipient within a predefined amount of time, tracking device 20 may initiate tracking of package 42 (60). During the tracking of package 42, a report may be sent to the police (62). Tracking device 20 may also send periodic updates of the current location of package 42 to remote computing device 36b, which may be displayed to the intended recipient.

[0036] Once the package 42 successfully reaches the recipient, the tracking device 20 can be removed from the package 42 and returned to the shipper (i.e., reverse logistics). An example of a method for returning the tracking device 20 is described in Figures 6A-6C , and will now be described. Fig. 6AAs shown in , the tracking device 20 may be provided in a padded envelope 66, which may be pre-printed with shipping information for returning the tracking device 20 to the shipper. In some embodiments, prior to shipping the package 42, the tracking device 20 may be provided in a padded envelope 66 to protect the tracking device 20 during shipping. Figure 6B As shown, the padded envelope 66 containing the tracking device 20 can then be shipped back to the shipper. Figure 6C As shown, once the padded envelope 66 arrives at the shipper's location, the tracking device 20 can be retrieved from the padded envelope 66. Alternatively, the tracking devices can be returned to the shipper in bulk. In an alternative embodiment, the tracking device 20 can be configured for a single use and discarded after the package 42 is delivered. The remote computing device 36c can communicate with the tracking device 20 and can query the user whether to erase the tracking device 20. If the user indicates that the tracking device 20 is to be erased, the remote computing device 36c can send a deprogramming instruction to the tracking device 20. In response to the deprogramming instruction, the tracking device 20 can erase the manifest data and any other data stored in the memory module 32 so that the tracking device 20 can be reassigned to another package. In one embodiment, the tracking device 20 can be reassigned to another package in a manner similar to that described above with reference to FIG. Figure 4A -4F facilitates tracking of return shipments of padded envelopes 66. It should be understood that while padded envelopes (such as 66) are shown and described, any of a variety of suitable alternative protective containers are contemplated.

[0037] In one embodiment, the tracking device 20 may require the user to enter login credentials (e.g., using a username and password) at the remote computing device 36 c before allowing deprogramming of the tracking device 20. It should be understood that although the remote computing device 36 c is illustrated as a smartphone, any of a variety of suitable alternative remote computing devices may be provided to communicate with the tracking device 20, such as, for example, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, or a standalone communication device (i.e., a device configured solely for communicating with the tracking device 20).

[0038] View now Figure 7-9G , shows an alternative embodiment of the tracking device 120, which is secured to a reusable tote-type package 143 (hereinafter referred to as a "tote"). Figure 7As shown, the transport box 143 may include a container 169 and a pair of closure flaps 170, which can be selectively opened and closed relative to the container 169. The closure flaps 170 may include interlocking portions 171, which interlock with each other when the closure flaps 170 are closed to provide a substantially rigid closure therebetween. When provided in a stacked arrangement, the transport box 143 can be configured to interlock with other similarly configured transport boxes. In one embodiment, the transport box 143 can be formed of a high-density thermoplastic material, but any of a variety of suitable alternative materials can be considered, such as, for example, a high-density elastic material, metal or wood. In one embodiment, the transport box 143 can include an insulated container (e.g., for cold chain shipment). It should be understood that the transport box 143 can have any of a variety of suitable alternative physical configurations. For example, the transport box 143 can have a cover that can be removed from a container (e.g., 169), and the tracking device 120 can be fastened to the container.

[0039] The tracking device 120 can be releasably coupled to the tote 143, such that the tracking device 120 can remain with the tote 143 during multiple shipments of the tote 143, but can still be removed (e.g., to allow maintenance or replacement of the tracking device 120). In one embodiment, the tracking device 120 can be releasably coupled to the tote 143 via a self-adhesive or hook-and-loop fastening arrangement. In another embodiment, the tracking device 120 can be slidably received within a compartment (not shown) defined by the tote 143. It should be understood that the tracking device 120 can be releasably coupled to the tote 143 in any of a variety of suitable alternative arrangements. In alternative embodiments, the tracking device 120 can be permanently secured to the tote 143, such as by heat welding, for example. In one embodiment, the tracking device 120 can be embedded in the tote 143 (e.g., integrally formed with the tote 143), such that the tote 143 acts as a housing (e.g., 40) for the tracking device 120.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the tracking device 120 can be coupled to one of the closure flaps 170 so that the tracking device 120 is easily accessible when the closure flap 170 is open, and the tracking device 120 is contained within the tote 143 when the closure flap 170 is closed. However, it should be understood that the tracking device can be provided at any of a number of suitable locations on the tote 143.

[0041] Tracking device 120 can be used in many ways Figure 1-6C The tracking device 20 shown in FIG. Figure 8As shown, the tracking device 120 may include a power module 122, a wireless communication module 124, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) module 126, a position monitoring module 128, a microprocessor 130 (e.g., a processor), and a memory module 132. The wireless communication module 124 may facilitate communication with a remote computing device 136. However, the tracking device 120 may also include a light sensor 172, a temperature sensor 173, and a radio frequency identification (RFID) communication module 174.

[0042] Light sensor 172 may be configured to detect exposure of tracking device 120 to light, and may include, for example, a photoresistor, a photodiode, and / or a phototransistor. Light sensor 172 may help detect the opening and closing of tote 143 based on the amount of light exposure inside tote 143. Specifically, when closure flap 170 is closed, tracking device 120 may detect the closing of tote 143 based on a decrease in light detected by light sensor 172. When closure flap 170 is open, tracking device 120 may detect the opening of tote 143 based on an increase in light detected by light sensor 172.

[0043] Temperature sensor 173 may be configured to detect the internal temperature of tote 143 (e.g., the temperature within container 169), and may include, for example, a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector, a thermistor, and / or a thermal diode integrated circuit. It should be understood that tracking device 120 may additionally or alternatively include other types of environmental sensors for detecting different environmental conditions within tote 143, such as, for example, a humidity sensor, a radiation sensor, an air quality / contaminant sensor, and / or a microphone.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment, tracking device 120 may include a fire detection module (not shown) configured to facilitate detection of the presence of a fire on or near tote 143. The fire detection module may be configured to detect heat, smoke, carbon monoxide, or any other environmental condition that may be indicative of a fire. If tracking device 120 detects the presence of a fire, tracking device 120 may send an alert to a remote computing device (e.g., 136), which may facilitate a rapid response to control / extinguish the fire. Thus, tracking device 120 may aid in quickly containing the fire, which may help mitigate substantial damage to tote 143 and / or the entire cargo.

[0045] RFID communication module 174 can be configured to interrogate RFID tags located in tote 143, as will be described in further detail below. In one embodiment, RFID communication module 174 can include an RFID reader. In another embodiment, RFID communication module 174 can include an RFID transceiver.

[0046] Tracking device 120 may be configured to be selectively programmed (e.g., by remote computing device 136) to enable or disable different ones of IMU module 126, position monitoring module 128, light sensor 172, temperature sensor 173, and RFID communication module 174 for an upcoming shipment. The selection of which of IMU module 126, position monitoring module 128, light sensor 172, temperature sensor 173, and RFID communication module 174 to enable or disable may depend on the type of contents to be transported in tote 143 and / or the nature of the tracking to be employed for tote 143. If the movement of tote 143 is to be monitored, IMU module 126 may be enabled. If the location of tote 143 is to be tracked, position monitoring module 128 may be enabled. If the opening of tote 143 is to be monitored during transport, light sensor 172 may be enabled. If the contents are to be transported in a temperature-controlled environment, temperature sensor 173 may be enabled. If the contents are provided with RFID tags, RFID communication module 174 may be enabled to facilitate interrogation of the RFID tags. The tracking device 120 can thus be provided as a universal tracking device that can be uniquely programmed to accommodate a wide range of different shipping scenarios. Thus, the tracking device 120 can be more cost-effective and easier to implement than conventional single-purpose tracking devices. Additionally, by selectively deactivating components that are not used for a particular shipment, the overall power consumption of the tracking device 120 can be reduced, which can extend battery life, allowing the tracking device 120 to have a longer life for longer shipping routes.

[0047] View now Figures 9A-9G , one example of a method for preparing a tote 143 for shipment and tracking the tote 143 with the tracking device 120 is shown and will now be discussed. First, a manifest may be generated for the shipment and assigned to the tote 143. In one embodiment, the manifest may be assigned to the tote 143 by including a unique ID of the tote 143 in the manifest. Programming information for the tracking device 120 may then be generated for the tote 143, the programming information specifying which of the IMU module 126, the position monitoring module 128, the light sensor 172, the temperature sensor 173, and the RFID communication module 174 should be enabled or disabled for the shipment of the tote 143. As shown in FIG. Fig. 9AAs shown, the remote computing device 136a can communicate with the tracking device 120 via short-range wireless communication such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, or Wi-Fi (e.g., when the remote computing device 136a is close to the tracking device 120), via long-range wireless communication such as cellular communication (e.g., when the remote computing device 136a is far away from the tracking device 120), or via wired communication. The programming information can be loaded onto the remote computing device 136a and uploaded to the tracking device 120 for programming the tracking device 120. In one embodiment, the programming information can be generated by the remote computing device 136a, but in another embodiment, another remote computing device can generate the programming information and then send it to the remote computing device 136a. The tracking device 120 can receive the programming information (via the wireless communication module 124), and can then enable or disable each of the IMU module 126, the position monitoring module 128, the light sensor 172, the temperature sensor 173, and the RFID communication module 174 based on the programming information. For purposes of this discussion, the tracking device 120 may be programmed such that each of the IMU module 126, the position monitoring module 128, the light sensor 172, the temperature sensor 173, and the RFID communication module 174 are enabled. In one embodiment, the tracking device 120 may require the user to enter login credentials (e.g., using a username and password) at the remote computing device 136a before allowing communication with the tracking device 120.

[0048] like Fig. 9B As shown, once the tracking device 120 has been successfully programmed, the tote 143 may be filled with the items 144 (e.g., contents) listed on the manifest assigned to the tote 143. Each item 144 may include an RFID tag 176 that includes a unique ID and identifying information about the item 144 to which it is attached (e.g., product name, manufacturer, date of manufacture, batch number, and SKU). The unique ID and identifying information about each item may be included in the manifest. Fig. 9C As shown, the manifest may then be uploaded by remote computing device 136a to tracking device 120. It should be understood that while the same remote computing device is shown for uploading programming information and manifests to tracking device, in some embodiments, different remote computing devices may upload programming information and manifests to tracking device 120.

[0049] Once the list is uploaded to the tracking device 120, the RFID communication module 174 can interrogate the RFID tag 176 of each item 144, such as Fig.9DAs shown, to take inventory of which items 144 have been placed in the tote 143. The tracking device 120 can then compare the items 144 identified by the RFID communication module 174 with the items listed on the manifest. If any of the items listed on the manifest are missing from the tote 143, the tracking device 120 can send an alert to the remote computing device 136a indicating that the inventory in the tote 143 does not match the manifest. The tote 143 can then be retrieved and the inventory error can be corrected. Once all items listed on the manifest (e.g., 144) are included in the tote 143, the tote 143 can be ready for shipment.

[0050] Although the inventory is described above as being uploaded to the tracking device after filling the tote 143, the inventory may alternatively be uploaded to the tracking device 120 before filling the tote 143. In such embodiments, when the items 144 are placed in the tote (or shortly thereafter), the RFID communication module 174 may inventory the items 144. When the closure flap 170 is closed, the tracking device 120 may detect that the tote 143 is now closed (via the light sensor 172), and may compare the inventory to the inventory to determine if any items (e.g., 144) are missing from the tote 143.

[0051] In one embodiment, Fig.9E As shown, the tote 143 can be stacked on a pallet 178 with other totes having their own tracking devices (e.g., 120). The pallet 178 can include an RFID communication device 180, and each tote can include an RFID tag (not shown) that includes a unique ID. The RFID communication device 180 itself can be configured to act as a tracking device, and can be provided with a list identifying specific totes to be included on the pallet 178. The RFID communication device 180 can interrogate the RFID tags on the tote to take inventory of which totes are included on the pallet 178. The RFID communication device 180 can compare the inventory with the list. If a tote is missing, the RFID communication device 180 can send an alert (e.g., to a remote computing device 136a), and the pallet 178 can be prevented from being transported until the missing tote is loaded onto the pallet 178.

[0052] Once the pallet is ready to be transported to the destination location, it can be loaded into a delivery vehicle 146 for shipment. Fig.9F146 is shown as a car, but other types of delivery vehicles are also contemplated, such as airplanes, trains, tractor trailers, or human couriers. It is also contemplated that a combination of different types of delivery vehicles may be utilized to help deliver tote 143 to the destination location. In one embodiment, delivery vehicle 146 may include a repeater 181 configured to communicate with tracking device 120 and / or RFID communication device 180 via a short-range wireless network (e.g., Bluetooth), and to send the communication to a remote computing device (e.g., 136a) via a long-range wireless network (e.g., via cellular communications).

[0053] During shipment of tote 143 to a destination location, tracking device 120 may facilitate tracking of the location (e.g., geospatial location) of tote 143 in a manner similar to that described above with respect to tracking device 20. Tracking device 120 may detect the opening of tote 143 relative to the current location of tote 143. If tracking device 120 detects that tote 143 has been opened (via light sensor 172) prior to delivery to the destination location (e.g., determined in a manner similar to that described above with respect to tracking device 20), tracking device 120 may send an alert to a remote computing device (e.g., 136a) indicating that tote 143 has been opened prior to delivery. In one embodiment, the alert may be sent substantially in real time (e.g., via remote communication). In another embodiment, once tote 143 arrives at the destination location, the alert may be recorded in memory module 132 for transmission to a remote computing device (e.g., via short-range communication).

[0054] Tracking device 120 can be configured to periodically record the temperature of tote 143 detected by temperature sensor 173 during transportation (e.g., in memory module 132 or in a remote server via remote communication) to generate a historical temperature report of tote 143. If the temperature inside tote 143 reaches a dangerous level (e.g., specified by the manifest) for item 144, tracking device 120 can send an alert to a remote computing device (e.g., 136a). In one embodiment, tracking device 120 can predict an over-temperature condition from the historical report and send an alert before the over-temperature condition occurs.

[0055] Tracking device 120 may be configured to periodically record the motion-based forces detected by IMU module 126 that tote 143 experiences during transport (e.g., in memory module 132 or in a remote server via remote communication) to generate a historical report of the different magnitudes and types of motions experienced by tote 143 during transport. If the motion-based forces reach a dangerous level for item 144 (e.g., specified by the manifest), tracking device 120 may send an alert to a remote computing device (e.g., 136a). In one embodiment, tracking device 120 may be configured to determine when a dangerous event occurs based on the motion-based forces detected by IMU module 126, such as, for example, a collision of delivery vehicle 146, a pothole encountered by delivery vehicle 146, or a drop of tote 143. When it is determined that a dangerous event has occurred, tracking device 120 may send an alert to a remote computing device (e.g., 136a) indicating that a dangerous event has occurred (e.g., recorded substantially in real time or once tote 143 arrives at the destination location).

[0056] Tracking device 120 may be configured to periodically interrogate totes 143 using RFID communication module 174 during transport to confirm whether any items 144 listed on the manifest are missing from totes 143 (e.g., inventory audit). If any items 144 listed on the manifest are missing from totes 143, tracking device 120 may send an alert to a remote computing device (e.g., 136a) indicating that the inventory in totes 143 does not match the manifest. In some embodiments, when tracking device 120 interrogates totes 143, any adjacent RFID tags (e.g., from adjacent totes on pallet 178) may also be inadvertently interrogated. In these embodiments, tracking device 120 may be configured to only recognize response signals from RFID tags 176 of items 144 listed on the manifest, thereby ignoring stray response signals from any adjacent RFID tags.

[0057] Tracking device 120 may conduct an inventory audit in response to certain triggering events, such as, for example, when a tote undergoes certain types of movement (as detected by IMU module 126), when the interior of tote 143 reaches a certain temperature (as detected by temperature sensor 173), at a certain destination on a route (as detected by location monitoring module 128), or when a hazardous situation occurs. In one embodiment, tracking device 120 may conduct an inventory audit when tote 143 is opened (as detected by light sensor 172). In alternative embodiments, tracking device 120 may conduct an inventory audit at random times and / or according to a predefined schedule.

[0058] Tracking device 120 may record inventory audits (e.g., in memory module 132 or a remote server) to create a chain of custody (e.g., a chain of custody log) for items 144. During each inventory audit, additional information such as environmental conditions (e.g., motion-based forces and / or temperature of tote 143) and / or geospatial location may be included in the chain of custody log.

[0059] When tote 143 is delivered to the destination location, tracking device 120 can determine that a successful delivery has occurred and can enter an administrative mode (e.g., in a manner similar to that described above with respect to tracking device 20). While in administrative mode, tracking device 120 can continue to perform inventory audits, detect the opening and closing of tote 143, and / or detect other conditions (e.g., hazardous conditions). Once tote 143 is successfully in the hands of the recipient, administrative mode can be terminated (e.g., by the recipient). Tote 143 can then be opened and items 144 can be removed from tote 143, as described above. Figure 9G As shown. The tracking device 120 may then upload data related to the delivery to the remote computing device 136b, such as historical reports, alerts generated during transportation, and / or a chain of custody log. The remote computing device 136b may then request confirmation whether to erase the tracking device 120. If the recipient indicates that the tracking device 120 is to be erased, the remote computing device 136b may send a deprogramming instruction to the tracking device 120, which in response erases the programming information, manifest data, and any other data stored in the memory module 132. The tote 143 may then be reused by the recipient for another shipment, or may be returned to the shipper. In embodiments where the tote 143 is returned to the shipper, the tracking device 120 may not be deprogrammed until the shipper receives the tote 143.

[0060] It should be understood that while tracking device 120 is shown and described as being associated with tote 143, it should be understood that tracking device 120 may be a stand-alone device (eg, similar to tracking device 20) or may be associated with other transport components, such as a pallet.

[0061] View now Figures 10A-10K , an example of a method for tracking a pharmaceutical product through a pharmaceutical distribution channel is shown and will now be discussed. It should be understood that the method for tracking a pharmaceutical product may incorporate tracking techniques similar to those described above with respect to tracking devices 20, 120. First, as Fig. 10A As shown, a drug manufacturer may provide drug 244a (e.g., contents) in package 242 to fulfill a purchase order from a drug wholesale distributor (e.g., Fig. 10E The drug 244a may include an RFID tag 276. Fig. 10B As shown, tracking device 220a can be programmed and / or assigned to package 242 using remote communication device 236a. Tracking device 220a can be used in many ways with Figure 1-6C and Figure 7-9G The tracking devices 20 and 120 shown in FIGS. 20 and 20 are similar or identical. For example, the tracking device 220a may include an RFID communication module (e.g., 174) for interrogating the RFID tag 276. Fig. 10C As shown, tracking device 220a may be attached to package 242, and package 242 may be sealed for transport. Fig. 10D As shown, package 242 can be stacked on pallet 278a along with other packages. Fig. 10E As shown, pallet 278a may be provided in delivery vehicle 246a for delivery to wholesale pharmaceutical distributor 282. During the transportation of package 242 to wholesale pharmaceutical distributor 282, tracking device 220a may track package 242. As part of the tracking, tracking device 220a may conduct periodic inventory audits to generate a chain of custody log for the shipped medication 244a. Once package 242 has been successfully delivered to wholesale pharmaceutical distributor 282, tracking device 220a may communicate with remote computing device 236b, such as Fig.10F 244a) to confirm that package 242 has been properly received at wholesale drug distributor 282 (e.g., by confirming delivery with the user and terminating operation in custody mode). Tracking device 220a may also upload a chain of custody log of drug 244a to a remote server (not shown) (e.g., via remote computing device 236b) along with any other relevant data collected during delivery (e.g., environmental data and / or alerts). Tracking device 220a and drug 244a may be removed from package 242 at wholesale drug distributor 282, as shown. Fig.10F As shown, the drug 244a may be placed into inventory 284 at a wholesale drug distributor 282 and the tracking device 220a may be returned to the drug manufacturer.

[0062] like Figure 10G As shown, in response to an order from a pharmacy, medication 244b (which may include some medication 244a shipped from a pharmacy manufacturer) may be retrieved from inventory 284 at a drug wholesale distributor (e.g., 282). The medication 244b may be provided in a tote 243 that is similar in many respects to the tote 243. Figure 7-9G Tracking device 220b may be provided in tote 243 and may be similar or identical in many respects to tracking device 220a. Fig. 10HAs shown, the tracking device 220b can be programmed and / or assigned to the tote 243 by the remote communication device 236c. Once the tracking device 220b is successfully programmed and / or assigned to the tote 243, the tracking device 220b can begin to interrogate the RFID tags 276 on the drugs 244b (e.g., to conduct an inventory audit), such as Fig.10I As shown. Fig.10J As shown, totes 243 may be palletized with other totes on a pallet 278b. The pallet 278b may include an RFID communication device 280 that may interrogate the pallet 278b to inventory which totes are included on the pallet 278b.

[0063] like Figure 10K As shown, the pallet 278b can be provided in a delivery vehicle 246b for delivery to one of a private pharmacy 286, a retail distribution facility 288, or a direct-to-consumer facility 290 (collectively referred to as a "retail distributor"). During the transportation of the tote 243 to one of the retail distributors 286, 288, 290, the tracking device 220b can generate a chain of custody log for the drug 244b. Once the tote 243 has been successfully delivered to one of the retail distributors 286, 288, 290, the tracking device 220b can communicate with a remote computing device (not shown) to confirm that the tote 243 has been properly received at the retail distributor (e.g., 286, 288, 290). The tracking device 220b can also upload the chain of custody log for the drug 244b to a remote server (not shown) (e.g., via a remote computing device 236b) and any other relevant data collected during delivery (e.g., environmental data and / or alarms).

[0064] When the tote 243 is delivered to the private pharmacy 286, the medicine 244b can be removed from the tote 243, and the tote 243 can be returned to the drug wholesale distributor 282. Then, the pharmacist of the private pharmacy 286 can promote the distribution of medicine 244b to the customer. When the tote 243 is delivered to the retail distribution facility 288, the medicine 244b can be removed from the tote 243, placed in inventory, and finally transported to the retail pharmacy 292. Alternatively, the medicine 244b can be retained in the tote 243, and the tote 243 can be transported to the retail pharmacy 292. In either case, the shipment to the retail pharmacy 292 can be tracked with a tracking device that generates a chain of custody log for the items in the shipment. When the goods arrive at the retail pharmacy 292, the chain of custody log can be uploaded to a remote server (not shown) (e.g., via a remote computing device), and the tracking device and / or the tote can be returned to the drug wholesale distributor 282. A pharmacist at retail pharmacy 292 can then facilitate dispensing of items from the shipment to the customer.

[0065] When the tote 243 is delivered to the direct-to-consumer facility 290, the medicine 244b can be removed from the tote 243, placed in inventory, and the tote 243 can be returned to the drug wholesale distributor 282. Then, the pharmacist at the direct-to-consumer facility 290 can facilitate the shipment of one or more medicines 244b to the customer's home 294 to fulfill the customer's prescription. The shipment to the customer's home 294 can be tracked with a tracking device (e.g., 20) that generates a chain of custody log for the items in the shipment. When the goods arrive at the customer's home, the chain of custody log can be uploaded to a remote server (not shown) (e.g., via a remote computing device), and the tracking device can be returned to the direct-to-consumer facility 290. It should be understood that although the chain of custody log and other data are described as being uploaded to the remote server at the time of delivery, the chain of custody log and other data can be uploaded to the remote server periodically during shipment (e.g., via remote communication).

[0066] As the remote server accumulates chain of custody logs for different shipments of items along the pharmaceutical distribution channel (e.g., from the pharmaceutical manufacturer to the pharmacist (or customer in a direct-to-consumer distribution channel)), a separate chain of custody (including various conditions and alarms detected by the tracking device after the item leaves the pharmaceutical manufacturer) can be generated for each item from the chain of custody log. By establishing a unique chain of custody for each item, the pharmaceutical manufacturer can control and maintain the supply chain more effectively, more economically, and more efficiently than the current pharmacy supply chain.

[0067] View now Fig.11 , one example of a method for tracking wine from a wine merchant is shown and will now be discussed. It should be understood that the method for tracking wine may incorporate tracking techniques similar to those described above with respect to tracking devices 20, 120. For example, first, wine 344 may be provided in package 342 along with tracking device 320, which may be similar in many respects to the method described above with respect to tracking devices 20, 120. Figure 1-6C and Figure 7-9G 342 . Tracking device 320 may be similar or identical to tracking devices 20, 120 shown in FIG. 342 , respectively. Tracking device 320 may be attached to package 342, and package 342 may be enclosed for transportation. Package 342 may be palletized on pallet 378 with other packages and provided in delivery vehicle 346 for delivery to the retailer. During the transportation of package 342 to the retailer, tracking device 320 may track the temperature of package 342 and the interior of the package. When package 342 is delivered to the destination location, tracking device 320 may upload data collected during shipment (e.g., historical temperature reports) to a remote computing device.

[0068] View now Fig.12, shows an example of a method for tracking beer kegs 444 that have been returned to a distributor, and will now be described. Each beer keg 444 may be provided with a tracking device 420 that may be used in many ways with the keg. Figure 1-6C and Figure 7-9G 444 are similar or identical to the tracking devices 20 and 120 shown respectively in . When the beer kegs 444 are returned to the distributor, the inventory management system 496 at the distributor can detect their arrival via the tracking device 420. Once enough beer kegs 444 have been returned to the distributor to fill the delivery vehicle 446, a notification is transmitted to the logistics management system 498 via the network 497, and the logistics management system can arrange for the delivery vehicle 446 to carry the beer kegs 444 to be delivered to the filler (e.g., brewer). Therefore, compared with conventional inventory management systems, the filler can track its deployed beer keg inventory more accurately and can retrieve the returned beer kegs more quickly. Thus, less filling machine inventory is left at the distributor, which can allow the filler to have a smaller beer keg inventory, thereby providing cost savings for the filler.

[0069] It should be understood that although the tracking device is described as being used in the pharmaceutical, wine and beer industries, the tracking device (e.g., 20, 120) can be used in any of a variety of other distribution chains for tracking product shipments. It should also be understood that the tracking device described herein provides a cost-effective solution that provides multiple different tracking features in a single device. The tracking device can provide shippers with the ability to track the transportation of high-value, vulnerable, regulated products (e.g., drugs), the ability to detect and recover stolen goods, and / or the ability to detect shocks, vibrations, temperatures, and other environmental conditions in substantially real time during delivery, which is more cost-effective than conventional arrangements. In addition, the tracking device can enable shippers to control their supply chain more effectively than conventional methods. For example, a shipper can use a tracking device to identify a specific package that may have been damaged during shipment (e.g., due to the occurrence of a dangerous condition) and remove a separate package from the supply chain instead of removing the entire shipment. A shipper can also use a tracking device to predict the occurrence of a dangerous condition (e.g., temperature rise) that may occur and take mitigation measures to prevent the occurrence of a dangerous condition. Additionally, shippers can use the data collected by tracking devices for different shipments to evaluate the comparative efficiency of a particular shipping method relative to another shipping method (e.g., to select the best supplier for a particular shipping method). In yet another example, shippers can use tracking devices to help prevent and detect counterfeiting.

[0070] It should be understood that the processes associated with the present embodiment can be performed by a programmable device such as a computer. Software or other instruction sets that can be used to cause a programmable device to perform these processes can be stored in any storage device, such as, for example, a computer system (non-volatile) memory, an optical disk, a tape, or a disk. In addition, some processes can be programmed when the computer system is manufactured or via a computer-readable storage medium.

[0071] It is also understood that certain process aspects described herein can be performed using instructions stored on a computer-readable memory medium or a medium that directs a computer or computer system to perform process steps. Computer-readable media can include, for example, memory devices such as floppy disks, compact disks of read-only and read / write types, optical drives, and hard drives. Non-transitory computer-readable media can also include memory devices that can be physical, virtual, permanent, temporary, semi-permanent, and / or semi-temporary.

[0072] A "computer," "remote computer," "remote computing device," "computer system," "host," "engine," or "processor" may be, for example, but not limited to, a processor, a microcomputer, a microcomputer, a server, a mainframe, a laptop computer, a personal data assistant (PDA), a wireless email device, a cellular phone, a pager, a processor, a fax machine, a scanner, or any other programmable device configured to transmit and / or receive data over a network. The computer systems and computer-based devices disclosed herein may include memory for storing certain software applications used in obtaining, processing, and communicating information. It will be understood that such memory may be internal or external with respect to the operation of the disclosed embodiments. Memory may also include any device for storing software, including a hard disk, an optical disk, a floppy disk, a ROM (read-only memory), a RAM (random access memory), a PROM (programmable ROM), an EEPROM (electrically erasable PROM), and / or other computer-readable memory media.

[0073] In various embodiments of the present invention, a single component can be replaced by multiple components, and multiple components can be replaced by a single component to perform a given one or more functions. Except for the case where such substitution is invalid for practicing embodiments of the present invention, such substitution is within the scope of the present invention. For example, any server described herein can be replaced by a "server group" or other networked server groups (e.g., a group of server blades) positioned and configured for collaborative functions. It is understood that a server group can be used to distribute workloads between / among the individual components of the group, and can accelerate the computing process by utilizing the collective and collaborative capabilities of multiple servers. Such server groups can use load balancing software to complete tasks, such as, for example, tracking the needs of different machines for processing power, prioritizing and scheduling tasks based on network requirements, and / or providing backup emergency in the event of component failure or reduced operability.

[0074] Generally, it is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that the various embodiments described herein or parts or portions thereof can be implemented in many different embodiments of software, firmware and / or hardware or its modules. Software code or dedicated control hardware used to implement some embodiments of the present invention do not limit the present invention. Such software can be stored on any type of suitable computer-readable medium, such as, for example, magnetic or optical storage media. Therefore, the operation and behavior of the embodiments are described without specific reference to actual software code or dedicated hardware components. It is feasible without such specific references because it can be clearly understood that ordinary technicians can design software and control hardware to implement embodiments of the present disclosure based on the description herein, only with reasonable effort and without excessive experimentation.

[0075] In various embodiments, the systems and methods described herein may be configured and / or programmed to include one or more of the above-mentioned electronic, computer-based elements and components. In addition, these elements and components may be specifically configured to perform various rules, algorithms, procedures, processes and method steps described herein.

[0076] The foregoing description of the embodiments and examples has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the forms described. In light of the above teachings, many modifications are possible. Some of these modifications have been discussed, and those skilled in the art will understand other modifications. The embodiments are selected and described to illustrate various embodiments. Of course, the scope is not limited to the examples or embodiments set forth herein, but can be used by those of ordinary skill in the art in any number of applications and equivalent devices. On the contrary, it is intended that the scope be limited by the appended claims. In addition, for any method claimed and / or described, whether or not the method is described in conjunction with a flowchart, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified or required by the context, any explicit or implicit ordering of the steps performed in the execution of the method does not mean that the steps must be performed in the order presented, and can be performed in a different order or in parallel.

Claims

1. A method of tracking a package using a tracking device associated with the package, the method comprising: receiving, by the tracking device, manifest data including a destination location of the package; detecting, by the tracking device, the current location of the package; determining, by the tracking device, delivery of the package to the destination location based on the current location; determining, by the tracking device, a deviation of the package from the destination location based on the current location; sending, by the tracking device, a first alert to a remote computing device in response to the deviation of the package from the destination location; determining, by the tracking device, opening of the package; comparing, by the tracking device, the current location with the destination location; determining, by the tracking device, whether the package has been opened at a location other than the destination location; as well as In response to determining that the package has been opened at a location different from the destination location, a second alert is sent by the tracking device to a remote computing device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining delivery of the package to the destination location comprises: establishing virtual geographic boundaries of the destination location; and A determination is made as to when the current location of the package is within the virtual geographic boundary.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Determining the deviation of the package from the destination location includes determining when the current location of the package is outside the virtual geographic boundary.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining delivery of the package to the destination location includes determining when the geospatial information of the current location is within a predefined proximity of the geospatial information of the destination location.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: Determining the deviation of the package from the destination location includes determining when the geospatial information of the current location is outside of a predefined proximity of the geospatial information of the destination location.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The geospatial information includes geographic coordinates.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the tracking device, the current location to a remote computing device in response to the deviation of the package from the destination location.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, by the tracking device, a confirmation of the first alert from a user of the remote computing device.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising terminating, by the tracking device, sending of the first alert after receiving a confirmation of the first alert from a user.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting, by the tracking device, an environmental condition associated with the package.

11. The method according to claim 10, further comprising: comparing, by the tracking device, the environmental condition to a predefined threshold; and In response to the comparison of the environmental condition to the predefined threshold, a third alert is sent by the tracking device to the remote computing device.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising sending, by the tracking device, the environmental condition to the remote computing device.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The environmental conditions include one or more of temperature, motion, vibration, and light.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining that the package is opened comprises: detecting light intensity inside the package; and It is determined when the light intensity exceeds a predefined threshold.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining whether the package has been opened at a location different than the destination location comprises: establishing virtual geographic boundaries of the destination location; and A determination is made as to whether the current location of the package is within the virtual geographic boundary.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining whether the package has been opened at a location different from the destination location includes determining whether the geospatial information of the current location is outside a predefined proximity of the geospatial information of the destination location.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein: The geospatial information includes geographic coordinates.

18. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the tracking device, inventory data including a registration assigned to contents of the package; detecting, by the tracking device, the contents of the package; after opening the package, comparing, by the tracking device, the contents of the package with the registry; as well as A notification is sent by the tracking device to a remote computing device identifying which contents are missing from the package.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein: Detecting the contents of the package comprises: transmitting, by the tracking device, an interrogator signal to the contents of the package; and A response signal is received by the tracking device from a radio frequency identification tag located on each item of the contents of the package.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: Comparing the contents of the package to the registry includes comparing, by the tracking device, a unique identifier from each radio frequency identification tag to a list of unique identifiers from the registry.

Images