A mechanical flux-adjusting transverse flux permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a transverse flux permanent magnet motor with mechanical magnetic field regulation, which includes a stator core arranged in a rotary manner with the motor axis as the center; the stator core corresponds to the rotor core to form a magnetic flux path in the plane of the motor axis; the side of the stator core is open; a permanent magnet is respectively arranged on the same side of the annular bodies on both sides of the opening; the rotor core is a semi-annular body; the two ends of the semi-annular body are respectively in corresponding contact with any one permanent magnet and the opening end far away from the permanent magnet to form a closed magnetic flux path; the stator core and the rotor core of two adjacent magnetic flux paths are docked based on different permanent magnets; the magnetic field regulation assembly includes: a magnetic field regulation tray and a magnetic field regulation block; the magnetic field regulation tray is provided with a groove for guiding the centrifugal displacement of the magnetic field regulation block; the magnetic field regulation block is centrifugally displaced to the edge of the magnetic field regulation tray and forms a magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet on the stator core to generate magnetic leakage. The present invention is assembled by modular iron cores, has a simple structure, is beneficial to processing, and reduces production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motors with mechanical flux regulation, and particularly to a transverse flux permanent magnet motor with mechanical flux regulation. Background Art

[0002] Compared with conventional AC motors, transverse flux permanent magnet motors have the characteristics of high output torque, flexible design, modular structure, and easy implementation of multi-phase and multi-pole. They have good application prospects in the field of direct drive power and have become an important branch of new special motor structures. However, transverse flux permanent magnet motors have the inherent characteristics of permanent magnet motors, that is, the permanent magnet flux is difficult to adjust, and the speed regulation range of the motor is limited. Therefore, when the motor operates at high speed, field weakening of the motor is required. Currently, there are two common methods. One is to increase the direct-axis field weakening current to reduce the air-gap magnetic field; the other is to add an excitation winding to apply a demagnetizing current to the motor at high speed. However, both of the above methods increase the stator current to varying degrees, increase the copper loss, and reduce the motor efficiency and power factor.

[0003] Mechanical flux regulation is based on the relationship between the motion mode of the mechanical flux regulation device and the operating conditions of the motor, changes the air-gap magnetic flux between the flux regulation device and the permanent magnet, and forms different degrees of leakage flux to achieve the purpose of effectively broadening the speed regulation range of the motor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a transverse flux permanent magnet motor with mechanical flux regulation, which solves the problem of adjusting the motor flux.

[0005] The structure of the transverse flux permanent magnet motor with mechanical flux regulation involved in this solution includes:

[0006] A stator part, where the stator core is arranged in a rotary pattern centered on the motor axis;

[0007] A rotor part, where the rotor core is arranged in a rotary pattern corresponding to the stator core;

[0008] An armature winding, which sequentially passes through the rotor core to form a closed loop;

[0009] The stator core is implemented as an annular body with an opening on the side. A permanent magnet is arranged on the same side edge of the annular body on both sides of the opening. Specifically, the stator core is a columnar body with a fan-shaped axial end face contour, and a rectangular contour annular body is cut through in the middle of the columnar body. An opening is provided on the side near the rotor of the annular body, and raised tooth parts are formed at both ends of the opening. The tooth parts and the permanent magnet are on the same axis.

[0010] The rotor core is implemented as a semi - annular body. The two end portions of the semi - annular body respectively come into corresponding contact with any permanent magnet and the open end far from the permanent magnet to form a closed magnetic flux path. Therefore, the stator core forms a magnetic flux path in the plane of the motor axis corresponding to the rotor core.

[0011] In this solution, the stator core is in a C - shape and is arranged in a circumferential and uniform rotation arrangement. There is an opening on the inner side of each C - shaped stator core close to the rotor, and a protruding tooth is formed at the end of the opening. At the same time, tooth - shaped permanent magnets are arranged on the stator cores on both sides of the opening. Therefore, the four teeth are on the same axis. The permanent magnets on the same stator core are all radially magnetized and have the same magnetization direction.

[0012] The rotor core is also in a C - shape, and the number of rotor cores is the same as that of stator cores. The two end portions of the rotor core respectively come into corresponding contact with any permanent magnet and the open end far from the permanent magnet to form a closed magnetic flux path.

[0013] Adjacent pairs of stator cores and rotor cores are docked based on different permanent magnets. Therefore, adjacent rotor cores are arranged in a staggered high - low pattern by docking to permanent magnets at different heights on the corresponding stator cores.

[0014] Magnetic field adjustment devices are provided at both axial ends of the motor. The magnetic field adjustment device consists of a magnetic field adjustment tray and magnetic field adjustment blocks. The magnetic field adjustment blocks are made of magnetic conductive materials. The magnetic field adjustment tray rotates with the rotor, and the magnetic field adjustment blocks are distributed on the surface of the magnetic field adjustment tray. The magnetic field adjustment tray rotates to generate centrifugal force, which causes the magnetic field adjustment blocks to move towards the edge of the magnetic field adjustment tray. At the same time, grooves for guiding the centrifugal displacement of the magnetic field adjustment blocks are provided on the magnetic field adjustment tray.

[0015] When the motor operates, a magnetic flux loop is formed between the stator core and its corresponding rotor core. As the motor speed increases, the magnetic field adjustment blocks move outwards along the grooves and form a magnetic flux loop with the stator core.

[0016] The magnetic field adjustment trays at both ends are staggered by an angle β in the end - face indexing, where β = 360° / P, and P is the number of stator cores.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotor core includes grooves for matching the edge of the magnetic field adjustment tray, and the edge of the magnetic field adjustment tray is embedded in the grooves.

[0018] Furthermore, the magnetic field adjustment device includes several springs. Each spring connects a magnetic field adjustment block and the magnetic field adjustment tray at both ends. The spring provides a pulling force for the centripetal displacement of the magnetic field adjustment block, effectively adjusts the radial position of the magnetic field adjustment block, and confines the magnetic field adjustment block in the magnetic field adjustment tray.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The combined action of the stator part and the rotor part generates bipolar magnetic flux, improving the power density and torque density of the motor.

[0021] 2. The field weakening devices at both ends of the motor are provided with field weakening blocks corresponding to the C-shaped rotor core in the same quantity. Under the action of centrifugal force, the radial position of the field weakening blocks changes with the running speed of the motor, forming a magnetic circuit with the permanent magnets on the C-shaped stator core, generating leakage magnetic flux, which can effectively adjust the magnetic flux of the motor, relieve the problem that the air-gap magnetic density of the permanent magnet motor is difficult to adjust, and broaden the speed regulation range of the motor.

[0022] 3. The stator part and the rotor part are assembled by modular iron cores, with a simple structure, which is beneficial to processing and reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a mechanical field weakening type transverse flux permanent magnet motor;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single C-shaped stator core;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor part and the C-shaped rotor core;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single C-shaped rotor core;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the field weakening device;

[0029] Figure 6 is a top view of the top field weakening device;

[0030] Figure 7 is a bottom view of the bottom field weakening device;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the matching correspondence between the stator core and the rotor core Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the matching correspondence between the stator core and the rotor core Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the field weakening principle of the field weakening device Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the field weakening principle of the field weakening device Figure 2 ;

[0035] Among them, 1. Stator part; 2. Rotor part; 3. Armature winding; 4. Field regulation device; 5. C-shaped stator core; 6. C-shaped rotor core; 7. Field regulation tray; 8. Field regulation block; 9. Permanent magnet; 10. Spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] A mechanically field-regulated transverse-flux permanent magnet motor includes a stator part and a rotor part, and an annular armature winding passes through the stator core.

[0038] The stator part is composed of several C-shaped stator cores evenly distributed along the circumference. Four axially distributed teeth are provided on the inner side edge of each C-shaped stator core. The teeth on both axial sides are made of permanent magnet materials, both radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of the two permanent magnets on each C-shaped stator core are the same.

[0039] The rotor is composed of several C-shaped rotor cores and a field regulation device. The number of rotor cores is the same as that of stator cores.

[0040] The adjacent rotating rotor cores are distributed in a staggered high-low manner, and the tooth parts of the rotor and the tooth parts of the stator core correspond to form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0041] The field regulation device is arranged at both axial ends of the motor and is composed of a field regulation tray and a field regulation block. The field regulation block is made of a magnetic conductive material and is embedded in the groove of the field regulation tray. Several springs are arranged in the field regulation device. Both ends of each spring are connected to a field regulation block and a field regulation tray, effectively adjusting the radial position of the field regulation block and constraining the field regulation block in the field regulation tray.

[0042] When the motor operates, a magnetic flux loop is formed between the stator core and its corresponding rotor core. As the motor speed increases, the field regulation block moves outward along the groove and forms a magnetic flux loop with the stator core.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] A mechanically field-regulated transverse-flux permanent magnet motor is implemented as a single-phase 8-pole mechanically field-regulated transverse-flux permanent magnet motor. The motor includes a stator part 1, a rotor part 2, an armature winding 3, a field regulation device 4, a C-shaped stator core 5, a C-shaped rotor core 6, a field regulation tray 7, a field regulation block 8, a permanent magnet 9 and a spring 10.

[0045] The stator part 1 is composed of 8 C-shaped stator cores 5 evenly distributed along the circumference. Four axially distributed teeth are provided on the inner side edge of each C-shaped stator core 5. The teeth on both axial sides are made of permanent magnet materials, both radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions are the same.

[0046] The annular armature winding 3 passes through the stator part 1.

[0047] The rotor part 2 is composed of 8 C-shaped rotor cores 6 and a magnetic flux regulating device 4. The C-shaped rotor cores 6 are distributed in a staggered manner in the height direction along the motor rotation direction, and the teeth of the C-shaped rotor cores 6 correspond to the teeth of the C-shaped stator core 5. The magnetic flux regulating device 4 is arranged at both axial ends of the motor and is composed of a magnetic flux regulating tray 7 and magnetic flux regulating blocks 8. The magnetic flux regulating blocks 8 are made of magnetic conductive materials. Four magnetic flux regulating blocks 8 are embedded in the grooves of one magnetic flux regulating tray 7. Both ends of the spring 10 are connected to the magnetic flux regulating block 8 and the magnetic flux regulating tray 7.

[0048] When the permanent magnet motor works, it follows the principle of "minimum magnetic resistance", that is, the magnetic flux always closes along the path with the minimum magnetic resistance. Due to the distortion of the magnetic force lines, an electromagnetic torque with magnetic resistance properties is generated to drive the motor to produce a rotational motion. This embodiment also follows this principle.

[0049] As Figure 8 and 9 shown, 5-1 and 5-2 are adjacent C-shaped stator cores, 9-1 and 9-2 are permanent magnets at both ends of 5-1, 9-3 and 9-4 are permanent magnets at both ends of 5-2, and 6-1 and 6-2 are adjacent C-shaped rotor cores. Figure 8 Among them, the magnetic flux forms a main magnetic flux loop from the permanent magnet 9-1 - air gap - rotor core 6-1 - air gap - stator core 5-1 - air gap - permanent magnet 9-1.

[0050] Figure 10 Among them, when the motor rotates at a low speed, the centrifugal force of the magnetic flux regulating block 8-1 is small, the stretching length of the spring 10-1 is small, the air gap between the magnetic flux regulating block 8-1 and the permanent magnet 9-1 is large, the air gap magnetic flux generated by the two is small, the magnetic leakage is small, and the weak magnetic effect on the main magnetic flux is small.

[0051] Figure 11 Among them, when the motor rotates at a high speed, the centrifugal force of the magnetic flux regulating block 8-1 is large, the stretching length of the spring 10-1 is large, the air gap magnetic flux between the magnetic flux regulating block 8-1 and the permanent magnet 9-1 is large, the magnetic leakage is large, and the weak magnetic effect on the main magnetic flux is large. The main magnetic flux in the adjacent C-shaped stator core 5-2 is regulated by the magnetic flux regulating device at the other axial end, which will not be elaborated here. Therefore, through the magnetic flux regulating device, the magnetic flux of the motor at different speeds can be adjusted, and the speed regulation range of the motor can be expanded.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention only illustratively explain the principles and effects of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation, comprising a stator core arranged in a rotary pattern centered on the motor axis; characterized in that: The stator core forms a magnetic flux path in the plane of the motor axis corresponding to the rotor core; The stator core is implemented as an annular body with a side opening; it also includes four teeth on the same side of the annular body on both sides of the opening; the four teeth are axially distributed, and the teeth on both axial sides are permanent magnets; The rotor core is implemented as a semi-annular body; the two ends of the semi-annular body are respectively in contact with any permanent magnet and the opening end far from the permanent magnet to form the closed magnetic flux path; The annular armature winding passes through the stator core in sequence to form a closed loop; The stator core and the rotor core of adjacent two magnetic flux paths are docked based on different permanent magnets; The magnetic flux regulating component includes: a magnetic flux regulating tray arranged at both axial ends of the motor and rotating with the rotor, and a magnetic flux regulating block that moves towards the edge of the magnetic flux regulating tray due to the centrifugal force of the self-rotation of the magnetic flux regulating tray; a groove for guiding the centrifugal displacement of the magnetic flux regulating block is provided on the magnetic flux regulating tray; The magnetic flux regulating block centrifugally displaces to the edge of the magnetic flux regulating tray and forms a magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet on the stator core to generate magnetic leakage; A spring for providing a centripetal displacement pulling force for the magnetic flux regulating block is arranged in the groove, and both ends of the spring are connected to the magnetic flux regulating block and the magnetic flux regulating tray.

2. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent rotor cores are arranged in a staggered high-low pattern by docking to permanent magnets at different heights on the corresponding stator cores.

3. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic flux regulating trays at both axial ends of the motor are staggered by an angle β in the end face indexing, where β = 360° / P, and P is the number of stator cores.

4. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core is a columnar body with a fan-shaped axial end face contour, and a ring-shaped body with a rectangular contour is cut through in the middle of the columnar body; an opening is provided on the side near the rotor of the ring-shaped body, and tooth portions are formed at both ends of the opening; the tooth portions and the permanent magnets are on the same axis.

5. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetization directions of the two permanent magnets on the same stator core are the same.

6. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor core is a C-shaped semi-annular body.

7. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor core includes a groove for matching the edge of the magnetic flux regulating tray.

8. The transverse flux permanent magnet machine with mechanical flux regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic flux regulating block is a magnetic conductive part.

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