Environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland and its application

Abstract

An environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland includes a floating module and aquatic plants. The floating module is composed of a combination of simple and easily available materials, including a support layer, a breathable layer, a biological functional layer and a plant growth layer. Ornamental plants can be planted on the floating module. The plants can be placed in a corresponding shape according to the required shape. While purifying the water, it also provides an ornamental visual experience. Different varieties of aquatic plants can be selected according to the application environment. This environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland can be used for water management and restoration of rivers and lakes, and is also ornamental.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to water treatment equipment, in particular to a movable floating wetland system, specifically an ecological and environmentally friendly floating wetland, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] Floating wetlands combine greening and floating technologies. They come in a variety of types, generally categorized by their function: wave breakers, water purifiers, and habitat providers. They can be square, triangular, rectangular, or circular. Framed floating wetlands typically consist of a frame, a float, a base, fixtures, and plants. Plants typically are aquatic, but terrestrial plants with strong waterlogging tolerance, high biomass, and attractive landscape effects are also used.

[0003] With the development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, many rivers have disappeared and been replaced by high-rise buildings. Natural floating wetlands have become less and less, and the demand for artificial wetlands has gradually increased. Artificial floating wetlands are mostly assembled, with aquatic ornamental plants cultivated on the surface. They purify sewage through their own degradation and metabolism, and can serve as a beautiful "landscape". Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem of inconvenient installation of general artificial wetlands in hard-bottomed rivers, small artificial lakes, and wide water basins. The artificial wetland has the characteristics of easy availability of materials, simple wetland production, convenient installation, and strong landscape, which plays a great role in the restoration of river and lake water bodies.

[0005] The present invention adopts a modularly assembled artificial wetland, which can filter and purify water bodies with simple and easily available materials and aquatic plants.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland comprising a multi-layer structure, comprising, from bottom to top, a support layer, a breathable layer, a biological functional layer, and a plant growth layer. The support layer comprises support layer 1 and support layer 2, both made of bamboo with a diameter of 15-30 cm. The bamboos of support layer 1 are arranged horizontally with an appropriate distance between them, while the bamboos of support layer 2 are arranged vertically with an appropriate distance between them. The intersection of the upper and lower bamboo layers serves as a lashing point, secured with corrosion-resistant rope, such as nylon composite rope or linen rope, which is resistant to water corrosion. Bamboo has high buoyancy and flexibility, as well as good ventilation and air permeability, making it a good choice for the base of a floating island.

[0007] Furthermore, the breathable layer includes a woven bamboo mat, which is woven from bamboo skin and has a thickness of 2-8 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the biofunctional layer includes a non-woven geotextile layer and a light filter material layer thereon. The light filter material layer can also be filled with microbial fillers or sprayed with microbial agents to assist in water pollution control.

[0009] Furthermore, the non-woven geotextile can be perforated before laying, with uniform small holes of 1-2 cm in diameter and 10-20 cm around the perimeter to facilitate the growth and rooting of plants. The laying range of the bamboo mat and the non-woven geotextile is laid according to the size and shape of the underlying bamboo.

[0010] Furthermore, the non-woven geotextile layer is evenly perforated with small holes, with a diameter of 1-2 cm and a spacing of 10-20 cm. The filter material of the lightweight filter layer is selected from materials such as ceramsite, zeolite, volcanic stone, or waste lightweight bricks. The micropores on the surface of this type of biological filter material are well-developed and reasonably distributed. The microorganisms growing in the micropores are not easily lost, and the bacteria can be maintained even if it is not in operation for a long time, allowing the aerated biological filter to operate intermittently. At the same time, the large specific surface area can attach, grow, and reproduce a large number of microorganisms, which can increase the volume load of the aerated biological filter and significantly improve the degradation rate. In addition, the product is light in texture, high in strength, resistant to friction and washing, does not release toxic and harmful substances into the water body, has good physical, chemical, and hydraulic properties, and can adapt to different sewage purification requirements. Modern water treatment processes fully utilize these characteristics, making it the preferred filter material for water treatment, especially sewage, slightly polluted water source biological pretreatment, and water supply filtration technology.

[0011] Furthermore, the plant growth layer includes a planting soil layer and a dust-proof net layer above it. The planting soil layer is arranged above the lightweight filter material layer. The ratio of soil and sand in the planting soil layer is 1:1. The laying thickness is 10-30cm. The thickness of the soil layer can be reduced according to the type of roots of the planted plants.

[0012] Furthermore, a layer of geotextile is provided below the planting soil layer of the plant growth layer to prevent soil and sand from flowing downwards.

[0013] Furthermore, a dust-proof net layer is laid above the planting soil layer, specifically including 1-2 layers of soil-covering dust-proof net, which is made of fiber material that is resistant to aging, corrosion and radiation.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the multi-layer floating wetland body is also made of bamboo as a protective layer. The bamboo of the protective layer can be constructed by stacking bamboo with a diameter of 3-10 cm without any gaps. The two sides are tightened and tied with bamboo or bamboo boards to form a bamboo wall structure. The structure is also tied with corrosion-resistant linen rope. The bottom of the protective layer is tied and fixed to the bamboo body of the supporting layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the planting soil layer of the floating wetland is evenly provided with planting pits for planting plants, and the planted plants are selected from at least one of yellow iris, pennywort and red iris.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the floating wetland is fixed to fixed piles on the bottom of the water by ropes to avoid being washed away by the water flow.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also relates to an application of the above-mentioned environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland in river or lake water bodies, specifically, for the ecological purification, filtration or landscape decoration of water bodies. When used in different water bodies, the plants planted thereon can be selected and adjusted to meet the needs of ecological restoration of different water bodies.

[0018] Compared with the existing technology, the floating wetland of the present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0019] First, the floating wetland of the present invention is made of bamboo. The material is natural, pollution-free, and very friendly to the water ecology. In addition, the complete bamboo has very good durability and can ensure that the wetland floats on the water surface for a long time and stably.

[0020] Second, the floating wetland of the present invention adopts a multi-layer structure. The bottom support layer isolates the main body from the water body to avoid excessive mixing between the wetland and the water body. The biological functional layer can deposit and adsorb more beneficial microorganisms. At the same time, if necessary, microbial reagents can be set in the filler layer to form a microbial treatment layer to biologically purify the water flowing through the wetland.

[0021] Third, in the floating wetland of the present invention, different aquatic plants can be planted in the upper plant growth layer. Some aquatic plants have well-developed root systems and can penetrate through the planting soil layer, filter material layer, and even deep into the water body. Combined with the fountain equipment in the water, a circulation is formed between the water in the water body and the wetland. The floating wetland constitutes a beneficial wetland unit integrated into the water body, which has a synergistic effect on water purification and maintaining the ecological benign cycle of the water body.

[0022] Fourthly, the floating wetland of the present invention reduces the space occupied by a new artificial wetland near the water body, saves the use of space around the water body, and can better utilize the regulating capacity of the wetland to provide vitality for the water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the floating wetland of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overhead structure of the floating wetland of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention and demonstrate its functions. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0026] The floating wetlands of this embodiment are used in a 2,600 square meter artificial lake. There are six floating wetlands in this embodiment, and the size of each floating wetland is 8 meters * 8 meters square.

[0027] Each floating wetland structure includes, from bottom to top, a support layer, a breathable layer, a biological functional layer, and a plant growth layer. The support layer includes support layer 1 and support layer 2, both made of bamboo with a diameter of 15-20 cm. The bamboo bodies of support layer 1 are arranged horizontally, with an appropriate distance between the two bamboos. The bamboo bodies of support layer 2 are arranged vertically, with an appropriate distance between the two bamboos. The intersection of the upper and lower bamboo layers serves as a binding and fixing point, and is fixed with corrosion-resistant rope. Nylon composite rope, linen rope, or other water-resistant ropes can be used. Bamboo has great buoyancy and flexibility, and has good ventilation and air permeability, making it a good choice as a floating island base. The breathable layer is a woven bamboo mat 3, woven from bamboo skin and 5 cm thick. The biological functional layer includes a non-woven geotextile layer 4 and a lightweight filter material layer 5 above it. The non-woven geotextile 4 can be perforated before being laid, with uniform small holes of 1 cm in diameter and 15 cm spacing around it, so as to facilitate the growth and rooting of plants. The bamboo mat 3 and the laying range 4 of the non-woven geotextile are laid according to the size and shape of the underlying bamboo. The plant growth layer includes a planting soil layer 6 and a dustproof net layer 7 above it. The planting soil layer 6 is arranged on top of the lightweight filter material layer 5. The ratio of soil and sand in the planting soil layer 6 is 1:1, and the laying thickness is 20 cm. A dustproof net layer 7 is laid on top of the planting soil layer 6, specifically including a layer of covering soil and dustproof net, which is made of high-density polyethylene fiber material that is resistant to aging, corrosion and radiation. The outer periphery of the multi-layer main body of the floating wetland also uses bamboo as a protective layer 8. The bamboo of the protective layer 8 can be constructed by stacking bamboo with a diameter of about 5 cm without spacing. The two sides are tightened and tied with bamboo boards to form a bamboo wall structure. The tying is also done with corrosion-resistant linen rope. The bottom of the protective layer 8 is tied and fixed to the bamboo body of the supporting layer. The planting soil layer of the floating wetland is evenly provided with planting pits 9 for planting plants, and the planted plants are yellow iris 10, pennywort 11 and red iris 12.

[0028] The filter media used in this embodiment utilizes volcanic rock filler, which has a light specific gravity and large surface area, providing ample growth space for microorganisms. Test results show that volcanic rock has a strong ability to absorb ammonia and nitrogen, making it a preferred material for the internal structure of floating wetlands. This type of biofilter material has well-developed and well-distributed micropores on its surface, making it difficult for microorganisms to escape. Even after long periods of inactivity, the microbial population remains stable, allowing the aerated biofilter to operate intermittently. Furthermore, its large specific surface area allows for the attachment, growth, and reproduction of large numbers of microorganisms, increasing the volumetric load of the biofilter and significantly improving its degradation rate. Furthermore, this product is lightweight, strong, resistant to friction and flushing, and does not release toxic or harmful substances into the water. It possesses excellent physical, chemical, and hydraulic properties, making it adaptable to various wastewater purification requirements.

[0029] In another embodiment, the lightweight filter material layer can also be filled with microbial fillers or sprayed with microbial preparations to assist in the treatment of water pollution.

[0030] In another embodiment, a layer of geotextile is provided below the planting soil layer 6 of the plant growth layer to prevent soil and sand from flowing downward.

[0031] In practice, plants can be planted in the planting soil layer or seeds can be sown for breeding. When breeding, the seeds of the plants to be planted need to be sown before laying the dust-proof net layer 7. The seeds are placed in the river water for 1-2 weeks to grow branches. If plants are to be planted, corresponding holes can be opened in the dust-proof net layer 7 after laying the dust-proof net layer 7, and the plants can be transplanted to the floating wetland.

[0032] In some embodiments, the floating wetland needs to be fixed, and fixed piles 13 can be set at the bottom of the river. The bottom bamboo part of the floating wetland can be tied and connected with a corrosion-resistant and thick nylon rope or steel wire rope to fix the wetland to prevent large displacement when the wind, waves and currents are strong.

[0033] Finally, it should be pointed out that the embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland, comprising a multi-layer structure, which includes, from bottom to top, a support layer, a breathable layer, a biological functional layer, and a plant growth layer, characterized in that: The support layer comprises a support layer 1 (1) and a support layer 2 (2), both of which are made of bamboo. The bamboo bodies of the support layer 1 (1) are arranged horizontally with an appropriate distance between the two bamboos. The bamboo bodies of the support layer 2 (2) are arranged vertically with an appropriate distance between the two bamboos. The intersection of the upper and lower bamboo layers is used as a binding and fixing point, and is fixed with a corrosion-resistant rope. The breathable layer comprises a woven bamboo mat (3), which is woven from bamboo skin and has a thickness of 2-8 cm. The plant growth layer comprises a planting soil layer (6) and a dustproof net layer (7) above it. The planting soil layer (6) is arranged on the light filter material layer (5). The ratio of soil to sand in the planting soil layer (6) is 1:1, and the laying thickness is 10-30 cm. The thickness of the soil layer is reduced according to the type of roots and stems of the planted plants. The biological functional layer comprises a non-woven geotextile layer (4) and a light filter material layer (5) above it.

2. According to the environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland according to claim 1, the non-woven geotextile layer (4) is evenly perforated with small holes with a diameter of 1-2 cm and a spacing of 10-20 cm; the filter material of the lightweight filter material layer (5) is selected from ceramsite, zeolite, volcanic rock or waste lightweight brick materials.

3. According to the environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland of claim 2, a layer of geotextile is provided below the planting soil layer (6) of the plant growth layer to prevent soil and sand from flowing downward.

4. According to the environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland of claim 3, a dustproof net layer (7) is laid above the planting soil layer (6), specifically comprising 1-2 layers of soil covering dustproof nets, which are made of fiber materials that are resistant to aging, corrosion and radiation.

5. According to the environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland of claim 1, the outer periphery of the multi-layer main body of the floating wetland is also made of bamboo as a protective layer (8), and the bamboo of the protective layer (8) is constructed by stacking bamboo with a diameter of 3-10 cm without any gaps. The two sides are tightened and tied with bamboo or bamboo boards to form a bamboo wall structure, which is also tied with corrosion-resistant linen rope. The bottom of the protective layer (8) is tied and fixed with the bamboo body of the supporting layer.

6. The environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland according to claim 1, wherein the planting soil layer of the floating wetland is evenly provided with planting pits (9) for planting plants, and the planted plants are selected from at least one of yellow iris (10), pennywort (11) and red iris (12).

7. Application of the environmentally friendly ecological floating wetland according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in rivers or lakes, specifically for ecological purification, filtration or landscape decoration of water bodies.

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