Automatic assembly and disassembly device for reaction tube

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic assembly and disassembly device for a reaction tube, comprising a mounting plate, on which are respectively provided: a turntable, on which are provided a plurality of receiving grooves, and the upper ends of the receiving grooves are provided with internal threads; a rubber plug assembly and disassembly mechanism, used for automatically installing or disassembling the rubber plug at the open end of the reaction tube; a clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism, used for automatically installing or disassembling the clamping cap at the upper end of the reaction tube and outside the rubber plug; a threaded cap assembly and disassembly mechanism, used for automatically installing or disassembling the threaded cap at the upper end of the receiving groove; and a turntable driving mechanism, used for driving each receiving groove on the turntable to rotate to the rubber plug assembly and disassembly station, the clamping cap assembly and disassembly station and the threaded cap assembly and disassembly station in sequence. The automatic assembly and disassembly device for a reaction tube disclosed by the invention can realize the automatic assembly and disassembly of the reaction tube and the turntable, that is, no manual operation is required during the assembly and disassembly process, and the work efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical testing instruments, in particular to an automatic assembly and disassembly device for a reaction tube. Background Art

[0002] Among the medical testing instruments in the in vitro diagnostic industry, some instruments have a low degree of automation. Fig.12 As shown, in the process of installing and fixing the reaction tube 100 and the receiving groove 2.1 on the turntable 2, the reaction tube 100 is first inserted into the receiving groove 2.1, and then a rubber plug 101 is pressed into the open end of the reaction tube 100, and then a compression cap 102 is pressed into the upper part of the rubber plug 101 to ensure that the rubber plug 101 does not fall out, and finally a threaded cap 103 is screwed into the open end of the receiving groove 2.1, and the outer wall of the threaded cap 103 is threadedly matched with the inner wall of the receiving groove 2.1, and the reaction tube 100 is compressed and limited after installation; currently, the installation and disassembly operations of these components are generally performed manually using a series of tools such as torque wrenches, needle-nosed pliers, and electric wrenches. Not only is the operation cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, but the manual operation cannot guarantee the consistency of disassembly and the stability of operation, which is easy to affect the quality of the sample and easily cause various errors, which is very inconvenient in actual operation. Moreover, a series of mechanical tools are not suitable for frequent use in laboratories and inspection environments. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, an automatic reaction tube assembly and disassembly device is provided, which can realize the automatic assembly and disassembly of the reaction tube and the turntable, that is, no manual operation is required during the assembly and disassembly process, and the work efficiency is high.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an automatic assembly and disassembly device for a reaction tube, comprising a mounting plate, wherein the mounting plate is provided with:

[0005] A turntable, wherein a plurality of receiving grooves for inserting reaction tubes are arranged along the circumferential direction of the turntable, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner side wall of the opening end of the receiving groove;

[0006] A rubber stopper installation and removal mechanism, used for automatically installing or removing the rubber stopper at the open end of the reaction tube;

[0007] A compression cap installation and removal mechanism, used for automatically installing or removing the compression cap at the upper end of the reaction tube and outside the rubber stopper;

[0008] The threaded cap installation and removal mechanism is used to automatically install or remove the threaded cap at the upper end of the receiving groove. During installation, the lower end of the threaded cap is pressed against the upper end of the clamping cap, so that the reaction tube and the receiving groove are relatively stationary when the turntable rotates;

[0009] The turntable driving mechanism is used to drive the various accommodating grooves on the turntable to rotate in sequence to the rubber plug assembly and disassembly station, the pressing cap assembly and disassembly station and the threaded cap assembly and disassembly station.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0011] In the automated assembly and disassembly mechanism for reaction tubes and a turntable of the present invention, after the corresponding reaction tubes are inserted into the respective receiving grooves on the turntable, the subsequent assembly and disassembly of rubber stoppers, compression caps and threaded caps are all automatically performed by corresponding mechanical equipment without the need for manual operation, thereby realizing a series of operations such as smooth clamping, placement, compression and movement, and greatly improving the stability of the reaction tubes and the turntable after they are fixed and the work efficiency of assembly and disassembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the rubber plug assembly and disassembly mechanism has the same structure as the clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism, both of which include a first storage rack, a first support frame and a first connecting arm. The first connecting arm is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the first support frame, and the first support frame is provided with a lifting drive assembly for driving the first connecting arm to lift and lower, and a rotating drive assembly for driving the first connecting arm to swing horizontally; the first connecting arm is provided with a chuck for clamping the rubber plug or the clamping cap, and a clamping drive assembly for driving the chuck to open and close.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping drive assembly includes a rotary driver and two connecting blocks, the output shaft of the rotary driver is connected to a driving rod, and a cam block is provided on the side wall of the driving rod; the two connecting blocks are installed on the first connecting arm to slide toward or away from each other, the chuck includes two clamping blocks, and the upper ends of the two clamping blocks are respectively connected to the corresponding connecting blocks, and the cam block is fitted between the two connecting blocks; the first connecting arm is also provided with a reset element for driving the connecting block to reset. This driving structure is simple, and the closing of the clamping block is driven by the rotation of the cam, and the operation is flexible, thereby improving the stability and flexibility of the clamping operation of the rubber plug and the clamping cap.

[0014] Furthermore, the threaded nut assembly and disassembly mechanism includes a second storage rack, a second support frame and a second connecting arm, the second connecting arm is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the second support frame, and the second support frame is provided with a lifting drive assembly for driving the second connecting arm to lift and lower, and a rotating drive assembly for driving the second connecting arm to swing horizontally; the second connecting arm is provided with a spiral drive assembly for driving the threaded nut to screw into the open end of the accommodating groove.

[0015] Preferably, the spiral drive assembly includes an insert that cooperates with a preset plug-in hole on the threaded nut, and a rotary driver that drives the insert to rotate; a limit piece is also provided on the second connecting arm, and the limit piece is arranged on the outside of the insert, and when the insert is inserted and engaged with the threaded nut, the limit piece is clamped and limited on the outer wall of the threaded nut.

[0016] More preferably, the lifting drive assembly includes a first conveyor belt and a first driver for driving the first conveyor belt to run in a vertical direction, a lifting rod is provided at the end of the first connecting arm away from the chuck, the lower end of the lifting rod is connected to the first conveyor belt, and a limiting hole is provided at the upper end of the first support frame for the lifting rod to pass through.

[0017] More preferably, the rotation drive assembly includes a second conveyor belt and a second driver, the second driver is mounted on the first support frame, and the output shaft of the second driver is provided with a second driving wheel, a connecting sleeve is rotatably provided in the limiting hole, a second driven wheel is provided at the upper end of the connecting sleeve, and the second driven wheel sleeve is arranged outside the lifting rod; the outer wall of the lifting rod is provided with a guide groove extending along its axial direction, and the inner wall of the connecting sleeve is provided with a guide protrusion matching the guide groove. In this improved structure, a corresponding guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the lifting rod, and a guide protrusion is provided on the connecting sleeve. When the lifting rod slides vertically, the guide protrusion can play a guiding role to ensure that the lifting rod will not deflect when sliding up and down; when the connecting sleeve rotates, the limiting protrusion can also play a linkage role to drive the lifting rod to rotate synchronously.

[0018] More preferably, the turntable drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a third conveyor belt, a connecting shaft is rotatably provided on the mounting plate, the upper end of the connecting shaft is connected to the turntable, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor through the third conveyor belt. In this structure, the rotation of the turntable is driven by the drive motor and the corresponding conveyor belt, the structure is simple, the drive is stable, and the speed is controllable, ensuring that each reaction tube on the turntable is accurately rotated to the corresponding station in sequence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an automatic assembly and disassembly device for a reaction tube of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram from another angle of an automatic reaction tube assembly and disassembly device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the rubber plug assembly and disassembly mechanism and the clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism on the mounting plate in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the rubber plug assembly and disassembly mechanism and the clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the first connecting arm and the clamping drive assembly in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the driving rod in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the threaded cap assembly and disassembly mechanism in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the spiral drive assembly in the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the spiral drive assembly in the present invention from another angle.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of the lifting drive component and the rotating drive component in the present invention.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a structural diagram from another angle of the rubber plug assembly and disassembly mechanism and the clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a structural diagram of the reaction tube and turntable installation and positioning structure in the present invention in a disassembled state.

[0031] Among them, 100-reaction tube; 01-rubber stopper assembly and disassembly mechanism, 02-pressing assembly and disassembly mechanism, 03-thread cap assembly and disassembly mechanism, 04-turntable driving mechanism;

[0032] 1-mounting plate, 2-turntable, 2.1-accommodating groove, 3-first storage rack, 4-first support frame, 5-first connecting arm, 6-rotation drive, 7-connecting block, 8-driving rod, 9-cam block, 10-clamping block, 11-resetting element, 12-second storage rack, 13-second support frame, 14-second connecting arm, 15-fitting part, 16-rotation drive, 17-limiting part, 18-first conveyor belt, 19-first drive, 20-lifting rod, 20.1-guide groove, 21-second conveyor belt, 22-second drive, 23-second driving wheel, 24-connecting sleeve, 25-second driven wheel, 26-driving motor, 27-third conveyor belt, 28-connecting shaft, 29-first driving wheel, 30-first driven wheel, 31-mounting block, 32-fixing block, 33-third driven wheel, 35-mounting sleeve, 36- Sawtooth protrusion, 37-first optical coupler, 38-second chopper, 39-second optical coupler, 40-third chopper, 41-third optical coupler, 42-detection electrode, 43-reset light-converting sheet, 44-optical coupler; 45-reset baffle, 46-reset photoelectric signal sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "open end", "upper end", "lower end", "outer side wall", "inner side wall" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only for the convenience of description and distinction, and have no specific meaning.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 12 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic reaction tube assembly and disassembly device, comprising a horizontal mounting plate 1, on which are respectively provided: a turntable 2, on the upper end surface of the turntable 2 are provided a plurality of accommodating grooves 2.1 for inserting the reaction tubes 100 along the circumferential direction, and the inner side wall of the opening end of each accommodating groove 2.1 is provided with an internal thread;

[0037] The rubber stopper installation and removal mechanism 01 is used to automatically install or remove the rubber stopper 101 at the open end of the reaction tube 100. In this structure, when the reaction tube 100 containing the test sample is inserted into the receiving groove 2.1, the corresponding rubber stopper 101 is installed at the open end of the reaction tube 100 to prevent the sample in the reaction tube 100 from overflowing when the turntable 2 rotates;

[0038] The clamping cap installation and removal mechanism 02 is used to automatically install or remove the clamping cap 102 at the upper end of the reaction tube 100 and outside the rubber stopper 101. In this structure, after the rubber stopper 101 is installed at the open end of the reaction tube 100, a clamping cap 102 is also installed at the upper end to prevent the rubber stopper 101 from falling out;

[0039] The threaded cap assembly and disassembly mechanism 03 is used to automatically install or disassemble the threaded cap 103 at the upper end of the receiving tank 2.1. When installing the threaded cap 103, the lower end of the threaded cap 103 is pressed against the upper end of the pressing cap 102, so that the reaction tube 100 and the receiving tank 2.1 are relatively stationary when the turntable 2 rotates; thereby ensuring that the turntable 2 rotates and drives the sample in the reaction tube 100 to centrifuge and stratify, and the reaction tube 100 and the receiving tank 2.1 will not rotate or shake relative to each other, thereby improving stability and sealing performance;

[0040] The turntable driving mechanism 04 is used to drive each receiving groove 2.1 on the turntable 2 to rotate to the rubber plug assembly and disassembly station, the pressing cap assembly and disassembly station and the threaded cap assembly and disassembly station in sequence.

[0041] In the above structure, the corresponding rubber stopper 101, the clamping cap 102 and the threaded cap 103 can be automatically installed or disassembled when the reaction tube 100 and the turntable 2 are positioned through the corresponding assembly and disassembly mechanisms, which replaces the manual installation method combined with the operation of instruments such as wrenches in the prior art. It has a high degree of automation, saves labor, and has high assembly and disassembly efficiency.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the turntable drive mechanism 04 includes a drive motor 26 and a fourth conveyor belt 27. A connecting shaft 28 is rotatably provided on the mounting plate 1. The upper end of the connecting shaft 28 is connected to the turntable 2, and the lower end of the connecting shaft 28 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 26 through the fourth conveyor belt 27. Specifically, the drive motor 26 is installed at the lower end of the mounting plate 1, and a third driving wheel (not shown in the figure) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 26. The lower end of the connecting shaft 28 is connected to the third driven wheel 33. The two ends of the third conveyor belt 27 are respectively matched with the outside of the third driving wheel and the third driven wheel 33, so that the drive motor 26 drives the turntable 2 to rotate in the circumferential direction through the third conveyor belt 27.

[0043] like Figure 3-6 As shown, in this embodiment, the rubber plug assembly and disassembly mechanism 01 and the clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism 02 have the same structure, and they both include a first storage rack 3, a first support rack 4 and a first connecting arm 5. The first storage rack 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves for temporarily storing corresponding rubber plugs 101 or clamping caps 102; the first connecting arm 5 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the first support rack 4, and the first support rack 4 is provided with a lifting drive assembly for driving the first connecting arm 5 to lift and lower, and a rotating drive assembly for driving the first connecting arm 5 to swing horizontally; the first connecting arm 5 is provided with a chuck for clamping the rubber plug 101 or the clamping cap 102, and a clamping drive assembly for driving the chuck to open and close.

[0044] In addition, such as Figure 5As shown, the clamping drive assembly includes: a rotary drive 6 and two connecting blocks 7. The output shaft of the rotary drive 6 is connected to a driving rod 8, and a cam block 9 is provided on the side wall of the driving rod 8. A fixing block 32 is also provided on the first connecting arm 5, and the other end of the driving rod 8 is rotatably engaged with the fixing block 32. Specifically, the cam block 9 is an elliptical structure, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown. The two connecting blocks 7 are mounted on the first connecting arm 5 so as to slide toward or away from each other. Specifically, the two connecting blocks 7 are mounted on the first connecting arm 5 through corresponding linear slide rails. The chuck in this embodiment includes two clamping blocks 10, and the upper ends of the two clamping blocks 10 are respectively connected to the corresponding connecting blocks 7, and the cam block 9 is fitted between the two connecting blocks 7. The connecting arm 5 is also provided with a reset element 11 for driving the connecting block 7 to reset. Specifically, the first connecting arm 5 is provided with a corresponding mounting hole 5.1, the upper ends of the two clamping blocks 10 are inserted into the mounting hole 5.1, and an elastic member is provided between the outer side wall of each clamping block 10 and the side wall of the mounting hole 5.1 to form the above-mentioned reset element 11. In this embodiment, the elastic member is preferably a cylindrical spring. Of course, in other embodiments, the elastic member may also be other elastic elements, such as a rubber bellows, an elastic gasket, etc.

[0045] In this structure, the rotary driver 6 drives the driving rod 8 to rotate. When it rotates to the point where the two long sides of the cam block 9 abut against the two connecting blocks 7, the two connecting blocks 7 are stretched outward. At this time, the elastic member is in a compressed state. The two separated connecting blocks 7 drive the two clamping blocks 10 to separate. At this time, the two clamping blocks 10 are separated from the rubber plug 101 or the clamping cap 102. As the rotary driver 6 continues to rotate until the two short sides of the cam block 9 abut against the two connecting blocks 7, due to the shortened distance and under the elastic force of the elastic member, the two clamping blocks 10 move closer to each other to achieve clamping and grasping of the upper end of the rubber plug 101 or the clamping cap 101.

[0046] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the threaded nut assembly and disassembly mechanism 03 includes a second storage rack 12, a second support frame 13 and a second connecting arm 14. The second connecting arm 14 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the second support frame 13, and the second support frame 13 is provided with a lifting drive component for driving the second connecting arm 14 to lift and lower, and a rotating drive component for driving the second connecting arm 14 to swing horizontally; the second connecting arm 14 is provided with a spiral drive component for driving the threaded nut 103 to spirally engage with the opening end of the accommodating groove 2.1.

[0047] On the other hand, Figure 8 , 9As shown, the spiral drive assembly includes an insert 15 that cooperates with a preset plug-in hole on the threaded cap 103, and a rotation driver 16 that drives the insert 15 to rotate. The spiral driver 16 is preferably a stepping motor. The second connecting arm 14 is also provided with a limiter 17, which is arranged on the outside of the insert 15. When the insert 15 is inserted and matched with the threaded cap 103, the limiter 17 is clamped and limited on the outer wall of the threaded cap 103.

[0048] Principle of installation and disassembly of threaded cap:

[0049] When the reaction tube 100 equipped with the rubber stopper 101 and the compression cap 102 is rotated to the threaded cap assembly and disassembly station, the rotating active component drives the second connecting arm 14 to rotate until the fitting 15 corresponds to the threaded cap 103 at the corresponding position on the second storage rack 12, and the second connecting arm 14 descends until the insertion is matched, and the limiter 17 is clamped and limited on the outer wall of the threaded cap 103, and then the lifting drive component drives the first connecting arm 5 to rise in the opposite direction, and the second connecting arm 5 rotates in the opposite direction toward the threaded cap assembly and disassembly station. After it is in place, the second connecting arm 14 descends again until the threaded cap 103 corresponds to the accommodating groove 2.1, and the rotating drive component drives the fitting 15 to drive the threaded cap 1.3 to rotate, so that the threaded cap 103 is spirally engaged with the upper end of the accommodating groove 2.1. In this structure, the outer wall of the threaded cap 103 is provided with an outer thread that matches the inner thread of the opening end of the receiving groove 2.1; and after the threaded cap 103 is tightened and matched, the reaction tube 100 is pressed and limited, and when the turntable 2 rotates, the reaction tube 100 will not shake in the receiving groove 2.1. When disassembling, the steps are reversed to those when installing, and finally the disassembled threaded cap 103 is replaced on the corresponding second storage rack 12.

[0050] like Fig.10 As shown, the lifting drive assembly involved in the above structure includes:

[0051] The first conveyor belt 18 and the first driver 19 for driving the first conveyor belt 18 to run in the vertical direction, the end of the first connecting arm 5 away from the chuck is provided with a lifting rod 20, the lower end of the lifting rod 20 is connected to the first conveyor belt 18, and the upper end of the first support frame 4 is provided with a limiting hole for the lifting rod 20 to pass through. In this structure, the first driver 19 is installed at the lower end of the first support frame 4 in the horizontal direction, and the first driving wheel 29 is installed on the output shaft of the first driver 19, and the first driven wheel 30 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first support frame 4. The first conveyor belt 18 is matched with the outside of the first driving wheel 29 and the first driven wheel 30, and the lower end of the lifting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the first conveyor belt 18 through the corresponding mounting block 31; thereby realizing that the first driver 19 drives the lifting rod 20 to move up and down through the first conveyor belt 18. And in this structure, the first driver 19 is a stepping motor, and the up and down movement height of the lifting rod 20 can be controlled and limited according to its step distance facility. In addition, in order to ensure that the lifting rod 20 can be located at the same height in the initial state, a reset baffle 45 is also provided on the mounting block 31, and a corresponding reset photoelectric signal sensor 46 is provided at the upper end of the first support frame 4. Each time the machine is turned on or restarted in case of a fault, the first driver 19 drives the lifting rod 20 to move upward until the reset photoelectric signal sensor 46 receives the signal from the reset baffle 45 to stop, which is the initial position, to ensure the order and continuity of subsequent work.

[0052] like Fig.10 As shown, the rotation drive assembly includes:

[0053] The second conveyor belt 21 and the second driver 22 are installed on the first support frame 4, and the second driver 22 is provided with a second driving wheel 23 on the output shaft, and a connecting sleeve 24 is rotatably provided in the limiting hole, and a second driven wheel 25 is provided at the upper end of the connecting sleeve 24, and the second driven wheel 25 is sleeved on the outside of the lifting rod 20; the outer wall of the lifting rod 20 is provided with a guide groove 20.1 extending along its axial direction, and the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 24 is provided with a guide protrusion matching the guide groove 20.1. In this structure, the connecting sleeve 24 is driven to rotate by the second conveyor belt 21, and the lifting rod 20 is driven by the corresponding guide protrusion on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 24, so that the lifting rod 20 can achieve synchronous rotation. In this structure, the second driver 22 is a stepping motor.

[0054] In this structure, the installation and removal principles of the rubber plug 101 or the compression cap 102 are as follows:

[0055] When the turntable 2 drives the reaction tube 100 to rotate to the rubber plug installation and removal station or the pressing cap installation and removal station, the rotating drive component drives the first connecting arm 5 to rotate until the two clamping blocks 10 correspond to the upper ends of the rubber plug 101 or the pressing cap 102 at the corresponding positions on the first storage rack 3, and then the lifting drive component drives the first connecting arm 5 to descend to correspond to the clamping position of the upper end of the rubber plug 101 or the pressing cap 102; the clamping drive component drives the clamping block 10 to clamp, so as to clamp and fix the rubber plug 101 or the pressing cap 102; after clamping and fixing, the lifting rod 20 moves upward in the reverse direction to the initial position, the rotating component drives the first connecting arm 5 toward the connecting arm 5, and then the connecting arm 5 rises in the reverse direction to the initial position, and then the second driving component drives the connecting arm 5 to rotate toward the rubber plug installation and removal station or the pressing cap installation and removal station, and after reaching the position, the lifting rod 20 descends until the rubber plug 101 or the pressing cap 102 is pressed at the corresponding position on the reaction tube 100, so as to install the rubber plug 101 or the pressing cap 102. When the reaction tube 100 needs to be removed from the turntable 2, the operation principle is similar to that of the installation, except that the order is reversed, that is, first rotate and remove the threaded cap 103, then remove the clamping cap 102, and finally pull out the rubber stopper 101.

[0056] In the above structure, if Fig.11 As shown, during the removal of the clamping cap 102, in order to detect whether the clamping cap 102 is adhered to the reaction tube 100, a corresponding detection photoelectric sensor 33 is installed on the first storage rack 3 where the clamping cap 102 is placed. The detection photoelectric sensor 33 is used to detect whether the clamping cap 102 is adhered to the reaction tube 100 when it moves upward at the installation or removal station of the clamping cap. If adhesion is detected, the main controller of the entire system controls the rotation drive assembly to drive the first connecting arm 5 to swing left and right at a preset frequency to separate the clamping cap 102 from the reaction tube 100. After the clamping cap 102 is removed, the corresponding first connecting wall 5 drives the clamping block 10 to rotate in the opposite direction to the top of the first storage rack 3, the clamping block 10 is separated, and the clamping cap 1 is placed in the corresponding installation hole on the first storage rack 3, waiting for the next use.

[0057] It should also be noted that the rubber stopper 101 in the present structure is a consumable, that is, it needs to be replaced after one use, so a waste storage box 34 is placed on the mounting plate 1 at a position corresponding to the rubber stopper assembly and disassembly mechanism 01. After the rubber stopper 101 is disassembled, it cannot be replaced on the corresponding first storage rack 3, but must be discarded into the waste storage box 34.

[0058] On the other hand, in order to improve the automated control of the entire picking and placing process, so that each action can be connected coherently and smoothly; in this embodiment, a first sensing unit for sensing the rotation angle of the turntable 2 is provided on the mounting plate 1; a second sensing unit for sensing the rotation angle of the first connecting arm 5 or the second connecting arm 14 is provided on the first support frame 4 and the second support frame 13; a third sensing unit for sensing the opening or closing of the clamp 10 is provided on the first connecting arm 5, and the first sensing unit, the second sensing unit, and the third sensing unit are respectively connected to the main controller signal on the automatic picking and placing device for the reaction tube, and the main controller is used to control the operation of each driving component.

[0059] More specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the first sensing unit includes a mounting sleeve 35, which is sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft 28 and is located between the mounting plate 1 and the turntable 2; specifically, the outer edge of the mounting sleeve is evenly provided with serrated protrusions 36 along the circumferential direction, and a first optical coupler 37 for sensing the serrated protrusions 36 on the mounting sleeve is correspondingly installed on the mounting plate 1. As the turntable 2 rotates, when each serrated protrusion 36 on the mounting sleeve runs into the groove of the first optical coupler 37, the first optical coupler 37 can obtain the corresponding signal and transmit its signal to the main controller, and then the main controller controls the first drive motor 26 to stop running and wait for the next process to proceed.

[0060] The second sensing unit includes a second chopper 38 and a second optical coupler 39. The second chopper 38 is connected to the lower end of the connecting sleeve 24. When the second driver 22 drives the lifting rod 20 to rotate, the second chopper 38 also rotates therewith. During the rotation, the second optical coupler 39 can receive the corresponding signal. The second driver 22 is a stepper motor, and its rotation step can be precisely controlled. Therefore, in this structure, through the combination of the stepper motor and the second sensing unit, the first connecting arm 5 and the second connecting arm 14 can be accurately controlled to reciprocate between the corresponding storage rack and the corresponding workstation on the turntable 2, thereby ensuring the automation of the rubber plug assembly and disassembly, the compression assembly and disassembly, and the threaded cap assembly and disassembly.

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the third sensing unit includes a third chopper 40 and a third optical coupler 41, wherein the third chopper 340 is axially mounted on the output shaft of the rotary driver 6, and the third optical coupler 40 is a semicircular light shielding structure, and a notch is provided in the middle of the semicircular light shielding structure, and the third optical coupler 41 is mounted on the first connecting arm 5 for sensing the position of the notch in the middle of the third chopper 40. In this embodiment, when the two clamping blocks 10 are closed, the third optical coupler 41 corresponds to the notch of the third chopper 40. After receiving the driving signal of the main controller, the rotary driver 6 rotates to separate the two clamping blocks 10. A detection electrode 42 for determining the distance between the two connecting blocks 7 is also provided on the first connecting arm 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the two detection electrodes 42 are respectively arranged on the two connection blocks 7; and the detection electrodes can be two adjustable electrodes, or one adjustable electrode and one fixed electrode, both the fixed electrode and the adjustable electrode can be energized, and the adjustable electrode can extend and retract its length when in contact. In this embodiment, when the driving rod 8 rotates to the open state of the two clamping blocks 10, the two detection electrodes 42 are in a disconnected state, and at this time, it can be directly judged that there is no rubber plug 101 or clamping cap 102 on the clamping block. On the contrary, when there is a rubber plug 101 or a clamping cap 102 between the two clamping blocks 10, the two detection electrodes 42 are in a closed state, and at this time, the middle notch of the third chopping piece 40 corresponds to the third optical coupler 41, so as to achieve a more accurate judgment of whether the corresponding rubber plug 101 or clamping cap 102 is clamped on the clamping block 10.

[0062] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, a reset chopper 42 and a reset optical coupler 43 fixed on the mounting plate 1 are coaxially mounted on the connecting shaft 28 at the lower end of the mounting plate 1, and the reset optical coupler 43 is connected to the main controller signal. Each time the machine is turned on or a fault alarm occurs, the output shaft of the drive motor 26 is located in the initial position through the detection induction of the reset optical coupler 43 and the reset chopper 42, thereby ensuring that the first optical coupler 37 accurately finds the corresponding sawtooth protrusion 36 at the initial position.

[0063] The driver mentioned in the above content is preferably a stepper motor, and of course, in other embodiments, it can also be other types of driving elements. The optical couplers mentioned in the above content are all photoelectric signal sensors.

[0064] The above is an explanation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation of the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and its specific structure is allowed to be changed. All changes made within the scope of protection of the independent claims of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction tube automatic assembly and disassembly device, comprising a mounting plate (1), characterized in that: The mounting plate (1) is provided with: A turntable (2), wherein a plurality of receiving grooves (2.1) for inserting reaction tubes (100) are provided on the turntable (2) along the circumferential direction, and an internal thread is provided on the inner side wall of the opening end of the receiving groove (2.1); A rubber stopper installation and removal mechanism (01) is used to automatically install or remove the rubber stopper (101) at the open end of the reaction tube (100); A clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism (02) is used for automatically installing or disassembling a clamping cap (102) at the upper end of a reaction tube (100) and outside a rubber stopper (101); the rubber stopper assembly and disassembly mechanism (01) and the clamping cap assembly and disassembly mechanism (02) have the same structure, both comprising a first storage rack (3), a first support frame (4) and a first connecting arm (5); the first connecting arm (5) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the first support frame (4), and the first support frame (4) is provided with a lifting drive component for driving the first connecting arm (5) to lift and lower, and a rotating drive component for driving the first connecting arm (5) to swing horizontally; the first connecting arm (5) is provided with a chuck for clamping the rubber stopper (101) or the clamping cap (102), and a clamping drive component for driving the chuck to open and close; A threaded cap assembly and disassembly mechanism (03) is used for automatically installing or disassembling a threaded cap (103) at the upper end of the receiving groove (2.1). During installation, the lower end of the threaded cap (103) is pressed against the upper end of the clamping cap (102), so that the reaction tube (100) and the receiving groove (2.1) are relatively stationary when the turntable (2) rotates; the threaded cap assembly and disassembly mechanism (03) comprises a second storage rack (12), a second support rack (13) and a second connecting arm (14); the second connecting arm (14) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the second support rack (13), and the second support rack (13) is provided with a lifting drive component for driving the second connecting arm (14) to lift and lower, and a rotating drive component for driving the second connecting arm (14) to swing horizontally; the second connecting arm (14) is provided with a spiral driving component for driving the threaded cap (103) to spirally engage with the open end of the receiving groove (2.1); The turntable driving mechanism (04) is used to drive each receiving groove (2.1) on the turntable (2) to rotate in sequence to the rubber plug assembly and disassembly station, the pressing cap assembly and disassembly station and the threaded cap assembly and disassembly station.

2. The automatic assembly and disassembly device for reaction tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping drive assembly comprises a rotary driver (6) and two connecting blocks (7); a driving rod (8) is connected to the output shaft of the rotary driver (6); a cam block (9) is provided on the side wall of the driving rod (8); the two connecting blocks (7) are mounted on the first connecting arm (5) to slide toward or away from each other; the clamp comprises two clamping blocks (10), and the upper ends of the two clamping blocks (10) are respectively connected to the corresponding connecting blocks (7); the cam block (9) is fitted between the two connecting blocks (7); the first connecting arm (5) is also provided with a resetting element (11) for driving the connecting block (7) to reset.

3. The automatic assembly and disassembly device for reaction tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral drive assembly comprises an insert (15) that cooperates with a preset plug-in hole on the threaded cap (103), and a rotary driver (16) that drives the insert (15) to rotate; the second connecting arm (14) is also provided with a limiter (17), and the limiter (17) is arranged on the outside of the insert (15). When the insert (15) and the threaded cap (103) are plug-fitted, the limiter (17) is clamped and limited on the outer wall of the threaded cap (103).

4. The automatic assembly and disassembly device for reaction tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive assembly comprises a first conveyor belt (18) and a first driver (19) for driving the first conveyor belt (18) to run in a vertical direction; a lifting rod (20) is provided at one end of the first connecting arm (5) away from the chuck; the lower end of the lifting rod (20) is connected to the first conveyor belt (18); and a limiting hole for the lifting rod (20) to pass through is provided at the upper end of the first supporting frame (4).

5. The automatic assembly and disassembly device for reaction tubes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotation drive assembly comprises a second conveyor belt (21) and a second driver (22), wherein the second driver (22) is mounted on the first support frame (4), and a second driving wheel (23) is provided on the output shaft of the second driver (22), a connecting sleeve (24) is rotatably provided in the limiting hole, a second driven wheel (25) is provided at the upper end of the connecting sleeve (24), and the second driven wheel (25) is sleeved on the outside of the lifting rod (20); a guide groove (20.1) extending along the axial direction thereof is provided on the outer side wall of the lifting rod (20), and a guide protrusion matching the guide groove (20.1) is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting sleeve (24).

6. The automatic assembly and disassembly device for reaction tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable driving mechanism (04) comprises a driving motor (26) and a third conveyor belt (27); a connecting shaft (28) is rotatably provided on the mounting plate (1); the upper end of the connecting shaft (28) is connected to the turntable (2); and the lower end of the connecting shaft (28) is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (26) via the third conveyor belt (27).

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