Auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of agricultural sowing technology, and specifically to an auxiliary seed-filling air suction precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure, comprising an outer shell, a rear body, a transmission mechanism and a seed cleaning mechanism, wherein the outer shell and the rear body are assembled and installed, the seed cleaning mechanism is arranged in the outer shell, the transmission mechanism is arranged in the rear body, a seed disk is arranged on the transmission mechanism, annular bosses are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the rear disk surface of the seed disk, the rear body comprises an air chamber, annular grooves are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the air chamber, a concave-convex sealing structure is formed under the mutual cooperation of the annular boss and the annular groove, the seed disk and the air chamber can be sealed and fitted to form a sealed negative pressure air chamber, and a sealing air cushion is no longer needed to ensure the sealing between the seed disk and the air chamber, and the high-speed rotation of the seed disk and the friction of the sealing air cushion are avoided, resulting in wear and aging of the sealing air cushion, thereby causing a decrease in the operating accuracy of the seed metering device and an increase in the demand for wind pressure.

Description

Technical field:

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sowing, and in particular to an auxiliary seed-filling air-suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure. Background technology:

[0004] Precision seeding is the operation of sowing seeds in a certain quantity and seed spacing into a certain depth of soil. Saving costs and increasing efficiency are the outstanding advantages of precision seeding, which is of great significance to increasing grain yield per unit area, reducing costs and ensuring food security. Seeders, as the core and carrier of precision seeding technology, are crucial to ensuring seeding quality. There are many types of existing seeders, which can be mainly divided into mechanical and pneumatic types according to their working principles. Among pneumatic seeders, air suction seeders are widely used because of their strong adaptability to seed shape and size.

[0005] The working principle of the air-suction seed meter is to rely on the fan to extract the air in the air chamber, thereby forming a vacuum state in the air chamber, and then adsorb the seeds through negative pressure, so as to achieve the effect of effective separation of seed precision, and the seeds adsorbed on the seed disc will reach the seeding area as the seed disc rotates, the negative pressure disappears, and the seeds are evenly seeded under the action of their own weight. In order to achieve a good seeding effect when the air-suction seed meter is used, the sealing of the air chamber must be ensured. Most of the air-suction seed meters on the market currently use rubber sealing air cushions to fit the seed disc, but when the seed meter is working, the seed disc will rotate at high speed, which will aggravate the friction between the seed disc and the sealing air cushion, causing the sealing air cushion to be easily worn and aged, resulting in reduced operating accuracy of the seed meter, increased wind pressure demand and other problems. When the seeder is operating at high speed, the high-speed rotation of the seed disc can easily cause untimely seed filling, resulting in leakage of the suction holes of the seed disc, affecting the operating quality of the seeder; when the air-suction seeder is working, external environmental impurities will enter the seeder through the ventilation holes of the outer shell with the negative pressure airflow, and then block the suction holes of the seed disc. When hard debris blocks the suction holes, the seed disc needs to be rotated to the seed unloading wheel and ejected and cleaned by the seed unloading wheel. If the hard debris is large and stuck on the seed disc, it may not be able to be cleaned by the seed unloading wheel. The seeder needs to be disassembled to clean the seed disc, which is time-consuming and laborious; and when flexible materials such as catkins, hair, etc. block the suction holes, they cannot be effectively cleaned by the seed unloading wheel, thereby affecting the effective seed suction of the seed disc in the next cycle. Summary of the invention:

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned defects and problems, the present invention provides an auxiliary seed-filling air suction precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure. The device is easy to use, and a concave-convex sealing structure is formed by the cooperation of the annular boss and the annular groove, which can make the seed plate and the air chamber seal together. It is no longer necessary to use a sealing air cushion to ensure the sealing between the seed plate and the air chamber bracket. Moreover, under the action of the elastic self-cleaning mechanism, environmental impurities blocked on the suction hole of the seed plate can be cleaned immediately to avoid the situation where environmental impurities are blocked on the suction hole and affect the effective seed suction of the seed plate in the next cycle.

[0008] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an auxiliary seed-filling air suction type precision seed-drilling device with a concave-convex sealing structure of a negative pressure air chamber, comprising an outer shell, a seed-cleaning mechanism, a seed disc, a seed-unloading mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a rear body, the outer shell and the rear body are assembled by buckling, the seed-cleaning mechanism is arranged in the outer shell, the seed-cleaning mechanism comprises a seed-cleaning brush, a fixing rod and a seed-cleaning sawtooth, the seed-cleaning brush is arranged in the outer shell, and one end of the seed-cleaning brush extends out of the outer shell, the seed-cleaning sawtooth is fixed to the inner end of the fixing rod, and the outer end of the fixing rod is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell; a seed inlet is arranged on the outer side of the outer shell, a seed-discharging port is arranged on the side bottom of the outer shell, a seed-carrying guard plate is also arranged in the outer shell, and the bottom end of the seed-carrying guard plate is fixed to the inner bottom of the outer shell; the transmission mechanism is arranged in the rear body, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission disc, a transmission shaft, and a shaft sleeve, the transmission shaft is fixedly sleeved in the rear body through the shaft sleeve, the transmission disc is fixed on the transmission shaft, the seed disc is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the transmission disc is fixed to the rear disc surface of the seed disc The seed discharging mechanism is arranged in the rear body, and a fixing hole is arranged in the rear body, and the fixing hole is fixedly connected, and a plurality of suction holes are evenly arranged on the front disk surface of the seed discharging mechanism along the circumference, and a seed disturbing supporting boss is arranged on the periphery of the suction hole along the circumference, and the front disk surface of the seed discharging mechanism corresponds to the outer body, and an ejection groove corresponding to the suction hole is evenly opened on the rear disk surface of the seed discharging mechanism along the circumference, and an annular boss is arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the ejection groove respectively; the seed discharging mechanism is arranged in the rear body, and a fixing hole is arranged in the rear body, and the seed discharging mechanism comprises a seed discharging wheel, a connecting rod and a fixing seat, and the fixing seat is fixed to the inner wall of the rear body, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer ... One end is hinged to the fixed seat, and the seed unloading wheel is installed at the other end of the connecting rod, and a spring is provided on one side of the connecting rod, and the spring is fixed in the fixing hole, and the seed unloading wheel fits in the ejection groove; the rear body includes an air chamber and an exhaust pipe, and the input end of the exhaust pipe is sealed and connected with the air chamber, and annular grooves corresponding to the annular boss are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the air chamber, and the annular boss on the rear disk surface of the seed disk is sealed and fitted with the annular groove, so that the seed disk and the rear body together constitute a sealed negative pressure chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, an adjusting hole corresponding to the seed cleaning brush is opened on the outer shell, and the outer end of the seed cleaning brush is movably sleeved in the adjusting hole.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a retaining spring and a card table, which are arranged on the outer side wall of the rear body, and a positioning pile is provided on the outer side edge of the outer body, and a mounting hole corresponding to the positioning pile is provided on the outer side edge of the rear body, the positioning pile is matched and sleeved in the mounting hole, and the positioning pile extends out of the mounting hole, one end of the retaining spring is fixed to the positioning pile extending out of the mounting hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the card table.

[0011] Furthermore, the seed carrying guard plate is arranged above the seed discharging port, and the seed carrying guard plate is an arc-shaped structure, the bottom end of the seed carrying guard plate is fixedly connected to the bottom inner part of the outer shell, and the width of the seed carrying guard plate is consistent with the width of the bottom inner part of the outer shell.

[0012] Furthermore, a seed unloading port is provided at the inner bottom of the outer shell, and the seed unloading port corresponds to the seed inlet up and down, and a seed unloading baffle is provided on the seed unloading port, and the seed unloading baffle is detachable.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a seed layer height adjustment plate, a fixed slot is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, the fixed slot is fixed on both sides of the seed inlet, and an adjustment slot is provided on the outer wall of the outer shell, and the seed layer height adjustment plate is sleeved in the fixed slot.

[0014] Furthermore, the seed layer height adjustment plate is rectangular.

[0015] Furthermore, the seed-disturbing support boss is obliquely arranged along the circumferential direction around the suction hole.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] First, it is easy to use. The cooperation between the annular boss and the annular groove forms a concave-convex sealing structure, which can make the seed disc and the air chamber seal together. It is no longer necessary to use a sealing air cushion to ensure the sealing between the seed disc and the air chamber. It also avoids the high-speed rotation of the seed disc and the friction of the sealing air cushion, which leads to wear and aging of the sealing air cushion, thereby causing a decrease in the operating accuracy of the seed meter and an increase in the demand for wind pressure.

[0018] Secondly, with the cooperation of the broken line rocker and the tension spring, the environmental impurities blocked on the suction hole can be cleaned automatically. The end of the broken line rocker is matched and stuck in the slot between two adjacent seed-disturbance holding bosses. The brush set at the end of the broken line rocker can clean the environmental impurities. When the seed disc rotates, the broken line rocker is driven by the resistance of the seed-disturbance holding boss, and the broken line rocker will be separated from the slot between the two adjacent seed-disturbance holding bosses under the elastic force of the tension spring. When the rocker is separated from the slot between the two seed-disturbance holding bosses, the brush at the end of the rocker will clean the suction hole and the slot, clean up the environmental impurities from the suction hole or the slot and discharge them through the seed discharge port, thereby avoiding the situation where the environmental impurities are blocked on the suction hole and affect the effective seed suction of the seed disc in the next cycle.

[0019] Third, a spring is provided in the sleeve, and an elastic pin is matched and arranged in the sleeve. A brush is provided on the elastic pin, and the elastic pin can pop out in the sleeve under the action of the spring. When the broken line type swing arm is driven by the resistance of the seed disturbing support boss, the roller at the bottom of the elastic pin can roll along the inner side surface of the seed disturbing support boss to compress the elastic pin, and the broken line type swing arm will be separated from the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing support bosses under the elastic force of the tension spring. When the broken line type swing arm is separated from the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing support bosses under the elastic force of the tension spring, the elastic pin is no longer in When the hopper is in a compressed state, it will pop out from the sleeve, increasing the length of the elastic pin. When the broken line rocker arm is out of the slot between the two seed-disturbing supporting bosses, the brush on the elastic pin will clean the suction hole and the slot. Through the cooperation between the elastic pin and the sleeve, the cleaning area of ​​the slot between the two adjacent seed-disturbing supporting bosses is increased, avoiding the situation where environmental impurities are stuck near the edge of the slot between the two seed-disturbing supporting bosses and cannot be cleaned due to the short end of the broken line rocker arm, and reducing the seed leakage rate.

[0020] Fourth, under the action of the seed disturbance and support boss set on the front surface of the seed tray, the seed population can be disturbed, the suction holes can absorb seeds more efficiently, and the seeds can be supported, effectively reducing the seed suction wind pressure of the seed meter, increasing the operating speed, and ensuring the precise sowing of seeds.

[0021] Fifth, under the action of the seed carrying guard plate, the seeds adsorbed by the seed tray can be prevented from falling, thereby improving the adsorption effect of the seed tray. Description of the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is one of the structural decomposition diagrams of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the second structural decomposition diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the assembled structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure after assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the rear body and seed tray.

[0028] Figure 6 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the outer shell structure.

[0029] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the outer shell structure.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of part A in FIG.

[0031] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structural use status of an elastic self-cleaning mechanism.

[0032] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B in FIG.

[0033] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the outer shell structure 3.

[0034] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C in FIG.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of another structural usage state of the elastic self-cleaning mechanism.

[0036] Fig.14 for Fig.13 An enlarged schematic diagram of part D in FIG.

[0037] Fig.15 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the seed plate structure.

[0038] Fig.16 Seed plate structure diagram 2

[0039] Fig.17 Seed plate structure diagram 3

[0040] Fig.18 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the seed plate structure.

[0041] Fig.19 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the rear fuselage structure.

[0042] Fig. 20 This is the second schematic diagram of the rear fuselage structure.

[0043] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 A-A' section view.

[0044] In the figure: 1-outer shell, 102-adjusting groove, 103-seed inlet, 104-seed layer height adjustment plate, 105-seed discharge port, 106-seed unloading plate, 107-positioning pile, 108-seed unloading port, 109-seed carrying baffle, 2-fixing rod, 201-seed cleaning sawtooth, 202-seed cleaning brush, 3-seed plate, 301-suction hole, 302-seed disturbing support boss, 303-circular boss, 304-ejection groove, 4-seed unloading mechanism, 401-seed unloading wheel, 402-connecting rod, 403-fixed seat, 5-transmission Disk, 501-shaft sleeve, 502-transmission shaft, 6-fixing hole, 7-exhaust pipe, 71-air inlet, 72-air outlet, 8-rear body, 801-negative pressure air chamber, 802-mounting hole, 803-annular groove, 9-circlip, 10-elastic self-cleaning mechanism, 1001-fixed seat, 1002-cross bar, 1003-broken line rocker, 1004-brush, 1005-tension spring fixing seat, 1006-tension spring, 11-sleeve, 12-elastic pin, 13-roller, 14-card table, 15-fixed card slot. Specific implementation method:

[0046] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] Example 1: In order to achieve a good seeding effect when an air-suction seed metering device is used, the sealing of the air chamber must be ensured. Most of the existing air-suction seed metering devices use a rubber sealing air cushion to fit the seed disc, but when the seed metering device is operating, the seed disc will rotate at high speed, which will intensify the friction between the seed disc and the sealing air cushion, causing the sealing air cushion to be easily worn and aged, thereby causing the operating accuracy of the seed metering device to decrease and the demand for wind pressure to increase.

[0048] In view of the above problems, this embodiment provides an auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure, such as Figure 1-2As shown, it includes an outer shell 1 and a rear body 8, the outer side wall of the rear body 8 is provided with a retaining spring 9 and a card table 14, the retaining spring 9 is fixed to the rear body 8 by bolts, the outer side edge of the rear body 8 is provided with a mounting hole 802, the outer side edge of the outer shell 1 is provided with a positioning pile 107, the positioning pile 107 of the outer shell 1 is fixed in the mounting hole 802 and extends out of the mounting hole 802, one end of the retaining spring 9 is fixed to the positioning pile 107 extending out of the mounting hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the card table, the outer shell 1 and the rear body 8 are snap-fitted and installed together by the retaining spring 9, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly; a ventilation hole is provided on the top of the outer shell 1, and the outside air enters the outer shell 1 through the ventilation hole, a seed inlet 103 is provided on the outer side of the outer shell 1, and the seeds enter the seeding device from the seed inlet 103, a seeding port 105 is provided on the side bottom of the outer shell 1, and a seed carrying baffle 109 is provided on the inner bottom of the outer shell 1, and the seed carrying baffle 109 is arc-shaped, and the seed carrying baffle 109 is arc-shaped. The bottom end of the plate 109 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the outer shell 1, the width of the seed carrying baffle 109 is consistent with the width of the inner bottom of the outer shell 1, the top of the seed carrying baffle 109 is higher than the seed inlet 103, and the seed carrying baffle 109 can prevent the seeds from falling after the seeds are adsorbed by the seed tray 3. A seed unloading port 108 is provided at the inner bottom of the outer shell 1 inside the seed carrying baffle 109, and the seed unloading port 108 corresponds to the seed inlet 103 up and down, and a seed unloading port 108 is installed The seed plate 106 and the seed unloading plate 106 are detachable. Under the action of the seed carrying baffle 109, the seed carrying baffle 109 separates the seed unloading port 108 and the seed discharge port 105 to form a seed filling area and a seed discharge area. The inner side of the seed carrying baffle 109 is the seed filling area, and the outer side is the seed discharge area. The seeds enter the seed filling area through the seed inlet 103. When the seed type needs to be changed or the seeds need to be unloaded during operation, the seed unloading plate 106 is removed, and the seeds can be discharged through the seed unloading port 108.

[0049] An adjusting hole 110 is provided on the outer shell 1, and a seed cleaning mechanism is provided in the outer shell 1. The seed cleaning mechanism includes a fixed rod 2, a seed cleaning sawtooth 201 and a seed cleaning brush 202. The outer end of the seed cleaning brush 202 is movably sleeved in the adjusting hole 110 and extends out of the adjusting hole 110. The seed cleaning brush 202 can be adjusted through the adjusting hole 110. One end of the fixed rod 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 1, and the seed cleaning sawtooth 201 is fixed to the other end of the fixed rod 2. The mutual cooperation can remove the excess seeds adsorbed by the suction holes 301 of the seed plate 3; a fixed card slot 15 is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell 1, and the fixed card slot 15 is fixed on the two side edges of the seed inlet 103. A seed layer height adjustment plate 104 is installed in the fixed card slot 15. The seed layer height adjustment plate 104 is rectangular, and an adjustment slot 102 is provided on the outer shell 1. Through the adjustment slot 102, the seed layer height adjustment plate 104 can be moved in the fixed card slot 15 according to needs to adjust the population height of the seed filling area.

[0050] A transmission shaft 502 is provided in the rear body 8, and the transmission shaft 502 is fixedly sleeved in the rear body 8 through a shaft sleeve 501. A transmission disc 5 is fixed on the rear body 8, and a seed disc 3 is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft 502. The transmission disc 5 is fixedly connected to the rear disc surface of the seed disc 3, and the front disc surface of the seed disc 3 corresponds to the outer shell 1, and the rear disc surface of the seed disc 3 corresponds to the rear body 8. Figure 15-18 As shown, a plurality of suction holes 301 are evenly arranged along the circumference on the front disk surface of the seed disk 3, and seed disturbing holding bosses 302 are arranged circumferentially around the suction holes 301. The seed disturbing holding bosses 302 are obliquely arranged circumferentially around the suction holes 301, and a card slot is formed between each adjacent seed disturbing holding boss 302. Ejection grooves 304 corresponding to the suction holes 301 are evenly opened along the circumference on the rear disk surface of the seed disk 3, and the suction holes 301 are connected to the ejection grooves 304. Circular bosses 303 are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the ejection grooves 304, and a fixing hole 6 is also provided in the rear body 8; as shown Figure 19-21 As shown, a fixing seat 403 is fixed on the inner wall of the rear body 8, a connecting rod 402 is provided on the fixing seat 403, one end of the connecting rod 402 is hinged to the fixing seat 403, a seed unloading wheel 401 is installed on the other end of the connecting rod 402, a spring is fixed on the side of the connecting rod 402, the spring is fixedly sleeved in the fixing hole 6, and the seed unloading wheel 401 can always fit with the ejection groove 304 on the rear disk surface of the seed disk 3 under the elastic force of the spring to perform meshing movement, and can rotate with the rotation of the seed disk 3 to suck the front disk surface of the seed disk 3 The seeds adsorbed by the hole 301 are ejected; an air chamber 801 is provided in the rear body 8, and an exhaust pipe 7 is provided on the rear body 8. The air inlet 71 of the exhaust pipe 7 is sealed and connected with the air chamber 801, and the air outlet 72 of the exhaust pipe 7 is connected with the external negative pressure fan. An annular groove 803 corresponding to the annular boss 303 is opened on the inner and outer sides of the air chamber 801, and the annular boss 303 on the rear disk surface of the seed tray 3 is sealed and fitted with the annular groove 803 on the air chamber 801, and the seed tray 3 and the air chamber 801 together constitute a sealed negative pressure chamber.

[0051] When using, Figure 3-4As shown, the outer shell 1 is assembled and fixed with the rear body 8, and the seeds enter the seed filling area of ​​the outer shell 1 through the seed inlet 103. The negative pressure fan is connected to the air outlet 72 of the exhaust pipe 7. The air chamber 801 forms a sealed negative pressure air chamber with the seed tray 3 through the annular groove 803 and the annular boss 303. The negative pressure of the sealed negative pressure air chamber acts on the seeds in the seed filling area on the front disk surface of the seed tray 3 through the suction hole 301. The seeds are adsorbed on the suction hole 301 under the combined action of the negative pressure and the seed disturbing support boss 302. The seed-holding boss 302 can not only cause the disturbance of the seed population, but also enable the suction hole 301 to absorb seeds more efficiently, and can also hold the seeds. The transmission shaft 502 rotates under the action of external force, and the seed plate 3 is driven to rotate by the transmission plate 5. When the seed plate 3 rotates to the upper part of the outer shell 1, the excess seeds are cleaned by the seed-cleaning saw teeth 201 and the seed-cleaning brush 202 and fall into the seed filling area. The seed plate 3 continues to rotate to reach the upper part of the seed-carrying guard plate 109, and the seed-carrying guard plate 109 is used to prevent the seeds from being caught. The seeds that have been absorbed by the suction holes 301 on the seed tray 3 fall off, and the seed tray 3 continues to rotate to the upper part of the seed unloading wheel 401. When the seed tray 3 rotates to the seed unloading wheel 401, since the seed unloading wheel 401 and the ejection groove 304 on the rear disk surface of the seed tray 3 are always in meshing motion, they can rotate with the rotation of the seed tray 3 to eject the seeds absorbed by the suction holes 301 on the front disk surface of the seed tray 3, and the negative pressure of the sealed negative pressure air chamber is also blocked. The seeds are pushed out by the combined force of gravity, centrifugal force and the ejection force of the seed unloading wheel 401. Under the action, it falls into the seed discharge port 105 to complete the seed discharge operation, and the circular annular boss 303 and the circular annular groove 803 cooperate with each other to form a concave-convex sealing structure, which can make the seed disc 3 and the air chamber 801 seal and fit. It is no longer necessary to use a sealing air cushion to ensure the sealing between the seed disc 3 and the air chamber 801, and it avoids the high-speed rotation of the seed disc 3 and the friction of the sealing air cushion, which leads to wear and aging of the sealing air cushion, thereby causing the operation accuracy of the seeding device to be reduced and the wind pressure demand to increase.

[0052] Embodiment 2, an auxiliary seed-filling air-suction precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure in this embodiment is described centering on the differences from Embodiment 1.

[0053] In this embodiment, Figure 7-10 As shown, an elastic self-cleaning mechanism 10 is provided at the seeding port of the outer shell 1. The elastic self-cleaning mechanism 10 includes a fixing seat 1001. The fixing seat 1001 is fixed at an eccentric position of the inner wall of the outer shell 1. Figure 4 As shown, a cross bar 1002 is horizontally fixed on the fixed seat 1001, and the end of the cross bar 1002 does not contact the seed plate 3 and does not affect the rotation of the seed plate 3. A broken line swing rod 1003 is hinged at the end of the cross bar 1002, and a brush 1004 is mounted on the end of the broken line swing rod 1003. Fig. 9As shown, the end of the swing rod 1003 can match and be stuck in the slot between two adjacent seed-disturbing supporting bosses 302 on the seed tray 3, and a tension spring fixing seat 105 is fixed on the inner side wall of the outer shell 1, one end of the tension spring 106 is fixedly connected to the tension spring fixing seat 105, and the other end is fixedly connected to the broken line swing rod 1003; when the seed meter is working, the external environmental impurities enter the seed meter through the ventilation hole of the outer shell with the negative pressure airflow and block on the suction hole 301. Under the mutual cooperation of the broken line swing rod 1003 and the tension spring 1006, the environmental impurities blocked on the suction hole 301 can be cleaned up by themselves, and the end of the broken line swing rod 1003 matches and is stuck in the slot between two adjacent seed-disturbing supporting bosses 302 on the seed tray 3, and the brush set at the end of the broken line swing rod 1003 1004 can clean environmental impurities. When the seed disc 3 rotates, the broken line rocker arm 1003 is driven by the resistance of the seed disturbing supporting boss 302, and the broken line rocker arm 1003 is separated from the slot between two adjacent seed disturbing supporting bosses 302 under the elastic force of the tension spring 1006. When the broken line rocker arm 1003 is separated from the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing supporting bosses 302, the brush 1004 at the end of the broken line rocker arm 1003 will clean the suction hole 301 and the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing supporting bosses 302, and clean the environmental impurities from the suction hole 301 and the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing supporting bosses 302 and discharge them through the seed discharge port 105, thereby avoiding the situation where the environmental impurities are blocked on the suction hole 301 and affect the effective seed suction of the seed disc 3 in the next cycle.

[0054] Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, an auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure is described centering on the differences from Embodiment 2.

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 11-14 As shown, a sleeve 11 is installed at the end of the broken line swing rod 1003, and a pressure spring is arranged in the sleeve 11. The elastic pin 12 is matched and sleeved in the sleeve 11 through the pressure spring. A brush is sleeved on the inner side of the elastic pin 12, and a roller 13 is sleeved on the bottom end of the elastic pin 12. The elastic pin 12 can pop out in the sleeve 11 under the action of the pressure spring. When the broken line swing rod 1003 is driven by the resistance of the seed disturbing support boss 302, the roller 13 at the bottom of the elastic pin 12 can roll along the inner side of the seed disturbing support boss 302 to compress the elastic pin 12, and the broken line swing rod 1003 is separated from the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing support bosses 302 under the elastic force of the tension spring 1006. When the broken line swing rod 1003 is separated from the slot between the two adjacent seed disturbing support bosses 302 under the elastic force of the tension spring 1006, as shown in FIG. Fig.14As shown, the elastic pin 12 is no longer in a compressed state and will pop out from the sleeve 11, thereby increasing the length of the elastic pin 12. When the broken line rocker 1003 is out of the slot between the two seed-disturbing support bosses 302, the brush on the inner side of the elastic pin 12 will clean the suction hole 301 and the slot between the two seed-disturbing support bosses 302, and through the mutual cooperation between the elastic pin 12 and the sleeve 11, the cleaning area of ​​the slot between two adjacent seed-disturbing support bosses 302 is increased, thereby avoiding the situation where environmental impurities are stuck at the edge of the slot between the two seed-disturbing support bosses 30 and cannot be cleaned due to the short end of the broken line rocker 1003, and reducing the seed leakage rate.

[0056] Example 4, an auxiliary seed-filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure in this embodiment is described centering on the differences from Example 1.

[0057] In the present embodiment, the seed disc 3 is a composite disc, comprising a basic disc body and a flexible disc body, the rear disc surface of the basic disc body is fixedly connected to the transmission disc 5, a plurality of suction holes are evenly opened on the front disc surface of the basic disc body along the circumferential direction, and a seed disturbing holding boss 302 is circumferentially provided around the suction hole 301, and the seed disturbing holding boss 302 is obliquely arranged around the suction hole 301 along the circumferential direction, and a slot is formed between each adjacent seed disturbing holding boss 302, and ejection grooves 304 corresponding to the suction holes 301 are evenly opened on the rear disc surface of the seed disc 3 along the circumferential direction, the suction holes 301 and the ejection grooves 304 are connected to each other, and annular bosses 303 are provided on the inner and outer sides of the ejection grooves 304, and through holes corresponding to the suction holes 301 and the seed disturbing holding bosses 302 are opened on the flexible disc body along the circumferential direction, and the flexible disc body is fixedly connected to the basic disc body as a whole through the through holes, and the seeds can pass through The seeds enter the seed filling area of ​​the outer shell 1 through the seed inlet 103, and the negative pressure fan is connected to the air outlet 72 of the exhaust pipe 7. The air chamber 801 forms a sealed negative pressure air chamber with the seed tray 3 through the annular groove 803 and the annular boss 303. The negative pressure of the sealed negative pressure air chamber acts on the seeds in the seed filling area on the front surface of the seed tray 3 through the suction hole 301. The seeds are adsorbed on the through holes on the flexible disk body corresponding to the suction holes 301 under the combined action of the negative pressure and the seed supporting boss 302. Because the flexible disk body is flexible, when seeds with larger particle sizes are adsorbed, the seeds can be sucked and embedded in the through holes of the flexible disk body, reducing the gap between the seeds and the suction holes 301, reducing the wind pressure requirement of the seed metering device, and avoiding the situation where the seeds fall from the suction holes 301 after being adsorbed by the suction holes 301 due to the excessive gap between the seeds and the suction holes 301 and the unstable adsorption of the suction holes 301.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure, comprising an outer shell, a seed cleaning mechanism, a seed tray, a seed unloading mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a rear body, wherein the outer shell and the rear body are assembled by buckling, characterized in that: The seed cleaning mechanism is arranged in the outer shell, and the seed cleaning mechanism includes a seed cleaning brush, a fixing rod and a seed cleaning sawtooth. The seed cleaning brush is arranged in the outer shell, and one end of the seed cleaning brush extends out of the outer shell, and an adjustment hole corresponding to the seed cleaning brush is opened on the outer shell, and the outer end of the seed cleaning brush is movably sleeved in the adjustment hole, and the seed cleaning sawtooth is fixed on the inner end of the fixing rod, and the outer end of the fixing rod is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell; a seed inlet is arranged on the outer side of the outer shell, and a seed discharge port is arranged on the side bottom of the outer shell, and a seed carrying guard plate is also arranged in the outer shell, and the bottom end of the seed carrying guard plate is connected to the outer The bottom of the shell is fixed; the transmission mechanism is arranged in the rear body, and the transmission mechanism includes a transmission plate, a transmission shaft, and a shaft sleeve. The transmission shaft is fixedly sleeved in the rear body through the shaft sleeve, and the transmission plate is fixed on the transmission shaft, and the seed plate is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the transmission plate is fixedly connected to the rear plate surface of the seed plate, and the front plate surface of the seed plate is evenly provided with a plurality of suction holes along the circumference, and a seed disturbing holding boss is circumferentially provided around the suction holes, and the front plate surface of the seed plate corresponds to the outer shell, and the rear plate surface of the seed plate is evenly provided with ejection grooves corresponding to the suction holes along the circumference, Circular bosses are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the ejection groove; the seed unloading mechanism is arranged in the rear body, and a fixing hole is arranged in the rear body, the seed unloading mechanism comprises a seed unloading wheel, a connecting rod and a fixing seat, the fixing seat is fixed to the inner wall of the rear body, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fixing seat, the seed unloading wheel is installed at the other end of the connecting rod, and a spring is arranged on one side of the connecting rod, the spring sleeve is fixed in the fixing hole, and the seed unloading wheel fits the ejection groove; the rear body comprises an air chamber and an exhaust pipe, the input end of the exhaust pipe is sealed and connected to the air chamber, and the inner and outer sides of the air chamber are connected. Circular grooves corresponding to the circular bosses are respectively provided, and the circular bosses on the rear disk surface of the seed disk are sealed and fitted with the circular grooves, so that the seed disk and the rear body together constitute a sealed negative pressure chamber; it also includes a retaining spring and a clamping platform, the retaining spring and the clamping platform are arranged on the outer side wall of the rear body, a positioning pile is provided on the outer edge of the outer shell, and a mounting hole corresponding to the positioning pile is provided on the outer edge of the rear body, the positioning pile is matched and fitted in the mounting hole, and the positioning pile extends out of the mounting hole, one end of the retaining spring is fixed to the positioning pile extending out of the mounting hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping platform.

2. The auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The seed carrying guard plate is arranged above the seed discharging port, and the seed carrying guard plate is an arc structure, the bottom end of the seed carrying guard plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the outer shell, and the width of the seed carrying guard plate is consistent with the width of the inner bottom of the outer shell.

3. The auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A seed unloading port is arranged at the inner bottom of the outer shell, and the seed unloading port corresponds to the seed inlet up and down. A seed unloading baffle is arranged on the seed unloading port, and the seed unloading baffle is detachable.

4. The auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a seed layer height adjustment plate, a fixed card slot is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, the fixed card slot is fixed on both sides of the seed inlet, and an adjustment slot is provided on the outer wall of the outer shell, and the seed layer height adjustment plate is sleeved in the fixed card slot.

5. The auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seed layer height adjustment plate is rectangular.

6. The auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with a negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed-disturbing support boss is obliquely arranged along the circumferential direction around the suction hole.

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