Generator charging circuit and battery isolator, charger, inverter, carrier

Abstract

The present invention discloses a generator charging circuit, a battery isolator, a charger, an inverter, and a carrier. The charging circuit comprises a management circuit, a switching circuit, a delay circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit, and a power supply circuit. The management circuit determines the delayed charging time and charging current based on the detected generator output voltage, ensuring that the main battery voltage is not undervoltage and the generator output is not overloaded, while simultaneously charging the secondary battery at the maximum possible power. Using PWM mode control, the secondary battery operates as a completely independent charging system from the main battery, allowing charging to fully comply with the battery manufacturer's charging curve specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electronic technology, and specifically relates to electrical components for automobiles and ships. Background Art

[0002] For the convenience of description, the present invention defines the following terms:

[0003] "Switching tube" refers to an electronic component in the present invention, which is a general term for triode, Darlington tube and field effect tube;

[0004] "Voice chip" is a general term for the following three types of chips: dedicated voice chips, memory with voice data, or MCU with voice function. Some voice chips use the "binding" (COB) method, such as most reversing chips;

[0005] "mcu" refers to microprocessor;

[0006] "Speakers" include buzzer speakers or dynamic speakers commonly used in the market;

[0007] "Power amplifier circuit" refers to a power amplifier circuit used for voice signals;

[0008] A "battery isolator," also known as a "dual battery isolator," refers to an appliance that uses its own generator to charge an external secondary battery;

[0009] "Charger" means an electrical appliance that uses mains electricity to charge the secondary battery;

[0010] "Inverter" refers to an appliance that converts the power of a secondary battery into AC 220V mains electricity, facilitating the use of household appliances such as microwave ovens, water heaters, stereos, air conditioners, etc.

[0011] "Carrier" refers to a vehicle or vessel that is equipped with the battery isolator, charger, or inverter. Such as RVs, caravans, private cars, trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, sailboats, etc., which are used for long-term travel and have their own generators to charge their main batteries, and users also need to add additional secondary batteries to provide convenience. During operation, the surplus power generated by the generator is used to charge the secondary battery;

[0012] "Main battery" refers to the battery required for the operation of the above-mentioned carrier itself, such as the starter motor, lights, audio, instruments and other electrical components. It is generally of small capacity;

[0013] A "secondary battery" is an independent storage battery that is installed separately for home appliances. It generally has a larger capacity. All operations of the present invention revolve around charging this secondary battery.

[0014] People often spend extended periods outdoors traveling or working away from home, such as in RVs, motorhomes, private cars, trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, and sailboats. To improve their quality of life, they often rely on numerous appliances. However, the power available to power the vehicle's or boat's primary power supply is limited due to the limited capacity of the main battery, necessitating the use of an external, high-capacity secondary battery. The traditional approach involves installing a high-capacity secondary battery, employing a dual-battery isolator, and charging the secondary battery using the vehicle's or boat's existing generator. Charging with mains power is also possible, but finding a charging station can be difficult and requires parking the vehicle or boat.

[0015] Traditional dual-battery isolators use power diodes or relays to directly route the generator output to the secondary battery, effectively connecting the primary and secondary batteries in parallel. The secondary battery's charging is protected by no current limiting. The generator then simultaneously loads two batteries. Furthermore, the secondary battery's capacity is often many times greater than the primary battery's. The control process involves delaying charging for a specified period of time when the primary battery's voltage falls below a certain threshold, thus avoiding the peak current experienced during generator ignition.

[0016] The shortcomings of the traditional model are:

[0017] The generator burns out when the car or boat stops on the way: Taking a car as an example, the generator is generally around 1000 watts, and the 12V power generation current is only 100A. When a large-capacity secondary battery, such as 400AH, is charged at the moment of feeding power, the charging current can reach more than 200A. When the charging current of the main battery is added at the same time, the load power of the generator exceeds twice, and the generator may burn out soon. However, the user may not know this at this time, and will find that the car or boat has stopped when the main battery is undervoltage. At this time, the car may be halfway and the boat may be in the sea. In addition, the voltage regulator of the generator may also burn out. The root cause here is that the traditional battery isolator has unlimited current;

[0018] Damage to the secondary battery: The typical battery charging current is less than 0.1C, or 10% of its capacity. A 400AH battery can only be charged at a maximum current of 40A. This is clearly not possible with traditional isolators, which lack current limiting capabilities.

[0019] The secondary battery cannot be fully charged: This is because it cannot achieve the three-stage or five-stage charging of the secondary battery. The three-stage charging is: constant current - constant voltage - float charge; the five-stage charging is: pre-charge - constant current - constant voltage - trickle charge - float charge. Obviously, traditional isolators cannot achieve this.

[0020] The secondary battery lacks temperature compensation and temperature protection: Battery manufacturers require temperature compensation with a specific temperature coefficient. Different charging voltages are applied in winter and summer. Furthermore, charging is stopped when the temperature exceeds a specific value, i.e., temperature protection. This is clearly not possible with traditional isolators.

[0021] The secondary battery cannot be charged if it is of different types: for example, the main battery is lead-acid and the secondary battery is lithium-ion;

[0022] The secondary battery cannot be charged if the voltage is different: for example, the main battery is 24V and the secondary battery is 12V;

[0023] High power consumption: Traditional isolators rely on relays, which require large currents, often greater than 30-50mA. Diode forward conduction also consumes a lot of power: for example, if the diode is charged at 50A and the voltage drop is 0.5V, the power consumption is 50*0.5=25W.

[0024] Short service life: because the relay has contacts;

[0025] Large size and high cost: Power diodes and relays are large and expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to replace the structure of the power diode or relay of the traditional dual-battery isolator that charges the secondary battery with a precise PWM mode control to ensure that the generator is not overloaded and the main battery is not undervoltage, thereby solving the problems of the traditional dual-battery isolator mentioned above.

[0027] A generator charging circuit:

[0028] The charging circuit includes a management circuit, a switch circuit, a delay circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit, and a power supply circuit.

[0029] The switch circuit is connected in series with the secondary battery charging main circuit. The series connection is a series connection, and the specific connection circuit depends on the different positions or layouts of the secondary battery, the switch circuit, and the sampling circuit. Figure 1 The connection relationship is just one of them. There are 5 other layouts, such as Figure 7 All six layouts can achieve PWM control.

[0030] The switching circuit includes a switching transistor, which is used to implement PWM and is the core component of the present invention. Currently, the most commonly used is a MOSFET. Low-power transistors use a single transistor, while high-power transistors are connected in parallel.

[0031] The secondary battery is connected to the voltage monitoring circuit, and the voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the management circuit for detecting the terminal voltage of the secondary battery.

[0032] The management circuit has two modes: non-intelligent mode and intelligent mode.

[0033] In non-intelligent mode, the key PWM function of the present invention can be implemented using op amp chips, logic circuit chips, power supply chips, general-purpose chips, and pulse-specific chips, without programming. 555 chips are particularly convenient, and the circuitry is relatively simple. Non-intelligent mode is recommended for applications without precise current limiting, temperature protection and compensation, multiple settings, or multiple displays.

[0034] In the intelligent mode, the MCU chip is preferred, which can complete complex multiple functions with its powerful function integration and software programming. The present invention preferably uses the MCU circuit as the management circuit.

[0035] The voltage monitoring circuit includes several resistors, capacitors, or operational amplifier chips to adjust the terminal voltage signal of the secondary battery and the output signal of the generator to the voltage range of the management circuit. The simplest circuit is some voltage divider circuit and filter circuit.

[0036] The management circuit is connected to the delay circuit, which is in turn connected to the switch circuit. In non-intelligent mode, the delay circuit is constructed using discrete components. In intelligent mode, wires are directly connected and the delay is implemented using software programming.

[0037] The management circuit controls the switch circuit via the delay circuit, controlling the charging current of the secondary battery in a PWM mode. This is the biggest technical solution that distinguishes the present invention from traditional battery isolators and is a prominent manifestation of its novelty.

[0038] Furthermore, the PWM charging mode can easily achieve pulse charging, which is particularly beneficial for polarization activation of secondary battery performance, extending its life, and stabilizing its charge and discharge capacity. It also has a certain battery repair function.

[0039] The voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the generator output positive line, which is also the positive line of the main battery, and is used to detect the generator output voltage.

[0040] The management circuit determines the delayed charging time and charging current based on the detected generator output voltage, ensuring the main battery is not undervoltage and the generator output is not overloaded, while simultaneously charging the secondary battery at the maximum possible power. This is the primary purpose of the present invention, and is beyond the capabilities of conventional relay isolators.

[0041] Thanks to the PWM control mode, the secondary battery charging system is completely independent of the main battery charging system, allowing charging to be performed in accordance with the secondary battery manufacturer's charging curve specifications. The generator charging circuit acts as an independent charger for the secondary battery. Therefore, the voltages of the main and secondary batteries can differ. For example, if the main battery voltage is 14V, the secondary battery voltage can be 11V. During different charging stages, the secondary battery's terminal voltage differs from the main battery voltage. For example, if the main battery voltage is 24V, the secondary battery voltage can be 12V. If the batteries are of the same type, such as maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, the terminal voltages of the two batteries will only be the same when the secondary battery is fully charged. Furthermore, the main and secondary batteries can be of different types, such as a lead-acid battery for the main battery and a lithium battery for the secondary battery. Charging the secondary battery can be performed in either a three-stage or five-stage manner. The three-stage method is: constant current - constant voltage - float charge; the five-stage method is: precharge - constant current - constant voltage - trickle charge - float charge. This is the most scientific charging method.

[0042] Therefore, the application characteristic of the generator charging circuit is the situation where the voltage of the main battery is greater than or equal to that of the secondary battery. That is, the charging voltage of the secondary battery is limited by the rated voltage of the main battery.

[0043] The power supply circuit supplies power to the entire system circuit.

[0044] The charging circuit includes a current sampling circuit. The sampling circuit includes a sampling resistor, a current transformer, an operational amplifier chip, or a common resistor and capacitor. The circuit amplifies the weak terminal voltage signal of the sampling resistor to a range that can be sampled by the management circuit.

[0045] The current sampling circuit is connected in series in the charging circuit of the secondary battery and the switch circuit. The position of the current sampling circuit in the charging circuit of the secondary battery can be flexibly adjusted. Figure 1 、 Figure 7 .

[0046] The current sampling circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used for accurately controlling the charging current and overcurrent protection of the secondary battery.

[0047] The charging circuit includes a battery temperature detection circuit. The battery temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is closely attached to the secondary battery.

[0048] The battery temperature detection circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used to accurately control the charging temperature compensation and over-temperature protection of the secondary battery. The temperature compensation is to correct the charging voltage according to the temperature of the secondary battery. The higher the temperature, the lower the voltage.

[0049] Low-end isolators do not use the battery temperature detection circuit in order to save costs.

[0050] The charging circuit includes a radiator temperature detection circuit. The radiator temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is closely attached to the radiator.

[0051] The heat sink temperature detection circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used to protect the temperature of the switching circuit. When the heat sink temperature reaches the rated limit, the charging current will be reduced or charging will be stopped to protect the safety of the switching transistor of the switching circuit, otherwise it will easily burn out.

[0052] Low-end isolators or low-power isolators do not use the heat sink temperature detection circuit in order to save costs or because it is not necessary.

[0053] The charging circuit includes a heat dissipation circuit, and the heat dissipation circuit may include an electric fan.

[0054] The heat dissipation circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used for dissipating heat from the switch circuit.

[0055] Low-end isolators or low-power isolators do not use the heat dissipation circuit or electric fan in order to save costs or because it is unnecessary.

[0056] The charging circuit includes a setting circuit and a feedback circuit.

[0057] The setting circuit includes a single item or a combination of multiple items including a button, a rotary switch, a dip switch and a potentiometer.

[0058] The setting circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used to set various parameters of the generator charging circuit or perform certain operations, such as setting the charging current, delay time, battery voltage, temperature compensation coefficient, etc., or performing operations such as turning the generator on and off, and starting the motor with a power switch.

[0059] Low-end isolators have these parameters fixed, so there is no need to set up the circuit.

[0060] The feedback circuit includes a single item or a combination of multiple items including an LED, an LCD, a buzzer, and a voice speaker.

[0061] The feedback circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used to display or report various parameters of the generator charging circuit.

[0062] If voice is used to replace the display of LED and LCD, the feedback circuit also includes a voice chip, a power amplifier circuit and a speaker.

[0063] The application feature of the generator charging circuit is the situation where the voltage of the main battery is greater than or equal to the secondary battery. It cannot be used when the voltage of the secondary battery is greater than that of the main battery.

[0064] A battery isolator:

[0065] The isolator includes the generator charging circuit described above.

[0066] A charger:

[0067] The charger includes the generator charging circuit and a traditional AC charger circuit.

[0068] The traditional AC charger circuit includes MCU circuit, setting circuit, feedback circuit, voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, radiator temperature detection circuit, power supply circuit, etc., which can be used for generator charging circuit.

[0069] The conventional AC charger circuit is connected to the generator charging circuit, and its resources are used to manage the generator charging circuit. The auxiliary battery can be charged with AC power as well as with the generator, thereby saving costs and space, and having two uses in one device.

[0070] The purpose of integrating the battery isolator into the traditional AC charger is to utilize some of its resources to serve as some circuits of the above-mentioned isolator, such as MCU circuit, setting circuit, feedback circuit, voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, heat sink temperature detection circuit, power supply circuit, etc.

[0071] An inverter:

[0072] The inverter includes the above-mentioned generator charging circuit and a traditional inverter circuit.

[0073] The traditional inverter circuit includes MCU circuit, setting circuit, feedback circuit, voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, heat sink temperature detection circuit, power supply circuit, etc., which can be used for generator charging circuit.

[0074] The traditional inverter circuit is connected to the generator charging circuit, and its resources are used to manage the generator charging circuit. The auxiliary battery can be used to invert into AC220v power and the generator can be used to charge the auxiliary battery, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost and space, and using one machine for two purposes.

[0075] The purpose of integrating the battery isolator into the traditional inverter is to utilize some of its resources to serve as some circuits of the above-mentioned isolator, such as MCU circuit, setting circuit, feedback circuit, voltage monitoring circuit, heat dissipation circuit, heat sink temperature detection circuit, power supply circuit, etc.

[0076] A carrier:

[0077] The carrier is installed with the battery isolator, the charger, or the inverter.

[0078] The above-mentioned carriers are a general term, including RVs, motorhomes, private cars, large trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, sailboats, etc.

[0079] Effects of the present invention:

[0080] Protect the generator from burning out, without stopping the ship halfway: PWM charging is used to strictly control the charging current to ensure that the generator is not overloaded. In addition, a delay circuit is added to avoid the engine starting time;

[0081] Do not damage the secondary battery: Use PWM charging to strictly control the charging current and voltage;

[0082] The secondary battery can be fully charged: Because the charging circuit of the present invention is independent of the main battery charging system, it can be fully based on the charging algorithm of the secondary battery and flexibly use three-stage or five-stage charging;

[0083] The secondary battery has temperature compensation and temperature protection: it can be charged according to the temperature compensation coefficient specified by the manufacturer. Different charging voltages are used in winter and summer. Moreover, charging can be stopped when the temperature exceeds a specific value, i.e., temperature protection. This is because the present invention has a battery temperature detection circuit;

[0084] Different types of secondary batteries can also be charged: for example, if the main battery is lead-acid and the secondary battery is lithium-ion, it can be charged as long as the voltage of the main battery is greater than or equal to the voltage of the secondary battery;

[0085] The secondary battery can also be charged if its voltage is different: for example, the main battery is 24V and the secondary battery is 12V;

[0086] Low power consumption: PWM control, the operating current of the switching circuit is less than 3mA;

[0087] Long service life: because the switch tube is contactless;

[0088] Small size and low cost: Switching tubes, especially MOS, are smaller and cheaper than relays. They can be charged directly without a power diode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the generator charging circuit of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of the dual battery isolator of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 3 This is the connection diagram of the charger of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 4 This is the connection diagram of the inverter of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the mains charger of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the inverter of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 7 Three other structural diagrams of the main charging circuit of the present invention are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0096] A generator charging circuit:

[0097] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the generator charging circuit of the present invention.

[0098] The main charging circuit follows the current direction: generator output positive line 13 - auxiliary battery 1 - switching circuit 2 - current sampling circuit 3 - generator output negative line 14.

[0099] Based on the different locations of the secondary battery 1, the switch circuit 2, and the current sampling circuit 3, there are five other layout modes for the main charging circuit. Figure 7 These are three other structural diagrams of the main charging circuit of the present invention. These layouts can all achieve PWM mode charging current limiting for the secondary battery 1, and only require slight adjustments to the corresponding circuits. Figure 1 The layout is just one of them.

[0100] Switching circuit 2 includes a switching transistor and a driver circuit. The most commonly used switching transistor is a MOSFET, which offers the best performance and a relatively low price. Darlington transistors and IGBTs can also be used. IGBTs are particularly popular in high-power applications. Different transistors require different driver circuits.

[0101] The switching circuit 2 operates in a PWM mode, and the greater the duty cycle, the greater the charging current for the sub-battery 1 .

[0102] The switch circuit 2 is controlled by the management circuit 4. If it is in non-intelligent mode, there is also a delay start circuit 18. In intelligent mode, it relies on the output pin of the MCU chip, which can be connected to the internal PWM module output. The delay function is realized by programming.

[0103] The management circuit 4 is the core of the generator charging circuit and has two modes: non-intelligent mode and intelligent mode.

[0104] In non-intelligent mode, the key PWM function of this invention can be implemented using op amp chips, logic circuit chips, power supply chips, general-purpose chips, and pulse-specific chips, without programming. The 555 chip is particularly convenient, and the circuit is relatively simple. The TL431 can also be used. Non-intelligent mode is suitable for applications without precise current limiting, temperature protection and compensation, multiple settings, or multiple displays.

[0105] In the intelligent mode, the MCU chip is preferred, which can complete complex multiple functions with its powerful function integration and software programming. The present invention preferably uses the MCU circuit as the management circuit.

[0106] When selecting an MCU, key technical parameters to consider include operating speed, temperature range, number of GPIOs, Flash size, RAM size, and external communication port mode. Many MCUs currently on the market meet these requirements, including brands from manufacturers like Microchip, Freescale, ST, Infineon, and Cypress, which are all technically compatible.

[0107] Current sampling circuit 3 accurately measures the charging current and consists of a sampling resistor, a current transformer, and an op amp. It connects to management circuit 4 and can be connected to the MCU's ADC input. Constantan wire is used for the sampling resistor. A 358 op amp is commonly used. Some MCUs have an integrated op amp module, eliminating the need for an op amp in current sampling circuit 3.

[0108] The voltage monitoring circuit 15 detects the terminal voltage of the secondary battery 1 and the voltage of the generator's positive output line 13. It primarily comprises an op amp, resistors, and capacitors, performing amplification, filtering, and voltage division. This circuit adjusts the signal to the MCU's input range. The ADC input range of a 5V system microcontroller is typically 0-5V. The voltage monitoring circuit 15 connects the management circuit 4 to the secondary battery 1. The voltage difference between the positive line 10 and the negative line 9 represents the secondary battery's voltage.

[0109] The battery temperature detection circuit 16 includes a temperature sensor that is close to the secondary battery and is used for temperature compensation of the secondary battery charging. The battery temperature detection circuit 16 is connected to the management circuit 4 and can be connected to the ADC input port of the MCU.

[0110] Radiator temperature detection circuit 17 includes a temperature sensor, located close to the radiator, to protect switching circuit 2. When the temperature exceeds a rated value, the charging current is reduced or charging is stopped. Radiator temperature detection circuit 17 is connected to management circuit 4 and can be connected to an ADC input port on the MCU. Low-power charging is not required because heat generation is minimal.

[0111] The heat dissipation circuit 19 includes a radiator or an electric fan. The heat dissipation circuit 19 is connected to the management circuit 4 and can be connected to the output port of the MCU. Low-power charging is not required because it does not generate much heat.

[0112] The setting circuit 5 includes a button, a rotary switch, a dip switch, or a potentiometer, etc. The setting circuit 5 is connected to the management circuit 4 and can be connected to the input port of the MCU or the ADC port.

[0113] Feedback circuit 6 includes an LED, LCD, buzzer, or voice speaker, used to display or report various parameters of the generator charging circuit. If voice is used instead of the LED or LCD display, feedback circuit 6 also includes a voice chip, power amplifier circuit, and speaker. Feedback circuit 6 is connected to management circuit 4.

[0114] The selection of a voice chip is determined by the amount of voice data to be stored and the required sound quality, as well as the operating temperature range. Large amounts of voice data and high-quality sound require a high-capacity voice chip. Conversely, a smaller-capacity chip will suffice. The sound quality requirements determine the voice sampling rate, and thus the required storage capacity. 8K, 16K, and 32K sampling rates are common. Many voice chips currently available on the market can achieve this, most of which are manufactured in Taiwan. Typically, 040, 060, or 080 specifications are sufficient. 040 means storage space for 40 seconds of speech, with 060, 080, and so on.

[0115] The power amplifier circuit amplifies the weak voice signal output by voice chip 2 to a certain power level to drive the speaker. The louder the desired sound, the greater the power amplification factor. The power amplifier circuit's structure depends on the output format of voice chip 2 and the speaker specifications. Generally speaking, voice output chips come in two forms: DAC and PWM. Sound playback devices include buzzers and dynamic speakers, resulting in a variety of power amplifier circuits. Some circuits can use a combination of common discrete components, while low-power transistors can be used directly. Others can use dedicated power amplifier chips, with the LM386 being an option for low-power applications.

[0116] The speakers chosen are generally dynamic speakers, which provide clear voice.

[0117] The power supply circuit 7 supplies power to the system circuit.

[0118] A battery isolator:

[0119] The isolator contains the generator charging circuit described above.

[0120] Figure 2 This is the connection diagram of the dual battery isolator of the present invention. The input end of the isolator 2 is connected to the generator, and the output end is connected to the auxiliary battery 1. The generator output positive line 5 can be directly connected to the positive line 3.

[0121] A charger:

[0122] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the mains charger of the present invention.

[0123] The charger includes a generator charging circuit 1 and a conventional mains charger circuit 5. The conventional mains charger circuit 5 includes an MCU circuit 2, a power supply circuit 3, and a charging circuit 4.

[0124] The charging circuit 4 includes a setup circuit, a feedback circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, and a heat sink temperature detection circuit. Together with the MCU circuit 2 and the power supply circuit 3, these circuits can be combined with the corresponding circuits in the motor charging circuit 1, saving space and cost.

[0125] Figure 3 The generator output positive line 5 can be directly connected to the positive line 3.

[0126] When charging with mains electricity, the energy of the charger 2 is fed into the auxiliary battery 1 through the mains L-pole line 7 and the mains N-pole line 8. This is the function of a conventional charger.

[0127] When charging with a generator, the energy of the charger 2 is fed from the generator output positive line 5 and the generator output negative line 6 to charge the auxiliary battery 1. This is the function of the generator charging circuit of the present invention.

[0128] An inverter:

[0129] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the inverter circuit of the present invention.

[0130] The inverter includes a generator charging circuit 1 and a conventional inverter circuit 5. The conventional inverter circuit 5 includes an MCU circuit 2, a power supply circuit 3, and an inverter circuit 4.

[0131] The inverter circuit 4 includes a setup circuit, a feedback circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, and a heat sink temperature detection circuit. Together with the MCU circuit 2 and the power supply circuit 3, these circuits can be combined with the corresponding circuits in the motor charging circuit 1, saving space and cost.

[0132] Figure 4 The inverter connection diagram of the present invention is shown in FIG. The generator output positive line 5 can be directly connected to the positive line 3.

[0133] When operating as an inverter, the energy of inverter 2 enters through the positive and negative lines 3 and 4 of the secondary battery 1, and after inversion, it exits through the AC220-L line 7 and AC220-N line 8. This is the function of a traditional inverter.

[0134] When charging with a generator, the energy of the inverter 2 is fed into the auxiliary battery 1 through the generator output positive line 5 and the generator output negative line 6. This is the function of the generator charging circuit of the present invention.

[0135] A carrier:

[0136] The carrier is equipped with the battery isolator, the charger, or the inverter.

[0137] The above-mentioned carriers include RVs, caravans, private cars, large trucks, yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats, sailboats, etc.

[0138] The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and one example thereof. Various changes and improvements may be made based on this principle, and these changes and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A generator charging circuit, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a management circuit, a switch circuit, a delay circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit, and a power supply circuit; the switch circuit is connected in series with the secondary battery charging main circuit; the secondary battery is connected to the voltage monitoring circuit, and the voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the management circuit for detecting the terminal voltage of the secondary battery; the management circuit is connected to the delay circuit, and the delay circuit is connected to the switch circuit; the management circuit controls the switch circuit through the delay circuit to control the charging current of the secondary battery in PWM mode; the voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the generator output positive line, and the generator output positive line is also the main battery The positive line is used to detect the generator output voltage. The management circuit determines the delayed charging time and charging current based on the detected generator output voltage value, ensuring that the main battery voltage is not undervoltage and the generator output is not overloaded, while charging the secondary battery according to the maximum output power of the generator. With the help of the PWM mode control, the secondary battery charging is completely independent of the main battery charging system because it can be charged in full accordance with the charging curve technical requirements of the secondary battery manufacturer. The application feature of the generator charging circuit is the situation where the voltage of the main battery is greater than or equal to that of the secondary battery. The power supply circuit supplies power to the entire system circuit.

2. A generator charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a current sampling circuit; the current sampling circuit is connected in series in the charging loop of the secondary battery and the switching circuit; the current sampling circuit is connected to the management circuit for accurately controlling the charging current and overcurrent protection of the secondary battery.

3. The generator charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a battery temperature detection circuit; the battery temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is closely attached to the secondary battery; the battery temperature detection circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used to accurately control the charging temperature compensation and over-temperature protection of the secondary battery.

4. The generator charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a radiator temperature detection circuit; the radiator temperature detection circuit includes a temperature sensor, and the sensor is close to the radiator; the radiator temperature detection circuit is connected to the management circuit for temperature protection of the switching circuit.

5. The generator charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a heat dissipation circuit; the heat dissipation circuit includes an electric fan; the heat dissipation circuit is connected to the management circuit and is used to dissipate heat for the switching circuit.

6. The generator charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a setting circuit and a feedback circuit; the setting circuit includes a single or multiple combination of buttons, knob switches, dip switches, and potentiometers; the setting circuit is connected to the management circuit to set the parameters of the generator charging circuit or complete certain operations; the feedback circuit includes a single or multiple combination of LEDs, LCDs, buzzers, and voice speakers; the feedback circuit is connected to the management circuit to display or report the parameters of the generator charging circuit.

7. A battery isolator, characterized in that: The isolator comprises the generator charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A charger, characterized in that: The charger comprises the generator charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and a traditional AC charger circuit; the traditional AC charger circuit is connected to the generator charging circuit, and uses its resources to manage the generator charging circuit, so that the auxiliary battery can be charged with AC power and the generator can be used to charge the auxiliary battery, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost and space, and using one machine for two purposes.

9. An inverter, characterized in that: The inverter includes the generator charging circuit described in any one of claims 1 to 6 and a traditional inverter circuit; the traditional inverter circuit is connected to the generator charging circuit, and its resources are used to manage the generator charging circuit. It can use the auxiliary battery to invert into AC220v power supply and also use the generator to charge the auxiliary battery, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost and space, and using one machine for two purposes.

10. A carrier, characterized in that: The carrier is mounted with the battery isolator according to claim 7, the charger according to claim 8, or the inverter according to claim 9.

Images