A brushless DC rotating motor and a vehicle containing the brushless DC rotating motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel brushless DC rotating motor and a vehicle containing the brushless DC rotating motor, which is characterized in that the switching function of semiconductor components is used to replace the commutator of the traditional brushed DC rotating motor, so that the original action of dynamically and sequentially changing the armature connection electrode position with mechanical contacts is converted into using multiple sets of static power electronic switches, which are switched sequentially in a contactless or breakpointless manner, so that the armature current can maintain the traditional operation mode, and the distribution of the armature current is maintained at all times during the rotation process to form a rotor magnetic field direction that is orthogonal to the stator magnetic field, and there is no mechanical wear of the commutation contacts or electrode spark loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a DC rotating motor, and in particular to a brushless DC rotating motor and a vehicle including the brushless DC rotating motor. Background Art

[0002] The traditional DC motor (DC Motor-Dynamo) is equipped with a commutator (commutator) structure to maintain the rotor magnetic field and the stator magnetic field in an orthogonal direction during the rotation process, so as to obtain the maximum torque at any time. At the same time, the DC motor has the simple property that the voltage is proportional to the speed, and the control is naturally simple, which makes it always occupy an important position in the traditional speed control, servo control and other fields. The DC motor (BLDC Motor-Dynamo) popular in the market today has a structure similar to that of a permanent magnet variable frequency synchronous rotating motor. It mainly uses the multi-phase magnetic field angle to alternately increase and decrease to form a rotatable angle, such as a three-phase magnetic field with a 120-degree angle, and a rotating magnetic field with a variable speed to drive the permanent magnet rotor, or to extract the AC power from the electromotive force induced by the rotating permanent magnet rotor through a multi-phase coil induction. Although this method is mature, its VVVF control method is quite complicated and unnatural. Therefore, it is still necessary to seek a commutatorless DC motor with a simple electromechanical structure, a simple driving mode, and better control performance than the traditional DC motor. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a brushless DC rotating motor and a vehicle including the brushless DC rotating motor having patent requirements such as novelty, advancement and industrial applicability, so as to overcome the difficulties of existing products.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to disclose a brushless DC rotating motor, comprising: an annular armature unit, comprising: a first armature conductor having L slots arranged in sequence and spaced apart, and the first armature conductor of the first slot is spatially adjacent to the first armature conductor of the Lth slot, L being a natural number; and a second armature conductor having L slots arranged in sequence and spaced apart, the second armature conductor is adjacent to the first armature conductor, and the second armature conductor of the first slot is spatially adjacent to the second armature conductor of the Lth slot; a magnetic unit, arranged in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit having N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N being a natural number, wherein each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S being a natural number and S≥2 , each pair of magnetic poles faces M slots in the annular armature unit, M is a natural number and M=2S, and L=M*N; a pair of external electrodes, including a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities; a control unit, including M first control switches and M second control switches; and a logic unit, electrically connected to the control unit, the logic unit and outputs a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit to control the short circuit or open circuit of each first and second control switch; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M-stage armature coil groups connected in series in a forward direction with each other, and the P-th stage armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors of the P1-th slot that satisfy 1≤Q≤N and all the first armature conductors of the P2-th slot that satisfy 1≤Q≤N. The second armature conductors of the P2 slot are connected in series or in parallel with each other, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, S are all natural numbers, and 1≤P≤M, 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L; wherein the first first control switch is arranged between the first polarity electrode and the node of the first-order armature coil group and the M-order armature coil group connected in series, the i-th first control switch is arranged between the first polarity electrode and the node of the i-1-order armature coil group and the i-order armature coil group connected in series, and the first second control switch is arranged between the second polarity electrode and the node of the series connection. Between the nodes of the 1st-order armature coil group and the Mth-order armature coil group, the i-th second control switch is arranged between the second polarity electrode and the node of the i-1th-order armature coil group and the i-th-order armature coil group connected in series, wherein i is a natural number, and 2≤i≤M; wherein, when the brushless DC rotating motor is in the basic operation mode, at the same operation time, only the first control switch and the second control switch are short-circuited, when the first first control switch is short-circuited, the (1+S)th second control switch is short-circuited; when 2≤i≤S, the i-th first control switch is short-circuited, and the (i+S)th second control switch is short-circuited; when i=S+1, the (i)th first control switch is short-circuited, and the 1st second control switch is short-circuited;When S + 1 < i ≤ M, the (i)-th first control switch is short-circuited, and the (i - S)-th second control switch is short-circuited. Moreover, when the brushless DC rotating machine is in the transition operation mode when switching from one basic operation mode to the next basic operation mode, two adjacent first control switches or two adjacent second control switches in the brushless DC rotating machine can be short-circuited simultaneously, while non-adjacent first control switches or non-adjacent second control switches cannot perform short-circuit actions simultaneously.

[0005] The present invention discloses a brushless DC rotating machine as described above. When the polarities of the first polar electrode and the second polar electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating machine will be reversed. In addition, when the polarities of the first polar electrode and the second polar electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to quickly reverse the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating machine will be quickly reversed, achieving a power modulation function similar to bipolar pulse width modulation (PWM). Additionally, the above functions can also be achieved without polarity inversion, but only by quickly synchronously enabling or disabling the logic signal output by the logic unit, so that the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order are quickly synchronously enabled or disabled.

[0006] The present invention discloses another brushless DC rotating motor, characterized in that it comprises: an annular armature unit, comprising: a first armature conductor having L slots arranged in sequence and spaced apart, and the first armature conductor of the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor of the L slot in spatial position, L being a natural number; and a second armature conductor having L slots arranged in sequence and spaced apart, the second armature conductor is adjacent to the first armature conductor, and the second armature conductor of the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor of the L slot in spatial position; a magnetic unit, arranged in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit having N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N being a natural number, wherein each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S being a natural number and S≥2, and ... A pair of magnetic poles faces M' slots in the annular armature unit, M' is a natural number and M'=2S, and L=M'*N; a pair of external electrodes, having a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities; a control unit, including M' first control switches and M' second control switches; and a logic unit, electrically connected to the control unit, the logic unit outputs a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit, so as to control the short circuit or open circuit of each first and second control switch; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M'-order armature coil groups, and the P-order armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors of the P1 slot that satisfy 1≤Q≤N and all the second armature conductors of the P2 slot that satisfy 1≤Q≤N. The armature conductors are connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M'*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M'*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L, and the armature coil group is divided into S groups, wherein the t-th group is formed by the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel, t is a natural number and t≤S; wherein the two ends of the t-th group armature coil formed by the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel have The 2t-1 node and the 2t node, and the first polarity electrode and the 2t-1 node are electrically connected by the tth first control switch, the second polarity electrode and the 2t-1 node are electrically connected by the tth second control switch, the first polarity electrode and the 2t node are electrically connected by the t+Sth first control switch, and the second polarity electrode and the 2t node are electrically connected by the t+Sth second control switch; wherein, at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches are short-circuited, and the tth first control switch and the tth second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the t+Sth first control switch and the t+Sth second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time.

[0007] The present invention discloses a brushless DC rotating motor as described above, and when the polarity of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remains unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be reversed. In addition, when the polarity of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remains unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be quickly reversed, achieving a power modulation function like bipolar pulse width modulation (PWM). In addition, the above function can also be performed without polarity inversion, but only the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly synchronized to enable or disable, so that the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order are quickly synchronized to enable or disable.

[0008] The present invention discloses another brushless DC rotating motor, characterized in that it comprises: an annular armature unit, comprising: first armature conductors arranged in L slots in sequence, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the Lth slot in space, L being a natural number; and second armature conductors arranged in L slots in sequence, the second armature conductor is adjacent to the first armature conductor, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the Lth slot in space; a magnetic unit, arranged in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit has N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N being a natural number, wherein each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S is a natural number and S≥2, each pair of magnetic poles faces M' slots in the annular armature unit, M' is a natural number and M'=2S, and L=M'*N; a pair of external electrodes, having a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities, the pair of external electrodes is a rechargeable battery or a power module, and an inductor is also connected in series between the first polarity electrode and the rechargeable battery or the power module; a first common potential electrode, directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first polarity electrode; a second common potential electrode; a third common potential electrode, electrically connected to the second common potential electrode; a fourth common potential electrode, directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second polarity electrode; a control unit, including M1' first control switches, M1' second control switch, M2' third control switch, M2' fourth control switch, wherein M1'=2S1, M2'=2S2, M1'+M2'≤M', M1', M2', S1, S2 are all natural numbers, and S1≥1, S2≥1, S1+S2≤S; and a logic unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit, and the logic unit detects the position of the magnetic unit and then outputs a logic signal to the control unit to control the short circuit or open circuit of each of the first, second, third, and fourth control switches; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M'-order armature coil groups, and the P-th order armature coil group is composed of all the P1-th slot first electrical coils that satisfy 1≤Q≤N The armature conductor and all the second armature conductors of the P2 slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N are connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L, and the armature coil group is divided into S groups, and the S group armature coil groups can be further divided into a first group group and a second group group that are separated and independent from each other, wherein the first group group includes an armature coil group of S1 group, and the second group group includes an armature coil group of S2 group;The armature coil groups of the S1 group in the first group are respectively connected to the first control switch connected to the first common potential electrode and the second control switch connected to the second common potential electrode, and the armature coil group of the t1th group is composed of the t1th order armature coil group and the t1+Sth order armature coil group connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, t1 is a natural number and 1≤t1≤S1, and the two ends of the t1th group armature coil group have the [2(t1)-1]th node and the [2(t1)]th node respectively, and the [2(t1)-1]th node is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode through the [2(t1)-1]th first control switch, and the [2(t1)]th node is connected to the [2( t1)] first control switch is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode, and the [2(t1)-1]th node is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode through the [2(t1)-1]th second control switch, and the [2(t1)]th node is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode through the [2(t1)]th second control switch, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches are short-circuited, and the [2(t1)-1]th first control switch and the [2(t1)-1]th second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the [2(t1)]th first control switch and the [2(t1)]th second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time; wherein, the The armature coil groups of the S2 group in the second group are respectively connected to the third control switch connected to the third common potential electrode and the fourth control switch connected to the fourth common potential electrode, and the armature coil group of the t2 group is formed by the t2-order armature coil group and the t2+S-order armature coil group connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, t2 is a natural number and S1+1≤t2≤S, and the two ends of the t2 group armature coil respectively have the [2(t2)-1]th node and the [2(t2)]th node, and the [2(t2)-1]th node is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-3]th third control switch, and the [2(t2)]th node is connected to the [2(t2)- 2] third control switch is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode, and the [2(t2)-1]th node is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-3]th fourth control switch, and the [2(t2)]th node is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-2]th fourth control switch, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the third control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the fourth control switches are short-circuited, and the [2(t2)-3]th third control switch and the [2(t2)-3]th fourth control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the [2(t2)-2]th third control switch and the [2(t2)-2]th fourth control switch are not short-circuited at the same time. ;

[0009] The present invention discloses another DC motor as described above, and further includes a fifth control switch, a sixth control switch and a seventh control switch, the fourth common potential electrode is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second polarity electrode, the third common potential electrode is simultaneously electrically connected to one end of the fifth control switch and one end of the seventh control switch, and the other end of the fifth control switch is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode, the second common potential electrode is simultaneously electrically connected to one end of the sixth control switch and the other end of the seventh control switch, and the other end of the sixth control switch is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode, wherein, when the fifth and sixth control switches are short-circuited and the seventh control switch is open-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor is a parallel motor driven by the rechargeable battery module, and when the fifth and sixth control switches are open-circuited and the seventh control switch is short-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor is a series generator that charges the rechargeable battery module.

[0010] The present invention discloses a brushless DC rotating motor as described above, and when the polarity of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remains unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches, second control switches, third control switches and fourth control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be reversed. In addition, when the polarity of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remains unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches, second control switches, third control switches and fourth control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be quickly reversed, achieving a power modulation function such as bipolar pulse width modulation (PWM). In addition, the above function can also be performed without polarity inversion, but only the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly synchronized to enable or disable, so that the actions of all the first control switches, second control switches, third control switches and fourth control switches of the same order are quickly synchronized to enable or disable.

[0011] The present invention discloses a DC motor as described above, wherein the first and second control switches are power component switches.

[0012] The present invention discloses various DC motors as described above, wherein the first, second, third and fourth control switches are power component switches, and the fifth, sixth and seventh control switches are power component switches.

[0013] The present invention discloses various DC motors as described above, and the power component switch is a silicon carbide (SiC) component switch, a silicon nitride (GaN) component switch, a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switch, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switch or a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS) switch.

[0014] The present invention discloses various DC motors as described above, and the magnetic unit is a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet.

[0015] The present invention discloses various DC motors as described above, and the logic controller is a resolver, an encoder, a Hall sensor, a photointerrupter or a photoelectric sensor.

[0016] The present invention discloses various DC motors as described above, and the first armature conductor and the second armature conductor can be wound by wave winding, lap winding or frog-leg winding.

[0017] The present invention discloses various DC motors as described above, wherein the annular armature unit is an annular stator, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic rotor, or the annular armature unit is an annular rotor, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic stator.

[0018] The present invention also discloses a vehicle, characterized by comprising at least one brushless DC rotating motor as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a brushless DC rotating motor 1000 disclosed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1B yes Figure 1A A connection diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group.

[0021] Figure 1B' yes Figure 1A Another connection diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group.

[0022] Figures 2A to 2D is corresponding to Figure 1A Equivalent circuit diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group under various actuation states.

[0023] Figures 3A to 3D is corresponding to Figures 2A to 2D Schematic diagram of the operation of the brushless DC rotating motor 1000.

[0024] Figure 4A Schematic diagram of a brushless DC rotating motor 2000 disclosed in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4A' FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another brushless DC rotating motor 2000 ′ disclosed according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4B yes Figure 4A A connection diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group.

[0027] Figure 4B' yes Figure 4A Another connection diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group.

[0028] Figure 4B yes Figure 4A' A connection diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group.

[0029] Figure 4B' " Figure 4A' Another connection diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group.

[0030] Figures 5A to 5D is corresponding to Figure 4A Equivalent circuit diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group under various actuation states.

[0031] Figures 5A' to 5D' is corresponding to Figure 4A' Equivalent circuit diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group under various actuation states.

[0032] Figures 6A to 6D The figure corresponds to Figures 5A to 5D Brushless DC rotating motor 2000 and Figures 5A' to 5D' Schematic diagram of the operation of the brushless DC rotating motor 2000'.

[0033] Figures 7A to 7D 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 in various operating states according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figures 8A-8B 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 in various operating states according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Among them, the simple description of the symbols in the accompanying drawings is as follows:

[0036] 1a~12a First armature conductor

[0037] 1b~12b Second armature conductor

[0038] 110 Ring Armature Unit

[0039] 120 Magnetic Unit

[0040] 160 first polarity electrode

[0041] 165A first common voltage electrode

[0042] 165B Second common voltage electrode

[0043] 165C The third common voltage electrode

[0044] 165D Fourth common voltage electrode

[0045] 170 Second polarity electrode

[0046] 102 First-stage armature coil group

[0047] 203 Second-stage armature coil assembly

[0048] 304 Third-stage armature coil assembly

[0049] 401 fourth-stage armature coil assembly

[0050] 200A~200D; 255A, 255B first control switch

[0051] 300A~300D; 256A, 256B second control switch

[0052] 257A, 257B third control switch

[0053] 258A, 258B fourth control switch

[0054] 400A Fifth Control Switch

[0055] 400B Sixth control switch

[0056] 400C Seventh control switch

[0057] 1000, 2000, 3000, 3000', 4000 DC rotating motor

[0058] A1,A2,B2,B3,C3,C4,D4,D1 nodes

[0059] L Inductance

[0060] V Rechargeable battery module or power module DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the inventive features, contents and advantages of the present invention and the effects that can be achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the contents of the present invention are combined with the drawings and described in detail in the form of embodiments as follows. The drawings used therein are only for illustration and auxiliary explanation, and are not the actual proportions and precise configurations after the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they are only combined with the description, and the proportions and configuration relationships of the drawings should not be interpreted to limit the scope of rights of the present invention in actual use.

[0062] <Example>

[0063] The following will describe embodiments of a DC motor according to the present invention with reference to the relevant drawings. For ease of understanding, the same components in the following embodiments are labeled with the same symbols.

[0064] Embodiment 1

[0065] The brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the first embodiment includes: an annular armature unit, including: a first armature conductor arranged in L slots in sequence, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the L slot in space, L is a natural number; and a second armature conductor arranged in L slots in sequence, the second armature conductor is adjacent to the first armature conductor, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the L slot in space; a magnetic unit is arranged in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit has N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N is a natural number, wherein each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S is a natural number and S≥2, and each A pair of magnetic poles faces M slots in the annular armature unit, M is a natural number and M=2S, and L=M*N; a pair of external electrodes, having a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities; a control unit, including M first control switches and M second control switches; and a logic unit, electrically connected to the control unit, the logic unit outputs a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit, so as to control the short circuit or open circuit of each first and second control switch; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M-stage armature coil groups connected in series in a forward direction with each other, and the P-th stage armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors of the P1-th slot that satisfy 1≤Q≤N and all the P2-th slot that satisfy 1≤Q≤N. The second armature conductors of the slots are connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, S are all natural numbers, and 1≤P≤M, 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L; wherein the first first control switch is arranged between the first polarity electrode and the node of the first-order armature coil group and the M-order armature coil group connected in series, the i-th first control switch is arranged between the first polarity electrode and the node of the i-1-th order armature coil group and the i-th order armature coil group connected in series, and the first second control switch is arranged between the second polarity electrode and the node of the i-1-th order armature coil group and the i-th order armature coil group connected in series. Between the nodes of the 1st-order armature coil group and the Mth-order armature coil group, the i-th second control switch is arranged between the second polarity electrode and the node of the i-1st-order armature coil group and the i-th-order armature coil group connected in series, wherein i is a natural number, and 2≤i≤M; wherein, when the brushless DC rotating motor is in the basic operation mode, at the same operation time, only the first control switch and the second control switch are short-circuited, when the first first control switch is short-circuited, the (1+S)th second control switch is short-circuited; when 2≤i≤S, the i-th first control switch is short-circuited, and the (i+S)th second control switch is short-circuited; when i=S+1, the (i)th first control switch is short-circuited, and the first second control switch is short-circuited;When S + 1 < i ≤ M, the (i)-th first control switch is short-circuited, and the (i - S)-th second control switch is short-circuited. When the brushless DC rotating motor is in the transition operation mode when switching from one basic operation mode to the next basic operation mode, two adjacent first control switches or two adjacent second control switches in the brushless DC rotating motor can be short-circuited simultaneously, while non-adjacent first control switches or non-adjacent second control switches cannot be short-circuited simultaneously.

[0066] When the first polarity electrode is positive and the second polarity electrode is negative, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit. When the 1st first control switch is short-circuited and the (1 + S)-th second control switch is short-circuited, the current of the pair of external electrodes will commutate at the node connecting the first control switch and the node connecting the S-th armature coil group and the (1 + S)-th armature coil group; when 2 ≤ i ≤ S, the (i)-th first control switch is short-circuited and the (i + S)-th second control switch is short-circuited, the current of the pair of external electrodes will commutate at the node connecting the (i - 1)-th armature coil group and the (i)-th armature coil group and the node connecting the (i + S - 1)-th armature coil group and the (i + S)-th armature coil group; when i = S + 1, the (i)-th first control switch is short-circuited and the 1st second control switch is short-circuited, the current of the pair of external electrodes will commutate at the node connecting the (i - 1)-th armature coil group and the (i)-th armature coil group and the node connecting the M-th armature coil group and the 1st armature coil group; when S + 1 < i ≤ M, the (i)-th first control switch is short-circuited and the (i - S)-th second control switch is short-circuited, the current of the pair of external electrodes will commutate at the node connecting the (i - 1)-th armature coil group and the (i)-th armature coil group and the node connecting the (i - S - 1)-th armature coil group and the (i - S)-th armature coil group.

[0067] For the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the first embodiment, the first and second control switches can be selected from, for example but not limited to, power component switches, such as silicon carbide (SiC) component switches, gallium nitride (GaN) component switches, bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switches, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches, or metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS) switches.

[0068] For the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the first embodiment, the magnetic unit is, for example but not limited to, a permanent magnet or a magnetically excited magnet.

[0069] For the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the first embodiment, the logic controller is, for example but not limited to, a resolver, an encoder, a Hall sensor, an optical interrupter, or an optoelectronic sensor.

[0070] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the first embodiment, the first armature conductor and the second armature conductor can be wound by, for example but not limited to, wave winding, lap winding or frog-leg winding.

[0071] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the first embodiment, the annular armature unit is an annular stator, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic rotor, or the annular armature unit is an annular rotor, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic stator.

[0072] See also Figure 1A , which shows a brushless DC rotating motor 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an annular armature unit 110 and a magnetic unit 120 composed of a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet, which is disposed in the annular armature unit 110.

[0073] The present embodiment takes a 12-slot armature coil group as an example, i.e., L=12. Therefore, the annular armature unit 110 includes 12 slots of first armature conductors 1a-12a arranged in sequence and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the Lth slot in space, and 12 slots of second armature conductors 1b-12b adjacent to the first armature conductors 1a-12a (for example, but not limited to, located outside the first armature conductors 1a-12a) and arranged in sequence and spaced apart, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the Lth slot in space, wherein Figure 1A The symbol ● shown in the figure represents that the winding direction of the first armature conductors 1a-12a is to pass through the surface of the annular armature unit 110, and the symbol X represents that the winding direction of the first armature conductors 1a-12a is to pass through the surface of the annular armature unit 110. Figure 1A As shown, the first armature conductors 1a-12a of the first embodiment are located outside the second armature conductors 1b-12b. In other embodiments according to the present invention, the first armature conductors 1a-12 and the second armature conductors 1b-12b may be adjacent to each other, for example but not limited to left and right adjacent, which will not be repeated here.

[0074] In addition, the magnetic unit 120 may have N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit 120 may be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit 110, N is a natural number, and L=M*N. In the first embodiment, L=12, M=4, and therefore N=3, so the magnetic unit 120 is composed of three pairs of N poles and S poles with opposite magnetic properties and located at two opposite ends of the magnetic unit 120, and the annular armature unit 110 and the magnetic unit 120 may be controlled to rotate relative to each other. In the present embodiment, the magnetic unit 120 is a rotor, and the annular armature unit 110 is a stator, and the magnetic unit 120 may be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit 110; in other embodiments according to the present invention, the magnetic unit 120 is a stator, and the annular armature unit 110 is a rotor, and may rotate relative to the magnetic unit 120, which will not be repeated here.

[0075] In this embodiment, M=4, so the first armature conductors 1a-12a and the second armature conductors 1b-12b are divided into four-stage armature coil groups connected in series. As described above, the P-th stage armature coil group in this embodiment is composed of the first armature conductor in the P1 slot and the second armature conductor in the P2 slot connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, S, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M=2S, 1≤P≤M, 0≤Q≤(N-1), 0≤P1≤(L-1), 0≤P2≤(L-1), L=12, M=4, N=3 in this embodiment, so S=2, 1≤Q≤3, 1≤P1≤12, 1≤P2≤12. Therefore, the first-stage (P=1) armature coil group 102 of the first embodiment is composed of the first armature conductor 1a of the first slot (P1=1), the second armature conductor 3b of the third slot (P2=3), the first armature conductor 5a of the fifth slot (P1=5), the second armature conductor 7b of the seventh slot (P2=7), the first armature conductor 9a of the ninth slot (P1=9), and the second armature conductor 11b of the eleventh slot (P2=11); the second-stage (P=2) armature coil group 203 is composed of the first armature conductor 2a of the second slot (P1=2), the second armature conductor 4b of the fourth slot (P2=4), the first armature conductor 6a of the sixth slot (P1=6), the second armature conductor 8b of the eighth slot (P2=8), the first armature conductor 10a of the tenth slot (P1=10), and the second armature conductor 12b of the twelfth slot (P2=12). The third-order (P=3) armature coil group 304 is composed of the first armature conductor 3a of the third slot (P1=3), the second armature conductor 5b of the fifth slot (P2=5), the first armature conductor 7a of the seventh slot (P1=7), the second armature conductor 9b of the ninth slot (P2=9), the first armature conductor 11a of the eleventh slot (P1=11), and the second armature conductor 1b of the first slot (P2=1); the fourth-order (P=4) armature coil group 401 is composed of the first armature conductor 4a of the fourth slot (P1=4), the second armature conductor 6b of the sixth slot (P2=6), the first armature conductor 8a of the eighth slot (P1=8), the second armature conductor 10b of the tenth slot (P2=10), the first armature conductor 12a of the twelfth slot (P1=12), and the second armature conductor 2b of the second slot (P2=2). The first and second armature conductors in each order of the armature coil group can be connected as follows: Figure 1B As shown, the first armature conductor and the second armature conductor are connected in series, or as shown Figure 1B' The figure shows a first armature conductor connected in parallel with a second armature conductor interlaced.

[0076] Next, please also refer to Figures 2A to 2D as well as Figures 3A to 3D .in, Figures 2A to 2D The diagram corresponds to Figure 1A Equivalent circuit diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group under various actuation states. Figures 3A to 3D The diagram corresponds to Figures 2A to 2D Schematic diagram of the operation of the brushless DC rotating motor 1000.

[0077] First, see Figure 2A-2B as well as Figure 3A-3B .like Figure 2A-2B As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 of the pair of external electrodes (not shown) is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 200A is switched from Figure 2A The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2B The circuit breaker shown, the third second control switch 300C from Figure 2A The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2B The circuit breaker shown in FIG. 200B is disconnected from the second first control switch 200B. Figure 2A The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2B The short circuit shown, the fourth second control switch 300D from Figure 2A The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2B As shown in the short circuit, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes A1 and A2 connected to the first-stage armature coil group 102, as if the commutator segments are connected between the nodes A1 and A2, and the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes C3 and C4 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304, as if the commutator segments are connected between the nodes C3 and C4. Figure 3A-3B As shown, because the currents in the first-stage armature coil group 102 and the third-stage armature coil group 304 flow in opposite directions, the armature coils facing the N-pole surface and with the current direction projecting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 are transformed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b to the first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b. b, 11b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and the current direction incident on the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b to the first armature conductors 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductors 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b, so that the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110. In addition, when the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 is changed from the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b, the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110. Figure 2A The basic operating mode shown is converted to Figure 2B In the transition operation mode of the basic operation mode shown, the adjacent first control switches 200A and 200B and the adjacent second control switches 300C and 300D in the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 are transiently short-circuited simultaneously.

[0078] Second, see Figure 2B-2C as well as Figures 3B to 3C .like Figure 2B-2C As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the second first control switch 200B is switched from Figure 2B The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2C The circuit breaker shown, the fourth second control switch 300D from Figure 2B The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2C The circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1 is the third first control switch 200C. Figure 2B The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2C The short circuit shown, the first second control switch 300A from Figure 2B The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2C As shown in the short circuit, the current of the pair of external electrodes will undergo current commutation between the nodes B2 and B3 connected to the second-stage armature coil group 203, just like being connected to the commutator segments between the nodes B2 and B3, and the current of the pair of external electrodes will undergo current commutation between the nodes D1 and D4 connected to the fourth-stage armature coil group 401, just like being connected to the commutator segments between the nodes D1 and D4. Figures 6B to 6C As shown, because the current in the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 flows in the opposite direction, the armature coil facing the N pole surface and the current direction shooting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b to the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11 b, 12b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and the current direction incident on the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductor 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductor 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b to the first armature conductor 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductor 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b, so that the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110. In addition, when the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 is changed from the first armature conductor 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductor 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b Figure 2B The basic operating mode shown is converted to Figure 2CIn the transition operation mode of the basic operation mode shown, the adjacent first control switches 200B and 200C and the adjacent second control switches 300D and 300A in the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 are transiently short-circuited simultaneously.

[0079] Next, see Figure 2C-2D as well as Figure 3C to 3D .like Figure 2C-2D As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the third first control switch 200C is switched from Figure 2C The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2D The circuit breaker shown, the first second control switch 300A from Figure 2C The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2D The circuit breaker shown, the fourth first control switch 200D from Figure 2C The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2D The short circuit shown, the second second control switch 300B from Figure 2C The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2D As shown in the short circuit, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes A1 and A2 connected to the first-stage armature coil group 102, as if the commutator segments are connected between the nodes A1 and A2, and the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes C3 and C4 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304, as if the commutator segments are connected between the nodes C3 and C4. Figure 3C to 3D As shown, because the currents in the first and third stage armature coil groups 102 and 304 flow in the opposite direction, the armature coils facing the N pole surface and with the current direction projecting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 are transformed from the original first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b to the first armature conductors 1a, 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a and the second armature conductors 1b, 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and the current direction incident on the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b to the first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b, so that the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110. In addition, when the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 is changed from the first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b Figure 2C The basic operating mode shown is converted to Figure 2DIn the transition operation mode of the basic operation mode shown, the adjacent first control switches 200C and 200D and the adjacent second control switches 300A and 300B in the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 are transiently short-circuited simultaneously.

[0080] Finally, see Figure 2D , Figure 2A as well as Figure 3D , Figure 3A .like Figure 2D , Figure 2A As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 200A is switched from Figure 2D The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2A The circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1 is the second control switch 300B. Figure 2D The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2A The circuit breaker shown, the fourth first control switch 200D from Figure 2D The short circuit shown is switched as Figure 2A The circuit breaker shown, the third second control switch 300C from Figure 2D The disconnect switch shown is as follows Figure 2A As shown in the short circuit, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes A1 and A2 connected to the second-stage armature coil group 203, just like being connected to the commutator segments between the nodes A1 and A2, and the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes C3 and C4 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304, just like being connected to the commutator segments between the nodes C3 and C4. Figure 3D , 3A As shown, because the current in the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 flows in the opposite direction, the armature coil facing the N pole surface and the current direction shooting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a and the second armature conductors 1b, 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b to the first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b. b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and the current direction incident on the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b to the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b, so that the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110. In addition, when the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 is changed from the Figure 2DThe basic operating mode shown is converted to Figure 2A In the transition operation mode of the basic operation mode shown, the adjacent first control switches 200D and 200A and the adjacent second control switches 300B and 300C in the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 are transiently short-circuited simultaneously.

[0081] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 will rotate counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0082] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 will rotate counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0083] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 will rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0084] In addition, when the polarities of the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed so that the actions of all the first control switches 200A~200D and the second control switches 300A~300D of the same order are reversed, the driving or output direction of the above-mentioned brushless DC rotating motor 1000 will be reversed; and more specifically, when the polarities of the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed so that the actions of all the first control switches 200A~200D and the second control switches 300A~300D of the same order are quickly reversed, the driving or output direction of the above-mentioned brushless DC rotating motor 1000 will be quickly reversed, achieving a power modulation function similar to bipolar pulse width modulation (PWM). In addition, the above function can also be implemented without polarity inversion, but only by quickly and synchronously enabling or disabling the logic signal output by the logic unit, so that the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order are quickly and synchronously enabled or disabled, thereby achieving the power modulation function of unipolar pulse width modulation (PWM).

[0085] In addition, the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 disclosed in the first embodiment can also be applied to a vehicle. By controlling the polarity of the first polarity electrode 160, the second polarity electrode 170 and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit to the control unit to control the magnetic unit 120 of the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110, the rotation direction of the vehicle's transmission shaft can be controlled.

[0086] Embodiment 2

[0087] Another brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the second embodiment includes: an annular armature unit, including: a first armature conductor arranged in L slots in sequence, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the Lth slot in space, L is a natural number; and a second armature conductor arranged in L slots in sequence, the second armature conductor is adjacent to the first armature conductor, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the Lth slot in space; a magnetic unit, arranged in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit has N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N is a natural number, wherein each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S is a natural number and S≥2, and each pair of magnetic poles is adjacent to each other. The magnetic pole faces M' slots in the annular armature unit, M' is a natural number and M'=2S, and L=M'*N; a pair of external electrodes, including a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities; a control unit, including M' first control switches and M' second control switches; and a logic unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit, and the logic unit outputs a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit to control the short circuit or open circuit of each first and second control switch; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M'-order armature coil groups, and the P-th order armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors of the P1 slot that meet 1≤Q≤N and all the second armature conductors of the P2 slot that meet 1≤Q≤N. The armature conductors are connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M'*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M'*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L, and the armature coil group is divided into S groups, wherein the t-th group is formed by the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel, t is a natural number and t≤S; wherein the two ends of the t-th group armature coil formed by the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel respectively have The 2t-1 node and the 2t node, and the first polarity electrode and the 2t-1 node are electrically connected by the tth first control switch, the second polarity electrode and the 2t-1 node are electrically connected by the tth second control switch, the first polarity electrode and the 2t node are electrically connected by the t+Sth first control switch, and the second polarity electrode and the 2t node are electrically connected by the t+Sth second control switch; wherein, at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches are short-circuited, and the tth first control switch and the tth second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the t+Sth first control switch and the t+Sth second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time.

[0088] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the second embodiment, the first and second control switches can be selected from, for example but not limited to, power component switches, such as silicon carbide (SiC) component switches, silicon nitride (GaN) component switches, bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switches, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches or metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS) switches.

[0089] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the second embodiment, the magnetic unit is, for example but not limited to, a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet.

[0090] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the second embodiment, the logic controller is, for example but not limited to, a resolver, an encoder, a Hall sensor, a photo interrupter or a photoelectric sensor.

[0091] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the second embodiment, the first armature conductor and the second armature conductor can be wound by, for example but not limited to, wave winding, lap winding or frog-leg winding.

[0092] In the brushless DC rotating motor disclosed in the second embodiment, the annular armature unit is an annular stator, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic rotor, or the annular armature unit is an annular rotor, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic stator.

[0093] See also Figure 4A , which shows a brushless DC rotating motor 2000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which includes an annular armature unit 110 and a magnetic unit 120 composed of a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet, which is arranged in the annular armature unit 110.

[0094] The present embodiment takes a 12-slot armature coil group as an example, i.e., L=12. Therefore, the annular armature unit 110 includes 12 slots of first armature conductors 1a-12a arranged in sequence and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the Lth slot in space, and 12 slots of second armature conductors 1b-12b adjacent to the first armature conductors 1a-12a (for example, but not limited to, located outside the first armature conductors 1a-12a) and arranged in sequence and spaced apart, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the Lth slot in space, wherein Figure 1A The symbol ● shown in the figure represents that the winding direction of the first armature conductors 1a-12a is to pass through the surface of the annular armature unit 110, and the symbol X represents that the winding direction of the first armature conductors 1a-12a is to pass through the surface of the annular armature unit 110. Figure 4AAs shown, the first armature conductors 1a-12a of the second embodiment are located outside the second armature conductors 1b-12b. In other embodiments according to the present invention, the first armature conductors 1a-12 and the second armature conductors 1b-12b may be adjacent to each other, for example but not limited to left and right adjacent, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] In addition, the magnetic unit 120 may have N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit 120 may be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit 110, N is a natural number, and L=M'*N. In the second embodiment, L=12, M'=4, and therefore N=3, so the magnetic unit 120 is composed of three pairs of N poles and S poles with opposite magnetic properties and located at two opposite ends of the magnetic unit 120, and the annular armature unit 110 and the magnetic unit 120 may be controlled to rotate relative to each other. In the present embodiment, the magnetic unit 120 is a rotor, and the annular armature unit 110 is a stator, and the magnetic unit 120 may be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit 110; in other embodiments according to the present invention, the magnetic unit 120 is a stator, and the annular armature unit 110 is a rotor, and may rotate relative to the magnetic unit 120, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] In this embodiment, M'=4, so the first armature conductors 1a-12a and the second armature conductors 1b-12b are divided into four stages, and the first and third stage armature coil groups 102 and 304 are connected in series in reverse order, and the second and fourth stage armature coil groups 203 and 401 are connected in series in reverse order. As described above, the P-th order armature coil group of the present embodiment is composed of the first armature conductor of the P1-th slot and the second armature conductor of the P1-th slot connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L,, in the present embodiment, L=12, M'=4, N=3, so S=2, 1≤P≤4, 1≤Q≤3, 1≤P1≤12, 1≤P2≤12. Therefore, the first-stage (P=1) armature coil group 102 of the second embodiment is composed of the first armature conductor 1a of the first slot (P1=1), the second armature conductor 3b of the third slot (P2=3), the first armature conductor 5a of the fifth slot (P1=5), the second armature conductor 7b of the seventh slot (P2=7), the first armature conductor 9a of the ninth slot (P1=9), and the second armature conductor 11b of the eleventh slot (P2=11); the second-stage (P=2) armature coil group 203 is composed of the first armature conductor 2a of the second slot (P1=2), the second armature conductor 4b of the fourth slot (P2=4), the first armature conductor 6a of the sixth slot (P1=6), the second armature conductor 8b of the eighth slot (P2=8), the first armature conductor 10a of the tenth slot (P1=10), and the second armature conductor 12b of the twelfth slot (P2=12). The third-order (P=3) armature coil group 304 is composed of the first armature conductor 3a of the third slot (P1=3), the second armature conductor 5b of the fifth slot (P2=5), the first armature conductor 7a of the seventh slot (P1=7), the second armature conductor 9b of the ninth slot (P2=9), the first armature conductor 11a of the eleventh slot (P1=11), and the second armature conductor 1b of the first slot (P2=1); the fourth-order (P=4) armature coil group 401 is composed of the first armature conductor 4a of the fourth slot (P1=4), the second armature conductor 6b of the sixth slot (P2=6), the first armature conductor 8a of the eighth slot (P1=8), the second armature conductor 10b of the tenth slot (P2=10), the first armature conductor 12a of the twelfth slot (P1=12), and the second armature conductor 2b of the second slot (P2=2). The first and second armature conductors in each order of the armature coil group can be connected as follows: Figure 4B As shown, the first armature conductor and the second armature conductor are connected in series, or as shown Figure 4B' The figure shows a first armature conductor connected in parallel with a second armature conductor which is staggered.

[0097] As mentioned above, the M'-order armature coils of the second embodiment are divided into S groups, wherein the t-th group is formed by the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel, and t is a natural number and t≤S. In the present embodiment, S=2, i.e., 1≤t≤2, so the above-mentioned four-order armature coils are divided into two groups, wherein the first group is formed by the first-order armature coil group and the third-order armature coil connected in reverse series, and the second group is formed by the second-order armature coil group and the fourth-order armature coil connected in reverse series. In other embodiments according to the present invention, the first group can also be formed by the first-order armature coil group and the third-order armature coil connected in reverse parallel, and the second group is formed by the second-order armature coil group and the fourth-order armature coil connected in reverse parallel, which will not be repeated here.

[0098] Next, please also refer to Figures 5A to 5D as well as Figures 6A to 6D .in, Figures 5A to 5D The diagram corresponds to Figure 4A Equivalent circuit diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group under various actuation states. Figures 6A to 6D The diagram corresponds to Figures 5A to 5D Schematic diagram of the operation of the brushless DC rotating motor 2000.

[0099] First, see Figures 5A-5B as well as Figures 6A-6B .like Figures 5A-5B As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 of the pair of external electrodes (not shown) is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 200A is switched from Figure 5A The short circuit is switched as Figure 5B The third first control switch 200C is disconnected from Figure 5A The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5B The first second control switch 300A is short-circuited from Figure 5A The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5B The short circuit of the third second control switch 300C is Figure 5A The short circuit is switched as Figure 5B When the circuit is disconnected, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the node C4 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304 and the node A1 of the first-stage armature coil group 102, just as the nodes C3 and A1 are connected to the commutator segment. Figures 6A-6BAs shown, because the currents in the first and third stage armature coil groups 102 and 304 flow in the opposite direction, the armature coils facing the N pole surface and with the current direction projecting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 are transformed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b to the first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction injected into the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b to the first armature conductors 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductors 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0100] Second, see Figures 5B to 5C as well as Figures 6B to 6C .like Figures 5B to 5C As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the second first control switch 200B is switched from Figure 5B The short circuit is switched as Figure 5C The circuit breaker of the fourth first control switch 200D is Figure 5B The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5C The second second control switch 300B is short-circuited. Figure 5B The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5C The short circuit of the fourth second control switch 300D is Figure 5B The short circuit is switched as Figure 5C When the circuit is disconnected, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the node D4 connected to the fourth-order armature coil group 401 and the node B2 of the second-order armature coil group 203, just as the nodes D4 and B2 are connected to the commutator segments. Figures 6B to 6CAs shown, because the current in the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 flows in the opposite direction, the armature coil facing the N pole surface and the current direction shooting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b to the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11 b, 12b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction injected into the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductors 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b to the first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0101] Furthermore, please see Figures 5C to 5D as well as Fig. 6C-6D .like Figures 5C to 5D As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 200A is switched from Figure 5C The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5D The short circuit of the third first control switch 200C is Figure 5C The short circuit is switched as Figure 5D The first second control switch 300A is disconnected from Figure 5C The short circuit is switched as Figure 5D The circuit is disconnected, and the third second control switch 300D is switched from Figure 5C The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5D When the short circuit occurs, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the node C4 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304 and the node A1 of the first-stage armature coil group 102, just as the nodes C3 and A1 are connected to the commutator segments. Fig. 6C-6DAs shown, because the currents in the first and third stage armature coil groups 102 and 304 flow in the opposite direction, the armature coils facing the N pole surface and with the current direction projecting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 are transformed from the original first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b to the first armature conductors 1a, 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a and the second armature conductors 1b, 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction injected into the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b to the first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0102] Finally, see Figure 5D , Figure 5A as well as Fig.6D , Fig. 6A .like Figure 5D , Figure 5A As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the second first control switch 200B is switched from Figure 5D The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5A The short circuit of the fourth first control switch 200D is Figure 5D The short circuit is switched as Figure 5A The second control switch 300B is disconnected from Figure 5D The short circuit is switched as Figure 5D The circuit is disconnected, and the fourth second control switch 300D is switched from Figure 5D The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5A When the short circuit occurs, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the node D4 connected to the fourth-order armature coil group 401 and the node B2 of the second-order armature coil group 203, just as the nodes D4 and B2 are connected to the commutator segments. Figure 6D~6AAs shown, because the current in the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 flows in the opposite direction, the armature coil facing the N pole surface and the current direction shooting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a and the second armature conductors 1b, 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b to the first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b. b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction incident on the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b to the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0103] In addition, if Figure 4A' As shown, another brushless DC rotating motor 2000' according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown, and its structure is roughly the same as Figure 4A The brushless DC rotating motor 2000 shown in FIG. 1 also includes an annular armature unit 110 and a magnetic unit 120 composed of a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet, which is disposed in the annular armature unit 110. The difference is that the first and third order armature coil groups 102 and 304 can be connected in parallel with each other, and the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 can be connected in parallel with each other, and the distance between the first and second armature conductors in each order armature coil group can be as follows: Figure 4B As shown, the first armature conductor and the second armature conductor are connected in series, or as shown Figure 4B' ” is shown in FIG. 1 , which is formed by staggered first armature conductors and second armature conductors connected in parallel.

[0104] Next, please also refer to Figures 5A' to 5D' as well as Figures 6A to 6D .in, Figures 5A' to 5D' The diagram corresponds to Figure 4A' Equivalent circuit diagram of the fourth-order armature coil group under various actuation states. Figures 6A to 6D The diagram corresponds to Figures 5A' to 5D' Schematic diagram of the operation of the brushless DC rotating motor 2000'.

[0105] First, see Figure 5A' to 5B' as well as Figures 6A-6B .like Figure 5A' to 5B' As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 200A is switched from Figure 5AThe short circuit is switched as Figure 5B The third first control switch 200C is disconnected from Figure 5A The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5B The first second control switch 300A is short-circuited from Figure 5A The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5B The short circuit of the third second control switch 300C is Figure 5A The short circuit is switched as Figure 5B When the circuit is disconnected, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes A1 and A2 connecting the first-stage armature coil group 102 and between the nodes C4 and C3 of the third-stage armature coil group 304, as if the nodes A1 and A2 and the nodes C4 and C3 are connected to the commutator segments respectively. Figures 6A-6B As shown, because the currents in the first and third stage armature coil groups 102 and 304 flow in the opposite direction, the armature coils facing the N pole surface and with the current direction projecting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 are transformed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b to the first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction injected into the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b to the first armature conductors 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductors 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0106] Second, see Figures 5B' to 5C' as well as Figures 6B to 6C .like Figures 5B' to 5C' As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the second first control switch 200B is switched from Figure 5B The short circuit is switched as Figure 5C The circuit breaker of the fourth first control switch 200D is Figure 5B The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5C The second second control switch 300B is short-circuited. Figure 5B The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5C The short circuit of the fourth second control switch 300D is Figure 5B The short circuit is switched as Figure 5CWhen the circuit is disconnected, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes B2 and B3 connecting the second-stage armature coil group 203 and between the nodes D4 and D1 of the fourth-stage armature coil group 401, as if the nodes B2 and B3 and the nodes D4 and D1 are connected to the commutator segments respectively. Figures 6B to 6C As shown, because the current in the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 flows in the opposite direction, the armature coil facing the N pole surface and the current direction shooting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b to the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11 b, 12b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction injected into the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a, 1a and the second armature conductors 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, 1b to the first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0107] Furthermore, please see Figure 5C'~5D' as well as Fig. 6C-6D .like Figure 5C'~5D' As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 200A is switched from Figure 5C The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5D The short circuit of the third first control switch 200C is Figure 5C The short circuit is switched as Figure 5D The first second control switch 300A is disconnected from Figure 5C The short circuit is switched as Figure 5D The circuit is disconnected, and the third second control switch 300D is switched from Figure 5C The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5D When the short circuit occurs, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes A1 and A2 connecting the first-stage armature coil group 102 and between the nodes C4 and C3 of the third-stage armature coil group 304, as if the nodes A1 and A2 and the nodes C4 and C3 are connected to the commutator segments respectively. Fig. 6C-6DAs shown, because the currents in the first and third stage armature coil groups 102 and 304 flow in the opposite direction, the armature coils facing the N pole surface and with the current direction projecting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 are transformed from the original first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b to the first armature conductors 1a, 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a and the second armature conductors 1b, 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction injected into the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b to the first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0108] Finally, see Figure 5D' , Figure 5A' as well as Fig.6D , Fig. 6A .like Figure 5D' , Figure 5A' As shown in the figure, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the second first control switch 200B is switched from Figure 5D The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5A The short circuit of the fourth first control switch 200D is Figure 5D The short circuit is switched as Figure 5A The second control switch 300B is disconnected from Figure 5D The short circuit is switched as Figure 5D The circuit is disconnected, and the fourth second control switch 300D is switched from Figure 5D The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 5A When the short circuit occurs, the current of the pair of external electrodes will be commutated between the nodes D4 and D1 connected to the fourth-stage armature coil group 401 and between the nodes B2 and B3 connected to the second-stage armature coil group 203, as if the nodes D4 and D1 and the nodes B2 and B3 are connected to the commutator segments respectively. Figure 6D~6AAs shown, because the current in the second and fourth order armature coil groups 203 and 401 flows in the opposite direction, the armature coil facing the N pole surface and the current direction shooting out of the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 1a, 4a, 5a, 8a, 9a, 12a and the second armature conductors 1b, 4b, 5b, 8b, 9b, 12b to the first armature conductors 1a, 2a, 5a, 6a, 9a, 10a and the second armature conductors 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 9b, 10b. b, and the armature coil facing the S pole surface and with the current direction incident on the surface of the annular armature unit 110 is changed from the original first armature conductors 2a, 3a, 6a, 7a, 10a, 11a and the second armature conductors 2b, 3b, 6b, 7b, 10b, 11b to the first armature conductors 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a, 11a, 12a and the second armature conductors 3b, 4b, 7b, 8b, 11b, 12b, so the magnetic unit 120 can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0109] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 rotates counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0110] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 rotates clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0111] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 rotates counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0112] In addition, the brushless DC rotating motor 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment can also be applied to a vehicle. By controlling the polarity of the first polarity electrode 160, the second polarity electrode 170 and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 of the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 can be controlled to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the vehicle transmission shaft.

[0113] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 rotates counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0114] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 will rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0115] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit 120 will rotate counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0116] In addition, when the polarities of the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches 200A~200D and the second control switches 300A~300D of the same order, the driving or output direction of the above-mentioned brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' will be reversed; and more specifically, when the polarities of the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches 200A~200D and the second control switches 300A~300D of the same order, the driving or output direction of the above-mentioned brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' will be quickly reversed, achieving a power modulation function similar to bipolar pulse width modulation (PWM). In addition, the above function can also be implemented without polarity inversion, but only by quickly and synchronously enabling or disabling the logic signal output by the logic unit, so that the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order are quickly and synchronously enabled or disabled, thereby achieving the power modulation function of unipolar pulse width modulation (PWM).

[0117] In addition, the brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' disclosed in the second embodiment can also be applied to a vehicle. By controlling the polarity of the first polarity electrode 160, the second polarity electrode 170 and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit to the control unit to control the magnetic unit 120 of the brushless DC rotating motor 2000, 2000' to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110, the rotation direction of the vehicle transmission shaft can be controlled.

[0118] Embodiment 3

[0119] The brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment includes: an annular armature unit, including: first armature conductors arranged in L slots in sequence, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the L slot in space, L is a natural number; and second armature conductors arranged in L slots in sequence, the second armature conductor is adjacent to the first armature conductor, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the L slot in space; a magnetic unit is arranged in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit has N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N is a natural number, wherein each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S is a natural number and S≥2, each pair of magnetic poles faces M' slots in the annular armature unit, M' is a natural number and M'=2S, and L=M'*N; a pair of external electrodes, having a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities, the pair of external electrodes is a rechargeable battery or a power module, and an inductor is also connected in series between the first polarity electrode and the rechargeable battery or the power module; a first common potential electrode, directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first polarity electrode; a second common potential electrode; a third common potential electrode, electrically connected to the second common potential electrode; a fourth common potential electrode, directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second polarity electrode; a control unit, including M1' first control switches, M1' second control switch, M2' third control switch, M2' fourth control switch, wherein M1'=2S1, M2'=2S2, M1'+M2'≤M', M1', M2', S1, S2 are all natural numbers, and S1≥1, S2≥1, S1+S2≤S; and a logic unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit, and the logic unit detects the position of the magnetic unit and then outputs a logic signal to the control unit to control the short circuit or open circuit of each of the first, second, third, and fourth control switches; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M'-order armature coil groups, and the P-th order armature coil group is composed of all the P1-th slot first electrical coils that satisfy 1≤Q≤N The armature conductor and all the second armature conductors of the P2 slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N are connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L, and the armature coil group is divided into S groups, and the S group armature coil groups can be further divided into a first group group and a second group group that are separated and independent from each other, wherein the first group group includes an armature coil group of S1 group, and the second group group includes an armature coil group of S2 group;The armature coil groups of the S1 group in the first group are respectively connected to the first control switch connected to the first common potential electrode and the second control switch connected to the second common potential electrode, and the armature coil group of the t1th group is composed of the t1th order armature coil group and the t1+Sth order armature coil group connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, t1 is a natural number and 1≤t1≤S1, and the two ends of the t1th group armature coil group have the [2(t1)-1]th node and the [2(t1)]th node respectively, and the [2(t1)-1]th node is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode through the [2(t1)-1]th first control switch, and the [2(t1)]th node is connected to the [2( t1)] first control switch is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode, and the [2(t1)-1]th node is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode through the [2(t1)-1]th second control switch, and the [2(t1)]th node is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode through the [2(t1)]th second control switch, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches are short-circuited, and the [2(t1)-1]th first control switch and the [2(t1)-1]th second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the [2(t1)]th first control switch and the [2(t1)]th second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time; wherein, the The armature coil groups of the S2 group in the second group are respectively connected to the third control switch connected to the third common potential electrode and the fourth control switch connected to the fourth common potential electrode, and the armature coil group of the t2 group is formed by the t2-order armature coil group and the t2+S-order armature coil group connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, t2 is a natural number and S1+1≤t2≤S, and the two ends of the t2 group armature coil respectively have the [2(t2)-1]th node and the [2(t2)]th node, and the [2(t2)-1]th node is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-3]th third control switch, and the [2(t2)]th node is connected to the [2(t2)- 2] third control switch is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode, and the [2(t2)-1]th node is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-3]th fourth control switch, and the [2(t2)]th node is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-2]th fourth control switch, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the third control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the fourth control switches are short-circuited, and the [2(t2)-3]th third control switch and the [2(t2)-3]th fourth control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the [2(t2)-2]th third control switch and the [2(t2)-2]th fourth control switch are not short-circuited at the same time. ;

[0120] In the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment, the first, second, third and fourth control switches can be selected from, for example but not limited to, power component switches, such as silicon carbide (SiC) component switches, silicon nitride (GaN) component switches, bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switches, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches or metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS) switches.

[0121] In the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment, the magnetic unit (not shown) is, for example but not limited to, a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet.

[0122] In the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment, the logic controller (not shown) is, for example but not limited to, a resolver, an encoder, a Hall sensor, a photo interrupter or a photoelectric sensor.

[0123] In the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment, the first armature conductor (not shown) and the second armature conductor (not shown) can be wound by, for example but not limited to, wave winding, lap winding or frog-leg winding.

[0124] In the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment, the annular armature unit (not shown) is an annular stator, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic rotor, or the annular armature unit is an annular rotor, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic stator.

[0125] The third embodiment of the present invention takes a 12-slot armature coil set as an example, i.e., L=12. The magnetic unit (not shown) is composed of three pairs of N poles and S poles with opposite magnetic properties (N=3) and located at two opposite ends of the magnetic unit, and the annular armature unit (not shown) and the magnetic unit can rotate relative to each other in a controlled manner.

[0126] As described above, L=M'*N in the third embodiment, and L=12, N=3, so M'=4 in the present embodiment. Therefore, the first armature conductor (not shown) and the second armature conductor (not shown) are divided into four stages, and the first and third stage armature coil groups 102, 304 are connected in reverse series with each other, and the second and fourth stage armature coil groups 203, 401 are connected in reverse series with each other. In addition, in other embodiments according to the present invention, the first and third stage armature coil groups 102, 304 can also be connected in parallel with each other, and the second and fourth stage armature coil groups 203, 401 can be connected in parallel with each other, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] like Figures 7A-7BAs shown, the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 of the third embodiment has L=12, M'=4, S=2, and S1=1, S2=1, that is, the armature coil group of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 can be divided into two groups, and can be further divided into a first group and a second group that are independent of each other, wherein the first group includes a group (S1=1) of armature coil groups, and the second group (S2=1) includes a group of armature coil groups, and t1=1, t2=2.

[0128] like Figures 7A to 7D As shown, the pair of external electrodes of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 of the third embodiment is a rechargeable battery module or power module V, having a first polarity electrode 160 and a second polarity electrode 170 with opposite polarities, and an inductor L is also connected in series between the first polarity electrode 160 and the rechargeable battery module or power module V. In addition, the first common potential electrode 165A of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 of the third embodiment is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first polarity electrode 160, the third common potential electrode 165C is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode 165B, and the fourth common potential electrode 165D is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second polarity electrode 165B. In addition, as Figures 7A to 7D As shown, the control unit (not shown) of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 of the third embodiment includes two (M1'=2) first control switches 255A, 255B, two (M1'=2) second control switches 256A, 256B, two (M2'=2) third control switches 257A, 257B, and two (M2'=2) fourth control switches 258A, 258B.

[0129] like Figures 7A to 7DAs shown, one group (S1=) of the first group of armature coil groups is respectively connected to the first control switches 255A, 255B connected to the first common potential electrode 165A and the second control switches 256A, 256B connected to the second common potential electrode 165B, and the first group (t1=1) armature coil group is composed of a first-order (t1=1) armature coil group and a third-order (t1=1, S=2) armature coil group connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, and the two ends of the first group of armature coil groups have a first node A1 and a second node C3 respectively, and the first node A1 is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode 165A through the first first control switch 255A, and the first The second node C3 is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode 165A via the second first control switch 255B, and the first node A1 is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode 165B via the first second control switch 256A, and the second node C3 is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode 165B via the second second control switch 256B, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches 255A and 255B are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches 256A and 256B are short-circuited, and the first first control switch 255A and the first second control switch 256A are not short-circuited at the same time, and the second first control switch 255B and the second second control switch 256B are not short-circuited at the same time.

[0130] like Figures 7A to 7D As shown, one armature coil group (S2=1) in the second group is respectively connected to the third control switches 257A, 257B connected to the third common potential electrode 165C and the fourth control switches 258A, 258B connected to the fourth common potential electrode 165D, and the second group (t2=2) armature coil group is formed by the second-order armature coil group and the fourth-order armature coil group being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, and the two ends of the second group of armature coils have a third node B2 and a fourth node D4 respectively, and the third node B2 is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode 165C by the first third control switch 257A, and the fourth node D4 is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode 165C by the second third control switch 257A. The third control switch 257B is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode 165C, and the third node B2 is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode 165D via the first fourth control switch 258A, and the fourth node D4 is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode 165D via the second fourth control switch 258B, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the third control switches 257A and 257B are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the fourth control switches 258A and 258B are short-circuited, and the first third control switch 257A and the first fourth control switch 258A are not short-circuited at the same time, and the second third control switch 257B and the second fourth control switch 258B are not short-circuited at the same time.

[0131] like Figures 7A-7B As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 255A is switched from Fig. 7A The short circuit is switched as Figure 7B The circuit breaker of the second first control switch 255B is Fig. 7A The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 7B The first second control switch 256A is short-circuited from Fig. 7A The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 7B The short circuit of the second control switch 256B is Fig. 7A The short circuit is switched as Figure 7B When the circuit is disconnected, the current of the pair of external electrodes will undergo current commutation between the node C3 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304 and the node A1 of the first-stage armature coil group 102, just as the nodes C3 and A1 are connected to the commutator segment. Therefore, the magnetic unit (not shown) of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit (not shown).

[0132] Secondly, if Figures 7B to 7C As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first third control switch 257A is switched from Figure 7B The short circuit is switched as Figure 7C The circuit breaker of the second second control switch 257B is Figure 7B The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 7C The first fourth control switch 258A is short-circuited from Figure 7B The circuit breaker is switched as follows Figure 7C The short circuit of the second fourth control switch 258B is Figure 7B The short circuit is switched as Figure 7C When the circuit is disconnected, the current of the pair of external electrodes will undergo current commutation between the node D4 connected to the fourth-stage armature coil group 401 and the node B2 of the second-stage armature coil group 203, just as the nodes D4 and B2 are connected to the commutator segments. Therefore, the magnetic unit (not shown) of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit (not shown).

[0133] Furthermore, if Figures 7C to 7D As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first first control switch 255A is switched from Figure 7C The circuit breaker is switched as follows Fig.7DThe second first control switch 255C is short-circuited from Figure 7C The short circuit is switched as Fig.7D The first second control switch 256A is disconnected from Figure 7C The short circuit is switched as Fig.7D The circuit is disconnected, and the second second control switch 256B is switched from Figure 7C The circuit breaker is switched as follows Fig.7D When the short circuit occurs, the current of the pair of external electrodes will undergo current commutation between the node C3 connected to the third-stage armature coil group 304 and the node A1 of the first-stage armature coil group 102, just as the nodes C3 and A1 are connected to the commutator segments. Therefore, the magnetic unit (not shown) of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit (not shown).

[0134] Finally, if Fig.7D , 7A As shown, the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, and the first third control switch 257A is switched from Fig.7D The circuit breaker is switched as follows Fig. 7A The short circuit of the second third control switch 257B is Fig.7D The short circuit is switched as Fig. 7A The first fourth control switch 258A is disconnected from Fig.7D The short circuit is switched as Fig.7D The circuit is disconnected, and the second fourth control switch 258B is switched from Fig.7D The circuit breaker is switched as follows Fig. 7A When the fourth-order armature coil group 401 is short-circuited, the current of the pair of external electrodes will undergo current commutation between the node D4 connected to the fourth-order armature coil group 401 and the node B2 of the second-order armature coil group 203, just as the nodes D4 and B2 are connected to the commutator segments. Therefore, the magnetic unit (not shown) of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment can rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit (not shown).

[0135] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, and the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 will rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0136] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is positively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is negatively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 will rotate counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0137] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a negative logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 will rotate clockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0138] According to the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention, when the first polarity electrode 160 is negatively charged, the second polarity electrode 170 is positively charged, and the logic unit outputs a positive logic signal to the control unit, the magnetic unit of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 will rotate counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110.

[0139] In addition, when the polarities of the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches 255A-255B, the second control switches 256A-256B, the third control switches 257A-257B, and the fourth control switches 258A-258B of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 will be reversed; and more particularly, when the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 are 0 and the polarity of the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to make the actions of all the control switches 255A-255B, the second control switches 256A-256B, the third control switches 257A-257B, and the fourth control switches 258A-258B of the same order quickly reversed, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 will be quickly reversed, and the power modulation function like pulse width modulation (PWM) is achieved. In addition, the above function can also be not reversed in polarity, but only the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly synchronized to enable or disable, so that the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order are quickly synchronized to enable or disable, and the power modulation function of unipolar pulse width modulation (PWM) is achieved.

[0140] In addition, the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment can also be applied to a vehicle. By controlling the polarity of the first polarity electrode 160, the second polarity electrode 170 and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit to the control unit to control the magnetic unit 120 of the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110, the rotation direction of the vehicle transmission shaft can be controlled.

[0141] Embodiment 4

[0142] The brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment has a structure similar to the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 disclosed in the third embodiment. The brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment further includes a fifth control switch 400A, a sixth control switch 400B and a seventh control switch 400C.

[0143] like Figures 8A-8B As shown, the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 may further include a fifth control switch 400A, a sixth control switch 400B and a seventh control switch 400C, and the third common potential electrode 165C is electrically connected to one end of the fifth control switch 400A and one end of the seventh control switch 400C at the same time, and the other end of the fifth control switch 400A is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode 165A, the second common potential electrode 165B is electrically connected to one end of the sixth control switch 400B and the other end of the seventh control switch 400C at the same time, and the other end of the sixth control switch 400B is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode 165D.

[0144] like Fig. 8A As shown, when the fifth and sixth control switches 400A, 400B are short-circuited and the seventh control switch 400C is open-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 is driven by the rechargeable battery module V as a parallel motor.

[0145] like Figure 8B As shown, when the fifth and sixth control switches 400A, 400B are open and the seventh control switch 400C is short-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor 3000 charges the rechargeable battery module V as a series generator.

[0146] The brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment may further include a resistor (not shown) as needed, and the resistor is connected in parallel with the inductor L.

[0147] In the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment, the first, second, third and fourth control switches can be selected from, for example but not limited to, power component switches, such as silicon carbide (SiC) component switches, silicon nitride (GaN) component switches, bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switches, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches or metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS) switches.

[0148] In the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment, the magnetic unit (not shown) is, for example but not limited to, a permanent magnet or a magnetic excitation magnet.

[0149] In the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment, the logic controller (not shown) is, for example but not limited to, a resolver, an encoder, a Hall sensor, a photo interrupter or a photoelectric sensor.

[0150] In the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment, the first armature conductor (not shown) and the second armature conductor (not shown) can be wound by, for example but not limited to, wave winding, lap winding or frog-leg winding.

[0151] In the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment, the annular armature unit (not shown) is an annular stator, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic rotor, or the annular armature unit is an annular rotor, and the magnetic unit is a magnetic stator.

[0152] In addition, when the polarities of the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches 255A-255B, the second control switches 256A-256B, the third control switches 257A-257B, and the fourth control switches 258A-258B of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 will be reversed; and more particularly, when the first polarity electrode 160 and the second polarity electrode 170 are 0 and the polarity of the second polarity electrode 170 remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to make the actions of all the control switches 255A-255B, the second control switches 256A-256B, the third control switches 257A-257B, and the fourth control switches 258A-258B of the same order quickly reversed, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotary motor 4000 will be quickly reversed, achieving a power modulation function like pulse width modulation (PWM). In addition, the above function can also be performed without polarity inversion, but only the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly synchronized to enable or disable, so that the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order are quickly synchronized to enable or disable, thereby achieving a power modulation function of unipolar pulse width modulation (PWM).

[0153] In addition, the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 disclosed in the fourth embodiment can also be applied to a vehicle. By controlling the polarity of the first polarity electrode 160, the second polarity electrode 170 and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit to the control unit to control the magnetic unit 120 of the brushless DC rotating motor 1000 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the annular armature unit 110, the rotation direction of the vehicle transmission shaft can be controlled. When the fifth and sixth control switches 400A and 400B are short-circuited and the seventh control switch 400C is open-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 is driven by the rechargeable battery module V like a parallel motor, and when the vehicle is moving, the fifth and sixth control switches 400A and 400B are open-circuited and the seventh control switch 400C is short-circuited, so that the brushless DC rotating motor 4000 can charge the rechargeable battery module V like a series generator.

[0154] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make further improvements and changes on this basis without departing from the spirit and protection scope of the present invention, and apply the present invention to electric tools, electric vehicles, electric aircraft, electric surface / underwater ships, bicycles, flywheel bicycles for fitness, boat skiing machines and other sports or power generation equipment, etc. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A brushless DC rotating motor, characterized in that: The brushless DC rotating motor comprises: Ring-shaped armature unit, comprising: L slots are sequentially arranged with first armature conductors spaced apart from each other, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is spatially adjacent to the first armature conductor in the Lth slot, where L is a natural number; and L slots are sequentially arranged with intervals between the second armature conductors, the second armature conductors are adjacent to the first armature conductors, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is spatially adjacent to the second armature conductor in the Lth slot; A magnetic unit is disposed in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit has N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N is a natural number, wherein each of the magnetic poles faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S is a natural number and S≥2, each pair of the magnetic poles faces M slots in the annular armature unit, M is a natural number and M=2S, and L=M*N; a pair of external electrodes having a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode of opposite polarities; A control unit, comprising M first control switches and M second control switches; and A logic unit, electrically connected to the control unit, and outputting a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit, so as to control the short circuit or open circuit of each of the first and second control switches; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M-order armature coil groups connected in series with each other, and the P-th-order armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors in the P1-th slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N and all the second armature conductors in the P2-th slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N connected in series or in parallel with each other, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, S are all natural numbers, and 1≤P≤M, 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L; wherein the first first control switch is arranged between the first polarity electrode and the node connecting the first-order armature coil group and the M-order armature coil group in series, the i-th first control switch is arranged between the first polarity electrode and the node connecting the i-1-th-order armature coil group and the i-th-order armature coil group in series, the first second polarity electrode is arranged between the second polarity electrode and the node connecting the first-order armature coil group and the M-th-order armature coil group in series, the i-th second control switch is arranged between the second polarity electrode and the node connecting the i-1-th-order armature coil group and the i-th-order armature coil group in series, wherein i is a natural number, and 2≤i≤M; Among them, when the brushless DC rotating motor is in the basic operation mode, at the same operation time, only one of the first control switch and the second control switch is short-circuited. When the first of the first control switches is short-circuited, the (1 + S)-th of the second control switches is short-circuited; when 2 ≤ i ≤ S, the i-th of the first control switches is short-circuited and the (i + S)-th of the second control switches is short-circuited; when i = S + 1, the i-th of the first control switches is short-circuited and the first of the second control switches is short-circuited; when S + 1 < i ≤ M, the i-th of the first control switches is short-circuited and the (i - S)-th of the second control switches is short-circuited. And when the brushless DC rotating motor is in the transition operation mode when switching from one basic operation mode to the next basic operation mode, two adjacent first control switches or two adjacent second control switches in the brushless DC rotating motor can be short-circuited simultaneously, while non-adjacent first control switches or non-adjacent second control switches cannot perform short-circuit actions simultaneously.

2. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first polar electrode and the second polar electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be reversed.

3. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first polar electrode and the second polar electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to quickly reverse the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order, the driving or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be quickly reversed.

4. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first and second polar electrodes and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit are not reversed, but only the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly synchronized to enable or disable, so that the actions of all first control switches and second control switches of the same order are quickly synchronized to enable or disable.

5. A brushless DC rotating motor, characterized in that: The brushless DC rotating motor includes: An annular armature unit, including: First armature conductors arranged at intervals in L slots in sequence, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the first armature conductor in the L-th slot in terms of spatial position, where L is a natural number; and Second armature conductors arranged at intervals in L slots in sequence, the second armature conductors are adjacent to the first armature conductors, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is adjacent to the second armature conductor in the L-th slot in terms of spatial position; A magnetic unit disposed within the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit having N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit is controllably rotatable relative to the annular armature unit, where N is a natural number. Each magnetic pole faces S slots in the annular armature unit, where S is a natural number and S ≥ 2. Each pair of magnetic poles faces M' slots in the annular armature unit, where M' is a natural number and M' = 2S, and L = M' * N; A pair of external electrodes having a first polar electrode and a second polar electrode with opposite polarities; a control unit, comprising M' first control switches and M' second control switches; and A logic unit, electrically connected to the control unit, and outputting a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit, so as to control the short circuit or open circuit of each of the first and second control switches; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M'-order armature coil groups, and the P-th order armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors of the P1-th slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N and all the second armature conductors of the P2-th slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M'*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M'*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L, and the armature coil group is divided into S groups, wherein the t-th group is composed of the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel, t is a natural number and t≤S; Wherein, the two ends of the t-th group of armature coil groups formed by the t-th order armature coil group and the t+S-th order armature coil group being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other respectively have a 2t-1-th node and a 2t-th node, and the first polarity electrode and the 2t-1-th node are electrically connected via the t-th first control switch, the second polarity electrode and the 2t-1 node are electrically connected via the t-th second control switch, the first polarity electrode and the 2t-th node are electrically connected via the t+S-th first control switch, and the second polarity electrode and the 2t node are electrically connected via the t+S-th second control switch; Among them, during the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches are short-circuited, and the tth first control switch and the tth second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the t+Sth first control switch and the t+Sth second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time.

6. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order, the drive or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be reversed.

7. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to quickly reverse the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order, the drive or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be quickly reversed.

8. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the polarity of the first and second polarity electrodes and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit are not reversed, the logic signal output by the logic unit is only quickly and synchronously enabled or disabled, so that the actions of all the first control switches and the second control switches of the same order are quickly and synchronously enabled or disabled.

9. A brushless DC rotating motor, characterized in that: The brushless DC rotating motor comprises: Ring-shaped armature unit, comprising: L slots are sequentially arranged with first armature conductors spaced apart from each other, and the first armature conductor in the first slot is spatially adjacent to the first armature conductor in the Lth slot, where L is a natural number; and L slots are sequentially arranged with intervals between the second armature conductors, the second armature conductors are adjacent to the first armature conductors, and the second armature conductor in the first slot is spatially adjacent to the second armature conductor in the Lth slot; A magnetic unit is disposed in the annular armature unit, the magnetic unit has N pairs of magnetic poles, and the magnetic unit can be controlled to rotate relative to the annular armature unit, N is a natural number, wherein each of the magnetic poles faces S slots in the annular armature unit, S is a natural number and S≥2, each pair of the magnetic poles faces M' slots in the annular armature unit, M' is a natural number and M'=2S, and L=M'*N; A pair of external electrodes, including a first polarity electrode and a second polarity electrode with opposite polarities, wherein the pair of external electrodes is a rechargeable battery or a power module, and an inductor is connected in series between the first polarity electrode and the rechargeable battery or the power module; A first common potential electrode, directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first polarity electrode; a second common potential electrode; a third common potential electrode, electrically connected to the second common potential electrode; a fourth common potential electrode, directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second polarity electrode; A control unit, comprising M1' first control switches, M1' second control switches, M2' third control switches, and M2' fourth control switches, wherein M1'=2S1, M2'=2S2, M1'+ M2'≤M', M1', M2', S1, and S2 are all natural numbers, and S1≥1, S2≥1, and S1+S2≤S; and a logic unit, electrically connected to the control unit, and outputting a logic signal to the control unit by detecting the position of the magnetic unit, so as to control the short circuit or open circuit of each of the first, second, third and fourth control switches; wherein the first and second armature conductors are divided into M'-order armature coil groups, and the P-order armature coil group is composed of all the first armature conductors of the P1-th slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N and all the second armature conductors of the P2-th slot satisfying 1≤Q≤N connected in series or in parallel, P1=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))] / L}, P2=1+{remainder obtained by [P-1+(M*(Q-1))+S] / L}, P, Q, P1, P2 are all natural numbers, and M'≥4, 1≤P≤M', 1≤Q≤N, 1≤P1≤L, 1≤P2≤L, and the armature coil group is divided into S groups, and the S groups of armature coil groups are further divided into a first group group and a second group group that are separated and independent from each other, wherein the first group group includes the armature coil groups of the S1 group, and the second group group includes the armature coil groups of the S2 group; Wherein, the armature coil groups of the S1 group in the first group are respectively connected to the first control switch connected to the first common potential electrode and the second control switch connected to the second common potential electrode, and the armature coil groups of the t1th group are formed by the armature coil groups of the t1th order and the armature coil groups of the t1+Sth order being connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel with each other, t1 is a natural number and 1≤t1≤S1, and the two ends of the armature coil groups of the t1th group have the [2(t1)-1]th node and the [2(t1)]th node respectively, and the [2(t1)-1]th node is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode through the [2(t1)-1]th first control switch, and the [2(t1)]th node is connected to the [2( t1)] the first control switch is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode, and the [2(t1)-1]th node is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode via the [2(t1)-1]th second control switch, and the [2(t1)]th node is electrically connected to the second common potential electrode via the [2(t1)]th second control switch, and during the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the first control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the second control switches are short-circuited, and the [2(t1)-1]th first control switch and the [2(t1)-1]th second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the [2(t1)]th first control switch and the [2(t1)]th second control switch are not short-circuited at the same time; Wherein, the armature coil groups of the S2 group in the second group are respectively connected to the third control switch connected to the third common potential electrode and the fourth control switch connected to the fourth common potential electrode, and the armature coil group of the t2th group is formed by the t2th order armature coil group and the t2+Sth order armature coil group connected in reverse series or in reverse parallel to each other, t2 is a natural number and S1+1≤t2≤S, and the two ends of the armature coil of the t2th group have the [2(t2)-1]th node and the [2(t2)]th node respectively, and the [2(t2)-1]th node is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-3]th third control switch, and the [2(t2)]th node is connected to the [2(t2)-2]th The third control switch is electrically connected to the third common potential electrode, and the [2(t2)-1]th node is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-3]th fourth control switch, and the [2(t2)]th node is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode through the [2(t2)-2]th fourth control switch, and at the same operation time, at most 1 / 2 of the third control switches are short-circuited and at most 1 / 2 of the fourth control switches are short-circuited, and the [2(t2)-3]th third control switch and the [2(t2)-3]th fourth control switch are not short-circuited at the same time, and the [2(t2)-2]th third control switch and the [2(t2)-2]th fourth control switch are not short-circuited at the same time.

10. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The brushless DC rotating motor also includes a fifth control switch, a sixth control switch and a seventh control switch, and the third common potential electrode is electrically connected to one end of the fifth control switch and one end of the seventh control switch at the same time, and the other end of the fifth control switch is electrically connected to the first common potential electrode, the second common potential electrode is electrically connected to one end of the sixth control switch and the other end of the seventh control switch at the same time, and the other end of the sixth control switch is electrically connected to the fourth common potential electrode, wherein, when the fifth and sixth control switches are short-circuited and the seventh control switch is open-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor is a parallel motor driven by the rechargeable battery module, and when the fifth and sixth control switches are open-circuited and the seventh control switch is short-circuited, the brushless DC rotating motor is a series generator that charges a pair of rechargeable battery modules.

11. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is changed to reverse the actions of all the first control switches, the second control switches, the third control switches and the fourth control switches of the same order, the drive or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be reversed.

12. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 11, characterized in that: When the polarities of the first polarity electrode and the second polarity electrode remain unchanged, and only the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly changed to quickly reverse the actions of all the first control switches, the second control switches, the third control switches and the fourth control switches of the same order, the drive or output direction of the brushless DC rotating motor will be quickly reversed.

13. The brushless DC rotating motor according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: When the polarity of the first and second polarity electrodes and the polarity of the logic signal output by the logic unit are not reversed, but only the logic signal output by the logic unit is quickly and synchronously enabled or disabled, so that the actions of all the first control switches, the second control switches, the third control switches, and the fourth control switches of the same order are quickly and synchronously enabled or disabled, thereby achieving the power modulation function of unipolar pulse width modulation (PWM).

14. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one brushless DC rotating motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises at least one brushless DC rotating motor as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one brushless DC rotating motor as claimed in claim 9 or 10.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a brushless DC rotating motor as claimed in claim 11.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a brushless DC rotating motor as claimed in claim 12.

19. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a brushless DC rotating motor as claimed in claim 13.

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