Synchronization mechanism, shifting system, shifting method and transmission of a transmission

Abstract

The present application provides a synchronizing mechanism, a shifting system, a shifting method and a transmission for a transmission, belonging to the technical field of transmissions. The synchronizing mechanism includes a clutch gear ring and a clutch sleeve. A plurality of first engaging teeth are circumferentially spaced on one axial side of the clutch gear ring. A plurality of second engaging teeth are circumferentially spaced on one axial side of the clutch sleeve. The first engaging tooth has a first reverse tooth flank, a first forward tooth flank, a first end face and a first chamfered face. The first reverse tooth flank is connected to the first end face, and the first end face is connected to the first forward tooth flank through the first chamfered face. The second engaging tooth has a second reverse tooth flank, a second forward tooth flank, a second end face and a second chamfered face. The second reverse tooth flank is connected to the second end face, and the second end face is connected to the second forward tooth flank through the second chamfered face. The second chamfered face is used to contact and cooperate with the first chamfered face when the clutch sleeve axially moves. The synchronizing mechanism of the transmission with this structure eliminates the reverse tooth engagement process and shortens the entire shifting time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transmissions, and more particularly, to a synchronization mechanism, a shifting system, a shifting method, and a transmission of a transmission. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the synchronization mechanism of a transmission, generally, a shift sleeve moves on a power shaft, and a plurality of engaging teeth on the shift sleeve are engaged with a plurality of engaging teeth on an engaging gear ring, so that the shift sleeve and the engaging gear ring rotate synchronously, and the engaging gear ring that originally idles on the power shaft following a transmission gear rotates synchronously with the power shaft, so that the transmission gear rotates synchronously with the power shaft.

[0003] In the prior art, both the engaging teeth on the shift sleeve and the engaging teeth on the engaging gear ring adopt a double-sided chamfer structure. During shifting (when the shift sleeve moves on the power shaft), the engaging teeth on the shift sleeve and the engaging teeth on the engaging gear ring may be engaged in the forward tooth direction or the reverse tooth direction. The forward tooth engagement time is shorter, and the reverse tooth engagement time is longer. Compared with the forward tooth engagement, the reverse tooth engagement time is significantly increased, resulting in an extension of the total shifting process time and an extension of the power interruption time, affecting the power performance of the transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a synchronization mechanism, a shifting system, a shifting method, and a transmission of a transmission to improve the problem that the double-sided chamfer structure of the engaging teeth results in a long shifting time.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization mechanism of a transmission, including an engaging gear ring and a shift sleeve;

[0006] A plurality of first engaging teeth are circumferentially spaced on one side in the axial direction of the engaging gear ring;

[0007] A plurality of second engaging teeth are circumferentially spaced on one side in the axial direction of the shift sleeve. The shift sleeve is coaxially arranged with the engaging gear ring, and the shift sleeve is configured to engage the plurality of second engaging teeth with the plurality of first engaging teeth when moving axially, so that the shift sleeve and the engaging gear ring can rotate synchronously;

[0008] Wherein, the first engaging tooth has a first reverse tooth side surface, a first forward tooth side surface, a first end surface, and a first chamfer surface. The first reverse tooth side surface and the first forward tooth side surface are respectively located on both sides of the first engaging tooth in the circumferential direction of the engaging gear ring. The first forward tooth side surface is connected to the first end surface, and the first end surface is connected to the first reverse tooth side surface through the first chamfer surface;

[0009] The second engaging tooth has a second reverse tooth side surface, a second forward tooth side surface, a second end surface, and a second chamfered surface. The second reverse tooth side surface and the second forward tooth side surface are respectively located on both sides of the second engaging tooth in the circumferential direction of the engaging sleeve. The second forward tooth side surface is connected to the second end surface, and the second end surface is connected to the second reverse tooth side surface through the second chamfered surface;

[0010] The second chamfered surface is used to contact and cooperate with the first chamfered surface when the engaging sleeve axially moves.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the first engaging tooth of the engaging gear ring only has the first chamfered surface, and the second engaging tooth only has the second chamfered surface, that is, both the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth adopt single-sided chamfered joint. When shifting gears (the engaging sleeve axially moves towards the direction close to the engaging gear ring), there will be three engaging situations. One is that the first chamfered surface contacts the second chamfered surface, that is, forward tooth engagement, and the engagement time is shorter; another is that the first end surface contacts the second end surface, that is, flat tooth engagement. During the rotation of the engaging gear ring, it can quickly skip the flat tooth engagement process and transition to forward tooth engagement, and the flat tooth engagement time is shorter; the third is that the first engaging tooth directly meshes with the second engaging tooth. In addition, when shifting gears, whether it is forward tooth engagement or flat tooth engagement, the situation where the engaging sleeve pushes back will not occur. The synchronizing mechanism of the transmission with this structure eliminates the reverse tooth engagement process and shortens the entire shifting time. After shifting gears, multiple first engaging teeth mesh with multiple second engaging teeth. The first reverse tooth side surface and the second reverse tooth side surface are both longer, and the distributed stress of the first reverse tooth side surface and the second reverse tooth side surface is smaller.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first end surface is perpendicular to the axis of the engaging gear ring;

[0013] The second end surface is perpendicular to the axis of the engaging sleeve.

[0014] In the above technical solution, since the first end surface and the second end surface are respectively perpendicular to the axis of the engaging gear ring and the axis of the engaging sleeve, and the engaging gear ring and the engaging sleeve are coaxially arranged, the first end surface is parallel to the second end surface. When the lengths of the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are certain, the lengths of the first end surface and the second end surface will be shorter, which can further shorten the flat tooth engagement time between the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth.

[0015] In some embodiments, both the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are planes;

[0016] In the above technical solution, both the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are planes, which is convenient for forming and processing.

[0017] In some embodiments, the included angle between the first chamfered surface and the axis of the engaging gear ring is the first included angle;

[0018] The included angle formed by the second chamfered surface and the axis of the engagement sleeve is the second included angle;

[0019] The first included angle is equal to the second included angle.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the first included angle formed by the first chamfered surface and the axis of the engagement gear ring is equal to the second included angle formed by the second chamfered surface and the axis of the engagement sleeve. This structure enables the first engagement tooth to contact the second engagement tooth surface during forward tooth engagement, making the engagement between the first engagement tooth and the second engagement tooth smoother during the engagement process.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are coplanar with the first end surface and the second end surface respectively.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are coplanar with the first end surface and the second end surface respectively, eliminating the flat tooth engagement process during gear shifting and further shortening the gear shifting time.

[0023] In some embodiments, both the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are arc surfaces.

[0024] In the above technical solution, both the first chamfered surface and the second chamfered surface are arc surfaces. During forward tooth engagement, the first engagement tooth and the second engagement tooth are in line contact, making it easier for the first engagement tooth and the second engagement tooth to mesh, that is, it is easier for the second engagement tooth to be stuck into the gap between two adjacent first engagement teeth.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first reverse tooth side surface and the first forward tooth side surface are distributed in an "eight" shape, so that the first engagement tooth has a first large end and a first small end, and the first small end is closer to the engagement gear ring than the first large end;

[0026] The second reverse tooth side surface and the second forward tooth side surface are distributed in an "eight" shape, so that the second engagement tooth has a second large end and a second small end, and the second small end is closer to the engagement sleeve than the second large end.

[0027] In the above solution, the first reverse tooth side surface and the first forward tooth side surface are distributed in an "eight" shape, and the second reverse tooth side surface and the second forward tooth side surface are distributed in an "eight" shape. After multiple first engagement teeth and multiple second engagement teeth are meshed, the first engagement teeth and the second engagement teeth are locked to each other, making it difficult for the second engagement tooth to exit after being stuck into two adjacent first engagement teeth, and it is not easy to have the situation of gear disengagement.

[0028] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a gear shifting system, including:

[0029] The above-mentioned synchronizing mechanism of the transmission;

[0030] The first detection device is used to detect the first rotational speed and angular position information of the engagement gear ring;

[0031] The second detection device is used to detect the second rotational speed and angular position information of the engagement sleeve;

[0032] The controller is used to adjust the rotational speed and angular position of the engagement sleeve according to the first rotational speed and angular position information and the second rotational speed and angular position information, so as to reduce the relative rotational speed and angular position between the engagement gear ring and the engagement sleeve to a preset value;

[0033] The shift mechanism is used to drive the engagement sleeve to axially move when the relative rotational speed and angular position between the engagement gear ring and the engagement sleeve reach the preset value, so as to realize shifting.

[0034] In the above solution, the first detection device and the second detection device can respectively detect the rotational speed and angular position of the engagement gear ring and the engagement sleeve. The controller can reduce the relative rotational speed between the engagement gear ring and the engagement sleeve to a preset value according to the rotational speed information detected by the first detection device and the second detection device. In this case, the shift mechanism can drive the engagement sleeve to axially move to realize shifting, avoiding the shift mechanism from performing a shifting action when the relative rotational speed between the engagement gear ring and the engagement sleeve is too high.

[0035] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shifting method, which is applicable to the shifting system described above. The method includes:

[0036] Obtain the contact situation between the second engagement teeth and the first engagement teeth when the shift mechanism drives the engagement sleeve to move during the shifting process according to the first rotational speed and angular position information and the second rotational speed and angular position information;

[0037] If the second end face contacts the first end face, control the shift mechanism to unload, so that the shifting force applied by the shift mechanism to the engagement sleeve is zero;

[0038] If the first chamfered surface contacts the second chamfered surface, control the shift mechanism to continue loading, so that the plurality of second engagement teeth mesh with the plurality of first engagement teeth to realize shifting.

[0039] In the above solution, during the shifting process, if the first end face of the first engagement tooth contacts the second end face of the second engagement tooth, the shift mechanism unloads, so that the shifting force applied by the shift mechanism to the engagement sleeve is zero, making the frictional force (the tangential frictional force between the first engagement tooth and the second engagement tooth) between the first end face and the second end face smaller. The engagement sleeve and the engagement gear ring can quickly turn through an angle under the inertia of the relative speed, so that the first engagement tooth and the second engagement tooth become in a smooth tooth contact, shortening the time of the plane contact process. At the same time, the tooth-to-tooth collision during the engagement of the first engagement tooth and the second engagement tooth is reduced, making the shifting process smoother.

[0040] Fourthly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission, including the synchronization mechanism of the above-mentioned transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer of the prior art provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 Force analysis diagram when the engaging teeth of the engaging sleeve and the engaging teeth of the engaging gear ring of the prior art provided by the embodiment of the present application are engaged in the same direction;

[0044] Figure 3 Force analysis diagram when the engaging teeth of the engaging sleeve and the engaging teeth of the engaging gear ring of the prior art provided by the embodiment of the present application are engaged in the opposite direction;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer provided by the second embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer provided by the third embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the reducer provided by the fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 10 Schematic block diagram of the shift system provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 11 Logic diagram of the shifting method provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Icon: 10 - Power shaft; 20 - Synchronizer; 30 - Transmission gear; 40 - Clutch gear ring; 41 - First clutch tooth; 411 - First reverse tooth flank; 412 - First forward tooth flank; 413 - First end face; 414 - First chamfered face; 50 - Clutch sleeve; 51 - Second clutch tooth; 511 - Second reverse tooth flank; 512 - Second forward tooth flank; 513 - Second end face; 514 - Second chamfered face; 100 - Synchronization mechanism; 200 - Shifting system; 210 - First detection device; 220 - Second detection device; 230 - Controller; 240 - Shifting mechanism; 241 - Shifting motor; 242 - Shifting actuator; 250 - Motor; 260 - Control unit. Detailed implementation mode

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. Usually, the components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0055] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of this application that is claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] Such as Figure 1As shown, in the synchronizer mechanism 100 of the transmission, a synchronizer 20, a transmission gear 30, and a clutch gear ring 40 are provided on the power shaft 10. The clutch gear ring 40 is fixed to the transmission gear 30. Both the transmission gear 30 and the clutch gear ring 40 are sleeved on the outside of the power shaft 10 and can rotate idly relative to the power shaft 10, that is, the power shaft 10 can rotate relative to the transmission gear 30, and the transmission gear 30 can also rotate relative to the power shaft 10. The synchronizer 20 includes a clutch sleeve 50. The clutch sleeve 50 is connected to the power shaft 10 through splines. The clutch sleeve 50 can move axially relative to the power shaft 10 and cannot rotate relative to the power shaft 10. When shifting gears, the clutch sleeve 50 is shifted to move relative to the power shaft 10 through a shifting mechanism ( Figure 1 not shown), so that the engaging teeth on the clutch sleeve 50 are engaged with the engaging teeth on the clutch gear ring 40, thereby enabling the clutch sleeve 50 and the clutch gear ring 40 to rotate synchronously, causing the clutch gear ring 40 that originally idled with the transmission gear 30 on the power shaft 10 to rotate synchronously with the power shaft 10, and thus enabling the transmission gear 30 and the power shaft 10 to rotate synchronously.

[0059] In the prior art, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the engaging teeth on the clutch sleeve 50 and the clutch gear ring 40 both adopt double-sided chamfered joints. When shifting gears, when the clutch sleeve 50 moves on the power shaft 10, the engaging teeth on the clutch sleeve 50 and the engaging teeth on the clutch gear ring 40 may be engaged in the forward direction, as Figure 2 shown; it may also be engaged in the reverse direction, as Figure 3 shown; it may also occur that the engaging teeth of the clutch sleeve 50 are directly engaged with the engaging teeth of the clutch gear ring 40 (not shown in the figure). The forward and reverse engagements will be analyzed in detail below.

[0060] In Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the shifting force is F s , the chamfer angle at the tooth tip is α, the friction coefficient of the tooth surface is μ, ω is the relative rotational speed difference between the clutch sleeve 50 and the clutch gear ring 40, and ν is the moving direction of the clutch sleeve 50.

[0061] As Figure 2 shown, for forward engagement, the force downward along the chamfer surface is:

[0062] F 斜面 = F s cosα - μF s sinα;

[0063] The force resisting gear shifting is: F s-re = F s sin 2 α + μF s sinαcosα.

[0064] AsFigure 3 As shown in the figure, for reverse tooth engagement, there is an additional reaction force perpendicular to the chamfered surface. This is because the movement direction of the engaging gear ring 40 is opposite to the movement direction when the engaging sleeve 50 is engaged. Therefore, the greater the load or inertia at the end of the engaging gear ring 40, the greater this reaction force will be.

[0065] The force downward along the chamfered surface is:

[0066] F 斜面 = F s cosα - μF s sinα;

[0067] The force resisting gear shifting becomes:

[0068] F s-re = F s sin 2 α + μF s sinαcosα + F 支反力 sinα.

[0069] By comparing the two contact conditions, the force F 斜面 to make the engaging sleeve 50 slide into the engaging gear ring 40 remains unchanged, but the force F s-re resisting gear shifting under reverse tooth engagement increases, and the speed at which the engaging sleeve 50 slides into the engaging gear ring 40 becomes slower, resulting in a longer reverse tooth engagement time. In particular, when F s-re > F s at this time, the engaging sleeve 50 will move backward until it disengages. After that, the engaging gear ring 40 rotates by an angle to become forward tooth engagement, and this process time will be much longer than forward tooth engagement.

[0070] From the above analysis, it can be seen that in the prior art, compared with forward tooth engagement, the engagement time of reverse tooth engagement is significantly increased, resulting in an extended total time of the gear shifting process and an extended power interruption time, which affects the power performance of the vehicle.

[0071] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronizing mechanism 100 for a transmission. The engaging teeth of the engaging gear ring 40 and the engaging teeth of the engaging sleeve 50 both adopt a single-sided chamfer structure to eliminate reverse tooth engagement and shorten the entire gear shifting time.

[0072] As Figure 4 shown, the synchronizing mechanism 100 of the transmission includes an engaging gear ring 40 and an engaging sleeve 50. The engaging gear ring 40 is used to connect with the transmission gear 30. A plurality of first engaging teeth 41 are circumferentially and spacedly arranged on one side of the engaging gear ring 40 in the axial direction. A plurality of second engaging teeth 51 are circumferentially and spacedly arranged on one side of the engaging sleeve 50 in the axial direction. The engaging sleeve 50 is coaxially arranged with the engaging gear ring 40. The engaging sleeve 50 is used to make the plurality of second engaging teeth 51 engage with the plurality of first engaging teeth 41 when moving axially, so that the engaging sleeve 50 and the engaging gear ring 40 can rotate synchronously;

[0073] Among them, the first engaging tooth 41 has a first reverse tooth flank 411, a first forward tooth flank 412, a first end face 413 and a first chamfered face 414. The first reverse tooth flank 411 and the first forward tooth flank 412 are respectively located on both sides of the first engaging tooth 41 in the circumferential direction of the engaging tooth ring 40. The first reverse tooth flank 411 is connected to the first end face 413, and the first end face 413 is connected to the first forward tooth flank 412 through the first chamfered face 414. The second engaging tooth 51 has a second reverse tooth flank 511, a second forward tooth flank 512, a second end face 513 and a second chamfered face 514. The second reverse tooth flank 511 and the second forward tooth flank 512 are respectively located on both sides of the second engaging tooth 51 in the circumferential direction of the engaging sleeve 50. The second reverse tooth flank 511 is connected to the second end face 513, and the second end face 513 is connected to the second forward tooth flank 512 through the second chamfered face 514. The second chamfered face 514 is used to contact and cooperate with the first chamfered face 414 when the engaging sleeve 50 moves axially.

[0074] It can be seen from the above structure that the first engaging tooth 41 of the engaging tooth ring 40 only has one first chamfered face 414, and the second engaging tooth 51 only has one second chamfered face 514, that is, both the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 adopt single-sided chamfered engagement. When shifting gears (the engaging sleeve 50 moves axially in the direction close to the engaging tooth ring 40), there will be three engaging situations. One is that the first chamfered face 414 contacts the second chamfered face 514, that is, forward tooth engagement, and the engagement time is shorter. Another is that the first end face 413 contacts the second end face 513, that is, flat tooth engagement. During the rotation of the engaging tooth ring 40, the flat tooth engagement process can be quickly skipped and transitioned to forward tooth engagement, and the flat tooth engagement time is shorter. The third is that the first engaging tooth 41 directly meshes with the second engaging tooth 51. In addition, when shifting gears, whether it is forward tooth engagement or flat tooth engagement, the situation where the engaging sleeve 50 pushes back will not occur. The synchronizer mechanism 100 of this structure of the transmission eliminates the reverse tooth engagement process and shortens the entire shifting time. After shifting gears, multiple first engaging teeth 41 mesh with multiple second engaging teeth 51. The first reverse tooth flank 411 and the second reverse tooth flank 511 are both longer than the traditional double-sided chamfered tooth flanks, and the distributed stress of the first reverse tooth flank 411 and the second reverse tooth flank 511 is smaller.

[0075] Among them, in Figure 4 , the orientation of the first reverse tooth flank 411 follows the rotation direction of the engaging tooth ring 40, and the orientation of the first forward tooth flank 412 faces the rotation direction of the engaging tooth ring 40; the orientation of the second reverse tooth flank 511 faces the rotation direction of the engaging tooth ring 40, and the orientation of the second forward tooth flank 512 follows the rotation direction of the engaging tooth ring 40.

[0076] It should be noted that the above-mentioned multiple first engaging teeth 41 are engaged with the multiple second engaging teeth 51. It can be understood that each first engaging tooth 41 is snapped into the gap between two adjacent second engaging teeth 51, and each second engaging tooth 51 is snapped into the gap between two adjacent first engaging teeth 41.

[0077] In some embodiments, with continued reference to Figure 4 , the first end face 413 is perpendicular to the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40; the second end face 513 is perpendicular to the axis of the engaging sleeve 50. Since the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 are coaxially arranged, it can be understood that the first end face 413 and the second end face 513 are arranged in parallel. When the lengths of the first chamfered surface 414 and the second chamfered surface 514 are fixed, the lengths of the first end face 413 and the second end face 513 will be shorter, which can further shorten the flat tooth engagement time between the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51.

[0078] Of course, in some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the first end face 413 can also be arranged at an acute angle to the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40; the second end face 513 can also be arranged at an acute angle to the axis of the engaging sleeve 50.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, both the first chamfered surface 414 and the second chamfered surface 514 are flat surfaces, and this structure facilitates the forming and processing of the first chamfered surface 414 and the second chamfered surface 514.

[0080] Optionally, the angle formed by the first chamfered surface 414 and the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40 is the first angle; the angle formed by the second chamfered surface 514 and the axis of the engaging sleeve 50 is the second angle, and the first angle is equal to the second angle. This structure enables the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 to be in surface contact during forward tooth engagement, making the engagement process between the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 more stable.

[0081] It should be noted that when the first end face 413 is arranged at an acute angle to the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40 and the second end face 513 is arranged at an acute angle to the axis of the engaging sleeve 50, the inclination angle of the first end face 413 and the inclination angle of the first chamfered surface 414 can be different, and the inclination angle of the second end face 513 and the inclination angle of the second chamfered surface 514 can also be different, as Figure 5 shown; of course, in some embodiments, as Figure 6As shown, the inclination angle of the first end face 413 may be the same as that of the first chamfered face 414, and the inclination angle of the second end face 513 may be the same as that of the second chamfered face 514, such that the first end face 413 and the first chamfered face 414 are coplanar, and the second end face 513 and the second chamfered face 514 are coplanar. This structure eliminates the flat tooth engagement process during the shifting process and further shortens the shifting time.

[0082] Of course, in addition to being planar, the first chamfered face 414 and the second chamfered face 514 may, in some embodiments, be Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, both the first chamfered face 414 and the second chamfered face 514 are arc surfaces. During the engagement of the forward teeth, the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 are in line contact, making it easier for the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 to mesh, and making it easier for the second engaging tooth 51 to be caught in the gap between two adjacent first engaging teeth 41.

[0083] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, the first end face 413 may be perpendicular to the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40, and the second end face 513 may be perpendicular to the axis of the engaging sleeve 50; of course, as Figure 8 shown, the first end face 413 may be arranged at an acute angle with the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40, and the second end face 513 may also be arranged at an acute angle with the axis of the engaging sleeve 50.

[0084] It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present application, both the first reverse tooth side face 411 and the first forward tooth side face 412 may be parallel to the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40, and both the second reverse tooth side face 511 and the second forward tooth side face 512 may be arranged parallel to the axis of the engaging sleeve 50, as Figures 4 - 8 shown.

[0085] Of course, in some embodiments, both the first reverse tooth side face 411 and the first forward tooth side face 412 may be arranged at an angle with the axis of the engaging tooth ring 40, and both the second reverse tooth side face 511 and the second forward tooth side face 512 may be arranged at an angle with the axis of the engaging sleeve 50.

[0086] Exemplarily, as Figure 9As shown, the first reverse tooth side surface 411 and the first forward tooth side surface 412 are distributed in an "eight" shape, so that the first engaging tooth 41 has a first large end and a first small end, and the first small end is closer to the engaging tooth ring 40 than the first large end; the second reverse tooth side surface 511 and the second forward tooth side surface 512 are distributed in an "eight" shape, so that the second engaging tooth 51 has a second large end and a second small end, and the second small end is closer to the engaging sleeve 50 than the second large end. This structure enables the first engaging teeth 41 and the second engaging teeth 51 to be locked with each other after meshing, making it difficult for the second engaging tooth 51 to withdraw after being caught between two adjacent first engaging teeth 41, and it is not easy to have the situation of gear disengagement.

[0087] The embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission, including the synchronization mechanism 100 of the transmission provided in any one of the above embodiments.

[0088] In addition, as Figure 10 shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a shift system 200, including a first detection device 210, a second detection device 220, a controller 230, a shift mechanism 240, and the synchronization mechanism 100 of the transmission in any one of the above embodiments.

[0089] The first detection device 210 is used to detect the first rotational speed and angular position information of the engaging tooth ring 40. The second detection device 220 is used to detect the second rotational speed and angular position information of the engaging sleeve 50. The controller 230 is used to adjust the rotational speed and angular position of the engaging sleeve 50 according to the first rotational speed and angular position information and the second rotational speed and angular position information, so as to reduce the relative rotational speed and angular position between the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 to a preset value. The shift mechanism 240 is used to drive the engaging sleeve 50 to axially move when the relative rotational speed and angular position between the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 reach the preset value, so as to achieve shifting.

[0090] The first detection device 210 and the second detection device 220 can respectively detect the rotational speed and angular position of the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50. The controller 230 can reduce the relative rotational speed between the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 to the preset value according to the rotational speed information detected by the first detection device 210 and the second detection device 220. In this case, the shift mechanism 240 can drive the engaging sleeve 50 to axially move to achieve shifting, avoiding the shift mechanism 240 from performing a shifting operation when the relative rotational speed between the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 is too high.

[0091] It should be noted that the relative rotational speed and angular position between the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 is the difference between the rotational speeds and angular positions of the engaging tooth ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50.

[0092] Optionally, the shift system 200 further includes a motor 250. The motor 250 is drivingly connected to the engaging sleeve 50. When the motor 250 operates, the power shaft 10 and the engaging sleeve 50 will rotate together. The motor 250 is electrically connected to the controller 230.

[0093] Exemplarily, the first detection device 210 may be an encoder. The encoder may be connected to the output shaft. The gear on the output shaft meshes with the transmission gear 30 on the power shaft 10. The rotational speed and rotation angle information of the engaging gear ring 40 can be indirectly obtained through the encoder.

[0094] Exemplarily, the second detection device 220 may be a motor resolver, which is connected to the motor 250. The rotational speed and rotation angle information of the engaging sleeve 50 can be indirectly obtained through the motor resolver.

[0095] Exemplarily, the controller 230 may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, single-chip microcomputer). According to the first rotational speed and rotation angle information and the second rotational speed and rotation angle information detected by the first detection device 210 and the second detection device 220, the torque and rotational speed that the motor 250 needs to output are calculated to control the output of the motor 250, so that the relative rotational speed between the engaging gear ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 is reduced to a preset value, so that the rotational speeds and rotation angles of the engaging gear ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 are as close as possible.

[0096] Optionally, the shift system 200 further includes a control unit 260. The control unit 260 is electrically connected to the controller 230 and the shift mechanism 240, and is used to control the shift mechanism 240 to drive the engaging sleeve 50 to axially move to achieve a shift when the relative rotational speed and rotation angle between the engaging gear ring 40 and the engaging sleeve 50 reach a preset value. Exemplarily, the control unit 260 is a TCU (Transmission Control Unit, automatic transmission control unit 260).

[0097] Exemplarily, the shift mechanism 240 includes a shift motor 241 and a shift actuator 242. The shift motor 241 is electrically connected to the control unit 260. The shift motor 241 is used to drive the shift actuator 242 to drive the engaging sleeve 50 to axially move to achieve a shift.

[0098] In addition, as Figure 11 shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a shift method, which is applicable to the above shift system 200. The method includes obtaining the contact situation between the second engaging tooth 51 and the first engaging tooth 41 when the shift mechanism 240 drives the engaging sleeve 50 to move during the shift according to the first rotational speed and rotation angle information and the second rotational speed and rotation angle information.

[0099] If the second end face 513 contacts the first end face 413, control the shift mechanism 240 to unload so that the shifting force applied by the shift mechanism 240 to the engaging sleeve 50 is zero; if the first chamfered surface 414 contacts the second chamfered surface 514, control the shift mechanism 240 to continue loading so that the plurality of second engaging teeth 51 mesh with the plurality of first engaging teeth 41 to achieve shifting.

[0100] During the shifting process, if the first end face 413 of the first engaging tooth 41 contacts the second end face 513 of the second engaging tooth 51, the shift mechanism 240 unloads, so that the shifting force applied by the shift mechanism 240 to the engaging sleeve 50 is zero, making the frictional force between the first end face 413 and the second end face 513 (the tangential frictional force between the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51) small. The engaging sleeve 50 and the engaging tooth ring 40 can quickly turn through an angle under the inertia of the relative speed, causing the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 to become in-phase contact, shortening the time of the planar contact process. At the same time, the inter-tooth collision when the first engaging tooth 41 and the second engaging tooth 51 are engaged is reduced, making the shifting process smoother.

[0101] Optionally, the contact situation between the second engaging tooth 51 and the first engaging tooth 41 can be detected by a working condition detection device. Exemplarily, the detection device can be a pressure sensor provided on the first end face 413 and / or the second end face 513.

[0102] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shifting method for a shifting system, characterized in that, The described shift system includes a synchronization mechanism of a transmission, a first detection device, a second detection device, a controller, and a shift mechanism; the synchronization mechanism of the transmission includes a clutch gear ring and a clutch sleeve. A plurality of first engaging teeth are circumferentially spaced on one axial side of the clutch gear ring. A plurality of second engaging teeth are circumferentially spaced on one axial side of the clutch sleeve. The clutch sleeve is coaxially arranged with the clutch gear ring. The clutch sleeve is configured to engage the plurality of second engaging teeth with the plurality of first engaging teeth when axially moving, so that the clutch sleeve and the clutch gear ring can rotate synchronously. The first engaging tooth has a first reverse tooth flank, a first forward tooth flank, a first end face, and a first chamfered face. The first reverse tooth flank and the first forward tooth flank are respectively located on both sides of the first engaging tooth in the circumferential direction of the clutch gear ring. The first reverse tooth flank is connected to the first end face. The first end face and the first forward tooth flank are connected through the first chamfered face. The second engaging tooth has a second reverse tooth flank, a second forward tooth flank, a second end face, and a second chamfered face. The second reverse tooth flank and the second forward tooth flank are respectively located on both sides of the second engaging tooth in the circumferential direction of the clutch sleeve. The second reverse tooth flank is connected to the second end face. The second end face and the second forward tooth flank are connected through the second chamfered face. The second chamfered face is configured to contact and cooperate with the first chamfered face when the clutch sleeve axially moves. Both the first chamfered face and the second chamfered face are arc surfaces. The first end face is arranged at an acute angle with the axis of the clutch gear ring. The second end face is arranged at an acute angle with the axis of the clutch sleeve. The first detection device is configured to detect first rotational speed and rotation angle information of the clutch gear ring. The second detection device is configured to detect second rotational speed and rotation angle information of the clutch sleeve. The controller is configured to adjust the rotational speed and rotation angle of the clutch sleeve according to the first rotational speed and rotation angle information and the second rotational speed and rotation angle information, so that the relative rotational speed and rotation angle between the clutch gear ring and the clutch sleeve are reduced to a preset value. The shift mechanism is configured to drive the clutch sleeve to axially move when the relative rotational speed and rotation angle between the clutch gear ring and the clutch sleeve reach the preset value, so as to achieve a shift; This method includes: Obtain the contact situation between the second engaging tooth and the first engaging tooth when the shift mechanism drives the clutch sleeve to move during the shifting process according to the first rotational speed and rotation angle information and the second rotational speed and rotation angle information; If the second end face contacts the first end face, control the shift mechanism to unload, so that the shifting force applied by the shift mechanism to the clutch sleeve is zero; If the first chamfered face contacts the second chamfered face, control the shift mechanism to continue loading, so that the plurality of second engaging teeth are engaged with the plurality of first engaging teeth to achieve a shift.

2. The shifting method of the shifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reverse tooth flank and the first forward tooth flank are distributed in an "eight" shape, so that the first engaging tooth has a first large end and a first small end, and the first small end is closer to the clutch gear ring than the first large end; The second reverse tooth side surface and the second forward tooth side surface are distributed in an "eight" shape, so that the second engaging tooth has a second large end and a second small end, and the second small end is closer to the engaging sleeve than the second large end.

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