Coal-fired boiler facilitating descaling

Abstract

The utility model relates to a coal-fired boiler, and particularly relates to a coal-fired boiler convenient for descaling. The utility model solves the problem of poor heat exchange effect of the coal-fired boiler caused by water wall scaling. The utility model discloses a coal-fired boiler body (1), which further comprises at least one energy collection layer (2) and a plurality of descaling sleeves (3). The at least one energy collection layer (2) is arranged below a water wall support plate (4) in the coal-fired boiler body (1), and the at least one energy collection layer (2) is detachably arranged on a water wall (5) in the coal-fired boiler body (1). The at least one energy collection layer (2) is located at the upper portion of a combustion chamber (6) in the coal-fired boiler body (1). Each water wall (5) is sleeved with a plurality of descaling sleeves (3), and each descaling sleeve (3) is in clearance fit with the water wall (5) and is detachably connected. The utility model is used for the coal-fired boiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a coal-fired boiler, and more specifically to a coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-fired boilers refer to boilers that burn coal as fuel. The heat from the coal is converted into steam or hot water, but not all the heat is effectively converted; some is wasted, leading to efficiency issues. Generally, larger boilers have higher efficiency, between 60% and 80%. Due to increasing market demand, the number of manufacturers is growing rapidly, and the industry is expanding.

[0003] While the industrial boiler industry has achieved remarkable results, underlying concerns remain. Firstly, the overall technological level of the industry needs improvement. Currently, the industry suffers from an excessive number of manufacturers, fragmented production, low production capacity in most enterprises, uneven development among companies, and low production concentration. Surveys indicate that although most companies have effectively improved their vitality and market responsiveness through operational mechanism transformation, some still lack long-term development strategies. This results in weak independent development and innovation capabilities, insufficient investment, and consequently, low-level product development and a lack of significant improvement in product performance and quality. The obvious problem is that market competition is at a low level, hindering the rapid improvement of the industry's overall technological level and economic efficiency.

[0004] With the continuous innovation in the field of coal-fired boilers in recent years, and in response to the problems existing in the use of existing coal-fired boilers, optimization is constantly being carried out in terms of energy conservation, emission reduction, and energy consumption reduction. How to maximize the collection and utilization of heat in coal-fired boilers has always been one of the research topics in this industry.

[0005] Currently, most coal-fired boilers exchange heat from the combustion of coal in the combustion chamber with cool water in the water-cooled walls, then directly supply the hot water to users. This heat exchange relies primarily on the heat generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber. However, the combustion of coal produces flue gas and coal ash, which easily lead to scaling on the exterior of the water-cooled walls during heat exchange. Once scale forms on the water-cooled walls, it hinders the heat exchange between the water-cooled walls and the coal combustion in the combustion chamber, resulting in energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problem of poor heat exchange performance in coal-fired boilers caused by scaling on water-cooled walls. It provides a coal-fired boiler that facilitates scale removal.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is a coal-fired boiler that facilitates descaling. It includes a coal-fired boiler body 1, at least one energy collection layer 2, and multiple descaling sleeves 3. The at least one energy collection layer 2 is installed below a water-cooled wall support plate 4 inside the coal-fired boiler body 1. The water-cooled wall support plate 4 is in contact with the white-blue light of the coal combustion flame, facilitating the absorption of heat from the flame. The at least one energy collection layer 2 is detachably installed on the water-cooled wall 5 inside the coal-fired boiler body 1. Generally, one, two, or three energy collection layers are used, with a spacing of 10-30 cm between adjacent energy collection layers. This is mainly to ensure that both energy collection layers can be used effectively during combustion in the combustion chamber. The energy collection layer is sufficient to receive the white and blue light of the flame. If the distance is too large, the bottommost energy collection layer may only be able to contact a portion of the white and blue light of the flame. If the distance is too small, it is not conducive to the rapid collection of heat. At least one energy collection layer 2 is located in the upper part of the combustion chamber 6 inside the coal-fired boiler body 1. Multiple descaling sleeves 3 are installed on each water-cooled wall 5, which can provide the necessary and flexible space for the installation of the energy collection layer. In addition, each descaling sleeve 3 is gap-fitted with the water-cooled wall 5, mainly to prevent the phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction when hot and cold water alternate in the water-cooled wall, to prevent the descaling sleeve from affecting the thermal expansion and contraction of the water-cooled wall itself, and to allow for detachable connection.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0009] This invention has two main beneficial effects, the specific technical effects of which are as follows:

[0010] 1. This invention installs multiple energy collection layers in the upper part of the combustion chamber of a coal-fired boiler. These energy collection layers are made of tungsten wire woven into a mesh and installed in the combustion chamber at equal or variable intervals. The choice between equal or variable interval installation depends on the type of coal being burned and the detection of the flame height and position during actual use to identify the location with the highest probability of white-blue light in the flame. Since tungsten can withstand temperatures of 1400-1500°C, the tungsten wire energy collection layers are heated and store heat. When the coal in the combustion chamber is about to burn out, or when the temperature in the combustion chamber is lower than the temperature collected by the energy collection layers, the heat provided by the layers is released and transferred to the water-cooled walls for further heat exchange. Therefore, this invention effectively collects and releases heat from the combustion chamber for heat exchange with the water-cooled walls, increasing the thermal energy utilization rate during coal combustion and thus reducing energy consumption.

[0011] 2. In addressing the scaling and slag buildup on the outer tube wall of the water-cooled boiler, this invention utilizes a descaling sleeve made of high-temperature resistant tungsten. This sleeve not only collects heat from the combustion chamber but also maintains the water temperature of the water-cooled boiler, effectively extending the utilization of thermal energy. Importantly, after a coal-fired boiler has been running for a period, during boiler inspection, simply rotating the agitator 8 with a handle within the descaling sleeve loosens the connection between the sleeve and the water-cooled boiler. This causes the slag or scale buildup on the sleeve to break up, eliminating the need for hammering the water-cooled boiler tubes or using other more complex methods for descaling or slag removal.

[0012] 3. Because the descaling sleeve of this invention is not long, it is relatively easy to operate during descaling, saving manpower, material resources, and financial resources.

[0013] 4. The present invention also provides a descaling method using a stirring rod 8 without a handle, which involves loosening the bolts to suddenly relax the connection of the descaling sleeve, thereby breaking up the scale and slag on the descaling sleeve and achieving descaling and slag removal. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is the main view of the energy harvesting layer.

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of scaling at the junction of the water-cooled wall and the grid plate, where multiple bolts (7) are used for connection.

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of scaling at the junction of the water-cooled wall and the grid plate, where tungsten wire is used for stitching. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 6This embodiment describes a coal-fired boiler that facilitates descaling, comprising a coal-fired boiler body 1, at least one energy collection layer 2, and multiple descaling sleeves 3. The at least one energy collection layer 2 is installed below the water-cooled wall support plate 4 inside the coal-fired boiler body 1, and the at least one energy collection layer 2 is detachably installed on the water-cooled wall 5 inside the coal-fired boiler body 1. The at least one energy collection layer 2 is located above the combustion chamber 6 inside the coal-fired boiler body 1. Multiple descaling sleeves 3 are fitted on each water-cooled wall 5, and each descaling sleeve 3 is clearance-fitted to the water-cooled wall 5 and is detachably connected.

[0022] This embodiment is based on the first specific implementation method. Specifically, the optimal number of energy harvesting layers 2 is 2, 3, or 4.

[0023] Since the length and size of the energy collection layer in this invention are similar to the size of the combustion chamber in a coal-fired boiler, it can store a relatively large amount of heat. Especially when multiple energy collection layers are used, energy can be mutually maintained and supplied, effectively saving coal resources and thus reducing the combustion cost of coal-fired boilers.

[0024] The energy harvesting layer of this invention can be used for 5-8 years after installation. From a long-term perspective, it is highly economical and does not require a lot of maintenance costs.

[0025] This embodiment is based on Specific Implementation Method 1, specifically, the energy harvesting layer 2 is an energy harvesting mesh made of tungsten wire.

[0026] Because tungsten is resistant to high temperatures, it is suitable for use in coal-fired boilers. Moreover, tungsten can store a large amount of thermal energy and can also transfer heat.

[0027] This embodiment is based on Specific Implementation Method 1, specifically, the mesh shape of the energy harvesting network is rhomboid or circular.

[0028] The use of rhombus or circle shapes is mainly to facilitate the upward movement of the flame, without hindering the normal combustion of the flame in the combustion chamber.

[0029] Moreover, diamond-shaped or circular holes are easy to process. Multiple tungsten wires are twisted into a thick tungsten wire, and then this twisted thick tungsten wire is processed into an energy collection layer with diamond-shaped or circular holes.

[0030] This embodiment is based on Specific Implementation Method 1, specifically, the mesh size of the energy harvesting net is 200-500.

[0031] The reason for using a 200-500 mesh collection net is to both store heat and allow the flames to rise.

[0032] If the mesh size of the collection net used is too large, it will not be conducive to heat storage, that is, the amount of heat stored will be reduced.

[0033] Conversely, if the mesh size of the collecting net is too small, it will not be conducive to the upward movement of the flame. Moreover, this application uses a multi-layer collecting net. If the mesh size of the collecting net is small, the heat of the white and blue light of the flame that the top layer of the collecting net can receive will be reduced.

[0034] In actual use, the mesh count of the multi-layer energy harvesting network gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0035] This embodiment is based on the first specific implementation method. Specifically, the descaling sleeve 3 is formed by a mesh plate.

[0036] Using a grid plate design facilitates rapid heat transfer to the water-cooled wall, thus avoiding the problem of heat exchange being affected by a thin plate covering the outer wall of the water-cooled wall.

[0037] In addition, the use of mesh panels for enclosure facilitates installation and disassembly.

[0038] This embodiment is based on the first specific implementation method. Specifically, the intersection of the grid plates is connected by multiple bolts 7.

[0039] This connection method is relatively simple, and in actual use, a descaling sleeve is connected with 4 or 6 bolts. The distance between adjacent bolts should be relatively large so that when the bolts are loosened, the mesh plate can easily and quickly spring open, achieving the separation and breakup of scale and slag. This improves and accelerates the descaling speed, and also effectively saves manpower and time.

[0040] This embodiment is based on Specific Implementation Method 1, specifically, the intersection of the grid plates is connected by tungsten wire stitching.

[0041] The mesh plate is connected by tungsten wire stitching, mainly to cooperate with the stirring rod 8. At this time, the mesh plate should not be stitched too tightly, otherwise it will affect the insertion of the stirring rod 8.

[0042] This embodiment is based on the first specific implementation method. Specifically, it also includes at least one stirring rod 8 with a handle, which is inserted into the descaling sleeve 3 along the axial direction of the water-cooled wall 5.

[0043] The stirring rod 8 is mainly used for connecting the mesh plate with tungsten wire stitching. Normally, the stirring rod 8 remains stationary. Also made of tungsten wire, it is heat-resistant. When descaling is needed, simply shake the stirring rod 8 to loosen the mesh plate. This breaks up the scale and causes it to fall off, eliminating the need for manual hammering and ensuring the lifespan of the water-cooled wall.

[0044] This embodiment is based on the first specific implementation method. Specifically, both the descaling sleeve 3 and the stirring rod 8 are made of tungsten wire.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0046] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale, comprising a coal-fired boiler body (1), characterized in that: It also includes at least one energy collection layer (2), multiple descaling sleeves (3) and at least one agitator (8) with a handle. At least one energy collection layer (2) is installed below the water-cooled wall support plate (4) inside the coal-fired boiler body (1), and at least one energy collection layer (2) is detachably installed on the water-cooled wall (5) inside the coal-fired boiler body (1). At least one energy collection layer (2) is located above the combustion chamber (6) inside the coal-fired boiler body (1). Multiple descaling sleeves (3) are fitted on each water-cooled wall (5). Each descaling sleeve (3) is surrounded by a mesh plate, and each descaling sleeve (3) is clearance-fitted with the water-cooled wall (5) and is detachably connected. The agitator (8) is inserted into the descaling sleeve (3) along the axial direction of the water-cooled wall (5).

2. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy harvesting layer (2) is an energy harvesting mesh made of tungsten wire.

3. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mesh shape of the energy harvesting network is rhomboid or circular.

4. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mesh size of the energy harvesting net is 200-500.

5. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intersections of the grid plates are connected by multiple bolts (7).

6. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intersections of the grid plates are connected using tungsten wire stitching.

7. A coal-fired boiler that is easy to descale according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the descaling sleeve (3) and the stirring rod (8) are made of tungsten wire.

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