Corn field water-saving irrigation system and irrigation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a corn field water-saving irrigation system, comprising a water tower, a water pump, an output main pipeline, a delivery branch pipe, a nozzle and a nozzle. The water pump is connected to a plurality of delivery branch pipes, and each delivery branch pipe is provided with an independently controlled branch valve. The delivery branch pipe is fixed along the ground by the clamp and the positioning pile; a protective box is provided on the outer side of the delivery branch pipe, and a wireless transmitter and a soil moisture sensor are provided in the protective box, and the detection end of the soil moisture sensor is inserted below the ground. A relay transceiver is provided on the corn field; the soil moisture data sensed by the soil moisture sensor is sent to a nearby relay transceiver through a wireless transmitter; a plurality of relay transceivers transmit the data in a relay manner, and finally send it to a data concentration controller, and then transmit it to a control background through the data concentration controller, and the control background adjusts the opening and closing and opening degree of the branch valve of the delivery branch pipe and the power of the water pump according to a preset program to achieve the purpose of water-saving irrigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to farmland irrigation facilities, and in particular to a corn field water-saving irrigation system and an irrigation method. Background Art

[0002] In northern my country, rainfall is relatively low, which is not suitable for growing rice. However, corn has good drought resistance and is the main crop for northern farmers. Corn can be used for food processing and feed processing and is an important food crop. Although corn has good drought resistance, it also needs to be watered and irrigated in the important stages of corn growth. During the flowering period, a corn plant consumes about 2kg of water per day, 3-4 cubic meters of water per mu per day, and 250-350 cubic meters of water during the entire growth period. Different growing corns have different water needs. The period from 10 days before tasseling to 10 days after tasseling is the period when corn requires the most water and is most sensitive to water in its life, which is called the "critical water demand period". Irrigation is required during this period. Corn generally needs to be watered 3-4 times in its life, depending on the specific conditions in different regions. As for irrigation methods, my country currently mostly uses furrow irrigation and furrow irrigation. Recently, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation have been developed. The latter two methods save water and irrigate evenly. During the flowering period and before the tasseling of corn, if watering is done manually or by machines, it is easy to collide with the branches and leaves of corn, causing damage to the flowers and tassels, thus affecting the fruiting. As water resources in the north are very precious, water conservation is of great significance to both the country and the farmers themselves, but the premise of water conservation is still to ensure that corn is adequately irrigated to avoid affecting its yield. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a corn field water-saving irrigation system and method, which automatically detects the moisture of the soil in the corn field at multiple points, and a centralized controller adjusts the irrigation intensity according to the sensed soil moisture, thereby achieving the purpose of water saving while ensuring effective irrigation.

[0005] Furthermore, considering that corn fields are usually large in area, wired transmission of humidity detection data requires the use of a large number of network cables, and wireless transmission has problems such as unstable and untimely signals. The present invention divides the corn field into several blocks, and sets a wireless signal relay transceiver every 10-50 square meters. The remote signal is wirelessly transmitted to the centralized controller in the form of a baton. Considering the energy issue, the batteries used in each humidity sensor, the batteries used in the wireless transmitter, the batteries used in the data collector, and the batteries in the wireless signal relay transceiver can all be powered and supplied by solar panels.

[0006] In addition, when irrigating, try to position the irrigation nozzle relatively low to the root of the corn and spray it into the soil at the root of the corn at a certain pressure. Through the impact of the spray, a certain "pit" of water will be created, so that the water accumulates and penetrates below the soil surface at the root of the corn. Try to avoid spraying water directly on the branches and leaves of the corn (it evaporates too quickly and is difficult to absorb and utilize, which can avoid damaging the flower spikes, etc.).

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] A corn field water-saving irrigation system comprises a water tower (2), a water pump (5), an output main pipeline (13), a delivery branch pipe (12), a spray pipe (8), a regulator (7) and a spray head (6);

[0010] The water tower (2) is used for storing water and is connected to a water pump (5) through an output main pipeline (13). The water pump (5) is connected to a plurality of delivery branch pipes (12). A separately controlled branch valve (121) is provided on the connection pipeline between each delivery branch pipe (12) and the water pump (5). A plurality of vertical spray pipes (8) are connected to each delivery branch pipe (12) at intervals. The spray pipes (8) are connected to a spray head (6) through a regulator (7). The spray head (6) sprays water in an obliquely downward direction.

[0011] A clamp (11) is provided at intervals on the transport branch pipe (12), and a positioning pile (10) is connected below the clamp (11). The transport branch pipe (12) is fixed and routed at the same height along the ground through the clamp (11) and the positioning pile (10); a protective box (9) is provided at intervals outside the transport branch pipe (12), and a battery, a wireless transmitter, and a soil moisture sensor (14) are provided in the protective box (9), and the detection end of the soil moisture sensor (14) is inserted below the ground; the battery provides electrical energy to the wireless transmitter and the soil moisture sensor (14);

[0012] A relay transceiver is arranged every 10-50 square meters on the corn field; soil moisture data sensed by the soil moisture sensor (14) is sent to a nearby relay transceiver via the wireless transmitter; there are multiple relay transceivers, and the multiple relay transceivers transmit the data in a relay manner, and finally send the data to a data concentration controller (16), and after standardized digital processing by the data concentration controller (16), the data is transmitted to a control background, and the control background adjusts the opening and closing and opening degree of a branch valve (121) on each delivery branch pipe (12) and the power of a water pump (5) according to a preset program.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each nozzle (8) is provided with an independently controlled nozzle solenoid valve (81) at a position where the nozzle (8) is connected to the delivery branch pipe (12). The control background also adjusts the opening and closing and the opening degree of the nozzle solenoid valve (81) on each nozzle (8) according to the soil moisture data sensed by the soil moisture sensor (14) and a preset program.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water tower (2) is provided with a cover (3) on the top, and a handle (4) is provided on the cover (3); a filter screen (105) is provided on the upper inner side of the water tower (2); wherein the filter screen (105) is a removable structure; a plurality of support blocks (104) are provided on the upper inner wall of the water tower (2); the filter screen (105) is placed on the support blocks (104); handles (103) are hinged at both ends of the filter screen (105) near the edge; a water inlet is also provided above the water body (2), and the water inlet is located above the filter screen (105); the water inlet is connected to a nearby available water source, including tap water, groundwater, lakes, rivers, reservoirs, ponds, water storage ditches, etc.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a stirring wheel (106) is provided in the water tower (2), and the stirring wheel (106) includes a shaft, the lower end of the shaft of the stirring wheel (106) extends into the interior of the cover (109), and the lower end of the shaft is provided with a bevel gear, which meshes with another bevel gear driven by an external motor (101). The stirring wheel (106) is used to stir water and concentrated fertilizer or pesticide evenly.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an ultraviolet sensor (15) is further provided in the protection box (9). The ultraviolet sensor (15) senses the sunlight intensity and transmits the data to a nearby relay transceiver through the wireless transmitter. The data is relayed through the relay transceiver and finally sent to a data concentration controller (16). After standardized digital processing by the data concentration controller (16), the data is transmitted to the control background. The control background adjusts the opening and closing and opening degree of the branch valve (121) on each delivery branch pipe (12) and the power of the water pump (5) according to a preset program.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery in the protection box (9) is a rechargeable battery, a photovoltaic power generation panel is provided outside the protection box (9) or near the protection box (9), and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel is stored in the rechargeable battery; the relay transceiver is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation component, and the power is replenished by the photovoltaic power generation component. The photovoltaic power generation panel or solar power generation device is fixed at a position higher than the corn plant by a bracket.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the regulator (7) includes a spherical structure (705), a rotating seat (702), a sealing ring (704) and a transverse tube (706); the spherical structure (705) is fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle (8); a first through hole (701) is provided in the spherical structure (705); the rotating seat (702) forms a concave surface, just covering the outside of the spherical structure (705) and being able to rotate relative to the spherical structure (705); a second through hole (703) is provided in the rotating seat (702); the first through hole (701) is connected to one end of the second through hole (703); the transverse tube (706) is connected to the other end of the second through hole (703); nozzles (6) are provided at both ends of the transverse tube (706); and a sealing ring (704) is provided between the spherical structure (705) and the rotating seat (702).

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle (6) is a 360-degree self-rotating nozzle, which uses the pressure of the water spray to hit the spring, and then uses the rebound force of the spring to rotate automatically.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects

[0021] The corn field water-saving irrigation system and method provided by the present invention automatically detects the soil humidity and sunshine intensity in the corn field at multiple points. The centralized controller adjusts the working power of the water pump and the opening and closing degree of the branch valve and the nozzle solenoid valve according to the soil humidity and sunshine intensity, thereby adjusting the irrigation intensity and achieving the purpose of water saving on the basis of ensuring effective irrigation.

[0022] Furthermore, considering that corn fields are usually large in area, the corn fields are divided into several blocks, and a wireless signal relay transceiver is set up within every 10-50 square meters. The remote signal is wirelessly transmitted to the centralized controller in the form of a baton to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of data transmission and avoid the use of cables. Considering the power supply problem, the batteries used by each humidity sensor, ultraviolet sensor, wireless transmitter, and wireless signal relay transceiver can all be powered and replenished by solar panels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Soil moisture sensor and ultraviolet sensor are installed in the protective box.

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the regulator provided at the top of the nozzle.

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tower.

[0027] Figure 5 Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the A part structure.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a corn field water-saving irrigation system of the present invention includes a water tower 2, a water pump 5, an output main pipeline 13, a delivery branch pipe 12, a nozzle 8, a regulator 7 and a nozzle 6.

[0031] The water tower 2 is used for storing water and is connected to the water pump 5 through the output main pipeline 13. The water pump 5 is connected to a number of delivery branch pipes 12. Each delivery branch pipe 12 is provided with a separately controlled branch valve 121 on the connecting pipeline with the water pump 5. Each delivery branch pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of vertical nozzles 8 at intervals. The nozzle 8 is connected to the nozzle 6 through the regulator 7. The nozzle 6 sprays water in an oblique downward direction to avoid the water being sprayed on the corn branches and leaves and quickly evaporated, causing waste.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, a clamp 11 is provided at intervals on the delivery branch pipe 12, and a positioning pile 10 is connected below the clamp 11. The delivery branch pipe 12 is fixed and routed along the ground at the same height through the clamp 11 and the positioning pile 10. A protective box 9 is provided on the outside of some positioning piles 10, and a battery, a wireless transmitter, a soil moisture sensor 14 and an ultraviolet sensor 15 are provided in the protective box 9. The detection end of the soil moisture sensor 14 is inserted below the ground, and the ultraviolet sensor 15 can be irradiated by sunlight (the protective box 9 is partially made of a light-transmitting material); the battery provides power to the wireless transmitter, the soil moisture sensor 14 and the ultraviolet sensor 15. The battery is a rechargeable battery, and a photovoltaic power generation panel is provided outside the protective box 9 or near the protective box 9. The power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel is stored in the rechargeable battery; the relay transceiver is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation component, and the power is replenished through the photovoltaic power generation component. The photovoltaic power generation panel or the photovoltaic power generation component is fixed at a position higher than the corn plant with a bracket.

[0033] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, each nozzle 8 is connected to the delivery branch pipe 12 at a position where an independently controlled nozzle solenoid valve 81 is provided. The driving power required for regulating the nozzle solenoid valve 81 comes from a battery or from a nearby photovoltaic power generation component. The driving power required for regulating the branch valve 121 can come from a battery or from a nearby photovoltaic power generation component.

[0034] like Figure 6As shown, a relay transceiver is set every 10-50 square meters on the corn field; the soil moisture data sensed by the soil moisture sensor 14 and the sunlight intensity sensed by the ultraviolet sensor 15 are sent to the nearby relay transceiver through a wireless transmitter; there are multiple relay transceivers, and multiple relay transceivers transmit the data in relay mode, and finally send the data to the data concentration controller 16, which is transmitted to the control background after standardized digital processing by the data concentration controller 16. The control background adjusts the opening and closing of the branch valve 121 on each delivery branch pipe 12, the opening degree of the nozzle solenoid valve 81, and the power of the water pump 5 according to the preset program.

[0035] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, a cover 3 is provided on the top of the water tower 2, and a handle 4 is provided on the cover 3, and the cover 3 can be opened by the handle 4. A filter screen 105 is provided on the upper inner side of the water tower 2, and the filter screen 105 is a removable structure; a plurality of support blocks 104 are provided above the inner wall of the water tower 2, and the filter screen 105 is placed on the support blocks 104, and handles 103 are hinged on both ends of the filter screen 105 near the edge; a water inlet is also provided above the water body 2, and the water inlet is located above the filter screen 105; the water inlet is connected to a nearby available water source, including tap water, groundwater, lakes, rivers, reservoirs, ponds, water storage ditches, etc. The filter screen 105 is used to filter and remove slag from water to prevent blockage of the water pump 5, the delivery branch pipe 12, the nozzle 8, etc. The water tower 2 is provided with a stirring wheel 106, which includes a shaft, the lower end of which extends into the housing 109, and a bevel gear is provided at the lower end of the shaft, which meshes with another bevel gear driven by an external motor 101. The stirring wheel 106 is used to mix water and concentrated fertilizer or pesticide evenly.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the regulator 7 includes a spherical structure 705, a rotating seat 702, a sealing ring 704 and a transverse tube 706. The spherical structure 705 is fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle 8. A first through hole 701 is provided in the spherical structure 705. The rotating seat 702 forms a concave surface, just covering the outside of the spherical structure 705 and being able to rotate relative to the spherical structure 705. A second through hole 703 is provided in the rotating seat 702; the first through hole 701 is connected to one end of the second through hole 703; the transverse tube 706 is connected to the other end of the second through hole 703; a nozzle 6 is provided at both ends of the transverse tube 706; and a sealing ring 704 is provided between the spherical structure 705 and the rotating seat 702. Further, the nozzle 6 is a 360-degree self-rotating nozzle. The pressure of the water spray is used to hit the spring, and then the force of the spring rebound is used to rotate automatically.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn field water-saving irrigation system, characterized in that: It comprises a water tower (2), a water pump (5), an output main pipeline (13), a delivery branch pipe (12), a nozzle (8), a regulator (7) and a nozzle (6); The water tower (2) is used for storing water and is connected to a water pump (5) via an output main pipeline (13). The water pump (5) is connected to a plurality of delivery branch pipes (12). A separately controlled branch valve (121) is provided on the connection pipeline between each delivery branch pipe (12) and the water pump (5). A plurality of vertical spray pipes (8) are connected to each delivery branch pipe (12) at intervals. The spray pipes (8) are connected to a spray head (6) via a regulator (7). The spray head (6) sprays water in an obliquely downward direction. The spray head (6) is located at a relatively low position relative to the corn root and sprays water into the soil at the corn root at a certain pressure to avoid spraying water directly onto the corn branches and leaves. Wherein, a clamp (11) is provided at intervals on the transport branch pipe (12), and a positioning pile (10) is connected below the clamp (11). The transport branch pipe (12) is fixed and routed along the ground at the same height through the clamp (11) and the positioning pile (10); a protective box (9) is provided at intervals outside the transport branch pipe (12), and a battery, a wireless transmitter, and a soil moisture sensor (14) are provided in the protective box (9), and the detection end of the soil moisture sensor (14) is inserted below the ground; the battery provides power to the wireless transmitter and the soil moisture sensor (14); A relay transceiver is provided every 10-50 square meters on the corn field; soil moisture data sensed by the soil moisture sensor (14) is transmitted to a nearby relay transceiver via the wireless transmitter; there are multiple relay transceivers, and the multiple relay transceivers transmit the data in a relay manner, and finally send the data to a data concentration controller (16), and after standardized digital processing by the data concentration controller (16), the data is transmitted to a control background, and the control background adjusts the opening and closing and opening degree of the branch valve (121) on each delivery branch pipe (12) and the power of the water pump (5) according to a preset program; The protection box (9) is also provided with an ultraviolet sensor (15), which senses the intensity of sunlight and transmits it to a nearby relay transceiver via the wireless transmitter. The data is relayed through the relay transceiver and finally sent to a data concentration controller (16). After being standardized and digitally processed by the data concentration controller (16), the data is transmitted to a control background, which adjusts the opening and closing and opening degree of the branch valve (121) on each delivery branch pipe (12) and the power of the water pump (5) according to a preset program. The battery in the protection box (9) is a rechargeable battery. A photovoltaic power generation panel is provided outside the protection box (9) or near the protection box (9). The electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel is stored in the rechargeable battery. The relay transceiver is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation component, and the electricity is replenished through the photovoltaic power generation component.

2. The corn field water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tower (2) is provided with a cover body (3) on the top, and a handle (4) is provided on the cover body (3); a filter screen (105) is provided on the upper inner side of the water tower (2); the filter screen (105) is a removable structure; a plurality of support blocks (104) are provided on the upper inner side wall of the water tower (2); the filter screen (105) is placed on the support blocks (104); handles (103) are hingedly connected at both ends of the filter screen (105) near the edge; a water inlet is also provided on the upper side of the water tower (2), and the water inlet is located above the filter screen (105); the water inlet is connected to a nearby available water source.

3. The corn field water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tower (2) is provided with a stirring wheel (106), the stirring wheel (106) comprising a shaft, the lower end of the shaft of the stirring wheel (106) extending into the interior of the cover (109), and a bevel gear being provided at the lower end of the shaft, meshing with another bevel gear driven by an external motor (101).

4. The corn field water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulator comprises a spherical structure (705), a rotating seat (702), a sealing ring (704) and a transverse tube (706); the spherical structure (705) is fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle (8); a first through hole (701) is provided in the spherical structure (705); the rotating seat (702) forms a concave surface, just covering the outside of the spherical structure (705) and being able to rotate relative to the spherical structure (705); a second through hole (703) is provided in the rotating seat (702); the first through hole (701) is communicated with one end of the second through hole (703); the transverse tube (706) is communicated with the other end of the second through hole (703); nozzles (6) are provided at both ends of the transverse tube (706); and a sealing ring (704) is provided between the spherical structure (705) and the rotating seat (702).

5. The corn field water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (6) is a 360-degree self-rotating nozzle.

6. The corn field water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An independently controlled nozzle solenoid valve (81) is provided at the position where each nozzle (8) is connected to the delivery branch pipe (12); the control background adjusts the opening and closing and the opening degree of the nozzle solenoid valve (81) on each nozzle (8) according to the soil moisture data sensed by the soil moisture sensor (14) and a preset program.

7. A corn field water-saving irrigation method, characterized in that: The corn field water-saving irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for irrigation management.

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