Orbital jaw-facial testing fixture and its application and orbital jaw-facial testing device based thereon

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rail jaw surface test fixture and its application and a rail jaw surface test device based on the same, which belongs to the technical field of rail unevenness measuring devices. The rail jaw surface test fixture includes a slider, and a clamping block is provided at one end of the slider that fits with the top surface of the rail. When the slider moves along the rail, the clamping block is used to maintain the fit between the slider and the side of the rail; a sensor holder is provided at one end of the slider that fits with the side of the rail, and a seat hole is provided on the sensor holder for placing the sensor, and the seat hole is axially perpendicular to the rail jaw surface. In the rail jaw surface test device, a capacitive displacement sensor is installed in the seat hole. The rail jaw surface test fixture is used in the unevenness test of the rail jaw surface of a rocket sled, so as to achieve high-precision measurement in a small space of the rail jaw surface, and has the advantages of non-contact and no friction and wear, and meets the rail measurement requirements in the rocket sled field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of track unevenness measuring devices and relates to a track jaw surface testing fixture and an application thereof and a track jaw surface testing device based on the same. Background Art

[0002] Track measurement is a crucial component of track construction, inspection, and maintenance. It's a key technology for ensuring proper track configuration and the safe and stable operation of on-track vehicles. Rocket sleds are attached to the track via skids. Conventional rocket sleds have low speeds and low lift. During normal operation, the skids only contact the top and sides of the track, not the jaws. This lowers the requirements for the jaws, and inspection and measurement of the jaws are typically not performed. However, when the rocket sled operates at hypersonic speeds, the skids contact the track jaws due to their high speeds and high lift. Furthermore, the stability of the sled's operation is extremely sensitive to the smoothness of the track, necessitating measurement of the unevenness of the track jaws. With the development of railway transportation, track measurement tools have evolved from the most primitive chord and track ruler to a highly integrated track inspection instrument, track inspection trolley, dynamic track inspection vehicle, etc. [Niu Xiaoji, Chen Qijin, Zhang Quan, Zhang Hongping, Liu Jingnan. A track irregularity detection system and method based on INS / GNSS [P]. Hubei: CN103343498A, 2013-10-09.], and the measurement technology has evolved from the original scale and level to displacement sensors [Luo Ziming, Zhang Zhenguo, Wei Shichuan, Gu Xuean. Track integrated measuring instrument [P]. Shanghai: CN2473089, 2002-01-23.] and acceleration sensors, optical sensors, etc. Current measurement equipment and instruments primarily measure track parameters such as gauge, level, and superelevation, but do not cover the measurement of the rail head jaw surface. While accuracy and efficiency continue to improve with advancements in measurement technology, high-precision measurement technology and equipment for rocket sled tracks remains underdeveloped.

[0003] In addition, existing technologies and equipment mainly meet the requirements of transportation tracks, and have not yet involved the measurement of track jaws. Moreover, the track jaws face the ground, and the space is narrow, which is a blind spot for optical measurement. Laser trackers and other equipment cannot directly measure it. Accelerometers are not suitable for long-distance measurement because they require two integrations, resulting in error accumulation. Inertial navigation systems (INS) and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are mainly used for railway track inspection vehicle attitude measurement and are not suitable for track jaw measurement. In addition, the measurement accuracy cannot meet the requirements of rocket sled tracks. The required track height unevenness deviation of railway tracks is 2mm (chord length 10m) [TB 10082-2017, Railway Track Design Specifications [S]], while the rocket sled track requires a height difference of no more than 2mm per 50m [Wang Jian, Wu Junji, Tao Gang. Analysis of power spectrum density of rocket sled track irregularities [J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2008, 20(04): 81-83.]. It is necessary to add high-precision measurement of track jaws based on existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a track and jaw face testing fixture and its application and a track and jaw face testing device based on the same, so as to achieve high-precision measurement of the track and jaw face.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention discloses a rail jaw surface testing fixture, comprising a slider, an end of the slider that is in contact with the top surface of the track is provided with a clamping block, and when the slider moves along the track, the clamping block is used to maintain the contact state of the slider and the side surface of the track; an end of the slider that is in contact with the side surface of the track is provided with a sensor support, and the sensor support is provided with a seat hole for placing the sensor, and the axial direction of the seat hole is perpendicular to the rail jaw surface.

[0007] Preferably, a marking block for locating a point to be measured is provided on the slider, and the marking block is in contact with the top surface of the track.

[0008] Preferably, the contact surface between the slider and the sensor support is parallel to the rail jaw surface.

[0009] Preferably, a spring pressure device is provided in the clamping block, and the spring pressure device contacts the side of the track; the spring pressure device includes an adjusting bolt, a spring, a spring guide rod and a steel ball in contact with the side of the track connected in sequence, and a ball block is provided on the clamping block to prevent the steel ball from falling.

[0010] Preferably, the slider is an L-shaped slider, and a tool withdrawal groove is provided at the inner corner of the L-shaped slider.

[0011] Preferably, a mounting hole for fixing the signal modulation device is provided on the top of the slider; and a gasket for fixing the sensor is provided on the seat hole.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a track and jaw-face testing device, which comprises a capacitance displacement sensor and the track and jaw-face testing fixture. The capacitance displacement sensor is installed in a seat hole of the track and jaw-face testing fixture.

[0013] The invention also discloses the application of the track jaw surface testing fixture in the unevenness test of the rocket sled track jaw surface.

[0014] Preferably, the steps include:

[0015] 1) Place the slider at the starting point of the rocket sled track to be measured, and sequentially connect the sensor holder, marking block, and pressing block assembly to the slider so that the slider can fit and move on the rocket sled track; install the displacement sensor in the seat hole of the sensor holder, and keep the measuring end of the displacement sensor parallel to the jaw surface of the rocket sled track;

[0016] 2) Align the marked block with the mark of the test point on the rocket sled track for measurement, save the measurement data of the test point, move the track jaw surface test fixture, move the displacement sensor along the rocket sled track jaw surface to the next test point for measurement and save the measurement data.

[0017] Further preferably, the displacement sensor is a capacitive displacement sensor, the capacitive displacement sensor is externally connected to a preamplifier, a signal conditioner and a PC, and the displacement sensor is used in conjunction with a laser tracker.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention discloses a rail jaw surface test fixture. By respectively arranging a clamping block and a sensor support on a slider, the slider can be moved in close contact with the track, which is suitable for long-distance multi-point position measurement and is convenient for disassembly and assembly with any track sample section. By aligning the seat hole axially with the rail jaw surface, the sensor axis can be kept in a vertical detection state with the rail jaw surface when the sensor is placed in the seat hole. At the same time, the slider is kept in close contact with the track top surface and the track side surface, which can effectively measure the unevenness change of the track jaw surface relative to the track top surface. Therefore, the rail jaw surface test fixture of the present invention has the advantages of reasonable structural design, simple installation, easy operation, smooth and efficient measurement, and realizes high-precision measurement in a small space of the rail jaw surface.

[0020] Furthermore, by providing a marking block for locating the measuring point on the slider, the accuracy of the detection point can be calibrated and the measurement accuracy can be improved; in addition, the marking block and the sensor holder adopt a split design, which can adapt to sensors of different sizes and models.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting the contact surface between the slider and the sensor support to be parallel to the rail jaw surface, it can be ensured that the top surface of the sensor is parallel to the rail jaw surface.

[0022] Furthermore, a spring pressure device with a steel ball is used to put the pressing block and the side of the track into a rolling friction state, which facilitates the movement of the entire track jaw surface test fixture on the track.

[0023] Furthermore, by providing a tool relief groove at the inner corner, it is possible to ensure that the slider is in full contact with the side surface and the top surface of the rail at the same time.

[0024] Furthermore, by providing a mounting hole for fixing the conditioner on the top of the slider, it can be equipped with other measurement auxiliary devices to improve measurement accuracy.

[0025] The present invention also discloses a track jaw surface testing device based on the track jaw surface testing fixture. By using a capacitive displacement sensor in conjunction with the track jaw surface testing fixture, high-precision measurement of the unevenness of the rocket sled track jaw surface can be achieved.

[0026] The present invention also discloses the application of the aforementioned track jaw surface testing fixture in the roughness testing of a rocket sled track jaw surface. This invention provides a method for measuring the roughness of a rocket sled track jaw surface, enabling high-precision measurement within the confined space of the track jaw surface. The use of a capacitive displacement sensor offers advantages such as non-contact and friction-free operation.

[0027] Furthermore, in specific use, a capacitive displacement sensor and a preamplifier, a signal conditioner and an external signal modulation device on the PC side can be selected, and combined with a high-precision laser tracker to measure the top surface and side surface of the track at the test points of the rocket sled track, and the absolute coordinates of the side and top surfaces of the track at each test point in the sample section can be obtained. Combined with the relative offset of the jaw surface measured by the capacitive displacement sensor, the absolute offset of the jaw surface can be calculated, and high-precision measurement of the track jaw surface can be achieved to meet the track measurement requirements in the rocket sled field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the track jaw surface test fixture and the track of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slider in the present invention; wherein (a) is a main view and (b) is a top view;

[0030] Figure 3 The three end views of the slider, where A shows the connection between the slider and the sensor holder, B shows the connection between the slider and the clamping block, and C shows the mounting threaded hole of the sensor holder.

[0031] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the structure of the compression block in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 (BB) cross-sectional view;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ball baffle in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 (AA) cross-sectional view;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spring guide rod in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the scribing block in the present invention; (a) is a top view, (b) is a cross-sectional view;

[0037] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sensor support in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is the A-direction end view of the sensor support;

[0039] Figure 12 for Figure 10 (BB) cross-sectional view;

[0040] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gasket in the present invention; (a) is a top view, (b) is a cross-sectional view;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the rail head measurement dimensions in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a wiring diagram of the displacement sensor of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the measurement results of the track jaw surface unevenness of a certain 30-meter sample section in the embodiment;

[0044] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of the track jaw surface test fixture and the track of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the rail jaw-face testing fixture of the present invention.

[0046] Among them: 1-sensor support; 2-gasket; 3-slider; 4-marking block; 5-clamping block; 6-spring; 7-adjusting bolt; 8-spring guide rod; 9-steel ball; 10-ball block; 11-displacement sensor; 12-seat hole; 13-preamplifier; 14-signal conditioner and PC. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0049] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0050] See also Figure 1 and Figure 18 It can be seen that the rail jaw surface test fixture disclosed in the present invention is mainly divided into four parts: slider 3, clamping block 5, sensor support 1 and marking block 4. The slider 3 and the clamping block 5 are connected by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly in any rail sample section. Two sets of springs 6 are provided on the clamping block 5. The springs 6 tighten the slider to fit on the rail through the spring guide rod 8 and the steel ball 9. The sensor support 1 is used to install the displacement sensor 11, and the sensor is installed in the seat hole 12. The marking block 4 is used to locate the point to be tested on the rail, see Figure 17 It is known.

[0051] The slider 3 is the main part of the test fixture and is L-shaped. Its main top view and each connection end face are as shown in the figure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown. A tool-relief groove is provided at the inner corner of the slider 3 to facilitate the processing of the right-angle configuration here and ensure full contact with the side and top surfaces of the track. There are four mounting holes on the top of the slider for fixing the signal modulation device of the capacitive displacement sensor (such as Figure 15 As shown, the signal conditioning device includes a preamplifier 13, a signal conditioner and a PC 14, etc.).

[0052] The main view and cross-sectional view of the pressing block 5 are as follows Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the three through holes on the upper part are used to connect with the slider 3, and the two through holes on the lower part are used to place the spring 6, spring guide rod 8 and steel ball 9. The left thread can be installed with the adjustment bolt 7 to adjust the spring tightness. There are four countersunk holes around the spring hole for installing the ball block 10. The ball block 10 and the spring guide rod 8 are shown as follows. Figures 6 and 7 and Figure 8 The steel balls 9 are used to change sliding friction into rolling friction, which makes it easier for the pressing block 5 to move the fixture on the track.

[0053] The main view and cross-sectional view of the marking block 4 are as follows Figure 9 The marking block 4 and the sensor support 1 adopt a split design and can adapt to capacitive displacement sensors of different sizes and models.

[0054] The main view, cross-sectional view and end view of the sensor support 1 are as follows Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the capacitive displacement sensor is placed in the seat hole and fixed by gasket 2. Figure 13 shown.

[0055] The present invention also discloses a track-jaw-face testing device based on the track-jaw-face testing fixture, comprising a capacitive displacement sensor and the track-jaw-face testing fixture. The capacitive displacement sensor is mounted in a seat hole 12 of the track-jaw-face testing fixture. This testing device, through the use of the capacitive displacement sensor and the track-jaw-face testing fixture, can measure the unevenness of the track jaw surface relative to the track top surface.

[0056] The present invention also discloses the application of the track jaw surface testing fixture in the unevenness test of the jaw surface of a rocket sled track. Taking the measurement of the single-track jaw surface of a rocket sled track as an example, the use process and measurement results of the measuring fixture of the present invention are described, which includes the following steps:

[0057] 1) Move slider 3 as Figure 17 As shown in FIG, it is placed at the starting point of the track sample section, and the sensor support 1, the marking block 4, the pressing block 5 and other components are installed on the slider 3 in sequence.

[0058] A capacitive displacement sensor is used as the displacement sensor 11, and the capacitive displacement sensor is connected to the preamplifier 13, the signal conditioner and the PC 14, and the data acquisition software is started to wait for measurement.

[0059] The adjusting bolt 7 is adjusted so that the slide block 3 is in close contact with the track, and the track jaw surface test fixture can be easily moved on the track.

[0060] 2) Align the marking block 4 with the measuring point mark, save the measurement data, move the rail jaw surface test fixture and align it with the next measuring point, save the measurement data and repeat this step until the end of the sample section.

[0061] Specifically, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, if the absolute coordinates of a mandibular measurement point are required, it is necessary to use other equipment such as a laser tracker to calculate and derive the measurement results of the top and side surfaces at the measurement point. Specifically, a capacitive displacement sensor is externally connected to a preamplifier 13, a signal conditioner, and a PC 14, and is used in conjunction with a laser tracker. The laser tracker is fixedly placed at one end of the test sample segment and provides the absolute coordinates of the side and top surfaces of the track at each measurement point within the segment. Combined with the relative mandibular displacement measured by the capacitive displacement sensor, the absolute mandibular displacement can be calculated.

[0062] Specifically, if Figure 14 , for the coordinate relationship of a certain cross section corresponding to a point to be measured, X and Z are the lateral coordinates and height coordinates at different positions of the left, right, upper and lower rails, respectively, l is the width of the rail head, θ is the inclination angle of the rail top surface, h1 and h2 are the flatness data of the left and right jaw surfaces measured by the rail jaw surface test fixture of the present invention, w is the distance from the top along the side of the rail head to the sensor plane. The figure shows the relationship between the various measured dimensions of the rail head. The coordinates X1, Z1 of the upper left part and the coordinates X2, Z2 of the upper right part are measured by the laser tracker. The coordinates of the remaining parts, such as the coordinates X3, Z3 of the lower left part and the coordinates X4, Z4 of the lower right part, can be derived by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] X3=X1+wsinθ+h1sin(15°-θ);

[0065] Z3=Z1-wcosθ+h1cos(15°-θ);

[0066] X4=X2+wsinθ-h2sin(15°+θ);

[0067] Z4=Z2-wcosθ+h2cos(15°+θ).

[0068] This embodiment takes a 30-meter sample section of a rocket sled track as an example, and arranges measurement points every 0.3 meters. A total of 202 points are measured for the jaw surface unevenness. Figure 16 Three of the peaks are at the rail joints, indicating that the rail thickness is small, that is, there is a depression at the bottom of the rail due to the joint construction, which will have an adverse effect on the movement of the rocket sled.

[0069] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of a track jaw surface testing fixture in the unevenness test of the rocket sled track jaw surface, characterized in that: The rail jaw surface test fixture comprises a slider (3), wherein one end of the slider (3) that is in contact with the top surface of the rail is provided with a pressing block (5), and when the slider (3) moves along the rail, the pressing block (5) is used to maintain the contact state between the slider (3) and the side surface of the rail; and one end of the slider (3) that is in contact with the side surface of the rail is provided with a sensor support (1), and the sensor support (1) is provided with a seat hole (12) for placing a sensor, and the seat hole (12) is axially perpendicular to the rail jaw surface. A spring pressure device is provided in the pressing block (5), and the spring pressure device contacts the side surface of the track; the spring pressure device comprises an adjusting bolt (7), a spring (6), a spring guide rod (8) and a steel ball (9) contacting the side surface of the track, which are connected in sequence; and a ball stopper (10) for preventing the steel ball (9) from falling is provided on the pressing block (5); The slider (3) is an L-shaped slider, and a tool-retracting groove is provided at the inner corner of the L-shaped slider; A marking block (4) for locating a point to be measured is provided on the slider (3), and the marking block (4) is in contact with the top surface of the track; The application comprises the following steps: 1) Place the slider (3) at the starting point of the rocket sled track to be measured, and sequentially connect the sensor support (1), the marking block (4) and the pressing block (5) components to the slider (3), so that the slider (3) can fit and move on the rocket sled track; the displacement sensor (11) is installed in the seat hole (12) of the sensor support (1), and the measuring end of the displacement sensor (11) is kept parallel to the jaw surface of the rocket sled track; 2) Aligning the marking block (4) with the mark of the test point on the rocket sled track to measure, saving the measurement data of the test point, moving the track jaw surface test fixture, and moving the displacement sensor (11) along the rocket sled track jaw surface to the next test point to measure and save the measurement data.

2. The application of the track jaw surface testing fixture according to claim 1 in the unevenness test of the rocket sled track jaw surface is characterized in that: The displacement sensor (11) is a capacitive displacement sensor, which is externally connected to a preamplifier (13), a signal conditioner and a PC (14). The displacement sensor (11) is used in conjunction with a laser tracker. The laser tracker is fixed at one end of the test sample section, providing the absolute coordinates of the side and top surfaces of the track at each measuring point within the sample section. Combined with the relative offset of the jaw surface measured by the capacitive displacement sensor, the absolute offset of the jaw surface can be calculated: For the coordinate relationship of a certain cross section corresponding to a point to be measured, X and Z are the lateral coordinates and the height coordinates at different positions of the left, right, upper and lower rails, respectively. l is the width of the rail head, θ is the inclination angle of the rail top surface, h1 and h2 are the unevenness data of the left and right jaw surfaces measured by the rail jaw surface test fixture, and w is the distance from the top along the side of the rail head to the sensor plane. The coordinates X1 and Z1 of the upper left part, X2 and Z2 of the upper right part are measured by the laser tracker. The coordinates of the remaining parts are X3 and Z3 of the lower left part, and X4 and Z4 of the lower right part; they are derived by the following formula: θ=arcsin[(Z1-Z2) / l]; X3=X1+wsinθ+h1sin(15°-θ); Z3=Z1-wcosθ+h1cos(15°-θ); X4=X2+wsinθ-h2sin(15°+θ); Z4=Z2-wcosθ+h2cos(15°+θ).

3. The application of the track jaw surface testing fixture according to claim 1 in the unevenness test of the rocket sled track jaw surface is characterized in that: The contact surface between the slider (3) and the sensor support (1) is parallel to the rail jaw surface.

4. The application of the track jaw surface testing fixture according to claim 1 in the unevenness test of the rocket sled track jaw surface is characterized in that: A mounting hole for fixing a signal modulation device is provided on the top of the slider (3); and a gasket (2) for fixing a sensor is provided on the seat hole (12).

5. A rail jaw surface testing device, characterized in that: include: A capacitive displacement sensor and a track jaw surface test fixture, wherein the track jaw surface test fixture comprises a slider (3), wherein one end of the slider (3) that is in contact with the track top surface is provided with a pressing block (5), and when the slider (3) moves along the track, the pressing block (5) is used to maintain the contact state between the slider (3) and the track side surface; and a sensor support (1) is provided at one end of the slider (3) that is in contact with the track side surface, and a seat hole (12) for placing a sensor is provided on the sensor support (1), and the seat hole (12) is axially perpendicular to the track jaw surface. A spring pressure device is provided in the pressing block (5), and the spring pressure device contacts the side surface of the track; the spring pressure device comprises an adjusting bolt (7), a spring (6), a spring guide rod (8) and a steel ball (9) contacting the side surface of the track, which are connected in sequence; and a ball stopper (10) for preventing the steel ball (9) from falling is provided on the pressing block (5); The slider (3) is an L-shaped slider, and a tool-retracting groove is provided at the inner corner of the L-shaped slider; A marking block (4) for locating a point to be measured is provided on the slider (3), and the marking block (4) is in contact with the top surface of the track; The capacitive displacement sensor is installed in a seat hole (12) of a rail jaw surface test fixture.

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