A topological optimization method for photovoltaic panel connector and photovoltaic panel connector

Abstract

The present invention discloses a topology optimization method for a photovoltaic panel connector and a photovoltaic panel connector, and the specific steps are as follows: step S1: selecting a traditional connector design and a connector material according to the required photovoltaic panel; step S2: measuring the size of the traditional connector; step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the traditional connector; step S4: topologically optimizing the design domain and obtaining a topological optimization result; wherein the goal of the topological optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of the connector, and the constraint condition is that the volume fraction is less than a limit value; step S5: post-processing the topological optimization result and obtaining a reasonable optimized design; wherein the post-processing includes deleting holes that cannot be processed and deleting branches that cannot be processed; step S6: performing finite element analysis on the reasonable optimized design to determine whether stress and displacement constraints are met, and if so, outputting the reasonable optimized design; otherwise, going to step S4, relaxing the constraints, and re-performing topological optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel installation, and in particular relates to a topology optimization method of a photovoltaic panel connector and a photovoltaic panel connector. Background Art

[0002] In the core areas of cities, high-rise buildings consume a lot of electricity during use. In response to the national policy of protecting the environment and using clean energy, high-rise buildings can use photovoltaic panels to supplement the electricity they consume. Since the photovoltaic panel technology was first used in Hong Kong, China in the 1990s, photovoltaic panels have been continuously and rapidly developed all over the world. Photovoltaic panels are a clean, pollution-free, and sustainable energy supply device that converts solar energy into electrical energy for use in the high-rise buildings where they are located. Photovoltaic panels can be arranged on the top or facade of high-rise buildings. In comparison, the facade area of ​​high-rise buildings is larger and more idle, making them more suitable for hanging photovoltaic panels.

[0003] The photovoltaic suspension method is similar to that of glass curtain walls. At present, there is no mature photovoltaic panel connector design specification in China. The photovoltaic panel connector design currently refers to the "Glass Curtain Wall Engineering Technical Specification JGJ102-20". The installation methods of glass curtain walls include point support and frame support. The point support connection method is more flexible and can be applied to a wider range of application scenarios. At the same time, because the connector can be invisible, the facade is more beautiful. Considering the applicability and the beauty of the facade, the point support form of arranging connectors on the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel is usually used for installation.

[0004] Since photovoltaic panels have a large area and high-rise buildings are tall, the wind load on photovoltaic panels is large. The wind load on photovoltaic panels is transmitted to the main structure through the connectors at the four vertices. The connectors are stress concentration areas, so the stress performance requirements for the connectors are very high. The design of photovoltaic panel connectors is an important part of ensuring the safety of photovoltaic panels.

[0005] The most widely used design of photovoltaic panel connectors in the market. The connectors are divided into two parts, the connectors and the fixings. The fixings are connected to the main structure by bolts and are completely fixed to the main structure. The connectors are connected and fixed to the photovoltaic panel frame by screws. During installation, just hang the four connectors on the photovoltaic panel frame on the fixings at the corresponding positions to ensure a firm connection. Figure 2 The typical dimensions of the cross-section of existing photovoltaic panel connectors.

[0006] The traditional design of photovoltaic panel connectors is very convenient in installation, and this feature is particularly important for the application of photovoltaic panels in high-rise buildings. The present invention will also retain this feature. However, the most important indicators of photovoltaic panel connectors are weight and mechanical properties (displacement, stress, etc.). Since the photovoltaic panel itself is relatively light, the connector must bear its own weight while bearing the weight and wind load of the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, the lighter the connector, the lower the requirements for its mechanical properties, thereby ensuring the safe installation of the photovoltaic panel. In addition, since the buildings using photovoltaic panels are generally high, the photovoltaic panels themselves need to bear a large wind load. The photovoltaic panel is only connected to the main structure through four connectors, and all the wind loads it bears must be transmitted to the main structure of the building through the connector. Therefore, in order to ensure that the photovoltaic panel does not fall off, the connector must be in a linear elastic deformation stage during use, and situations such as yielding that cause large displacements cannot occur, thereby placing higher requirements on the mechanical properties of the connector.

[0007] There is a balance between good mechanical properties and light weight (less material). Generally speaking, in traditional connector design, better mechanical properties generally correspond to the use of more material (deadweight, thicker), while lighter and thinner connectors correspond to lower yield limit values. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a topology optimization method for a photovoltaic panel connector and a photovoltaic panel connector, so as to solve the problem that the existing photovoltaic panel connector has a large weight and requires a lot of materials.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0010] A topology optimization method for a photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention comprises the following specific steps:

[0011] Step S1: Selecting a traditional photovoltaic panel connector design and a photovoltaic panel connector material according to the required photovoltaic panel;

[0012] Step S2: measuring the size of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0013] Step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the conventional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0014] Step S4: topologically optimize the design domain and obtain a topological optimization result; wherein the goal of the topological optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of the connector, and the constraint condition is that the volume fraction is less than a limit value;

[0015] Step S5: post-processing the topology optimization results and obtaining a reasonable optimized design; wherein the post-processing includes deleting structures that cannot be processed;

[0016] Step S6: Perform finite element analysis on the reasonable optimized design to determine whether stress and displacement constraints are met. If so, output the reasonable optimized design; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraints, and perform topology optimization again.

[0017] In the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, in the step S3, the design domain includes the design domain of the connector and the design domain of the fixing member coupled to the connector.

[0018] The topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention comprises the following steps in step S4:

[0019] Step S401: the design domain of the fixing part is divided into n1 finite elements, the design domain of the connecting part is divided into n2 finite elements, and the total number of finite elements is n1+n2;

[0020] Step S402: Apply a solid isotropic material penalty model, in which the material density of each finite element is between 0 and 1, 0 represents that the element is completely deleted, and 1 represents that the element is completely retained; the Young's modulus calculation formula of each finite element is where ρ j is the Young's modulus of the jth finite element, E 0,j and E(ρ j ) represent the actual Young's modulus and penalty modulus of the jth finite element, respectively; p is the penalty factor, p = 3.0;

[0021] Step S403: Perform topology optimization. The topology optimization equation is:

[0022] Design Domain:

[0023] Design goals:

[0024] Constraints:

[0025] The volume fraction is defined as

[0026] In the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, in the finite element analysis of step S5, the maximum load borne by the connector is the dead weight of the photovoltaic panel and the wind load;

[0027] Assuming that the loads borne by the four connectors are evenly distributed, the weight of the photovoltaic panel carried by each connector is G = mg / 4;

[0028] The wind load is designed according to the Code for Loads on Building Structures GB 50009-2012. The standard value of wind load is ω k =β gzμ sl μ z ω0; the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is a, and the design wind load is Q W =ω k ×a;

[0029] Gravity load G and wind load Q W The combination coefficient Γ G and Γ Q 1.2 and 1.4 respectively;

[0030] Among them, β gz is the wind vibration coefficient, μ z is the wind pressure height variation coefficient, μ sl is the wind load shape coefficient, and ω0 is the basic wind pressure in the area.

[0031] A photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention is designed using any of the above-mentioned topology optimization methods for photovoltaic panel connectors, and includes a plurality of hollow units;

[0032] The outer wall surfaces of a plurality of the hollow units are arc-shapedly spliced ​​to form a connecting part, a middle part and a fixing part respectively;

[0033] The connecting part and the fixing part are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the outer wall of the middle part, the connecting part is used to be hung on the connecting end of the main structure, and the fixing part is used to be connected to the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel; wherein, the surface of the middle part facing the main structure is inclined in the vertical direction, and the upper end is connected to the connecting end of the main structure.

[0034] In the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, the cross section of the hollow part of the hollow unit is a triangle or a quadrilateral.

[0035] The photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention further comprises a filling portion, and the filling portion is filled in the hollow unit of the fixing portion.

[0036] In the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, the filling portion is also filled in at least one of the hollow cells of the connector portion or in at least one of the hollow cells of the middle portion.

[0037] In the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, a plurality of the hollow units of the connector cooperate to form a groove, and the groove matches the shape of the connecting end of the main structure, so as to fit the connecting end of the main structure during installation.

[0038] In the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, the material in the hollow unit is stainless steel, and the connector portion, the middle portion and the fixing portion are an integrally formed structure.

[0039] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention improves the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic panel connector by redesigning the topology optimization of the photovoltaic panel connector without increasing the material by optimizing the material arrangement. After obtaining the topology optimization result, further post-processing is performed to solve the structure that cannot be processed in practical applications, so that the structure of the photovoltaic panel connector obtained is operational. At the same time, compared with traditional photovoltaic panel connectors, the self-weight is reduced and the mechanical properties are improved, thereby solving the problem of heavy self-weight and large amount of material required for existing photovoltaic panel connectors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a topology optimization method for a photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 The following is a dimensional drawing of existing photovoltaic panel connectors;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the design domain of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the topology optimization result of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the topological optimization design of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6a It is a schematic diagram of the windward finite element unit division of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0047] Figure 6b It is a schematic diagram of the leeward finite element unit division of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0048] Figure 7a This is the windward displacement distribution diagram of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0049] Figure 7b This is the windward stress distribution diagram of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0050] Figure 7c This is the leeward displacement distribution diagram of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0051] Figure 7d This is the leeward stress distribution diagram of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector;

[0052] Figure 8a is a windward displacement distribution diagram of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8b The windward stress distribution diagram of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8c is a leeward displacement distribution diagram of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8d This is a leeward stress distribution diagram of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals: 1: conventional photovoltaic panel connector; 2: photovoltaic panel; 3: connector design domain; 4: fixing part design domain; 5: connector non-design domain; 6: hollow unit; 7: connector part; 8: middle part; 9: fixing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following is a further detailed description of a topology optimization method for a photovoltaic panel connector and a photovoltaic panel connector proposed by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and claims.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment, a method for topological optimization of a photovoltaic panel connector comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step S1: selecting a design of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector 1 and selecting a material for the photovoltaic panel connector according to the required photovoltaic panel 2;

[0061] Step S2: measuring the size of the conventional photovoltaic panel connector 1;

[0062] Step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the conventional photovoltaic panel connector 1;

[0063] Step S4: topologically optimize the design domain and obtain the topological optimization result; wherein the goal of the topological optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of the connector, and the constraint condition is that the volume fraction is less than a limit value;

[0064] Step S5: Post-process the topology optimization results and obtain a reasonable optimized design; wherein the post-processing includes deleting holes that cannot be processed and deleting branches that cannot be processed;

[0065] Step S6: Perform finite element analysis on the reasonable optimization design to determine whether the stress and displacement constraints are met. If so, output the reasonable optimization design; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraints, and re-perform topology optimization.

[0066] This embodiment redesigns the photovoltaic panel connector by topological optimization. Without increasing the material, the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic panel connector are improved by optimizing the material arrangement. After obtaining the topological optimization result, further post-processing is performed to solve the structure that cannot be processed in practical applications, so that the structure of the photovoltaic panel connector obtained is operable. At the same time, compared with the traditional photovoltaic panel connector 1, the self-weight is reduced and the mechanical properties are improved, which solves the problem that the existing photovoltaic panel connector has a large self-weight and requires a lot of materials.

[0067] The specific steps of the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector of this embodiment are further detailed below:

[0068] First, taking the most commonly used photovoltaic panel connectors on the market as a reference, stainless steel was selected as the connector material according to the "Glass Curtain Wall Engineering Technical Specifications JGJ102-20". The properties of the stainless steel material for photovoltaic panel connectors are: Young's modulus E = 206GPa, Poisson's ratio υ = 0.3.

[0069] In the above step S3, the design domain includes a connector design domain 3 and a fixture design domain 4 coupled to the connector. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the connector design domain 3 fills the extension line of the traditional design and completely contains it. The connector is divided into the connector design domain 3 and the connector non-design domain 5. The connector design domain 3 is the part above the fixing bolt, and the connector non-design domain 5 is the part below the fixing bolt. This is because the part below the fixing bolt only plays a role in assisting the bolt fixing and has no requirements for the force performance, while the part above is the main load transfer path.

[0070] In the above step S4, the following steps may be specifically included:

[0071] Step S401: the design domain of the fixing part is divided into n1 finite elements, the design domain of the connecting part is divided into n2 finite elements, and the total number of finite elements is n1+n2;

[0072] Step S402: Apply a solid isotropic material penalty model, in which the material density of each finite element is between 0 and 1, 0 represents that the element is completely deleted, and 1 represents that the element is completely retained; the Young's modulus calculation formula of each finite element is where ρ j is the Young's modulus of the jth finite element, E 0,j and E(ρ j ) represent the actual Young's modulus and penalty modulus of the jth finite element, respectively; p is the penalty factor, p = 3.0;

[0073] Step S403: Perform topology optimization. The topology optimization equation is:

[0074] Design Domain:

[0075] Design goals:

[0076] Constraints:

[0077] The volume fraction is defined as

[0078] In the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention, in the finite element analysis of step S5, the maximum load borne by the connector is the dead weight of the photovoltaic panel and the wind load;

[0079] Assuming that the loads borne by the four connectors are evenly distributed, the deadweight of the photovoltaic panel 2 carried by each connector is G = mg / 4;

[0080] The wind load is designed according to the Code for Loads on Building Structures GB 50009-2012. The standard value of wind load is ω k =β gz μ sl μ z ω0; the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is a, and the design wind load is Q W =ω k ×a;

[0081] Gravity load G and wind load Q W The combination coefficient Γ G and Γ Q 1.2 and 1.4 respectively;

[0082] Among them, β gz is the wind vibration coefficient, μ z is the wind pressure height variation coefficient, μ sl is the wind load shape coefficient, and ω0 is the basic wind pressure in the area.

[0083] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the following is a topology optimization with a specific example for detailed explanation:

[0084] In this example, Altair's Optistruct software is used to perform topological optimization on the cross-section design of the connector. Although the connector and the fixing are two separate components, they need to be coupled with each other, so they are optimized simultaneously during the optimization. When calculating the force transmission path between the connector and the fixing, the Gap unit is used to perform contact analysis between the finite element units of the two.

[0085] The direction of wind load borne by photovoltaic panels is not fixed, and can be mainly divided into two types: windward side and leeward side. Since the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel side is very small, the side wind can be ignored in the design. In topology optimization, this embodiment comprehensively considers the two types of loads, windward and leeward, and solves this multi-optimization objective problem using the Pareto optimal method.

[0086] Topology optimization improves the efficiency of material utilization, thereby reducing the amount of material used. In topology optimization, the connector will be divided into finite elements. In topology optimization, the fixture design domain 4 is divided into 648 finite elements, and the connector design domain 3 is divided into 2519 finite elements. The total number of finite elements is 3167.

[0087] Finite elements with greater stress, that is, elements on the force transmission path, will be retained, otherwise they will be deleted. The solid isotropic material penalty model (SIMP: Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization) is applied in the optimization process. In this model, the material density of each finite element is between 0 and 1. 0 means that this element is completely deleted, and 1 means that this element is completely retained. Elements with intermediate material density represent a phantom material, and whether to retain it is manually determined. The Young's modulus calculation formula for each element is: where ρ j is the unit Young's modulus of the jth unit, E 0,j and E(ρ j ) represent the actual Young's modulus and penalty modulus of the jth unit respectively; p is the penalty factor, p = 3.0. The topology optimization equation is

[0088] Design domain: ρ={ρ1 … ρ 3167} T ∈R 3167

[0089] Design goals:

[0090] Constraints:

[0091] The design parameter of topology optimization is the density of each unit, ρ. The design goal is to optimize the Pareto mechanical properties of the connector under all loads. There are two constraints: one is that each design parameter should be between 0.01 and 1, and the other is that the volume fraction meets the constraint. The volume fraction is defined as

[0092] Figure 5 This is the result of topology optimization. At this time, the volume fraction is 0.53, which meets the constraints. The units with a unit density above 0.7 are retained.

[0093] The subsequent step S5 is to post-process the theoretical optimal design obtained in step S4. The theoretical optimal design contains holes of irregular shape or too small size, as well as too thin material distribution. In order to meet the factory manufacturing requirements, the theoretical design needs to be rationally designed after post-processing to remove the above defects.

[0094] The finite element analysis in step S6 is also explained using this example: In the finite element analysis, the site conditions selected are the core urban area of ​​Shanghai (Class C site) and the installation height is 100m. For the photovoltaic panel 2 placed on the facade of the building, the maximum load that its connector needs to bear is the self-weight of the photovoltaic panel 2 and the wind load. It is assumed that the loads borne by the four connectors are evenly distributed, that is, each connector bears 1 / 4 of the total load.

[0095] The weight of the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the actual situation. The weight of the connector is too small compared to the photovoltaic panel and is negligible. The weight of the TSM-PC05A amorphous silicon solar photovoltaic panel is 30kg. Therefore, the weight of the photovoltaic panel that each connector needs to bear is G = mg / 4 = 73.5N.

[0096] Wind loads are designed according to the Code for Loads on Building Structures GB 50009-2012. For buildings 100m away from Class C sites, the wind vibration coefficient β gz =1.6; wind pressure height variation coefficient μ z =1.7. For standard facades, the wind load shape coefficient μ sl =1.5. The basic wind pressure in Shanghai is ω0 = 0.40 kN / m 2 Therefore, the standard value of wind load ω k =β gz μ sl μ z ω0=1.632kN / m 2 The size of photovoltaic panel 2 is 1m×1.65m. Therefore, the design wind load is Q W =1.632kN / m 2 ×1m×1.65m / 4=673.2N.

[0097] Wind load is the control load, gravity load G and wind load Q W The combination coefficient Γ G and Γ Q are 1.2 and 1.4 respectively. Therefore, the design gravity load of each connector is 88.2N and the design wind load is ±942.48N. The sign of the wind load is used to distinguish the windward load from the leeward load. The load is assumed to be uniformly distributed on the cross section of the connector.

[0098] In the finite element analysis of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector 1, Figure 6a and Figure 6b The boundary conditions and finite element division of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector 1 under wind load are designed, including the windward direction and the leeward direction. The photovoltaic panel is fixed to the connector in the connector by bolts. The photovoltaic panel frame below the bolt is not a design domain in the topology optimization and does not belong to the force transmission path, so it is omitted in the finite element calculation. In the finite element calculation, the connector is divided into 3214 units, of which the connector is divided into 1741 units and the fixing is divided into 1473 units. Among the 3214 finite units, 115 are triangular units and 3099 are quadrilateral units. The maximum unit size is 0.3mm.

[0099] The finite element analysis results of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector 1 are as follows: Figures 7a to 7d As shown, Figure 7a and Figure 7c The dotted circle in the middle is the area where the displacement is 0. Figure 7b and Figure 7d The dotted circle in the middle is the stress 0 area. The maximum displacement is generated by the windward wind load, which is generated at the connection between the connector and the bolt, and the maximum displacement is 0.124mm. The maximum stress is generated by the windward wind load, which is generated at the connection between the connector and the fixing, and the maximum stress is 193.23MPa.

[0100] The finite element analysis results of the optimized connector are as follows: Figures 8a to 8d As shown, Figure 8a and Figure 8c The dotted circle in the middle is the area where the displacement is 0. Figure 8b and Figure 8d The dotted circle in the middle is the stress 0 area. The maximum displacement is also generated by the windward wind load, which occurs at the connection between the connector and the bolt, but the maximum displacement is reduced to 0.079mm. The maximum stress is generated by the windward wind load, which also occurs at the connection between the connector and the fixing, but the maximum stress is reduced to 161.76MPa.

[0101] Compared with the traditional photovoltaic panel connector 1, the material usage of the connector part 7 in the optimized connector is saved by 36.8%, the material usage of the fixing part is saved by 16.5%, and the material usage of the overall connector is saved by 31.5%. At the same time, compared with the traditional photovoltaic panel connector 1, the maximum displacement of the optimized connector is reduced by 36.3% and the maximum stress is reduced by 16.3% under the same load. In summary, compared with the traditional design, the photovoltaic panel connector of this embodiment not only saves materials, but also improves the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic panel connector.

[0102] Embodiment 2

[0103] See also Figure 5A photovoltaic panel connector is designed using the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector in the first embodiment, and specifically includes a plurality of hollow units 6.

[0104] The outer wall surfaces of several hollow units 6 are arc-shaped and spliced ​​to form a connector 7, an intermediate portion 8 and a fixing portion 9. The connector 7 and the fixing portion 9 are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the outer wall surface of the intermediate portion 8. The connector 7 is used to be hung on the connecting end of the main structure, and the fixing portion 9 is used to be connected to the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel. The surface of the intermediate portion 8 facing the main structure is inclined in the vertical direction, and the upper end is connected to the connecting end of the main structure.

[0105] The setting of the inclined surface of the middle part 8 can bear the gravity load and windward load generated by the photovoltaic panel, so that the maximum stress is generated at the connection position between the middle part 8 and the connecting end of the main structure, so that under the premise of using the hollow unit 6, the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic panel connector meet the requirements.

[0106] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the hollow part of the hollow unit 6 is a triangle or a quadrilateral. The triangle or irregular quadrilateral hollow unit 6 has good mechanical properties. At the same time, the hollow setting can ensure that the mechanical properties meet the requirements while requiring less material.

[0107] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel connector may also include a plurality of filling parts, which are filled in the hollow units 6 of the fixing part 9. Since the fixing part 9 is the location connected to the photovoltaic panel, setting this part to be solid can facilitate the bolt connection between the photovoltaic panel and the fixing part 9, thereby making the connection stable.

[0108] Furthermore, the filling part is also filled in at least one hollow cell 6 of the connector part 7 or at least one hollow cell 6 of the middle part 8. The hollow part cross-sectional area of ​​some hollow cells 6 is small, or the hole wall of some hollow cells 6 is thin, which may cause the problem of practical processing difficulties. Therefore, the filling part can be set in these places to fill the hollow cells 6 or thicken the wall thickness of the hollow cells 6 to make them processable.

[0109] In this embodiment, several hollow units 6 of the connector part 7 cooperate to form a groove, which matches the shape of the connecting end of the main structure and is used to fit the connecting end of the main structure during installation. That is, several hollow units 6 cooperate to form a connector shape to achieve the purpose of mounting on the main structure.

[0110] In this embodiment, the material in the hollow unit 6 can be stainless steel, and the connector portion 7, the middle portion 8 and the fixing portion 9 are an integrally formed structure. In other embodiments, the material selection can also be various, such as other metals or materials with sufficient strength, which are not specifically limited here, and the only limitation on the material is isotropic materials.

[0111] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A topology optimization method for photovoltaic panel connectors, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Selecting a traditional photovoltaic panel connector design and a photovoltaic panel connector material according to the required photovoltaic panel; Step S2: measuring the size of the traditional photovoltaic panel connector; Step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the conventional photovoltaic panel connector; Step S4: topologically optimize the design domain and obtain a topological optimization result; wherein the goal of the topological optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of the connector, and the constraint condition is that the volume fraction is less than a limit value; Step S5: post-processing the topology optimization results and obtaining a reasonable optimized design; wherein the post-processing includes deleting structures that cannot be processed; Step S6: Perform finite element analysis on the reasonable optimization design to determine whether stress and displacement constraints are met. If so, output the reasonable optimization design; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraints, and perform topology optimization again; In the step S3, the design domain includes the design domain of the connecting member and the design domain of the fixing member coupled with the connecting member; The step S4 includes the following steps: Step S401: the design domain of the fixing part is divided into n1 finite elements, the design domain of the connecting part is divided into n2 finite elements, and the total number of finite elements is n1+n2; Step S402: Apply a solid isotropic material penalty model, in which the material density of each finite element is between 0 and 1, 0 represents that the element is completely deleted, and 1 represents that the element is completely retained; the Young's modulus calculation formula of each finite element is where ρ j is the Young's modulus of the jth finite element, E 0,j and E(ρ j ) represent the actual Young's modulus and the penalty Young's modulus of the jth finite element respectively; p is the penalty factor, p = 3.0; Step S403: Perform topology optimization. The topology optimization equation is: Design Domain: Design goals: Constraints: The volume fraction is defined as T is the symbol of the matrix transposition operation, R is the symbol of the real number set, and w i is the design target value C at the i-th finite element point i The weight coefficient, f i is the force on the i-th finite element point, u i is the i-th finite element point because f i The displacement produced.

2. The topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the finite element analysis of step S6, the maximum load borne by the connector is the deadweight of the photovoltaic panel and the wind load; Assuming that the load borne by each connector is evenly distributed, the gravity load of the photovoltaic panel carried by each connector is G = mg / 4; The wind load is designed according to the Code for Loads on Building Structures GB 50009-2012. The standard value of wind load is ω k =β gz μ sl μ z ω0; the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is a, and the wind load is Q W =ω k ×a; Gravity load G and wind load Q W The combination coefficient Γ G and Γ Q 1.2 and 1.4 respectively; Among them, β gz is the wind vibration coefficient, μ z is the wind pressure height variation coefficient, μ sl is the wind load shape coefficient, ω0 is the basic wind pressure in the area, and m is the mass of the photovoltaic panel.

3. A photovoltaic panel connector, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel connector is designed using the topology optimization method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising a plurality of hollow units; The outer wall surfaces of a plurality of the hollow units are arc-shapedly spliced ​​to form a connecting part, a middle part and a fixing part respectively; The connecting part and the fixing part are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the outer wall of the middle part, the connecting part is used to be hung on the connecting end of the main structure, and the fixing part is used to be connected to the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel; wherein, the surface of the middle part facing the main structure is inclined in the vertical direction, and the upper end is connected to the connecting end of the main structure.

4. The photovoltaic panel connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the hollow part of the hollow unit is triangular or quadrilateral.

5. The photovoltaic panel connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a filling part, which is filled in the hollow unit of the fixing part.

6. The photovoltaic panel connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filling portion is further filled in at least one of the hollow cells of the connecting member portion or at least one of the hollow cells of the middle portion.

7. The photovoltaic panel connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of hollow units of the connector cooperate to form a groove, and the groove matches the shape of the connecting end of the main structure, so as to fit the connecting end of the main structure during installation.

8. The photovoltaic panel connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material inside the hollow unit is stainless steel, and the connecting part, the middle part and the fixing part are an integrally formed structure.

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