A battery module and a battery pack

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module and a battery pack, wherein the battery module comprises a module shell and a battery cell, wherein a first accommodating cavity is arranged in the module shell, one side of the module shell is a first end plate, and the other side is a second end plate, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the first accommodating cavity, wherein the battery cell comprises a battery cell shell, a battery cell upper cover and a winding core, wherein the battery cell upper cover and the battery cell shell together form a second accommodating cavity, wherein the winding core is arranged in the second accommodating cavity, wherein at least one of the first end plate and the second end plate is provided with a module exhaust channel, wherein the module exhaust channel is connected to the first accommodating cavity and the outside of the module shell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, and / or wherein the battery cell upper cover is provided with a battery cell exhaust channel, wherein the battery cell exhaust channel is connected to the second accommodating cavity and the first accommodating cavity, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell. The battery pack comprises the above-mentioned battery module and has good safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles are increasingly recognized by consumers due to their cleanliness, and the driving range of electric vehicles has become an important parameter affecting their use. The longer the driving range of an electric vehicle, the higher the energy density of the power battery. While high energy density brings long driving range, the safety of the battery cells in the battery module is also worse. The safety design of existing battery modules is mainly designed for the safety of the chemical system of the battery cells. However, the safer the chemical system, the lower the energy density, which means that satisfactory driving range performance cannot be achieved. Therefore, the safety design of existing battery modules cannot take into account both energy density and safety performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a battery module that can ensure the safety of the surrounding structures and equipment of the battery module when the energy density of the battery cell is high, that is, the safety inside the battery cell is low.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A battery module, comprising:

[0006] A module shell, wherein a first accommodating cavity is disposed in the module shell, one side of the module shell is a first end plate, and the other side of the module shell is a second end plate;

[0007] A battery cell, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the first accommodating cavity, the battery cell comprises a battery cell shell, a battery cell upper cover and a winding core, the battery cell upper cover and the battery cell shell together form a second accommodating cavity, and the winding core is arranged in the second accommodating cavity;

[0008] At least one of the first end plate and the second end plate is provided with a module exhaust channel, the module exhaust channel communicates with the first accommodating cavity and the outside of the module shell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell;

[0009] And / or, a cell exhaust channel is provided on the cell upper cover, the cell exhaust channel connects the second accommodating cavity and the first accommodating cavity, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the cell exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the cell shell.

[0010] Optionally, along the direction pointing outside the module housing, the width of the cross section of the module exhaust channel gradually increases;

[0011] And / or, along the direction pointing outside the module housing, the length of the cross section of the module exhaust channel gradually increases.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of the module exhaust channels are provided on the same surface of the first end plate or the second end plate, and the plurality of module exhaust channels are spaced apart to form a module channel group, and the shape of the module channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0013] Optionally, there are multiple module channel groups, and the multiple module channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly distributed.

[0014] Optionally, a first heat-resistant layer is further disposed in the first accommodating cavity, and the first heat-resistant layer is disposed above the battery core.

[0015] Optionally, the width of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the battery cell housing;

[0016] And / or, along a direction pointing out of the battery cell housing, the length of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel gradually increases.

[0017] Optionally, a plurality of the battery cell exhaust channels are provided, and the plurality of battery cell exhaust channels are spaced apart and arranged to form a battery cell channel group, and the shape of the battery cell channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0018] Optionally, there are multiple battery cell channel groups, and the multiple battery cell channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that can ensure the safety of the surrounding structures and equipment of the battery pack when the energy density of the battery cell is high, that is, the safety inside the battery cell is low.

[0020] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0021] A battery pack includes the above-mentioned battery module, the battery pack also includes a battery shell, a third accommodating cavity is arranged in the battery shell, and the battery module is arranged in the third accommodating cavity.

[0022] Optionally, a battery exhaust channel is provided on at least one side wall of the battery shell, and the battery exhaust channel connects the third accommodating cavity with the outside of the battery shell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery shell.

[0023] Optionally, along the direction pointing outside the battery housing, the width of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel gradually increases;

[0024] And / or, along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing, the length of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel gradually increases.

[0025] Optionally, a plurality of the battery exhaust channels are arranged on the wall surface of at least one side of the battery housing, and the plurality of battery exhaust channels are spaced apart to form a battery channel group, and the shape of the battery channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0026] Optionally, there are multiple battery channel groups, and the multiple battery channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly distributed.

[0027] Optionally, a second heat-resistant layer is further disposed in the third accommodating cavity, and the second heat-resistant layer is disposed above the battery module.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] The present invention provides a battery module, including a module shell and a battery cell, wherein a first accommodating cavity is arranged in the module shell, one side of the module shell is a first end plate, and the other side is a second end plate, the battery cell is arranged in the first accommodating cavity, the battery cell includes a battery cell shell, a battery cell cover and a winding core, the battery cell cover and the battery cell shell together form a second accommodating cavity, the winding core is arranged in the second accommodating cavity, at least one of the first end plate and the second end plate is provided with a module exhaust channel, the module exhaust channel connects the first accommodating cavity and the outside of the module shell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, and / or, a battery cell exhaust channel is provided on the battery cell cover, the battery cell exhaust channel connects the second accommodating cavity and the first accommodating cavity, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell. When the winding core inside the battery cell fails and spontaneously combusts, a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas will be generated, which will first form an oxygen-deficient and high-pressure state in the second containing chamber of the battery cell. When a battery cell exhaust channel is provided on the battery cell upper cover, the high-temperature combustible gas will be discharged to the outside of the containing chamber through the battery cell exhaust channel under the action of pressure. On the one hand, it can avoid explosion caused by excessive pressure in the containing chamber. On the other hand, due to the gradual increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel, the combustible gas will diffuse rapidly along the flow direction of departure under the guidance of the battery cell exhaust channel, and its concentration and temperature will drop rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from being discharged from the second containing chamber and further burning in the first containing chamber to generate a large amount of heat, thereby triggering the combustion of other components in the battery module. When a cell exhaust channel is not provided on the cell cover, but a module exhaust channel is provided on at least one of the first end plate and the second end plate of the battery module, the cell shell or the cell cover may be burned, causing high-temperature combustible gas to enter the first containing chamber of the battery module and be discharged to the outside of the battery module through the module exhaust channel. The provision of the module exhaust channel can, on the one hand, prevent the explosion caused by excessive pressure in the first containing chamber, and on the other hand, due to the gradual increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel, the combustible gas will diffuse rapidly along the flow direction when leaving the battery module under the guidance of the module exhaust channel, and its concentration and temperature will decrease rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery module and generating a large amount of heat, thereby triggering the combustion of other structures or equipment outside the battery module. When a cell exhaust channel is provided on the cell upper cover and a module exhaust channel is provided on at least one of the first end plate and the second end plate of the battery module, the concentration and temperature of the high-temperature combustible gas will experience two substantial reductions in diffusion through the cell exhaust channel in the first accommodating cavity and in diffusion through the module exhaust channel outside the battery module, thereby avoiding to the greatest extent the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery module to generate a large amount of heat, thereby causing combustion of other structures or equipment outside the battery module, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery module.The present invention also provides a battery pack, comprising the above-mentioned battery module, the battery pack further comprising a battery housing, a third accommodating cavity is provided in the battery housing, and the battery module is arranged in the third accommodating cavity. It is known that the battery pack can ensure the safety of the surrounding structure and equipment of the battery pack when the energy density of the battery cell is high, that is, the safety inside the battery cell is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module including a combustible gas cone provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first end plate provided with a circular channel group of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first end plate of a battery module provided with a circular channel group according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second end plate provided with a rectangular channel group of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second end plate of a battery module provided with a rectangular channel group according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second end plate provided with an elliptical channel group of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a second end plate of a battery module provided with an elliptical channel group according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second end plate of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present invention and provided with a plurality of circular channel groups;

[0039] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of a second end plate of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present invention and provided with a plurality of circular channel groups;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell in a form provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell in a form provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 is a cross-sectional view of an upper cover of a battery cell in a form provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of another form of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another form of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.16 is a cross-sectional view of another form of an upper cover of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure:

[0048] 1. Battery housing;

[0049] 2. Battery module; 21. First end plate; 22. Second end plate; 23. Upper cover; 24. Bottom shell; 25. Battery cell; 251. Battery cell shell; 252. Battery cell upper cover; 253. Winding core;

[0050] 100. Battery exhaust channel; 200. Module exhaust channel; 300. Cell exhaust channel; 400. Combustible gas cone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation methods. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all of them.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 16 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery module 2, including a module shell and a battery cell 25. Among them, a first accommodating cavity is provided in the module shell, one side of the module shell is a first end plate 21, and the other side is a second end plate 22, and the battery cell 25 is arranged in the first accommodating cavity. The battery cell 25 includes a battery cell shell 251, a battery cell cover 252 and a winding core 253, and the battery cell cover 252 and the battery cell shell 251 together form a second accommodating cavity, and the winding core 253 is arranged in the second accommodating cavity.

[0055] In order to ensure the safety of equipment around the battery module 2 when the energy density of the battery cell 25 of the battery module 2 is high, that is, the safety inside the battery cell 25 is low, specifically, at least one of the first end plate 21 and the second end plate 22 is provided with a module exhaust channel 200, the module exhaust channel 200 connects the first accommodating cavity and the outside of the module shell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell; and / or, a battery cell exhaust channel 300 is provided on the battery cell upper cover 252, the battery cell exhaust channel 300 connects the second accommodating cavity and the first accommodating cavity, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell 251.

[0056] When the winding core 253 inside the battery cell 25 fails and spontaneously ignites, a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas will be generated, and first an oxygen-deficient and high-pressure state will be formed in the second containing chamber of the battery cell 25. When a battery cell exhaust channel 300 is provided on the battery cell upper cover 252, the high-temperature combustible gas will be discharged to the outside of the containing chamber through the battery cell exhaust channel 300 under the action of pressure. On the one hand, it can avoid the explosion caused by excessive pressure in the containing chamber. On the other hand, due to the gradual increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel 300, the combustible gas will diffuse rapidly along the flow direction of departure under the guidance of the battery cell exhaust channel 300, and its concentration and temperature will drop rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from being discharged from the second containing chamber and further burning in the first containing chamber to generate a large amount of heat, thereby triggering the combustion of other components in the battery module 2. When the cell exhaust channel 300 is not provided on the cell cover 252, but the module exhaust channel 200 is provided on at least one of the first end plate 21 and the second end plate 22 of the battery module 2, the cell shell 251 or the cell cover 252 may be burned, causing the high-temperature combustible gas to enter the first accommodating chamber of the battery module 2 and be discharged to the outside of the battery module 2 through the module exhaust channel 200. The setting of the module exhaust channel 200 can, on the one hand, prevent the pressure in the first accommodating chamber from being too high and causing an explosion. On the other hand, due to the gradual increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel 200, the combustible gas will diffuse rapidly along the flow direction when leaving the battery module 2 under the guidance of the module exhaust channel 200, and its concentration and temperature will decrease rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery module 2 to generate a large amount of heat, thereby triggering the combustion of other structures or equipment outside the battery module 2. When a cell exhaust channel 300 is provided on the cell upper cover 252 and a module exhaust channel 200 is provided on at least one of the first end plate 21 and the second end plate 22 of the battery module 2, the concentration and temperature of the high-temperature combustible gas will experience two substantial reductions during the process of diffusing in the first accommodating cavity through the cell exhaust channel 300 and during the process of diffusing outside the battery module 2 through the module exhaust channel 200, thereby avoiding to the greatest extent the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery module 2 and generating a large amount of heat, thereby causing combustion of other structures or equipment outside the battery module 2, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery module 2.

[0057] Optionally, in this embodiment, the module housing includes a bottom shell 24, a first end plate 21, a second end plate 22 and an upper cover 23. The bottom shell 24 is U-shaped, the first end plate 21 and the second end plate 22 are respectively arranged at two openings of the U-shaped bottom shell 24, the upper cover 23 is arranged horizontally, and the bottom shell 24, the first end plate 21, the second end plate 22 and the upper cover 23 together form the module housing, and together enclose a first internal accommodating cavity.

[0058] Optionally, along the direction pointing outside the module shell, the width of the cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases, or the length of the cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases, or both the length and width of the cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increase, that is, as long as the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel 200 can be gradually increased along the direction pointing outside the module shell, it will be sufficient.

[0059] Optionally, the cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 is in the shape of a straight line, a broken line or a curve. When the cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 is in the shape of a straight line, there are a variety of settings that can gradually increase the area of ​​the cross section in the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell. For example, it can be set so that the length of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, that is, the length of the cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 on the outside of the end plate is greater than the length of the cross section on the inside of the end plate. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in a fan-shaped surface after being discharged along the module exhaust channel 200. Of course, it can also be set so that the width of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, that is, the line width of the straight cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 on the outside of the end plate is greater than the line width of the straight cross section on the inside of the end plate. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in a quadrangular pyramid shape after being discharged along the module exhaust channel 200. Of course, it can also be set so that the length and width of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increase along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, that is, the straight length and line width of the straight cross section of the module exhaust channel 200 on the outside of the end plate are respectively greater than the straight length and line width of the straight cross section on the inside of the end plate. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in the form of a quadrangular pyramid after being discharged along the module exhaust channel 200. After the combustible gas is discharged along the module exhaust channel 200, whether it diffuses in the form of a fan-shaped surface or a quadrangular pyramid, the concentration of the combustible gas will decrease rapidly, and because the combustible gas exchanges heat with the external gas, the temperature of the combustible gas will also decrease rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the module shell and generating a large amount of heat, thereby causing the combustion of equipment around the battery module 2. When the cross-section of the module exhaust channel 200 is curved, it can be set so that the curve length of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases and / or the curve width gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the module shell, that is, the curve length of the cross-section of the module exhaust channel 200 on the outside of the module shell is greater than the curve length of the cross-section on the inside of the module shell, and / or the curve width of the cross-section of the module exhaust channel 200 on the outside of the module shell is greater than the curve width of the cross-section on the inside of the module shell. It can be seen that such a setting can also rapidly reduce the temperature and concentration of the combustible gas.

[0060] Optionally, a plurality of module exhaust channels 200 may be provided, and the plurality of module exhaust channels 200 are arranged at intervals to form a module channel group, and the shape of the module channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal. Figure 1 As shown, there are two module exhaust channels 200, and two semi-circular module exhaust channels are arranged to form a circular module channel group. Of course, four 1 / 4 circular exhaust channels can also be arranged, such as Figure 2-4 As shown, four 1 / 4 arc-shaped exhaust channels are arranged to form a circular module channel group, and three, five or more curved module exhaust channels can also be arranged to form a circular module channel group as a whole. The multi-section module exhaust channel 200 forms a circular module channel group, and the curve length of each section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, that is, the circular diameter of the circular module channel group at the cross section outside the end plate is greater than the circular diameter at the cross section inside the end plate, so the combustible gas will form a combustible gas cone 400 for diffusion after passing through the module exhaust channel 200.

[0061] like Figure 5-6 As shown, a plurality of module exhaust channels 200 may also be arranged at intervals to form a rectangular module channel group, and the module exhaust channel 200 is provided with a plurality of sections, and a plurality of sections of straight or folded-line module exhaust channels are arranged to form a rectangular module channel group, and along the direction pointing outside the module shell, the fold line length of each section of the folded-line module exhaust channel gradually increases, that is, the rectangular module channel group formed by the plurality of module exhaust channels 200 has a length at the cross section outside the end plate that is greater than the length of the rectangle on the inside of the end plate, and the width of the rectangular module channel group formed by the plurality of module exhaust channels 200 has a width at the cross section outside the end plate that is greater than the width of the rectangle on the inside of the end plate, so that the combustible gas will form a prism surface after passing through the module channel group and diffuse in all directions.

[0062] like Figure 7-8 As shown, multiple module exhaust channels 200 can also be arranged at intervals to form an elliptical module channel group. The module exhaust channel 200 is provided with multiple sections, and multiple sections of arc-shaped module exhaust channels are arranged at intervals, and the intervals in one direction are larger, and the intervals in another direction perpendicular to it are smaller, so as to form an elliptical module channel group as a whole. Of course, a straight module exhaust channel can also be arranged at intervals between two adjacent arcs to form a more complete elliptical module channel group. Along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, the length of each section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases, that is, the circumference of the cross section of the elliptical module channel group at the outside of the end plate is greater than the circumference of the ellipse on the inside of the end plate, and the combustible gas will form a diffusion surface that is approximately conical after passing through the module channel group.

[0063] Optionally, there are multiple module channel groups, and the multiple module channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged. Figure 9-10As shown, multiple module exhaust channels 200 are spaced apart to form multiple circular module channel groups, and multiple circular module channel groups are evenly arranged on the module shell. For example, four circular module channel groups can be set, each circular module channel group is composed of two semicircular exhaust module channels, and along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell, the curve length of each section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases, that is, the circular diameters of the four circular module channel groups at the cross section outside the end plate are greater than the circular diameters at the cross section inside the end plate, so that the combustible gas will form four conical diffusion surfaces after passing through the module channel group.

[0064] If a plurality of module exhaust channels 200 are arranged to form a plurality of circular module channel groups at intervals, and the plurality of circular module channel groups are arranged in a concentric circle shape, and the curve length of each section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the module shell, that is, the diameter of each circular module channel group at the cross section outside the end plate is greater than the diameter at the cross section inside the end plate, then after the combustible gas passes through the plurality of module channel groups, a plurality of overlapping conical diffusion surfaces will be formed.

[0065] If multiple module exhaust channels 200 are spaced apart to form polygonal module channel groups, and the multiple polygonal module channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged on the end plate, the straight length of each section of the module exhaust channel 200 gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the module shell, that is, the perimeter of the polygon of each polygonal module channel group at the cross section outside the end plate is greater than the perimeter of the polygon at the cross section inside the end plate, then after the combustible gas passes through the multiple module channel groups, multiple evenly arranged or overlapping multi-sided table-shaped diffusion surfaces will be formed.

[0066] When the battery cell 25 catches fire, if the module shell is burned through, that is, the sealing of the module shell is destroyed, causing a large amount of oxygen to enter the module shell, the battery cell 25 will burn more violently. To prevent the above situation from happening, optionally, a first heat-resistant layer is further provided in the first accommodating cavity, and the first heat-resistant layer is provided above the battery cell 25. Optionally, the material of the first heat-resistant layer is mica or ceramic, which can ensure that the first heat-resistant layer has good heat resistance.

[0067] Generally, the battery cell 25 has two forms. One form is a rectangular battery cell 25, such as Figure 11-13 As shown, the cell cover 252 is rectangular, and a positive pole and a negative pole are arranged on the cell cover 252. The cell exhaust channel 300 can be arranged at a place where the positive pole and the negative pole are not arranged on the cell cover 252, for example, between the positive pole and the negative pole. Another form of the cell 25 is a cylindrical cell 25, such as Figure 14-16As shown, the battery cell cover 252 is circular, and a negative pole is disposed on the battery cell cover 252. The battery cell exhaust channel 300 can be disposed at a location on the battery cell cover 252 where no negative pole is disposed, such as around the negative pole, or on one side of the negative pole.

[0068] Optionally, along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell 251, the width of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases, or the length of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases, or both the length and the width of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increase, that is, as long as the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel 300 can be gradually increased along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell 251, it will be sufficient.

[0069] Optionally, the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 is in the shape of a straight line, a broken line or a curved line. When the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 is in the shape of a straight line, there are a variety of settings that can gradually increase the area of ​​the cross section in the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing 251. For example, it can be set so that the length of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing 251, that is, the length of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 on the outside of the battery cell upper cover 252 is greater than the length of the cross section on the inside of the battery cell upper cover 252. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in a fan-shaped surface after being discharged along the battery cell exhaust channel 300. Of course, it can also be set so that the width of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing 251, that is, the line width of the linear cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 on the outside of the battery cell upper cover 252 is greater than the line width of the linear cross section on the inside of the battery cell upper cover 252. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in a quadrangular pyramid shape after being discharged along the battery cell exhaust channel 300. Of course, it can also be set so that the length and width of the cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increase along the direction pointing to the outside of the cell shell 251, that is, the straight length and line width of the straight cross section of the cell exhaust channel 300 on the outside of the cell upper cover 252 are respectively greater than the straight length and line width of the straight cross section on the inside of the cell upper cover 252. It can be seen that the combustible gas will diffuse in the form of a quadrangular pyramid after being discharged along the cell exhaust channel 300. After the combustible gas is discharged along the cell exhaust channel 300, whether it diffuses in the form of a fan-shaped surface or a quadrangular pyramid, the concentration of the combustible gas will decrease rapidly, and because the combustible gas exchanges heat with the external gas, the temperature of the combustible gas will also decrease rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from further burning in the first accommodating chamber of the battery module 2 after being discharged from the cell shell 251 and generating a large amount of heat, thereby causing the battery module 2 to burn. When the cross-section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 is curved, it can be set to gradually increase the curve length and / or the curve width of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell 251, that is, the curve length of the cross-section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 on the outside of the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the curve length of the cross-section on the inside of the battery cell cover 252, and / or the curve width of the cross-section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 on the outside of the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the curve width of the cross-section on the inside of the battery cell cover 252. It can be seen that such a setting can also rapidly reduce the temperature and concentration of the combustible gas.

[0070] Optionally, a plurality of cell exhaust channels 300 may be provided, and the plurality of cell exhaust channels 300 are arranged at intervals to form a cell channel group, and the shape of the cell channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal. Figure 3-8As shown, there are two battery cell exhaust channels 300, and two semicircular battery cell exhaust channels are arranged to form a circular battery cell channel group. Of course, four 1 / 4 circular exhaust channels can also be arranged, and four 1 / 4 circular exhaust channels can be arranged to form a circular battery cell channel group. Three, five or more curved battery cell exhaust channels can also be arranged, and they can also be arranged as a whole to form a circular battery cell channel group. The multi-section battery cell exhaust channel 300 forms a circular battery cell channel group, and the curve length of each section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing 251, that is, the circular diameter of the circular battery cell channel group at the cross section outside the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the circular diameter at the cross section inside the battery cell cover 252, so the combustible gas will form a conical surface for diffusion after passing through the battery cell channel group.

[0071] Multiple battery cell exhaust channels 300 can also be arranged at intervals to form a rectangular battery cell channel group. The battery cell exhaust channels 300 are provided with multiple sections, and multiple sections of straight or zigzag battery cell exhaust channels are arranged to form a rectangular battery cell channel group, and along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell 251, the zigzag length of each section of the zigzag battery cell exhaust channel gradually increases, that is, the length of the rectangular battery cell channel group formed by the multiple battery cell exhaust channels 300 at the cross-section outside the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the length of the rectangle on the inside of the battery cell cover 252, and the width of the rectangular battery cell channel group formed by the multiple battery cell exhaust channels 300 at the cross-section outside the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the width of the rectangle on the inside of the battery cell cover 252, so that the combustible gas will form a prism after passing through the battery channel group and diffuse to all sides.

[0072] Multiple battery cell exhaust channels 300 can also be arranged at intervals to form an elliptical battery cell channel group. The battery cell exhaust channel 300 is provided with multiple sections, and multiple sections of arc-shaped battery cell exhaust channels are arranged at intervals, and the intervals are larger in one direction and smaller in another direction perpendicular thereto, so as to form an elliptical battery cell channel group as a whole. Of course, a straight battery cell exhaust channel can also be arranged at intervals between two adjacent arcs to form a more complete elliptical battery cell channel group. Along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing 251, the length of each section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases, that is, the circumference of the cross section of the elliptical battery cell channel group at the outside of the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the circumference of the ellipse on the inside of the battery cell cover 252, then the combustible gas will form a diffusion surface that is approximately conical after passing through the battery cell channel group.

[0073] Optionally, multiple battery cell channel groups are provided, and the multiple battery cell channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged. For example, multiple battery cell exhaust channels 300 are spaced to form multiple circular battery cell channel groups, and multiple circular battery cell channel groups are evenly arranged at the place where no pole is provided on the battery cell cover 252. For example, four circular battery cell channel groups can be provided, each circular battery cell channel group is composed of two semicircular arc-shaped exhaust battery cell channels, and the curve length of each section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing 251, that is, the circular diameters of the four circular battery cell channel groups at the cross section outside the battery cell cover 252 are all greater than the circular diameters at the cross section inside the battery cell cover 252, then the combustible gas will form four conical diffusion surfaces after passing through the battery cell channel group.

[0074] If a plurality of battery cell exhaust channels 300 are arranged to form a plurality of circular battery cell channel groups at intervals, and the plurality of circular battery cell channel groups are arranged in a concentric circle shape, the curve length of each section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the battery cell shell 251, that is, the diameter of each circular battery cell channel group at the cross section on the outside of the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the diameter at the cross section on the inside of the battery cell cover 252, then after the combustible gas passes through the plurality of battery cell channel groups, a plurality of overlapping conical diffusion surfaces will be formed.

[0075] If multiple battery cell exhaust channels 300 are spaced apart to form polygonal battery cell channel groups, and the multiple polygonal battery cell channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged on the end plate, the straight length of each section of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell 251, that is, the perimeter of the polygon of each polygonal battery cell channel group at the cross section on the outside of the battery cell cover 252 is greater than the perimeter of the polygon at the cross section on the inside of the battery cell cover 252, then after the combustible gas passes through the multiple battery cell channel groups, multiple evenly arranged or overlapping polygonal table-shaped diffusion surfaces will be formed.

[0076] Because the electrolyte is contained in the gap in the second accommodation cavity of the battery cell 25, in order to ensure that the electrolyte does not flow out at the battery cell exhaust channel 300, optionally, a sealing layer is also provided on the battery cell cover 252, and the sealing layer is used to block the battery cell exhaust channel 300, so that the second accommodation cavity is a sealed cavity. Optionally, the material of the sealing layer is aluminum foil. When a fault occurs inside the battery cell 25 and spontaneous combustion occurs, a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas will be generated, and an oxygen-deficient and high-pressure state will be formed inside the second accommodation cavity of the battery cell 25. The pressure in the cavity will break through the sealing layer, so that a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas inside can be quickly discharged from the battery cell exhaust channel 300 on the battery cell cover 252, so that the battery cell exhaust channel 300 can function. The sealing layer can be provided on the outer side of the battery cell cover 252 corresponding to the battery cell exhaust channel 300, or inside the battery cell exhaust channel 300, or on the inner side of the battery cell cover 252 corresponding to the battery cell exhaust channel 300. In order to prevent the residual material of the sealing layer from changing the shape of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 after the sealing layer is broken, so as to affect the shape of the airflow after it flows out, and fail to achieve the cooling and diffusion effect on the high-temperature combustible gas to the greatest extent, the sealing layer is optionally arranged on the outer wall surface of the battery cell upper cover 252. The sealing layer arranged in this way will not remain in the battery cell exhaust channel 300 after being damaged, and can ensure the cooling and diffusion effect of the battery cell exhaust channel 300 on the high-temperature combustible gas to the greatest extent.

[0077] In order to ensure that the sealing environment of the second accommodating chamber of the battery cell 25 is not easily damaged, the battery cell upper cover 252 is welded to the sealing layer. Optionally, the battery cell upper cover 252 is welded to the battery cell housing 251.

[0078] like Fig.17 As shown, this embodiment also provides a battery pack, including the above-mentioned battery module 2, and the battery pack also includes a battery housing 1, a third accommodating cavity is provided in the battery housing 1, and the battery module 2 is provided in the third accommodating cavity. The battery pack can prevent the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery module 2 to generate a large amount of heat, thereby causing other structures or equipment in the battery pack to burn, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0079] In order to further ensure the safety performance of the battery pack, optionally, at least one side wall of the battery housing 1 is provided with a battery exhaust channel 100, which connects the third accommodating chamber with the outside of the battery housing 1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1. The combustible gas entering the third accommodating chamber is discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the battery exhaust channel 100. The provision of the battery exhaust channel 100 can, on the one hand, prevent the pressure in the third accommodating chamber from increasing to the point of explosion, and on the other hand, due to the gradual increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery exhaust channel 100, the combustible gas will diffuse rapidly along the flow direction when leaving the battery pack under the guidance of the battery exhaust channel 100, and its concentration and temperature will be further reduced, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery pack to generate a large amount of heat, thereby causing the combustion of other structures or equipment outside the battery pack.

[0080] Optionally, along the direction pointing outside the battery housing 1, the width of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases, or the length of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases, or both the length and the width of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increase, that is, as long as the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery exhaust channel 100 can be gradually increased along the direction pointing outside the battery housing 1, it will suffice.

[0081] Optionally, the cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 is in the shape of a straight line, a broken line or a curve. When the cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 is in the shape of a straight line, there are a variety of settings that can make the area of ​​the cross section gradually increase along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1. For example, it can be set so that the length of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1, that is, the length of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 on the outside of the housing is greater than the length of the cross section on the inside of the housing. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in a fan-shaped surface after being discharged along the battery exhaust channel 100. Of course, it can also be set so that the width of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases in the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1, that is, the line width of the straight cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 on the outside of the housing is greater than the line width of the straight cross section on the inside of the housing. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in a quadrangular pyramid shape after being discharged along the battery exhaust channel 100. Of course, it can also be set so that the length and width of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increase along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1, that is, the straight length and line width of the straight cross section of the battery exhaust channel 100 on the outside of the housing are respectively greater than the straight length and line width of the straight cross section on the inside of the housing. It is known that the combustible gas will diffuse in the form of a quadrangular pyramid after being discharged along the battery exhaust channel 100. After the combustible gas is discharged along the battery exhaust channel 100, whether it diffuses in the form of a fan-shaped surface or a quadrangular pyramid, the concentration of the combustible gas will decrease rapidly, and because the combustible gas exchanges heat with the external gas, the temperature of the combustible gas will also decrease rapidly, thereby effectively preventing the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery housing 1 and generating a large amount of heat, thereby causing the combustion of equipment around the battery pack. When the cross-section of the battery exhaust channel 100 is curved, it can be set to gradually increase the length of the curve of the battery exhaust channel 100 and / or gradually increase the width of the curve along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery shell 1, that is, the length of the curve of the cross-section of the battery exhaust channel 100 on the outside of the battery shell 1 is greater than the length of the curve of the cross-section on the inside of the battery shell 1, and / or the width of the curve of the cross-section of the battery exhaust channel 100 on the outside of the battery shell 1 is greater than the width of the curve of the cross-section on the inside of the battery shell 1. It can be seen that such a setting can also rapidly reduce the temperature and concentration of the combustible gas.

[0082] Optionally, multiple battery exhaust channels 100 may be provided, and multiple battery exhaust channels 100 are arranged at intervals to form a battery channel group, and the shape of the battery channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal. Multiple sections of battery exhaust channels 100 form a circular battery channel group, and along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1, the curve length of each section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases, that is, the circular diameter of the circular battery channel group at the cross section outside the housing is greater than the circular diameter at the cross section inside the housing, so that the combustible gas will form a conical surface for diffusion after passing through the battery exhaust channel 100.

[0083] A plurality of battery exhaust channels 100 may also be arranged at intervals to form a rectangular battery channel group, and a plurality of sections of straight or zigzag exhaust channels may be arranged to form a rectangular battery channel group, and the zigzag length of each section of the zigzag exhaust channel gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the battery shell 1, that is, the length of the rectangular battery channel group formed by the plurality of battery exhaust channels 100 at the cross section outside the shell is greater than the length of the rectangle inside the shell, and the width of the rectangular battery channel group formed by the plurality of battery exhaust channels 100 at the cross section outside the shell is greater than the width of the rectangle inside the shell, then the combustible gas will form a prism surface after passing through the battery channel group and diffuse in all directions.

[0084] Multiple battery exhaust channels 100 can also be arranged at intervals to form an elliptical battery channel group. Multiple arc-shaped exhaust channels are arranged at intervals, and the intervals are larger in one direction and smaller in another direction perpendicular thereto, so as to form an elliptical battery channel group as a whole. Of course, a straight exhaust channel can be arranged at intervals between two adjacent arcs to form a more complete elliptical battery channel group. Along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery shell 1, the length of each battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases, that is, the perimeter of the elliptical battery channel group at the cross section outside the shell is greater than the perimeter of the ellipse inside the shell, and the combustible gas will form a diffusion surface that is approximately conical after passing through the battery channel group.

[0085] Optionally, multiple battery channel groups are provided, and the multiple battery channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged. For example, multiple battery exhaust channels 100 are spaced to form multiple circular battery channel groups, and the multiple circular battery channel groups are evenly arranged on the battery housing 1. For example, four circular battery channel groups can be provided, each circular battery channel group is composed of two semicircular exhaust battery channels, and the curve length of each section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing 1, that is, the circular diameters of the four circular battery channel groups at the cross section outside the housing are greater than the circular diameters at the cross section inside the housing, and the combustible gas will form four conical diffusion surfaces after passing through the battery channel group.

[0086] If a plurality of battery exhaust channels 100 are arranged to form a plurality of circular battery channel groups at intervals, and the plurality of circular battery channel groups are arranged in a concentric circle shape, and the curve length of each section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the battery shell 1, that is, the diameter of each circular battery channel group at the cross section outside the shell is greater than the diameter at the cross section inside the shell, then after the combustible gas passes through the plurality of battery channel groups, a plurality of overlapping conical diffusion surfaces will be formed.

[0087] If a plurality of battery exhaust channels 100 are arranged at intervals to form a polygonal battery channel group, and the plurality of polygonal battery channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged on the end plate, and the straight length of each section of the battery exhaust channel 100 gradually increases along the direction pointing outside the battery shell 1, that is, the perimeter of the polygon of each polygonal battery channel group at the cross section outside the shell is greater than the perimeter of the polygon at the cross section inside the shell, then after the combustible gas passes through the plurality of battery channel groups, a plurality of evenly arranged or overlapping multi-sided table-shaped diffusion surfaces will be formed.

[0088] When the battery module 2 catches fire, if the battery housing 1 is burned through, that is, the sealing of the battery housing 1 is destroyed, causing a large amount of oxygen to enter the battery housing 1, the battery module 2 will burn more violently. To prevent the above situation from happening, optionally, a second heat-resistant layer is further provided in the third accommodating cavity, and the second heat-resistant layer is provided above the battery module 2. Optionally, the second heat-resistant layer is made of mica or ceramic, which can ensure that the second heat-resistant layer has good heat resistance.

[0089] When a battery exhaust channel 100 is provided on at least one wall of the battery shell 1 of the battery pack, and a module exhaust channel 200 is provided on at least one of the first end plate 21 and / or the second end plate 22 of the battery module 2, and a cell exhaust channel 300 is provided on the cell upper cover 252 of the battery cell 25, a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas generated by the combustion of the winding core 253 can undergo a first significant reduction in concentration and temperature during the process of diffusion in the second accommodation cavity through the cell exhaust channel 300. When the high-temperature combustible gas enters the first accommodation cavity from the second accommodation cavity through the module exhaust channel 200 and diffuses in the first accommodation cavity of the battery module 2, its concentration and temperature will experience a second reduction. When the high-temperature combustible gas enters the third accommodation cavity from the first accommodation cavity through the battery exhaust channel 100 and diffuses in the third accommodation cavity of the battery pack, its concentration and temperature will experience a third reduction. Therefore, the battery pack can avoid to the greatest extent the combustible gas from further burning in an aerobic environment after being discharged from the battery pack and generating a large amount of heat, thereby causing combustion of other structures or equipment outside the battery pack, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0090] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: include: A module shell, wherein a first accommodating cavity is arranged in the module shell, one side of the module shell is a first end plate (21), and the other side of the module shell is a second end plate (22); A battery cell (25), the battery cell (25) being arranged in the first accommodating cavity, the battery cell (25) comprising a battery cell shell (251), a battery cell upper cover (252) and a winding core (253), the battery cell upper cover (252) and the battery cell shell (251) together forming a second accommodating cavity, and the winding core (253) being arranged in the second accommodating cavity; At least one of the first end plate (21) and the second end plate (22) is provided with a module exhaust channel (200), the module exhaust channel (200) being connected with the first accommodating cavity and the outside of the module shell, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the module exhaust channel (200) gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the module shell; The battery cell upper cover (252) is provided with a battery cell exhaust channel (300), the battery cell exhaust channel (300) is connected with the second accommodating cavity and the first accommodating cavity, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell exhaust channel (300) gradually increases along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell shell (251); A positive pole column and a negative pole column are arranged on the battery cell upper cover (252), and the battery cell exhaust channel (300) is arranged at a position on the battery cell upper cover (252) where no positive pole column and no negative pole column are arranged.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction pointing outside the module shell, the width of the cross section of the module exhaust channel (200) gradually increases; And / or, along the direction pointing outside the module shell, the length of the cross section of the module exhaust channel (200) gradually increases.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the module exhaust channels (200) are provided on the same surface of the first end plate (21) or the second end plate (22), and the plurality of module exhaust channels (200) are arranged at intervals to form a module channel group, and the shape of the module channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple module channel groups, and the multiple module channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged.

5. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first heat-resistant layer is also provided in the first accommodating cavity, and the first heat-resistant layer is provided above the battery core (25).

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Along the direction pointing to the outside of the battery cell housing (251), the width of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel (300) gradually increases; And / or, along a direction pointing outside the battery cell housing (251), the length of the cross section of the battery cell exhaust channel (300) gradually increases.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of the battery cell exhaust channels (300) are provided, and the plurality of battery cell exhaust channels (300) are arranged at intervals to form a battery cell channel group, and the shape of the battery cell channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are multiple battery cell channel groups, and the multiple battery cell channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that: Comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the battery pack further comprises a battery housing (1), a third accommodating cavity is arranged in the battery housing (1), and the battery module (2) is arranged in the third accommodating cavity.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least one side wall of the battery housing (1) is provided with a battery exhaust channel (100), the battery exhaust channel (100) connecting the third accommodating cavity and the outside of the battery housing (1), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery exhaust channel (100) gradually increases along a direction pointing to the outside of the battery housing (1).

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: Along the direction pointing outward from the battery housing (1), the width of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel (100) gradually increases; And / or, along the direction pointing outside the battery housing (1), the length of the cross section of the battery exhaust channel (100) gradually increases.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that: A plurality of battery exhaust channels (100) are arranged on the wall surface of at least one side of the battery housing (1); the plurality of battery exhaust channels (100) are arranged at intervals to form a battery channel group; the shape of the battery channel group is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, characterized in that: There are multiple battery channel groups, and the multiple battery channel groups are concentrically arranged or evenly arranged.

14. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second heat-resistant layer is also provided in the third accommodating cavity, and the second heat-resistant layer is provided above the battery module (2).

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