Lithium ion battery charging method and device

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of battery charging, and provides a lithium ion battery charging method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, charging a lithium ion battery to a cut-off charging current of the lithium ion battery by using a rated charging voltage of the lithium ion battery; and then charging the lithium ion battery to a cut-off charging voltage of the lithium ion battery by using the cut-off charging current; wherein the cut-off charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium ion battery; the charging of the lithium ion battery is completed, the step of constant voltage charging at the cut-off charging voltage is reduced, the fast charging performance of the lithium ion battery is realized, the in-place time of the lithium ion battery at high voltage is saved, the interface side reaction between the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery and the electrolyte is effectively slowed down, the aging of the battery is slowed down, and the service life of the battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular relates to lithium-ion battery charging methods and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main methods to improve the charging speed of lithium-ion batteries: the first is to increase the initial charging rate, and the second is to increase the cut-off charging voltage. Both of these methods have a significant impact on the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to fully coordinate the relationship between charging methods and battery lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a lithium-ion battery charging method and apparatus, which can improve the service life of lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a lithium-ion battery charging method, including:

[0005] The lithium-ion battery is charged at its rated charging voltage until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current.

[0006] The lithium-ion battery is charged with the cut-off charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cut-off charging voltage; wherein the cut-off charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, charging is either constant voltage charging or constant current charging.

[0008] For example, the lithium-ion battery is first charged at a constant voltage using the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery until the charging current is cut off; then the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current using the charging current cut off until the charging voltage is cut off.

[0009] It should be understood that the above-mentioned constant voltage charging or constant current charging is only one optional implementation method. One possible implementation of the first aspect includes step-by-step adjustment of charging voltage, step-by-step adjustment of charging current, constant voltage charging, and constant current charging.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a lithium-ion battery charging device, comprising:

[0011] A voltage charging module is used to charge a lithium-ion battery at its rated charging voltage until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current.

[0012] A current charging module is used to charge the lithium-ion battery with the cutoff charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging voltage; wherein the cutoff charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the lithium-ion battery charging method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the lithium-ion battery charging method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0015] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that, when run on a terminal device, causes the terminal device to execute the lithium-ion battery charging method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0016] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fifth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0017] In this embodiment, the lithium-ion battery is charged at its rated charging voltage until the charging current reaches the cutoff charging current, and then charged at the cutoff charging current until the charging voltage reaches the cutoff charging voltage. This completes the charging of the lithium-ion battery, reducing the step of constant voltage charging at the cutoff charging voltage, thereby achieving fast charging performance of the lithium-ion battery. It also saves the time that the lithium-ion battery is in high voltage, effectively slowing down the side reactions at the interface between the positive electrode and the electrolyte, reducing battery aging, and improving battery life. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile phone to which the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in one embodiment of this application is applicable;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the software architecture to which the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in one embodiment of this application is applicable;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the traditional lithium-ion battery charging method.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changes in charging voltage and charging rate during the charging process of a traditional lithium-ion battery charging method.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a lithium-ion battery charging method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current-voltage relationship during the charging process using a stepped adjustment charging voltage method;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage-current relationship during the charging process using a stepped adjustment of the charging current.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the changes in charging voltage and charging time provided in an embodiment of this application with the changes in charging voltage and charging time in the prior art.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a lithium-ion battery charging method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of a lithium-ion battery charging method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 11 This is an example image showing the comparison of measured charging data corresponding to the first example in this application;

[0030] Figure 12 This is an example image showing the comparison of measured charging data corresponding to the second example in this application;

[0031] Figure 13 This is an example diagram showing the comparison results of measured charging data corresponding to the third example in this application;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery charging device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery charging device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 16 This is another structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery charging device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a charging parameter testing module for a lithium-ion battery charging device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 18This is another structural schematic diagram of the charging parameter testing module of the lithium-ion battery charging device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0039] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0040] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0041] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0042] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0044] The lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application can be applied to terminal devices such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) devices, laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). This application does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of terminal device.

[0045] For example, the terminal device may be a station (STAION, ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a vehicle networking terminal, a computer, a laptop computer, a handheld communication device, a handheld computing device, a satellite wireless device, a wireless modem card, a set-top box (STB), customer premises equipment (CPE), and / or other devices used for communication over a wireless system, as well as next-generation communication systems, such as mobile terminals in 5G networks or mobile terminals in future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks.

[0046] As an example and not a limitation, when the terminal device is a wearable device, the term "wearable device" can also refer to any device that utilizes wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices worn directly on the body or integrated into a user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices; they achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly defined, wearable smart devices include those with comprehensive functions, large sizes, and the ability to perform complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those focused on a specific application function that require interaction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0047] Taking a mobile phone as an example, the terminal device mentioned above is used. Figure 1 The diagram shown is a block diagram of a portion of the structure of a mobile phone provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1 The mobile phone structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the mobile phone and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0048] The following is combined Figure 1 A detailed introduction to each component of a mobile phone:

[0049] The terminal payload 10 includes an RF circuit 110, a memory 120, a display unit 130, an audio system 140, and a processor 150.

[0050] RF circuit 110 can be used for receiving and transmitting signals during information transmission or calls. Specifically, it receives downlink information from the base station and processes it with processor 180; additionally, it transmits uplink data to the base station. Typically, RF circuitry includes, but is not limited to, antennas, at least one amplifier, transceiver, coupler, low-noise amplifier (LNA), duplexer, etc. Furthermore, RF circuit 110 can also communicate wirelessly with networks and other devices. The aforementioned wireless communication can use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), etc.

[0051] The memory 120 can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor 180 executes various functions and data processing of the mobile phone by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 120. The memory 120 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, applications required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). In addition, the memory 120 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0052] The display unit 130 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user, as well as various menus of the mobile phone. The display unit 130 may include a display panel, optionally configured as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), or similar display panel. Furthermore, a touch panel may cover the display panel. When the touch panel detects a touch operation on or near it, it transmits the information to the processor 150 to determine the type of touch event. Subsequently, the processor 150 provides corresponding visual output on the display panel based on the type of touch event. Although the touch panel and display panel can be implemented as two separate components to realize the input and output functions of the mobile phone, in some embodiments, the touch panel and display panel can be integrated to realize the input and output functions of the mobile phone.

[0053] The audio system 140 includes an audio circuit, a speaker, and a microphone that provides an audio interface between the user and the mobile phone. The audio circuit converts received audio data into electrical signals and transmits them to the speaker, where the speaker converts them into sound signals for output. On the other hand, the microphone converts collected sound signals into electrical signals, which are then received by the audio circuit, converted into audio data, and then processed by the processor 150 before being transmitted via the RF circuit 110 to, for example, another mobile phone, or the audio data can be output to the memory 120 for further processing.

[0054] The processor 150 is the control center of the mobile phone, connecting various parts of the phone through various interfaces and lines. It performs various functions and processes data by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 120, and by calling data stored in the memory 120, thereby providing overall monitoring of the phone. Optionally, the processor 150 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 150 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may also not be integrated into the processor 150.

[0055] The mobile phone 100 also includes a charging port 02 connected to the charger 00, and a charging / discharging port 03 connected to the charging port 02 and the terminal load 01. The mobile phone 100 also includes a battery 40 that supplies power to the various components. The charging / discharging port 03 includes a charging detection circuit 031, a charging protection circuit 032, and a power conversion circuit 033. The charger 00 outputs a charging voltage, the charging port 02 receives the charging voltage, the charging detection circuit generates a detection signal based on the charging voltage, and the charging protection circuit 032 transmits the charging voltage to the battery 40 based on the detection signal. The battery 40 outputs a battery voltage, and the power conversion circuit 33 generates a supply voltage based on the battery voltage to supply power to the terminal load 10.

[0056] The battery 40 includes a cell 41, a dual protection control switch 42, a dual protection chip 43, and a charge / discharge interface 44. The cell 41 outputs the battery voltage, the dual protection chip 43 generates a control signal, the dual protection control switch 42 connects to either the battery voltage or the charging voltage according to the control signal, and the charge / discharge interface 44 converts the battery voltage or the charging voltage.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the software structure of a mobile phone 100 according to an embodiment of this application. Taking the Android system as an example, in some embodiments, the Android system is divided into four layers: the application layer, the application framework layer (FWK), the system layer, and the hardware abstraction layer. The layers communicate with each other through software interfaces.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the application layer can be a series of application packages, which may include applications such as SMS, calendar, camera, video, navigation, gallery, and calling.

[0059] The application framework layer provides an application programming interface (API) and programming framework for applications in the application layer. The application framework layer may include predefined functions, such as functions for receiving events sent by the application framework layer.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the application framework layer may include a window manager, a resource manager, and a notification manager, etc.

[0061] The window manager is used to manage windowed applications. It can obtain the screen size, determine if a status bar is present, lock the screen, and capture screenshots. The content provider stores and retrieves data, making this data accessible to applications. This data may include videos, images, audio, made and received phone calls, browsing history and bookmarks, phone books, etc.

[0062] The file explorer provides applications with various resources, such as localized strings, icons, images, layout files, video files, and more.

[0063] The notification manager allows applications to display notifications in the status bar. These notifications can be used to deliver informational messages and can disappear automatically after a short pause, requiring no user interaction. For example, the notification manager can be used to notify users of download completion or message alerts. The notification manager can also display notifications as icons or scrolling text in the top status bar, such as notifications from background applications, or as dialog boxes on the screen. Examples include displaying text messages in the status bar, emitting sounds, vibrating electronic devices, and flashing indicator lights.

[0064] The application framework layer may also include:

[0065] A view system includes visual controls, such as controls for displaying text and controls for displaying images. The view system can be used to build applications. A display interface can consist of one or more views. For example, a display interface including a text notification icon can include views for displaying text and views for displaying images.

[0066] The phone manager is used to provide communication functions for the mobile phone 100. For example, it manages call status (including connection, hang-up, etc.).

[0067] The system layer can include multiple functional modules. For example, a sensor service module, a physical state recognition module, and a 3D graphics processing library (e.g., OpenGL ES).

[0068] The sensor service module is used to monitor sensor data uploaded by various sensors at the hardware layer to determine the physical status of mobile phone 100.

[0069] The physical state recognition module is used to analyze and recognize user gestures, faces, etc.

[0070] The 3D graphics processing library is used to implement 3D graphics drawing, image rendering, compositing, and layer processing.

[0071] The system layer may also include:

[0072] The Surface Manager is used to manage the display subsystem and provides the blending of 2D and 3D layers for multiple applications.

[0073] The media library supports playback and recording of various common audio and video formats, as well as still image files. It supports multiple audio and video encoding formats, such as MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG.

[0074] The Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) is the layer between hardware and software. The HAL can include display drivers, camera drivers, sensor drivers, etc., used to drive the relevant hardware in the hardware layer, such as displays, cameras, and sensors.

[0075] The lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application embodiment can be implemented on a mobile phone 100 having the above-described hardware / software structure.

[0076] It is important to understand the traditional lithium-ion battery charging methods, such as Figure 3 As shown, at the end of charging (the last one or more steps of charging), the lithium-ion battery is first charged at a constant current using a first cutoff current I3 (approximately 0.5C) until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches a specified cutoff charging voltage Ux. Then, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage using the specified cutoff charging voltage Ux until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches a second cutoff current I4 (between 0.02C and 0.03C). The specified cutoff charging voltage Ux is generally about 0 to 50mV higher than the rated charging voltage U0 of the lithium-ion battery. A schematic diagram of the charging voltage and charging rate changes during the charging process of a traditional lithium-ion battery charging method is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, in Figure 4 In the graph, the horizontal axis represents charging time, and the vertical axis represents charging voltage and charging rate.

[0077] Traditional lithium-ion battery charging methods, while maintaining rated capacity, increase the specified cut-off charging voltage, add constant current charging steps, and reduce the constant voltage charging time at the end of the charging process, thereby increasing charging speed. However, this method has two problems: 1) The specified cut-off charging voltage Ux at the end of the charging process is higher than the rated charging voltage U0 of the lithium-ion battery, but the corresponding charging rate I3 is not reduced to within 0.5C. Using a higher charging rate above the rated charging voltage U0 can easily lead to the precipitation of lithium dendrites on the surface of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery, accelerating capacity decay. At the same time, after the lithium dendrites grow to a certain size, they can puncture the separator, posing a short circuit risk. 2) Retaining a high-voltage (specified cut-off charging voltage Ux) constant voltage charging step at the end of the charging process is equivalent to increasing the time the lithium-ion battery is in place with high voltage, which will increase the risk of oxidation of the positive electrode material and decomposition of the electrolyte, accelerating battery aging.

[0078] Therefore, although the traditional lithium-ion battery charging method can increase the charging speed by raising the specified cutoff charging voltage to above the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery, the end of the charging process still retains a large-rate constant current charging and high-voltage constant voltage charging steps, which will trigger side reactions at the interface between the positive electrode and the electrolyte. As a result, the film resistance at the electrode-electrolyte interface will increase rapidly, accelerating battery aging and shortening battery life.

[0079] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application is shown. This is an example and not a limitation; the method can be applied to the aforementioned mobile phone 100. The lithium-ion battery charging method includes:

[0080] S101: Charge the lithium-ion battery at the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current.

[0081] The rated charging voltage of a lithium-ion battery refers to the nominal voltage of the lithium-ion battery. All batteries are marked with a voltage, such as 1.5V for dry cell batteries, 3.7V for some lithium-ion batteries, and 4.8V, 6V, or 12V for storage batteries. At the same time, the rated charging voltage of a lithium-ion battery can also refer to the normal operating voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0082] Cut-off charging current refers to the charging current of the battery at the end of charging at the charging voltage.

[0083] In one possible implementation, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant voltage using its rated charging voltage until the charging current reaches the cutoff charging current.

[0084] In another possible implementation, the lithium-ion battery can be charged in a stepped manner by adjusting the charging voltage until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current, wherein the final charging voltage in the stepped charging voltage adjustment method is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0085] The stepped charging voltage adjustment method, also known as segmented constant voltage charging, specifically refers to adjusting the charging voltage in steps to make the actual charging current curve of the battery approximate the current-voltage curve during the charging process. Figure 6 As shown.

[0086] S102: Charge the lithium-ion battery with the cut-off charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cut-off charging voltage; wherein, the cut-off charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0087] Cut-off charging voltage refers to the charging voltage of the battery at the end of charging with charging current.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current using a cutoff charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging voltage, thus completing the charging process.

[0089] In another possible implementation, the lithium-ion battery is charged using a stepped adjustment of the charging current until the battery's charging voltage reaches the cutoff charging voltage, thus completing the charging process. In this stepped charging voltage adjustment method, the initial charging current is the cutoff charging current.

[0090] The stepped charging current adjustment method, also known as segmented constant current charging, specifically refers to adjusting the charging current in steps to make the actual charging voltage curve of the battery approximate the voltage-current curve during the charging process. Figure 7 As shown.

[0091] Optionally, the range of the cut-off charging current can be (0.02C, 1.5C), and the range of the cut-off charging voltage can be (U0, U0+200mV); where U0 is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0092] Preferably, the range of the cut-off charging current can be (0.12C, 0.4C).

[0093] A comparison diagram of the changes in charging voltage and charging time provided in one embodiment of this application with the changes in charging voltage and charging time in the prior art is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis represents charging time, and the vertical axis represents charging voltage. Figure 8 The two curves in the upper half of the graph are respectively the voltage variation curve of the positive electrode of a prior art lithium-ion battery with charging time and the voltage variation curve of the positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery of this application with charging time. Figure 8 The two curves in the lower half of the graph represent the voltage variation of the negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery with charging time in the prior art and the voltage variation of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery in this application with charging time, respectively. U0 is the rated charging voltage, Uy is the cutoff charging voltage of this application, and Ux is the cutoff charging voltage specified in the prior art. 负极1 U is the negative electrode cutoff charging voltage of this application. 负极2 This is the current technology's negative electrode cutoff charging voltage. According to experimental results, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium-ion battery is greater than 0V throughout the entire charging process, meaning no dendrite precipitation occurs. This is due to the charging end cutoff voltage U... x It is higher than the rated charging voltage U0 of lithium-ion batteries, but the corresponding charging rate I3 is reduced to within 0.5C. Using a smaller charging rate above the rated charging voltage U0 avoids the precipitation of lithium dendrites on the negative electrode surface of lithium-ion batteries, which accelerates capacity decay, and avoids the risk of short circuit caused by lithium dendrites piercing the separator after growing to a certain size.

[0094] Moreover, since the end-charging cutoff current (0.02C, 1.5C) of the charging scheme in the application embodiment is much higher than the end-charging cutoff current (0.02C to 0.03C) of the prior art charging scheme, the charging time is greatly reduced when the same charging capacity is achieved.

[0095] Optional, such as Figure 9 As shown, steps S99 and S100 may be included before step S101.

[0096] S99: Obtain the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, including the current ambient temperature of the lithium-ion battery and / or the current number of charging cycles of the lithium-ion battery;

[0097] S100: Based on the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, retrieve the charging parameters corresponding to the current operating conditions from a preset database; among which, the charging parameters include the cut-off charging voltage and the cut-off charging current.

[0098] Retrieve charging parameters from a pre-stored database that match the number of charging cycles and ambient temperature. Each charging parameter in the database corresponds one-to-one with the number of charging cycles and ambient temperature.

[0099] Optional, such as Figure 10 As shown, steps S97 and S98 may be included before step S99.

[0100] S97: Tests the charging parameters of lithium-ion batteries under different operating conditions.

[0101] It should be noted that step S97 can include two cases.

[0102] In the first case, step S97 includes steps S97-1a and S97-2a.

[0103] S97-1a: Tests the experimental charging time of a lithium-ion battery under certain operating conditions for different experimental charging parameters; the experimental charging parameters include the experimental cutoff charging voltage and the experimental cutoff charging current.

[0104] S97-2a: When the experimental charging duration corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is less than the preset charging duration and the experimental cutoff charging voltage or experimental cutoff charging current corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is at its minimum, the experimental charging parameter shall be used as the charging parameter corresponding to a certain working condition.

[0105] It should be noted that by performing steps S97-1a and S97-2a under different operating conditions, the charging parameters of the lithium-ion battery under different operating conditions can be obtained.

[0106] As an example and not a limitation, when step S97-2a involves using the experimental charging parameter as the charging parameter under a certain operating condition when the experimental charging duration corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is less than the preset charging duration and the experimental cutoff charging voltage corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is the minimum, step S97-2a may include the following steps:

[0107] A1: Set the target voltage to the initial experimental cutoff charging voltage and the target current to the initial experimental cutoff charging current.

[0108] B1: Experimental charging time of lithium-ion battery at target voltage and target current.

[0109] C1: Determine whether the experimental charging time is less than the preset charging time; if the result is yes, proceed to step D1; if the result is no, proceed to step E1.

[0110] D1: Set the cutoff charging voltage to the target voltage, set the cutoff charging current to the target current, and terminate the process step.

[0111] E1: Update the target current to the sum of the target current and the step current values.

[0112] F1: Determine whether the target current is greater than the maximum target current; if the result is yes, proceed to step G1; if the result is no, proceed to step B1.

[0113] G1: Set the target current to the initial experimental cutoff charging current, update the target voltage to the sum of the target voltage and the step voltage value, and execute step H1.

[0114] H1: Determine whether the target voltage is greater than the maximum target voltage; if the result is yes, end the process step; if the result is no, proceed to step B1.

[0115] As an example and not a limitation, when step S97-2a involves using the experimental charging parameter as the charging parameter under a certain operating condition when the experimental charging duration corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is less than the preset charging duration and the experimental cutoff charging current corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is the minimum, step S97-2a may include the following steps:

[0116] A2: Set the target voltage to the initial experimental cutoff charging voltage and the target current to the initial experimental cutoff charging current.

[0117] B2: Experimental charging time of lithium-ion battery at target voltage and target current.

[0118] C2: Determine whether the experimental charging time is less than the preset charging time; if the result is yes, proceed to step D2; if the result is no, proceed to step E2.

[0119] D2: Set the cutoff charging voltage to the target voltage, set the cutoff charging current to the target current, and terminate the process step.

[0120] E2: Update the target voltage to the sum of the target voltage and the step voltage value.

[0121] F2: Determine whether the target voltage is greater than the maximum target voltage; if the result is yes, proceed to step G2; if the result is no, proceed to step B2.

[0122] G2: Set the target voltage to the initial experimental cutoff charging voltage, update the target current to the sum of the target current and the step current value, and execute step H2.

[0123] H2: Determine whether the target current is greater than the maximum target current; if the result is yes, end the process step; if the result is no, proceed to step B2.

[0124] In the second case, step S97 includes steps S97-1b and S97-2b.

[0125] S97-1b: Tests the experimental charging time of a lithium-ion battery under certain operating conditions for different experimental charging parameters; the experimental charging parameters include the experimental cutoff charging voltage and the experimental cutoff charging current.

[0126] S97-2b: When the experimental charging time corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is the minimum, the experimental charging parameter shall be used as the charging parameter corresponding to a certain working condition.

[0127] It should be noted that by performing steps S97-1b and S97-2b under different operating conditions, the charging parameters of the lithium-ion battery under multiple operating conditions can be obtained.

[0128] As an example and not a limitation, step S97-2b may include the following steps:

[0129] A3: Set the target voltage to the initial experimental cutoff charging voltage and the target current to the initial experimental cutoff charging current.

[0130] B3: Experimental charging time of lithium-ion battery at target voltage and target current.

[0131] C3: Obtain the target charging time based on the experimental charging time.

[0132] It should be noted that when step C3 is executed for the first time during the loop, step C3 specifically means: set the target charging time to the experimental charging time; when step C3 is not executed for the first time during the loop, step C3 specifically means: determine whether the experimental charging time is less than the target charging time; if it is determined that the experimental charging time is less than the target charging time, set the target charging time to the experimental charging time; if it is determined that the experimental charging time is not less than the target charging time, then execute step D3.

[0133] D3: Update the target voltage to the sum of the target voltage and the step voltage value.

[0134] E3: Determine whether the target voltage is greater than the maximum target voltage; if the result is yes, proceed to step F3; if the result is no, proceed to step B3.

[0135] F3: Set the target voltage to the initial experimental cutoff charging voltage, and update the target current to the sum of the target current and the step current value.

[0136] G3: Determine whether the target current is greater than the maximum target current; if the result is yes, proceed to step H3; if the result is no, proceed to step B3.

[0137] H3: The experimental charging parameters corresponding to the target charging time are used as the charging parameters under this working condition.

[0138] S98: The charging parameters and operating conditions obtained from the test are associated and stored in the database.

[0139] In practice, a two-dimensional array is generated to represent the relationship between the operating conditions and the charging parameters.

[0140] To better understand this application, the following specific examples illustrate the lithium battery charging method of this application:

[0141] In the first example, a 4.0Ah-4.4V lithium-ion battery is used as the sample, with a charging rate of 4.0A at 1.0C and a rated charging voltage U0 of 4.4V. (Reference) Figure 5 The method described above uses a lithium reference electrode pre-embedded inside the battery to create a three-electrode battery. Charging is performed with a cutoff charging current above the rated charging voltage U0 of the lithium-ion battery until the cutoff charging voltage is reached. According to theoretical calculations and experimental test results, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium-ion battery is greater than 0V throughout the charging process, meaning there is no dendrite precipitation. In specific implementation, based on the calibration results of the negative electrode voltage curve during the charging process, and under the premise of meeting the preset charging time requirements, the minimum cutoff charging voltage is taken as the corresponding scheme (based on the first case in step 97), and a database linking charging parameters and operating conditions as shown in Table 1 is established. The current battery ambient temperature is 25℃, and the cycle time is 150 cycles. Based on the parameters of 25℃ and 150 cycles, a charging strategy can be matched in the database shown in Table 1. According to this charging strategy, the cutoff charging current I5 is 0.26C, and the cutoff charging voltage Uy is the sum of U0 and 55mV, i.e., the cutoff charging voltage Uy is 4.455V, thus ensuring no risk of lithium deposition on the negative electrode surface throughout the entire charging process.

[0142] As shown in Table 2, the existing charging scheme includes the following three stages: 1) 1.72C constant current charging to 4.22V, 4.22V constant voltage charging to 1.29C; 2) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.4V, 4.4V constant voltage charging to 0.6C; 3) 0.6C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.45V, 4.45V constant voltage charging to 0.09C, and charging is complete.

[0143] The charging scheme in this example includes the following three stages: 1) 1.72C constant current charging to 4.22V, 4.22V constant voltage charging to 1.29C; 2) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.4V, 4.4V constant voltage charging to 0.26C; 3) 0.26C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.455V, and charging is complete.

[0144] The charging scheme in this example is provided by Figure 1 The terminal equipment shown and Figure 5 The lithium-ion battery charging method shown is supported and can be completed.

[0145]

[0146] Table 1 shows the charging parameters and operating conditions of the first example linked to the database.

[0147]

[0148] Table 2 Comparison of Existing Charging Schemes and the First Example Charging Scheme at 25℃

[0149] Table 2 and Figure 11 The actual charging data comparison results show that, at an ambient temperature of 25℃, the full charge time for the charging scheme in this example is 52.2 minutes, while the existing charging scheme takes 65 minutes. Clearly, the charging speed provided by this example is significantly improved. Furthermore, the duration of the high voltage (above 4.4V) in this example's charging scheme is only 5.3 minutes, while the existing charging scheme's high voltage duration above 4.4V is 30.8 minutes. Therefore, this example's charging scheme significantly improves charging speed while greatly reducing the duration of high voltage, effectively suppressing side reactions at the positive electrode and electrolyte interface, thereby reducing the impact on the lifespan of the lithium-ion battery.

[0150] At an ambient temperature of 25°C, a low-current constant-current charging cutoff is employed, and the cutoff charging voltage at the end of the charging process (the last one or more steps) is increased. Simultaneously, the high-voltage constant-voltage charging step is eliminated. This approach effectively reduces the impact on lithium-ion battery life while increasing the charging speed. Furthermore, the charging scheme in this example is adjusted in real-time based on the charging temperature and cycle count to maximize battery lifespan.

[0151] For example, in the second example, using a 3.0Ah-4.4V voltage system lithium-ion battery as a sample, the charging rate at 1.0C is 3.0A, and the rated charging voltage U0 is 4.4V. (Reference) Figure 5The method shown involves pre-embedding a lithium reference electrode inside the battery to create a three-electrode battery. Charging is performed with a cut-off charging current I5 above the rated charging voltage U0 of the lithium-ion battery, with a cut-off charging voltage of Uy. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental results, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium-ion battery is greater than 0V throughout the charging process, meaning no dendrite precipitation occurs. In specific implementation, based on the calibration results of the negative electrode voltage curve during charging, and under the premise of meeting the charging time requirements, the minimum cut-off charging voltage Uy is taken as the corresponding scheme (according to the first case in step S97), establishing a database linking charging parameters and operating conditions as shown in Table 3. The current battery ambient temperature is 7℃, and the cycle time is 160 cycles. Therefore, referring to... Figure 5 The execution process shown can be matched with the charging strategy in the database in Table 3 based on the parameters of 7℃ and 160 cycles. According to the charging strategy, the cutoff charging current I5 is 0.17C and the cutoff charging voltage Uy is the sum of U0 and 45mV, that is, the cutoff charging voltage Uy is 4.445V, which effectively ensures that there is no risk of lithium plating on the negative electrode surface during the entire charging process.

[0152] As shown in Table 4, the existing charging scheme includes the following three stages: 1) 1.72C constant current charging to 4.22V, 4.22V constant voltage charging to 1.29C; 2) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.4V, 4.4V constant voltage charging to 0.6C; 3) 0.6C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.45V, 4.45V constant voltage charging to 0.09C, and charging is complete.

[0153] The charging scheme in this example includes the following three stages: 1) 1.72C constant current charging to 4.22V, 4.22V constant voltage charging to 1.29C; 2) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.4V, 4.4V constant voltage charging to 0.17C; 3) 0.17C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.445V, and charging is complete.

[0154] The charging scheme in this example is provided by Figure 1 The terminal equipment shown and Figure 5 The lithium-ion battery charging method shown can be completed.

[0155]

[0156] Table 3 shows the charging parameters and operating conditions associated with the second example in the database.

[0157]

[0158] Table 4. Comparison of existing charging solutions and the charging solution of this invention at 7℃

[0159] Figure 12Comparison with the measured charging data in Table 4 shows that the full charge time for this example's charging scheme at 7℃ is 59.6 minutes, while the existing technology charging scheme takes 65 minutes. Clearly, the charging speed provided in this example is significantly improved. Furthermore, the duration of the high voltage exceeding the rated charging voltage of 4.4V in this example's charging scheme is 13 minutes, while the duration of the high voltage exceeding 4.4V in the existing technology charging scheme is 30.8 minutes. Therefore, this example's charging scheme significantly improves charging speed while greatly reducing the duration of high voltage, effectively suppressing side reactions at the positive electrode and electrolyte interface, thereby reducing the impact on the lifespan of the lithium-ion battery.

[0160] As can be seen from the first and second examples, the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application achieved the expected beneficial effects when applied at ambient temperatures of 25°C and 7°C. Therefore, the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application is suitable for different temperature environments.

[0161] For example, in the third example, using a 3.5Ah-4.42V lithium-ion battery as a sample, the charging rate at 1.0C is 3.5A, and the rated charging voltage U0 is 4.42V. (Reference) Figure 5 The method shown involves pre-embedding a lithium reference electrode inside the battery to create a three-electrode battery. A small current I5 is used for charging above the rated charging voltage U0 of the lithium-ion battery, with a cutoff charging voltage of Uy. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental results, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium-ion battery is greater than 0V throughout the charging process, meaning no dendrite precipitation occurs. In specific implementation, based on the calibration results of the negative electrode voltage curve during charging, and under the premise of meeting the charging time requirements, the minimum cutoff charging voltage Uy is taken as the corresponding scheme (according to the first case in step S97). A database of charging parameters and operating conditions, as shown in Table 5, is established for real-time access by the terminal device during charging. Taking a current battery ambient temperature of 25℃ and a cycle time of 300 cycles as an example, refer to... Figure 5 The execution process shown can match the charging strategy in the database in Table 5. According to the charging strategy, the cutoff charging current I5 is 0.34C, and the cutoff charging voltage Uy is the sum of U0 and 40mV, that is, the cutoff charging voltage Uy is 4.46V, thus effectively ensuring that there is no risk of lithium plating on the negative electrode surface during the entire charging process.

[0162] As shown in Table 6, the existing charging scheme includes the following three stages: 1) 1.72C constant current charging to 4.27V, 4.27V constant voltage charging to 1.29C; 2) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.42V, 4.42V constant voltage charging to 0.6C; 3) 0.6C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.47V, 4.47V constant voltage charging to 0.09C, and charging is complete.

[0163] The charging scheme in this example includes the following three stages: 1) 1.72C constant current charging to 4.27V, 4.27V constant voltage charging to 1.29C; 2) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.42V, 4.42V constant voltage charging to 0.34C; 3) 0.34C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.46V, and charging is complete.

[0164] The charging scheme in this example is provided by Figure 1 The terminal equipment shown and Figure 5 The lithium-ion battery charging method shown can be completed.

[0165]

[0166] Table 5 shows the charging parameters and operating conditions associated with the third example in the database.

[0167]

[0168] Table 6 Comparison of Existing Charging Solutions and the Charging Solution of This Invention at 25℃

[0169] Figure 13 Comparison with the measured charging data in Table 5 shows that, at an ambient temperature of 25℃, the full charge time for this example's charging scheme is 43.5 minutes, while the existing technology charging scheme takes 65 minutes. Clearly, the charging speed provided by this example is significantly improved. Furthermore, the duration of the high voltage exceeding the rated charging voltage of 4.4V in this example's charging scheme is 5.9 minutes, while the duration of the high voltage exceeding 4.4V in the existing technology charging scheme is 30.8 minutes. Therefore, this example's charging scheme significantly improves charging speed while greatly reducing the duration of high voltage, effectively suppressing side reactions at the positive electrode and electrolyte interface, thereby reducing the impact on the lifespan of the lithium-ion battery.

[0170] Therefore, for high-voltage 4.42V lithium-ion batteries, the charging time can also be shortened by increasing the end-of-charge voltage and using a small-current constant-current charging cutoff. This reduces the impact on the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries while increasing their charging speed.

[0171] As can be seen from the first and third examples, the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application achieves the expected beneficial effects for both 4.0Ah-4.4V voltage system lithium-ion batteries and 3.5Ah-4.42V voltage system lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application is applicable to lithium-ion batteries with different rated voltage specifications.

[0172] For example, in the fourth example, using a 4.0Ah-4.4V voltage system lithium-ion battery as a sample, the charging rate at 1.0C is 4.0A, and the rated charging voltage U0 is 4.4V. (Reference) Figure 5 The method shown involves pre-embedding a lithium reference electrode inside the battery to create a three-electrode battery. Charging is performed with a cutoff charging current I5 above the rated charging voltage U0 of the lithium-ion battery. The cutoff charging voltage is Uy. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental results, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium-ion battery is greater than 0V throughout the charging process, meaning no dendrite precipitation occurs. In specific implementation, based on the calibration results of the negative electrode voltage curve during charging, and under the premise of meeting the charging time requirements, the smaller value of the cutoff charging current I5 is taken as the corresponding scheme. A database of charging parameters and operating conditions, as shown in Table 7, is established for real-time access by the terminal device during charging. Taking a current battery ambient temperature of 25℃ and a cycle time of 250 cycles as an example, refer to... Figure 5 The execution process shown can match the charging strategy in the database in Table 7. According to the charging strategy, the cutoff charging current I5 is 0.34C and the cutoff charging voltage Uy is the sum of U0 and 44mV, that is, the cutoff charging voltage is 4.44V, thus effectively ensuring that there is no risk of lithium plating on the negative electrode surface during the entire charging process.

[0173] As shown in Table 8, the existing charging scheme includes the following three stages: 1) 1.29C constant current charging to the rated charging voltage of 4.40V, and 4.40V constant voltage charging to 0.6C; 2) 0.6C constant current charging to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.45V, and 4.45V constant voltage charging to 0.09C, and the charging is completed.

[0174] The charging scheme in this example includes the following three stages: 1) constant current charging at 1.29C to the rated charging voltage of 4.40V, and constant voltage charging at 4.40V to 0.34C; 2) constant current charging at 0.34C to the specified cutoff charging voltage of 4.44V, and charging is complete.

[0175] The charging scheme in this example is provided by Figure 3 The terminal equipment shown and Figure 5 The lithium-ion battery charging method shown can be completed.

[0176]

[0177] Table 7 shows the charging parameters and operating conditions in the fourth example, linked to a database.

[0178]

[0179] Table 8 Comparison of Existing Charging Solutions and the Charging Solution of This Invention at 25℃

[0180] Based on the current parameters of 25℃ and 250 cycles, the matching end-charge strategies (0.34C, 4.44V) in the database shown in Table 7 are all within the negative electrode lithium plating charging boundary. Therefore, this example charging scheme, while significantly improving the charging speed, can effectively suppress the side reactions at the positive electrode and electrolyte interface by eliminating the high-voltage constant-voltage charging step, thereby reducing the impact on the lifespan of the lithium-ion battery.

[0181] In common constant current charging or constant voltage charging scenarios, the charging time can be shortened by increasing the cutoff voltage at the end of the charging process and using a small current constant current charging cutoff. This reduces the impact on the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries while increasing their charging speed.

[0182] As can be seen from the first and fourth examples, the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application achieves the expected beneficial effects by using a stepped adjustment of charging voltage / current or constant voltage / constant current charging. Therefore, the lithium-ion battery charging method provided in this application is applicable to different charging modes.

[0183] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0184] Corresponding to the lithium-ion battery charging method described in the above embodiments, Figure 14 A structural block diagram of a lithium-ion battery charging device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of this application are shown.

[0185] Reference Figure 14 The lithium-ion battery charging device 30 includes a voltage charging module 310 and a current charging module 320.

[0186] The voltage charging module 310 is used to charge the lithium-ion battery at the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current.

[0187] The current charging module 320 is used to charge the lithium-ion battery with a cutoff charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging voltage; wherein, the cutoff charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0188] In another embodiment, such as Figure 15 As shown, the lithium-ion battery charging device 30 may also include an operating condition acquisition module 330 and a charging parameter acquisition module 340.

[0189] The operating condition acquisition module 330 is used to acquire the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, including the current ambient temperature and / or the current number of charging cycles of the lithium-ion battery.

[0190] The charging parameter acquisition module 340 is used to acquire charging parameters corresponding to the current operating conditions from a preset database based on the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery; wherein, the charging parameters include the cut-off charging voltage and the cut-off charging current.

[0191] In another embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, the lithium-ion battery charging device 30 may also include a charging parameter testing module 350 and a storage module 360.

[0192] The charging parameter test module 350 is used to test the charging parameters of lithium-ion batteries under different operating conditions.

[0193] The storage module 360 ​​is used to associate and store the charging parameters and operating conditions obtained from the test into the database.

[0194] The charging parameter test module 350 has two configurations.

[0195] In the first case, such as Figure 17 As shown, the charging parameter testing module 350 includes a first charging time testing module 351a and a first charging parameter determination module 352a.

[0196] The first charging time test module 351a is used to test the experimental charging time of a lithium-ion battery under certain working conditions for different experimental charging parameters; the experimental charging parameters include the experimental cutoff charging voltage and the experimental cutoff charging current.

[0197] The first charging parameter determination module 352a is used to take the experimental charging parameter as the charging parameter corresponding to a certain working condition when the experimental charging time corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is less than the preset charging time and the experimental cutoff charging voltage or the experimental cutoff charging current corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is the minimum.

[0198] In the second case, such as Figure 18 As shown, the charging parameter testing module 350 includes a second charging duration testing module 351b and a second charging parameter determination module 352b.

[0199] The second charging time test module 351b is used to test the experimental charging time of a lithium-ion battery under different experimental charging parameters under a single working condition; the experimental charging parameters include the experimental cutoff charging voltage and the experimental cutoff charging current.

[0200] The second charging parameter determination module 352b is used to take the experimental charging parameter as the corresponding charging parameter under the working conditions when the experimental charging time corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is the minimum.

[0201] Specifically, the voltage charging module 310 is used to charge the lithium-ion battery in a stepped adjustment of the charging voltage until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current, wherein the final charging voltage in the stepped adjustment of the charging voltage is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0202] Specifically, the current charging module 320 is used to charge the lithium-ion battery in a stepped adjustment of the charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging voltage, wherein the initial charging current in the stepped adjustment of the charging current is the cutoff charging current.

[0203] The range of the cut-off charging current is (0.02C, 1.5C), and the range of the cut-off charging voltage is (U0, U0+200mV); where U0 is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

[0204] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, and they will not be repeated here.

[0205] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0206] This application also provides a network device, which includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0207] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps described in the various method embodiments above.

[0208] This application provides a computer program product that, when run on a mobile terminal, enables the mobile terminal to implement the steps described in the above-described method embodiments.

[0209] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal equipment provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 19 As shown, the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19 of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 190 ( Figure 19 The diagram shows only one processor, memory 191, and computer program 192 stored in memory 191 and executable on at least one processor 190. When processor 190 executes computer program 192, it implements the steps in any of the above-described embodiments of lithium-ion battery charging methods.

[0210] The lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19 can be a computing device such as a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server. This lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 190 and a memory 191. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 19 This is merely an example of a lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19 and does not constitute a limitation on the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components, such as input / output devices, network access devices, etc.

[0211] The processor 190 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0212] In some embodiments, memory 191 may be an internal storage unit of the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19, such as a hard disk or memory of the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19. In other embodiments, memory 191 may be an external storage device of the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital card (SD), flash card, etc., equipped on the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19. Furthermore, memory 191 may include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the lithium-ion battery charging device / terminal device 19. Memory 191 is used to store operating systems, applications, bootloaders, data, and other programs, such as program code of computer programs. Memory 191 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0213] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of this application can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. A computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a terminal device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. Examples include USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electrical carrier signals or telecommunication signals.

[0214] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0215] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0216] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / network devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / network device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0217] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0218] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for charging a lithium-ion battery, characterized in that, include: Obtain the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, including the current ambient temperature of the lithium-ion battery and / or the current number of charging cycles of the lithium-ion battery; Based on the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, charging parameters corresponding to the current operating conditions are obtained from a preset database; wherein, the charging parameters include a cut-off charging voltage and a cut-off charging current, the numerical range of the cut-off charging current is (0.12C, 1.5C), the numerical range of the cut-off charging voltage is (U0, U0+200mV), and the cut-off charging voltage is ≥4.4V; wherein, U0 is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery; The lithium-ion battery is charged at its rated charging voltage until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current. The lithium-ion battery is charged using the cut-off charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cut-off charging voltage, at which point charging is complete; wherein the cut-off charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

2. The lithium-ion battery charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before obtaining the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, the process also includes: Test the charging parameters of the lithium-ion battery under different operating conditions; The charging parameters and operating conditions obtained from the test are associated and stored in the database.

3. The lithium-ion battery charging method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The testing of the lithium-ion battery under different operating conditions includes the following charging parameters: The test measures the experimental charging time of the lithium-ion battery under a certain operating condition, corresponding to different experimental charging parameters; the experimental charging parameters include the experimental cutoff charging voltage and the experimental cutoff charging current. When the experimental charging duration corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is less than the preset charging duration, and the experimental cutoff charging voltage or the experimental cutoff charging current corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is at its minimum, the experimental charging parameter shall be used as the charging parameter corresponding to the certain working condition.

4. The lithium-ion battery charging method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The testing of the lithium-ion battery under different operating conditions includes the following charging parameters: The test measures the experimental charging time of the lithium-ion battery under a certain operating condition, corresponding to different experimental charging parameters; the experimental charging parameters include the experimental cutoff charging voltage and the experimental cutoff charging current. When the experimental charging time corresponding to the experimental charging parameter is the minimum, the experimental charging parameter shall be used as the charging parameter corresponding to the certain working condition.

5. The lithium-ion battery charging method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of charging the lithium-ion battery at its rated charging voltage until the charging current reaches the cutoff charging current includes: The lithium-ion battery is charged using a stepped adjustment of the charging voltage until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current, wherein the final charging voltage in the stepped adjustment of the charging voltage is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery. Charging the lithium-ion battery with the cutoff charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging voltage includes: The lithium-ion battery is charged using a stepped adjustment of the charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging voltage, wherein the initial charging current in the stepped adjustment of the charging current is the cutoff charging current.

6. A lithium-ion battery charging device, characterized in that, include: The operating condition acquisition module is used to acquire the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery, including the current ambient temperature of the lithium-ion battery and / or the current number of charging cycles of the lithium-ion battery. The charging parameter acquisition module is used to acquire charging parameters corresponding to the current operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery from a preset database. The charging parameters include a cutoff charging voltage and a cutoff charging current. The cutoff charging current has a value range of (0.12C, 1.5C), and the cutoff charging voltage has a value range of (U0, U0+200mV), with a cutoff charging voltage ≥ 4.4V. U0 is the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery. A voltage charging module is used to charge the lithium-ion battery at the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery until the charging current of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cutoff charging current. A current charging module is used to charge the lithium-ion battery with the cut-off charging current until the charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery reaches the cut-off charging voltage, at which point charging is complete; wherein the cut-off charging voltage is greater than the rated charging voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

7. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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