Vibration damping device and bogie

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vibration damping device and a bogie. The vibration damping device is provided on the bogie. The vibration damping device includes a friction part, at least a part of the friction part is located between the side wall of the end of the bolster and the side frame of the bogie, and the friction part is in frictional cooperation with the side frame; the vibration damping device further includes a swing part, one end of the swing part is rotatably connected to the friction part around a first axis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bolster around a second axis, and both the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the width direction of the bogie. In this solution, when wear occurs, the horizontal component force acting on the friction part will increase. Correspondingly, the horizontal component force transmitted to the side frame will increase synchronously, thereby increasing the frictional force between the friction wall of the friction part and the side frame. That is to say, although there is frictional loss, the frictional force will instead increase to improve or avoid the decrease in the vibration damping effect caused by the frictional loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and particularly relates to a vibration damping device and a bogie. Background Art

[0002] A railway freight car generally includes a car body, a bogie, a braking device, a coupler buffer device, etc. Among them, the function of the bogie is to support the car body, guide the vehicle to run along the track, and bear various loads from the car body and the track. The bogie is an important part of the railway freight car and is the core component affecting the vehicle dynamics performance. Railway freight car bogies are divided into two categories: welded frame bogies and cast steel three-piece bogies. Among them, the three-piece bogies are mainly composed of side frames, bolster, basic braking devices, elastic suspension devices, and wheelsets.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the end of the bolster 1' and the side frame and the inclined wedge 4' in the three-piece bogie.

[0004] The end of the bolster 1' is inserted between the two columns 2' of the side frame. An inclined wedge 4' is provided as a vibration damping element between the end of the bolster 1' and the column 2'. The vertical surface of the inclined wedge 4' is the main friction surface, which frictionally cooperates with the wear plate 3' of the column 2'. The inclined surface of the inclined wedge 4' is the secondary friction surface, which frictionally cooperates with the inclined surface of the bolster 1'. As Figure 1 shown, the inclined surfaces on both sides of the bolster 1' form an eight-character shape. The vertical stiffness, lateral stiffness, longitudinal stiffness, and anti-rhombus stiffness provided by the inclined wedge 4' have an important impact on the vibration damping performance of the freight car.

[0005] After the inclined wedge 4' wears, the gaps between the main friction surface and the wear plate 3' of the column 2' and between the secondary friction surface and the side surface of the bolster 1' become larger. Under the action of the spring force of the following vibration damping spring, the inclined wedge 4' moves upward until the gaps between the main friction surface and the wear plate 3' of the column 2' and between the secondary friction surface and the inclined surface of the bolster 1' are eliminated. Since the inclined wedge 4' rises, the compression amount of the vibration damping spring decreases. Therefore, the vibration damping force decreases and the vibration damping effect decreases. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a vibration damping device provided on a bogie. The vibration damping device includes a friction part, at least part of the friction part is located between the side wall of the end of the bolster and the side frame of the bogie, and the friction part frictionally cooperates with the side frame; the vibration damping device further includes a swing part, one end of the swing part is rotatably connected to the friction part around a first axis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bolster around a second axis. Both the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the width direction of the bogie.

[0007] Optionally, the swinging part includes a swinging body and swing heads separately or integrally provided at both ends of the swinging body; the friction part and the bolster are respectively provided with rotating holes adapted to the corresponding swing heads on the opposite sides to achieve rotational connection.

[0008] Optionally, the swing head has an arc surface and the rotating hole is an arc-shaped hole.

[0009] Optionally, the swing head is a cylindrical structure or a partial cylindrical structure connected to the end of the swinging body; or, the swinging part is an oblong block and the swing heads are arc-shaped blocks at both ends of the oblong block.

[0010] Optionally, both the friction part and the bolster are provided with hole parts. The inner section of the hole part is the rotating hole, and the outer section of the hole part is a tapered hole with a gradually increasing radial dimension from inside to outside. A part of the swinging body is located in the tapered hole, and the tapered hole provides a swinging space.

[0011] Optionally, wear pads are provided on the swing heads of the swinging part.

[0012] Optionally, both ends of the swinging part are respectively rotationally connected to the friction part and the bolster through corresponding rotating shafts.

[0013] Optionally, there is a gap between the friction part and the bolster.

[0014] Optionally, at least one side of the bolster is provided with the friction part and the swinging part; and / or, multiple groups of the friction part and the swinging part are provided on at least one side of the bolster along the width direction of the bogie.

[0015] The present invention also provides a bogie provided with the vibration damping device described in any one of the above.

[0016] In this solution, a swinging part is arranged between the friction part and the bolster. When wear occurs and relative movement is generated between the friction part and the bolster to offset the gap generated by wear, the swinging part will rotate accordingly, and the swinging part will be closer to the horizontal direction. At this time, the horizontal component force acting on the friction part will increase. Correspondingly, the horizontal component force transmitted to the side frame will increase synchronously, thereby increasing the friction force between the friction wall of the friction part and the side frame. That is to say, although frictional loss occurs, the friction force will instead increase, achieving a better vertical vibration damping effect to improve or avoid the decline in the vibration damping effect caused by frictional loss mentioned in the background art. The increase in the horizontal component force can also increase the anti-roll stiffness. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the end of the bolster, the side frame and the inclined wedge in a three-piece bogie;

[0018] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the vibration damping device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 schematic diagram of the friction part in Figure 3 From this perspective, the back of the friction part is the friction wall;

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 3 front view of

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 2 three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the swinging part in

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 2 schematic diagram of the inclination angle of the swinging part in

[0023] Figure 7 is Figure 2 schematic diagram of the end part of the bolster in

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the swinging part in the vibration damping device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figures 1-8 The reference numerals in the drawings are explained as follows:

[0026] 1'-bolster;

[0027] 2'-column;

[0028] 3'-wear plate;

[0029] 4'-wedge;

[0030] 1-bolster; 11-second rotation hole;

[0031] 2-column;

[0032] 3-wear plate;

[0033] 4-swinging part; 41-swinging body; 42-swinging head;

[0034] 5-friction part; 51-friction wall; 521-first rotation hole; 522-tapering hole;

[0035] 61-first spring; 62-second spring;

[0036] 7-side frame. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the vibration damping device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In this embodiment, the vibration damping device is arranged on the bogie. The bogie includes a side frame 7 assembly. The side frame 7 assembly includes side frames 7 on both sides and a connecting beam connecting the side frames 7. The side frame 7 is used to install the wheel set. The bogie further includes a bolster 1 assembled between the two side frames 7. Two columns 2 are provided on the side frame 7, and the end of the bolster 1 extends into the space between the two columns 2 of the side frame 7.

[0041] It should be noted that the vibration damping device in this embodiment includes a friction part 5. The installation position of the friction part 5 is roughly the same as the position of the inclined wedge in the background art. At this time, the friction part 5 is at least partially located between the bolster 1 and the side frame 7, specifically, between the side wall of the end of the bolster 1 and the column 2 of the side frame 7. Figure 2 The cross-section of the bolster 1 in is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and the side wall of the end of the bolster 1 corresponds to the waist of the inverted isosceles trapezoid. In addition, the friction part 5 is in frictional cooperation with the side frame 7. Figure 2 In, the side wall of the column 2 of the side frame 7 facing the bolster 1 can be defined as the inner side wall of the column 2. A wear plate 3 can also be arranged on the inner side wall of the column 2. The wear plate 3 is fixed to the column 2 of the side frame 7 through fasteners. The side wall of the friction part 5 facing the column 2 of the side frame 7 is in frictional cooperation with the wear plate 3. The side wall of this side of the friction part 5 can be defined as the friction wall 51. Please refer to Figure 3 , 4 for understanding. Figure 3 For Figure 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the friction part 5. Figure 3 From the perspective of, the back of the friction part 5 is the friction wall 51; Figure 4 For Figure 3 , which is the front view of.

[0042] The friction part 5 and the column 2 of the side frame 7 generally adopt a vertical surface fit, that is, the friction wall 51 is a vertical surface, and both the column 2 and the wear plate 3 are vertically arranged, that is, the friction wall 51 of the friction part 5 and the inner side wall of the column 2 of the side frame 7 both extend vertically. Of course, a small inclination angle can also be provided, and this solution does not make specific limitations.

[0043] It should be emphasized that the vibration damping device in this embodiment further includes a swing part 4. Please combine Figure 2 and refer to Figure 5 for understanding. Figure 5 For Figure 2 , which is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the swing part 4.

[0044] One end of the swinging part 4 is rotatably connected to the friction part 5 around the first axis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bolster 1 around the second axis. Both the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the width direction of the bogie, and the width direction of the bogie is also the length direction of the bolster 1. With Figure 2 as the perspective, the swinging part 4 can swing clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0045] As Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 for Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the inclination angle of the swinging part 4 in

[0046] Assume that the included angle between the initial position of the swinging part 4 and the horizontal direction is α. Then, the horizontal component of the acting force F of the swinging part 4 on the friction part 5 is Fcosα. Please also combine with Figure 2 to understand that when the friction part 5 and the column 2 of the side frame 7 have frictional wear, in order to make up for the gap, the friction part 5 will approach the side frame 7. At this time, the swinging part 4 will rotate. Still with Figure 2 as the perspective, the left friction part 5 will rotate clockwise, and the right friction part 5 will rotate counterclockwise. After rotation, the swinging part 4 will be closer to the horizontal direction, that is, α will become smaller. At this time, the horizontal component force Fcosα acting on the friction part 5 will increase. Correspondingly, the horizontal component force transmitted to the side frame 7 will increase synchronously, thereby increasing the frictional force between the friction wall 51 of the friction part 5 and the wear plate 3 of the column 2. That is to say, although there is frictional wear, the frictional force will increase instead, achieving a better vertical damping effect to improve or avoid the reduction of the damping effect caused by frictional wear mentioned in the background technology. The increase in the horizontal component force can also increase the anti-roll stiffness.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, a first spring 61 is provided below the friction part 5, and a second spring 62 is provided below the bolster 1. The first spring 61 and the second spring 62 can produce a damping effect and form a force balance with the damping device and the gravity above the bolster 1.

[0048] Please continue to combine with Figure 5 to understand that the swinging part 4 includes a swinging body 41 and swing heads 42 located at both ends of the swinging body 41. Figure 5 In Figure 6 , the swing heads 42 and the swinging body 41 are of an integral structure. The swinging body 41 is a block structure, specifically a square block structure. A regular square or a rectangular block is acceptable. The swing heads 42 are semi-cylindrical structures connected to both ends of the swinging body 41. As

[0049] shown, except for the positions where the swing heads 42 are connected to the swinging body 41, the rest of the outer periphery is arc-shaped. Figure 3 , 7 shown, Figure 7 for Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the end of the bolster 1 in

[0050] In this embodiment, on the opposite sides of the friction part 5 and the bolster 1, there are respectively provided rotating holes adapted to the corresponding swing heads 42. Here, the rotating hole of the friction part 5 is defined as the first rotating hole 521, and the rotating hole of the bolster 1 is defined as the second rotating hole 11. One swing head 42 of the swinging part 4 is adapted to the first rotating hole 521, and the other swing head 42 is adapted to the second rotating hole 11, so as to realize the rotational connection between the swinging part 4, the bolster 1 and the friction part 5. That is, in this embodiment, the swinging part 4 can be directly placed in the bolster 1 and the friction part 5 to achieve rotational connection, and the rotation axis is the axis of the large semi-cylindrical structure. It can be understood that the swing head 42 can also be a semi-cylinder or a small semi-cylinder, that is, a partial cylindrical structure, or the swing head 42 and the swinging body 41 are separately arranged, and the swing head 42 can be a complete cylindrical structure. In fact, as long as the swing head 42 has an arc surface, rotational cooperation can be achieved. Correspondingly, the first rotating hole 521 and the second rotating hole 522 are arc-shaped holes. When the large semi-cylindrical-shaped adapting rotating hole is used, the rotational connection is more reliable and will not break away from the rotating hole.

[0051] This kind of rotational connection method has a simple structure and a reliable rotational connection. It should be understood that the swing head 42 is not limited to an arc surface. For example, it can also be a ball head. However, the degree of freedom of rotation of the ball head is too large. In this solution, it only needs to swing around the axis in the width direction of the bogie when wearing occurs. Therefore, setting an arc surface to cooperate with the arc-shaped rotating hole is the best solution. In addition, in order to achieve rotational connection, it is also possible that both ends of the swinging part 4 are directly connected to the bolster 1 and the friction part 5 through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can be a round shaft or a pin shaft.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, both the friction part 5 and the bolster 1 are provided with hole parts. The inner section of the hole part is a rotating hole, and the outer section of the hole part is a gradually expanding hole with a gradually increasing radial dimension from the inside to the outside. Here, the "inside" and "outside" are based on the friction part 5 and the bolster 1 respectively. For the hole part on the friction part 5, the direction close to the bolster 1 is the outside, and for the hole part on the bolster 1, the direction close to the friction part 5 is the outside. That is, the hole parts of the friction part 5 and the bolster 1 are special-shaped holes, and the hole parts are blind hole structures formed by combining a rotating hole and a gradually expanding hole. The hole part of the friction part 5 includes the first rotating hole 521 and the gradually expanding hole 522. In this way, the swing head 42 is completely or partially inserted into the corresponding first rotating hole 521 or the second rotating hole 11, and a part of the swinging body 41 can be located in the gradually expanding hole. The gradually expanding hole can provide a swinging space and avoid interfering with the swinging body 41. With such a setting, the setting position of the rotating hole can be deeper, which can ensure the overall length of the swinging part 4, make the swinging part 4 have higher strength, and the rotation is more flexible, which is beneficial to the transmission of force.

[0053] Furthermore, a wear pad can be provided on the swing head 42 of the swinging part 4. The swing head 42 is arranged in the first rotating hole 521 or the second rotating hole 11. Wear may occur during the rotation process. Setting a wear pad is beneficial to reducing wear and improving the service life of the swing head 42.

[0054] It can be understood that along the width direction of the bogie, or along the length direction of the bolster 1, one or more sets of friction parts 5 and swing parts 4 can be provided between one side of the bolster 1 and the column 2 of the corresponding side frame 7. As Figure 1 shown, one set of friction parts 5 and swing parts 4 are provided on both sides of the bolster 1, and it is also possible to provide only the friction parts 5 and swing parts 4 on one side.

[0055] For each of the above embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, there can be a gap between the friction part 5 and the bolster 1. In this way, there is no friction between the friction part 5 and the bolster 1, and no wear will occur. Only wear exists between the friction part 5 and the column 2 of the side frame 7. The relative movement between the friction part 5 and the bolster 1 can offset this gap, and moreover, it will not interfere with the swing of the swing part 4.

[0056] In addition, it should be understood that since the swing part 4 is provided for force transmission, except that the friction wall 51 of the friction part 5 needs to be in frictional cooperation with the wear plate 3 of the column 2 of the side frame 7, the structure of other positions of the friction part 5 is not limited as long as it does not interfere with the swing of the swing part 4. Therefore, the friction part 5 does not need to be set as the wedge-shaped structure in the background technology. But as Figure 2 、 3 shown, in this embodiment, the friction part 5 is also a wedge-shaped structure. The inclined surface of the wedge faces the waist of the inverted isosceles trapezoid of the bolster 1. On the one hand, the wedge-shaped structure has less modification to the existing vibration damping device structure and only needs to set the hole part. On the other hand, the wedge-shaped structure is relatively matched with the existing structure of the bolster 1 in terms of appearance, which is beneficial to the stability of the structure.

[0057] This embodiment also provides a bogie. The bogie is provided with the vibration damping device described in any of the above embodiments, and the beneficial effects are the same and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 which is a schematic structural view of the swing part 4 in the vibration damping device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] This embodiment has the same structure as Embodiment 1, except that it provides another structure of the swing part 4, and the rest of the structures are exactly the same and will not be elaborated here. The swing part 4 in this embodiment is an oblong block, and the arc-shaped blocks at both ends of the oblong block are swing heads 42. The swing heads 42 can also be placed in the first rotating hole 521 of the friction part 5 or the second rotating hole 11 of the bolster 1 to achieve rotational connection. The processing of the swing part 4 with this structure is simpler, but it should be understood that the swing part 4 in Embodiment 1 swings more flexibly and has a larger amplitude.

[0061] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation modes of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration damping device is provided on a bogie. It is characterized in that the vibration damping device includes a friction part (5), at least part of the friction part (5) is located between the side wall of the end of the bolster (1) and the side frame (7) of the bogie, and the friction part (5) is in frictional engagement with the side frame (7); the vibration damping device further includes a swing part (4), one end of the swing part (4) is rotatably connected to the friction part (5) around a first axis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bolster (1) around a second axis, and both the first axis and the second axis are parallel to the width direction of the bogie; there is a gap between the friction part (5) and the bolster (1); the swing part (4) includes a swing body (41) and swing heads (42) provided separately or integrally at both ends of the swing body (41), and the swing body (41) is a block structure.

2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the friction part (5) and the bolster (1) are respectively provided with rotating holes adapted to the corresponding swing heads (42) on the opposite sides to achieve rotational connection.

3. The vibration damping device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that the swing head (42) has an arc surface, and the rotating hole is an arc-shaped hole.

4. The vibration damping device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that the swing head (42) is a cylindrical structure or a partial cylindrical structure connected to the end of the swing body (41); or, the swing part (4) is an oblong block, and the swing heads (42) are arc-shaped blocks at both ends of the oblong block.

5. The vibration damping device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that both the friction part (5) and the bolster (1) are provided with hole parts, the inner section of the hole part is the rotating hole, the outer section of the hole part is a tapered hole with a gradually increasing radial dimension from inside to outside, and a part of the swing body (41) is located in the tapered hole, and the tapered hole provides a swinging space.

6. The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 2-5, It is characterized in that the swing heads of the swing part (4) are provided with wear pads.

7. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that both ends of the swing part (4) are respectively rotatably connected to the friction part (5) and the bolster (1) through corresponding rotating shafts.

8. The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1-5, 7, It is characterized in that at least one side of the bolster (1) is provided with the friction part (5) and the swing part (4); and / or, at least one side of the bolster (1) is provided with multiple groups of the friction part (5) and the swing part (4) along the width direction of the bogie.

9. A bogie, It is characterized in that it is provided with the vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1-8.

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