Container vehicle-ship direct access operation system and method based on crane and transfer platform

Abstract

The present invention relates to a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system and method based on a crane and a transfer platform, the system includes a port terminal, a railway loading and unloading line extending to the front of the terminal and parallel to the shoreline, and a first crane for loading and unloading containers on the ship at the shore, and also includes a second crane for loading and unloading containers on the railway loading and unloading line. A first container transfer platform for temporarily placing containers is provided between the first crane and the second crane, and the first container transfer platform is simultaneously located in the loading and unloading area of ​​the first crane and the loading and unloading area of ​​the second crane. The railway loading and unloading line is laid on the front of the terminal and an elevated railway loading and unloading platform is provided. The new vehicle-ship direct pickup mode proposed by the present invention solves the actual special terrain condition that the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is higher than the terminal. Through the efficient cooperation of the container transfer platform and the gantry crane, a truly seamless connection of iron-water transport can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cargo transportation, and in particular to a system and method for directly taking containers from a vehicle or ship based on a crane and a transfer platform. Background Art

[0002] Containerized rail-water transport refers to the transportation process in which containers are transferred from trains to ships or from ships to trains, realizing the spatial and temporal displacement of goods. The entire process only requires "one declaration, one inspection, and one release". It is currently the world's most advanced integrated transportation method, with comprehensive advantages such as achieving seamless connection of cargo transportation, saving logistics costs, reducing energy consumption, and reducing pollutant emissions.

[0003] At present, the connection process of container rail-water transport mode mainly includes the following:

[0004] 1. Water transport terminal-road-rail freight yard mode (port external transshipment mode)

[0005] In this mode, there is a certain distance of 2 to 5 km (30 km for Yangshan Port) between the railway container station and the terminal. The transshipment between water transport and railway requires a short road transport (short barge) to achieve. This mode adds an external truck transport link, and the transportation cost and time cost increase accordingly. It is not convenient for the unified management of the railway-water transport system. This mode is adopted between Shanghai Yangshan Port and Shanghai Luchao Port Railway Container Station, Shenzhen Yantian Port and Pingyan Railway Yantian Station. Most domestic container railway-water transport connections adopt this mode.

[0006] 2. Water transport terminal - yard - railway loading and unloading area mode (port internal loading and unloading mode)

[0007] In this mode, the railway loading and unloading line is laid near the yard behind the terminal, and the loading and unloading machinery and rail cranes in the yard are used to load and unload train containers, which reduces the external truck transportation link and saves transportation costs and time costs. This mode is currently a common mode for rail-water transport at domestic and foreign ports. Lianyungang Container Terminal, Dalian Port Container Terminal, Tianjin Port Container Terminal, Qingdao Qianwan Container Terminal, etc. all adopt this mode. This mode can also be subdivided into two layout modes according to the volume of rail-water transport: one with a railway loading and unloading area yard (average volume) and one without a railway loading and unloading area yard (large volume). The horizontal transportation within the port relies on internal container trucks.

[0008] 3. Water transport - railway vehicle and ship direct access mode

[0009] In this mode, the railway loading and unloading line extends to the front of the wharf, and the transshipment between water transport and rail transport does not go through the yard operation, but directly transships ships and railway vehicles, so that containers can be directly transshipped without going through the yard storage, reducing the storage operation links and the number of loading and unloading machinery, greatly saving the yard area, reducing the transshipment time, and having high social and economic benefits. However, due to the current domestic arrival time of vehicles and ships, inconsistent loading and unloading operation plans, and lack of information interconnection, the overall loading and unloading efficiency is not high, so this model has not been well developed in China.

[0010] Now we analyze the existing technical limitations of the direct vehicle-vehicle mode, and the specific analysis is as follows:

[0011] 1. Existing vehicle-vessel direct access mode operation process

[0012] (1) Port entry operations

[0013] 1) The container ship docks at the berth, and the quay crane runs to the designated position to grab and unload the container from the ship;

[0014] 2) The quay crane moves longitudinally along the running rail to the designated position and places the unloaded container at the corresponding position of the container train;

[0015] 3) The quay crane moves forward and backward longitudinally multiple times to complete the container grabbing and loading operations until all container trains are loaded.

[0016] (2) Departure operations

[0017] 1) The railway container train stops at the loading and unloading line of the railway operation area, and the quay crane runs to the designated position to grab and unload the container from the train;

[0018] 2) The quay crane moves longitudinally along the running rail to the designated position and places the unloaded container at the corresponding position on the ship;

[0019] 3) The quay crane moves forward and backward longitudinally multiple times to complete the container grabbing and unloading operations until all container trains are unloaded.

[0020] The existing operation process of the direct vehicle-ship mode cannot achieve truly seamless connection of rail-water transport.

[0021] In general, the container railway loading and unloading line of the port terminal is at the same level as the terminal yard, so that it is convenient to exchange containers with the container trucks at the terminal. However, when the facilities of the two modes of transportation are not near the same elevation, the elevation needs to be lowered when operating at the same site. Generally, the railway changes its height. The height change of the railway is limited by the traction slope. The maximum transportation volume does not exceed 6 / 1000 (that is, a 6m drop in height requires a 1000m line length), and the minimum transportation volume does not exceed 12 / 1000.

[0022] The water level of rivers in plain valleys varies greatly between the dry season and the flood season, so rivers in plains are equipped with levees to prevent floods from spreading. Flood control levees in plains are generally 5 to 10 meters above the ground. The trestle, roads, and loading and unloading equipment in front of the port terminal are located outside the levee. All or part of the yards of some ports are also located on the beach outside the levee. According to the current "Flood Control Regulations", the railway line cannot break through the levee and directly cross the port. It is necessary to extend the line at the ground height to the height of the river levee, and after crossing the levee, lower the height to enter the terminal yard or the front of the pier. The uphill and downhill extension of the railway line over the levee is several thousand meters long, and the engineering cost is high. At the same time, the line slope affects the traction quality of the railway train. Some ports do not have the terrain space for the downhill extension line outside the levee. In addition, the water level of rivers in mountainous and hilly areas varies greatly, and the railway elevation is generally higher than the port yard elevation. There is a height difference when introducing the railway loading and unloading line.

[0023] In the existing rail-water combined transport mode, the railway loading and unloading line extends to the front of the wharf. The transshipment between water transport and rail transport is carried out directly without going through the yard operation. The rail top elevation of the railway loading and unloading line is basically flush with the running rail of the quay crane. However, due to the terrain conditions of some ports, there is a large height difference between the connection point of the railway loading and unloading line and the wharf. Often, the railway line cannot be directly arranged at the front of the wharf. In addition, due to the large height difference between the rail top elevation and the front of the wharf, the quay crane cannot complete the direct vehicle and ship operation according to the traditional operation mode. Summary of the invention

[0024] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system and method based on a crane and a transfer platform. The new vehicle-ship direct pickup mode proposed in the present invention solves the actual special terrain condition that the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is higher than that of the wharf. Through the efficient cooperation of the first container transfer platform and the gantry crane, a truly seamless connection of rail-water transport can be achieved.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: The present invention discloses a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform, including a port terminal and a first crane for loading and unloading containers on a ship at the shore, and also includes an elevated railway loading and unloading platform located on the land side of the first crane, at least one railway loading and unloading line parallel to the shoreline is laid on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform, and the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform extends to a neighboring railway station and is led out from the neighboring railway station.

[0026] Furthermore, a second crane for loading and unloading containers on the railway loading and unloading line is provided on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform, and a first container transfer platform for temporarily placing containers is provided between the first crane and the second crane. The first container transfer platform is located in both the loading and unloading area of ​​the first crane and the loading and unloading area of ​​the second crane.

[0027] Furthermore, the first container transfer platform is located in the loading and unloading range of the rear cantilever of the first crane and the loading and unloading range of the front cantilever of the second crane; the first container transfer platform is arranged on the land side gantry of the first crane.

[0028] Furthermore, a first crane running track parallel to the shoreline is provided on the shore at the front of the wharf, the first crane running track is located between the elevated railway loading and unloading platform and the front berth, and at least one first crane is supported on the first crane running track; a second crane running track parallel to the shoreline is provided on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform located on the land side of the first crane at the front of the wharf, at least one second crane is supported on the second crane running track, and the railway loading and unloading line is located below the second crane.

[0029] Furthermore, at least two second cranes are arranged at longitudinal intervals on the second crane running track, and a second container transfer platform is provided next to the second crane running track for temporarily placing containers when the two second cranes are longitudinally transferred; the second container transfer platform is located on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform.

[0030] The system of the present invention also includes a wharf yard and a container truck, the railway loading and unloading line is located between the wharf yard and the running track of the first crane, a first container truck lane is provided in the loading and unloading area of ​​the first crane below the first crane, the first container truck lane is connected to the yard lane or the road transport channel, and is used to realize the container truck loading and unloading operation between the ship and the wharf yard or the road transport channel; the first container truck lane is connected to the yard lane through a container truck communication channel, and the elevated railway loading and unloading platform and the container truck communication channel are three-dimensionally intersected;

[0031] A second container truck lane is provided below the second crane in the loading and unloading area of ​​the second crane, for realizing container truck loading and unloading operations between vehicles of the railway loading and unloading line and the terminal yard or road transport channel.

[0032] The first container transfer platform is located in the loading and unloading range of the front cantilever of the second crane.

[0033] The first truck lane and the second truck lane are both located on the dock ground and at the same level as the dock yard. The elevated railway loading and unloading platform is built on the dock ground. The second truck lane is located on the land side of the ground (or trestle) below the railway loading and unloading platform.

[0034] The first truck lane is located under the span of the shore crane, between the running tracks of the two shore cranes, and parallel to the running tracks of the shore cranes.

[0035] The first crane is a shore bridge crane or a portal crane; the second crane is a second crane. The railway loading and unloading line is located under the second crane and between two second crane running tracks.

[0036] The present invention also discloses a method for directly taking containers from a ship to a container based on a crane and a transfer platform. The process of unloading and loading a container from a ship includes the following steps:

[0037] The empty railway car moves from the station to the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform according to the instructions issued by the railway container management system;

[0038] According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane grabs the container from the ship and lifts it to the rear cantilever of the first crane and then places it on the first container transfer platform;

[0039] The second crane grabs the container on the first container transfer platform and transports it to the railway vehicle on the railway loading and unloading line for loading, and repeats this cycle until the railway vehicle is full, and controls the railway vehicle to drive out of the railway loading and unloading line;

[0040] The unloading and loading process includes the following steps:

[0041] The railway container heavy vehicle train moves from the station to the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform according to the instructions issued by the railway container management system;

[0042] The second crane lifts the container loaded on the railway vehicle and directly transfers it to the first container transfer platform. The first crane continues to lift the container at the first container transfer platform and runs to the ship to unload the container on the ship, completing the one-hook loading operation. After the first crane returns, the cantilever waits for the next container to continue loading; this cycle continues until the railway vehicle is unloaded and the railway vehicle is controlled to drive out of the railway loading and unloading line.

[0043] Multiple second cranes running on the same second crane running track are divided into two groups according to the scope of the operating area or the number of second cranes operating synchronously; when the required longitudinal running range of the container exceeds the longitudinal operating area set by a second crane, it is longitudinally relayed to the planned location by at least one second crane.

[0044] When two second cranes relay longitudinally, one second crane places the container at the handover yard in the overlapping area of ​​the two second cranes' operations, for the other second crane to take away and run longitudinally, thus realizing the longitudinal relay of the two second cranes.

[0045] The unloading and loading process also includes the following steps:

[0046] According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the container trucks on the first container truck lane. The container trucks drive out of the terminal along the first container truck lane and the container truck communication channel to the yard to unload the containers and gather and wait; according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are loaded onto the container trucks on the second container truck lane. The containers on the container trucks on the second container truck lane are loaded into the railway vehicles of the corresponding transportation direction by the second crane;

[0047] The unloading and loading process also includes the following steps:

[0048] According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the second crane lifts the containers loaded on the railway vehicle, moves them and places them directly on the container trucks on the second container truck lane. The container trucks on the second container truck lane are transported along the second container truck lane to the terminal yard for assembly and waiting; according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are transported to the first container truck lane by container trucks, and the containers of the container trucks on the first container truck lane are loaded onto the ship by the first crane.

[0049] According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the container trucks on the first container truck lane, and the container trucks enter the highway intermodal transport channel along the first container truck lane. The container trucks on the highway intermodal transport channel drive into the first container truck lane, and the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the container trucks onto the ship, thus realizing waterway and highway intermodal transport.

[0050] According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the container trucks in the highway intermodal transport channel drive into the second container truck lane, and the containers on the container trucks in the second container truck lane are loaded into railway vehicles through the second crane, and the second crane unloads the containers loaded on the railway vehicles onto the container trucks in the second container truck lane. The container trucks enter the highway intermodal transport channel along the second container truck lane, realizing the port's highway-railway intermodal transport.

[0051] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0052] (1) The present invention realizes seamless connection of container rail-water transport in accordance with the needs of special terrain conditions.

[0053] The new mode of direct vehicle-ship access proposed in the present invention solves the problem that the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is higher than that of the wharf under the actual special terrain conditions. Through the efficient cooperation of the first container transfer platform and the gantry crane, a truly seamless connection of rail-water transport can be achieved, thereby avoiding the long-distance extension of the railway over the embankment for uphill and downhill for several kilometers, and the long-distance downhill extension of the mountain railway, which greatly reduces the project cost; it also overcomes the limitation that the quay crane cannot operate in the traditional mode due to the large difference in elevation between the railway track top and the front edge of the wharf.

[0054] (ii) The present invention reduces the moving distance and alignment time of the quay crane, and effectively improves the loading and unloading efficiency.

[0055] During the loading and unloading process, the quay crane does not need to move, and the railway vehicle does not need to move. The quay crane cooperates with the transfer platform and gantry crane to realize direct access to vehicles and ships. The rapid movement of the light gantry crane on the track (150-200m / min for large vehicles) and the rapid movement of the quay crane trolley (180-280m / min) work together to achieve rapid replacement of containers. The gantry crane with faster movement speed and more flexible operation replaces the large amount of longitudinal movement of the slower quay crane, effectively reducing the longitudinal movement distance and positioning time of the quay crane, and doubling the efficiency of direct container loading and unloading of railway-water intermodal vehicles and ships.

[0056] (III) The direct loading and unloading operation of vehicles and ships according to the present invention does not interfere with the loading and unloading operation of container trucks.

[0057] The container first container transfer platform and gantry crane handover operation method are adopted. The railway loading and unloading line is arranged at the rear cantilever of the quay crane parallel to the running track of the quay crane, and the highway container truck channel is arranged at the front cantilever of the quay crane. The railway loading and unloading platform and the container truck communication channel are three-dimensionally intersected, realizing the spatial independence of the railway vehicle and ship direct loading and unloading operation area and the container truck loading and unloading operation area, without interfering with each other, and without affecting the loading and unloading efficiency of goods transported by container trucks.

[0058] (iv) The present invention saves storage yard area, has a high degree of automation and reduces costs.

[0059] The present invention can realize the efficient transshipment and non-ground transportation of containers in the rail-water intermodal transport. The containers do not need to be stored in a large yard, thereby greatly saving yard area and reducing port storage and operation costs. At the same time, since the container loading and unloading operations between ships and railway vehicles can be automatically controlled, the loading and unloading efficiency is high, and the cost of container intermodal connection and transshipment is reduced.

[0060] (V) The present invention realizes the direct pickup and delivery operation of containers from trucks to ships in multimodal transport by railway, waterway and road with the port as the hub. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 A plan view of a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 A plan view of a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform provided in another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] See also Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of the present invention provides a container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform, including a port terminal with a rail-water intermodal container vehicle-ship direct pickup and transfer function and a railway loading and unloading line extending to the front of the terminal and parallel to the shoreline, and also including a first crane for loading and unloading containers on the ship at the shore and a second crane for loading and unloading containers on the railway loading and unloading line. A first container transfer platform for temporarily placing containers is provided between the first crane and the second crane, and the first container transfer platform is located in the loading and unloading area of ​​the first crane and the loading and unloading area of ​​the second crane at the same time.

[0068] In this embodiment, one or more container ships 10 can be berthed at the seaside berth 21 at the front 20 of the wharf. The container wharf is a hub for the collection and evacuation of water, rail and road container transport, and is used to berth container ships and carry out container loading and unloading operations.

[0069] The first crane may be a shore container crane (abbreviated as: quay crane 300) or a gantry crane (abbreviated as: gantry crane), which is used for loading and unloading of the container ship 10 at the port, and directly transfers the container 100 between the container ship 10 and the railway vehicle 710 and the container truck 400. The second crane may be a gantry crane 600.

[0070] The following description will be made by taking a quay crane 300 and a gantry crane 600 as examples. The quay crane of the present invention is also applicable to a gantry crane.

[0071] A railway loading and unloading platform 510 is set up at the front of the port terminal with a clearance under the bridge that meets the plane operating height of the terminal container truck. The railway loading and unloading platform 510 can be laid with one or more railway loading and unloading lines 700, and the parallel terminal front shoreline 21 longitudinally penetrates the loading and unloading area. The line is drawn from the adjacent railway station and reaches the elevated railway loading and unloading platform 510 on the land side of the port terminal in the form of a bridge. The railway loading and unloading platform 510 is located above the terminal loading and unloading platform. The railway loading and unloading platform 510 is set in the space under the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane and is arranged parallel to the running line of the quay crane. The length and number of loading and unloading lines 700 are determined according to the berth length and the volume of iron-water combined transport. The rear cantilever of the quay crane is three-dimensionally intersected with the container truck communication channels 200a, 200b, and 200c, with the railway platform on the top and the container truck communication channel 200 on the bottom.

[0072] A first container transfer platform 306 is provided at the door frame on the land side of each quay crane, for the quay crane 300 and the gantry crane 600 to transfer containers there. The number of transfer platforms matches the number of quay cranes 300. The number of containers that can be temporarily placed on the transfer platform is determined according to the bearing structure of the quay crane, the volume of rail-water combined transport, and the waiting time for transfer.

[0073] A container truck loading and unloading area and a truck lane 200 are provided under the quay crane span at the front of the wharf, leading to the container truck connecting lanes 210a and 210b in the wharf yard.

[0074] The operation arrangement of the quay crane 300 can be one quay crane corresponding to one ship for loading and unloading operations, or multiple quay cranes for loading and unloading operations on one ship; or one quay crane at multiple berths for loading and unloading operations on one ship at the same time, or multiple quay cranes at multiple berths for loading and unloading operations on one ship at the same time, or an indefinite number of quay cranes and an indefinite number of ships for loading and unloading containers at the same time.

[0075] A plurality of running channels 200 and container trucks 400 are arranged in the loading and unloading area between the two running rails 304 under the quay bridge 300, which are used to connect the container trucks 400 between the quay bridge 300 and the yard 80 (or waterway-road combined transport) for loading and unloading of ships, and to realize the direct loading and unloading operation of the container trucks of the waterway-road combined transport.

[0076] A truck lane 200d is provided on the land side of the ground (or trestle) below the railway loading and unloading platform 510. The loading and unloading range of the rear cantilever of the gantry crane 600 covers the truck lane 200d and the truck 400d, and is used to connect the vehicle 710 of the railway loading and unloading line 700 and the container truck 400 between the yard 80 (or railway-road combined transport) for railway loading and unloading of containers. The railway loading and unloading line 700 is used to park the railway vehicle 710 that transports containers. The first crane is provided with a front cantilever and a rear cantilever. The highway truck lane is arranged at the front cantilever of the quay crane. The truck lane 200d is connected to the highway truck lane through the truck liaison lane under the elevated railway loading and unloading platform to realize railway-road combined transport.

[0077] Multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can be used to park multiple trains of vehicles 710, and multiple trains of vehicles can be used for continuous operations of direct pickup of containers from vehicles and ships. One train of vehicles is performing loading and unloading operations, and another train of vehicles that has completed loading and unloading exchanges empty and loaded vehicles with the station (yard). The two loading and unloading lines 711 and 712 alternately replace empty and loaded vehicles to meet the continuous loading and unloading operations of direct pickup of containers from vehicles and ships. Multiple trains of vehicles can be used for continuous operations of direct pickup of containers from vehicles and ships, or for alternating transportation of containers entering and leaving the port.

[0078] Multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can be used to park multiple trains of vehicles 710, and multiple trains of vehicles can be used for the operation of subassembling and loading containers in the railway direction in the direct pickup operation of containers from ships and vehicles. The trains 711 and 712 of each track 701 and 702 define a transportation direction, and the vehicles 710 of different railway tracks 700 load containers of different transportation directions. After the containers unloaded from the ship by the quay crane 300 pass through the first container transfer platform 306, they are directly loaded into the vehicles 710 of the track 700 with the same transportation direction by the gantry crane 600. After the containers in the same direction are loaded into the vehicles 710 in the same track 710, they can be formed into a direct train in the same direction without being assembled at the station, and directly depart for transportation on the railway trunk line.

[0079] Multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can be used to park multiple trains of vehicles 710, and multiple trains of vehicles 710 can be used for the classification and loading of railway containers in the direct pickup operation of container ships. The trains of each track define a container type to meet different needs in railway transportation. The railway transportation requirements of dry cargo containers, bulk cargo containers, liquid containers, refrigerated containers, insulated containers, dangerous goods containers, etc. are different (for example: the refrigerator needs to be powered during the transportation of refrigerated containers). The vehicles 710 of different railway tracks 700 are loaded with different types of containers 100, and the same track is loaded with the same type of containers. After the container unloaded by the quay crane 300 passes through the first container transfer platform 306, it is directly loaded into the vehicle of the track with the same transportation type by the gantry crane 600. After the same direction container is loaded on the same track vehicle 710, it can be formed without marshaling at the station to form a direct train of the same type of container, and directly depart to enter the railway trunk line for transportation.

[0080] A longitudinally movable gantry crane 600 and a running track 604 parallel to the shoreline and running through the loading and unloading area are arranged on the railway loading and unloading platform 510 and the railway loading and unloading line 700. The gantry crane 600 is used to load and unload containers 100 of railway vehicles 710 within the loading and unloading range, and to exchange containers with the quay crane 300 through the first container transfer platform 306. The container truck 400d running through the container truck lane 200d can exchange containers with the yard 80 or the railway-road combined transport; the railway loading and unloading line in this embodiment is located under the span of the gantry crane and between the running tracks of the two gantry cranes. The width of the gantry crane is determined according to the number and spacing of the railway loading and unloading lines, and the length is determined according to the length of the loading and unloading lines; the number of cranes is determined according to the length of the loading and unloading lines and the container transportation volume. The gantry crane can load and unload containers 100 on the railway loading and unloading line 700, and can also exchange containers with the first container transfer platform 306; the gantry crane 600 is located above the railway loading and unloading platform 510 and under the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane, and the loading and unloading area covers the railway loading and unloading line and the first container transfer platform 306.

[0081] A second container transfer platform 520 is provided on the sea side of the gantry crane running track 604c on the railway loading and unloading platform 510. The width of the second container transfer platform 520 is the width of a container, and the longitudinal length is the same as the railway loading and unloading line. It is used to temporarily place containers when two gantry cranes are longitudinally transferred. The transverse moving trolley operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 partially overlaps with the transverse lifting and moving operation area of ​​the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane, and also overlaps with the moving operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 running in parallel. The operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 completely covers the railway loading and unloading line 700, and the operation area of ​​the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane partially covers the railway loading and unloading line 700 and the second container transfer platform.

[0082] Multiple gantry cranes 600 can operate on one rail line 604, and are used for multiple loading and unloading lines 700 or multiple quay cranes 300 to operate simultaneously. The lateral movement operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 partially overlaps with the movement operation area of ​​the lateral lifting sling trolley 305 of the quay crane rear cantilever 302, and also overlaps with the movement operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 running in parallel. The operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 completely covers the railway loading and unloading line 700 and the first container transfer platform 306; the operation area of ​​the quay crane rear cantilever 302 partially covers the railway loading and unloading line 700 and the first container transfer platform 306.

[0083] Multiple gantry cranes 600 can be arranged in the same running track 604. The gantry cranes 600 divide the virtual operation area according to the operation length, and the operation areas are partially overlapped. The longitudinal movement of the gantry crane 600 can serve one quay crane 300, or multiple quay cranes 300 can operate simultaneously. The lateral movement of the gantry crane can serve one railway loading and unloading line 700, or multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can operate simultaneously; multiple gantry cranes 600 can longitudinally relay containers in this area, and the relay delivery handover area is set at the second container transfer platform 520 in the overlapping operation area.

[0084] The terminal is equipped with a certain number of 400 container trucks according to the container transportation volume.

[0085] Build information systems and control systems such as port container management system and railway container management system to realize dynamic control and management of loading and unloading process. Port container management system is connected with port equipment such as gantry crane, quay crane, container truck, etc.

[0086] The present invention includes multimodal transport consisting of road container trucks and ships. Since the waterway and road combined transport and ship-to-ship direct transport operation is a mature technical process, it will not be described in detail in this article. However, a terminal can simultaneously realize the three-dimensional loading and unloading operation of ships, roads, and railways within the scope of the system composition, functions and operation process included in this technical solution.

[0087] The present invention also discloses a method for directly taking containers from a ship to a container based on a crane and a transfer platform. The process of unloading and loading a container from a ship includes the following steps:

[0088] When a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship delivers the container loading manifest to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges the container number and transportation direction information with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading manifest, and formulates a ship unloading and loading plan;

[0089] According to the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses the railway locomotive to send the empty railway vehicles to the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform;

[0090] When the arrival time of the loaded ship and the empty truck can match, the first crane grabs the container from the ship and lifts it to the rear cantilever of the first crane according to the operation plan of the port container management system, and then places it on the first container transfer platform;

[0091] The second crane grabs the container on the first container transfer platform and transports it to the railway vehicle on the railway loading and unloading line for loading. This cycle continues until the railway vehicle is full. The railway locomotive pulls the vehicle out of the railway loading and unloading line and is dispatched to the adjacent station for marshaling or directly dispatched from the loading and unloading line.

[0092] The unloading and loading process includes the following steps:

[0093] When a railway container train arrives at a port's adjacent station, it delivers the railway container train marshaling sequence and loaded container numbers to the port's railway container management system; when a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship delivers the container loading warehouse receipt to the port's container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as container numbers and transportation directions with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship's loading warehouse receipt, and formulates unloading and loading plans;

[0094] The railway container heavy vehicle train moves from the station to the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform according to the instructions issued by the railway container management system;

[0095] When the arrival times of the loaded vehicle and the empty ship match, the second crane lifts the container loaded on the railway vehicle and directly transfers it to the first container transfer platform. The first crane then lifts the container at the first container transfer platform and runs to the ship, unloading the container from the ship to complete the one-hook loading operation. After the first crane returns, the cantilever waits for the next container to continue loading. This cycle continues until the railway vehicle is unloaded and the railway locomotive pulls the empty vehicle train out of the railway loading and unloading line.

[0096] Furthermore, multiple gantry cranes operating on the same gantry crane running track are divided into two groups according to the scope of the operating area or the number of gantry cranes operating synchronously; when the loading position of the container transported by a gantry crane exceeds the planned longitudinal operating area, it is longitudinally relayed to the planned vehicle loading position by at least one gantry crane.

[0097] The steps of longitudinally handing over containers by gantry cranes include: the first gantry crane puts down the container at the corresponding second container transfer platform and leaves, the second gantry crane drives to the second container transfer platform, lifts the container, continues to drive to the planned vehicle position to load the vehicle, or drives to the corresponding second container transfer platform to put down the container and leaves, and so on, until the container is delivered to the planned vehicle position for loading.

[0098] The unloading and loading process also includes the following steps:

[0099] When the arrival time of a loaded ship and an empty truck cannot match, according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the truck on the first truck lane, and the truck drives out of the terminal along the first truck lane and the truck communication channel to the yard to unload the containers and wait; when a matching empty truck arrives, according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are loaded onto the truck on the second truck lane, and the second crane loads the containers on the truck on the second truck lane into the railway vehicles of the corresponding transportation direction;

[0100] The unloading and loading process also includes the following steps:

[0101] When the arrival time of the loaded truck and the empty ship cannot match, according to the operation plan of the port container management system, when the transportation direction of the containers loaded on the railway vehicle is different from that of the ship, the second crane will lift the containers loaded on the railway vehicle, move them and place them directly on the container trucks on the second container truck lane, and the container trucks on the second container truck lane will be transported along the second container truck lane to the terminal yard for assembly and waiting; when the matching empty ship arrives, according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard will be transported to the first container truck lane by container trucks, and the containers of the container trucks on the first container truck lane will be loaded onto the ship by the first crane, and this cycle will be repeated until the road containers are in place and the loading is completed.

[0102] Or when a matching empty ship arrives, according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are transported to the second truck lane by trucks, and the containers on the trucks on the second truck lane are sent to the first container transfer platform by the second crane. Then the first crane transports the containers on the first container transfer platform to the container ship, and the cycle continues until the road container transportation is in place and loading is completed.

[0103] According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the container trucks on the first container truck lane. The container trucks enter the road intermodal transport channel along the first container truck lane to realize water-road intermodal transport. The container trucks on the road intermodal transport channel drive into the second container truck lane. The second crane loads the containers on the container trucks on the second container truck lane into railway vehicles to realize the port's road-rail intermodal transport.

[0104] Described below are several specific embodiments of the three-dimensional continuous loading and unloading method for directly taking containers from vehicles and ships of the present invention.

[0105] Embodiment 1

[0106] The basic ship unloading and railway loading and vehicle-ship direct continuous operation process of the present invention (taking a railway loading and unloading line as an example, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 )as follows:

[0107] (1) When a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship delivers the container loading manifest to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading manifest, and formulates a ship unloading and loading plan.

[0108] (2) Empty Railway Vehicle Train According to the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses a railway locomotive to send the empty railway vehicle 710 to the railway loading and unloading line 700 on the quay crane bridge platform 510.

[0109] (3) The quay crane 300 grabs the water-rail transport container 100 from the ship 10 according to the operation plan of the port container management system and lifts it to the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane and places it on the first container transfer platform 306 .

[0110] (4) The gantry crane 600 grabs the container 100 on the first container transfer platform 306 by longitudinal movement and the trolley moves horizontally, and then moves longitudinally and horizontally to the railway vehicle 710 for loading. This cycle is repeated until the railway vehicle 710 is full, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 710 out of the railway loading and unloading line 700 to the adjacent station for marshaling and departure, or directly departs from the loading and unloading line.

[0111] The operation areas of multiple gantry cranes 600 running on the same track 604 need to be divided to prevent operation conflicts. The operation areas can be divided according to the scope of the operation area or the number of gantry cranes 600 operating synchronously. In order to achieve the longitudinal handover of containers, the longitudinal operation areas are partially overlapped. For example, the left area of ​​the rear cantilever 302a of the quay crane is undertaken by the gantry crane 600a for loading, and the right area is undertaken by the gantry crane 600b for loading and unloading operations. The two gantry cranes have overlapping operation areas in the rear cantilever 302 area of ​​the quay crane.

[0112] When the loading position of the container transported by a gantry crane 600 exceeds the planned longitudinal operation area, multiple gantry cranes can longitudinally relay and transport it to the planned vehicle loading position. For example, the container unloaded by the quay crane 300b needs to be loaded into the vehicle in the operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600d. The gantry crane 600c receives the container at the transfer platform 306b and drives to the right. It puts down the container at the second container transfer platform 520 at the longitudinal operation boundary and leaves. The gantry crane 600d drives to the second container transfer platform 520 at the overlapping operation boundary, lifts the container and continues to drive to the right to the planned vehicle position for loading.

[0113] (5) Through the electronic information collection of the container management system at the port inspection checkpoint, road container trucks and railway trains can achieve the automatic handover of cargo tickets and physical goods without stopping at the port and railway.

[0114] (6) Container ships 10a and 10b can be berthed at the front berths 21a and 21b of the wharf at the same time for loading and unloading operations. The quay cranes 300a and 300b can be used to load and unload different ships at the same time, or they can be used to load and unload one of the ships at the same time. The gantry cranes 600a, 600b, 600c, and 600d can be flexibly divided into operating areas as needed. All containers can be transferred to a single quay crane for loading, or multiple quay cranes can be used to transfer containers for loading. The ship 10, the quay crane 300, and the gantry crane 600 can be flexibly arranged and combined according to the operation plan to unload ships and load railway vehicles 710.

[0115] (7) While the quay crane 300 is unloading the ship and loading the railway, it can also unload the water-road intermodal transport container at the multimodal transport yard onto the container truck 400 on the lane 200. The container truck drives out of the front of the wharf along the road and the connecting channel 210 to the yard 80 to unload the container, or enter the road intermodal transport channel to realize water-road intermodal transport.

[0116] (8) While the quay crane 300 is unloading from the ship and loading onto the railway, it can also load the road assembly containers stored in the terminal yard 80 onto the container truck 400d in lane 200d, or the container truck for road transportation can enter the port road and drive into the connecting channel 210 at the front of the terminal to lane 200d, and the gantry crane 600 can load the containers on the container truck 400d into the railway vehicle 710, thereby realizing the port's road-rail combined transport.

[0117] Embodiment 2

[0118] The present invention is basically a continuous operation process of ship unloading and railway loading and direct taking of vehicles and ships (taking two strands of railway loading and unloading lines as an example, but not limited to two strands, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 )as follows:

[0119] The contents of this section on ship, railway container management system, port container management system and combination arrangement and matching of ship, quay crane and gantry crane are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be described again.

[0120] (1) When a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship delivers the container loading manifest to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading manifest, and formulates a ship unloading and loading plan.

[0121] (2) Empty Railway Vehicle Train According to the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses a railway locomotive to send the empty railway vehicle 711 to the railway loading and unloading line 701 on the quay crane bridge platform 510.

[0122] (3) The quay crane 300 grabs the water-rail transport container 100 from the ship 10 according to the operation plan of the port container management system and lifts it to the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane and places it on the first container transfer platform 306 .

[0123] (4) The gantry crane 600 grabs the container 100 on the first container transfer platform 306 (or 400d) by longitudinal movement and lateral displacement and then moves it to the railway vehicle 710. This cycle is repeated until the railway vehicle is full, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 710 out of the railway loading and unloading line 700 to the adjacent station for marshaling and departure, or directly departs from the loading and unloading line.

[0124] (5) During the loading process of the railway vehicle 711 on the railway loading line 701, the railway locomotive delivers an empty railway vehicle train 712 to the railway loading line 702. The gantry crane 600 moves to the first container transfer platform 306 (or 400d) to receive the container, and directly transfers it to the railway vehicle 712 on the railway loading and unloading line 702 through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. This cycle is repeated until the railway vehicle is fully loaded, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 712 out of the railway loading and unloading line 702 to the adjacent station for marshaling or directly departs from the loading and unloading line.

[0125] (6) During the loading process of railway vehicles 712 on railway loading line 702, the railway locomotive delivers a train of empty railway vehicles 711 to railway loading line 701. According to the process cycle of items (4) and (5), the continuous unloading and loading operation of the ship and the railway vehicle is realized.

[0126] (7) After all containers have been loaded onto the train, the traction locomotive will tow the train to the nearest station for marshaling or directly depart from the loading and unloading line.

[0127] Embodiment 3

[0128] The basic railway unloading ship loading vehicle ship direct operation process of the present invention (taking a railway loading and unloading line as an example, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 )as follows:

[0129] (1) When a railway container train arrives at the adjacent station of a port, it submits the railway container train marshaling sequence and the loaded container number to the port railway container management system; when a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship submits the container loading warehouse receipt to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading warehouse receipt, and formulates unloading and loading plans.

[0130] (2) Railway container heavy vehicle train According to the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses a railway locomotive to send the railway loaded container heavy vehicle 710 to the railway loading and unloading line 700 on the bridge platform 510.

[0131] (3) When the train arrives at the time that matches the ship, the gantry crane 600 lifts the container loaded on the railway vehicle 710 and directly transfers it to the first container transfer platform 306 at the door frame on the land side of the quay crane through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. The quay crane 300 continues to lift the container at the first container transfer platform, and the quay crane trolley and hoist 305 run towards the ship 10, unloading the container from the ship 10, completing the one-hook loading operation. After the quay crane trolley returns, the cantilever waits for the next container to continue loading. The gantry crane 600 cycles in this way until the railway vehicle is unloaded and the railway locomotive traction vehicle train 710 drives out of the railway loading and unloading line 700.

[0132] The operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 needs to be divided to prevent operation conflicts. The division of labor can be based on the operation scope or the number of gantry cranes 600 operating simultaneously. In order to achieve container handover, the operation area has some overlap. For example, the left area of ​​the rear cantilever 302a of the quay crane is undertaken by the gantry crane 600a for loading, and the right area is undertaken by the gantry crane 600b for loading and unloading operations. The two gantry cranes have overlapping operation areas in the longitudinal area, and the gantry crane handover platform 520 in the overlapping area continues the horizontal transportation of containers.

[0133] (4) According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the water-road combined transport truck or the internal container truck 400 drives along the road to the front of the wharf and is transported along the lane 200 to the bottom of the quay crane. The quay crane trolley lifts the loaded container on the container truck 400 and transports it to the container ship 10 for unloading. The unloading and loading of the container truck is completed.

[0134] (5) According to the operation plan of the port container management system, when the containers loaded on the railway vehicle are in a different direction from the ship transportation direction, the gantry crane 600 lifts the containers loaded on the railway vehicle 710, and directly places them on the container truck 400d on the front lane 200d of the terminal through lateral displacement, and then transports them along the lane to the terminal yard 80 for assembly and waiting through the internal container truck 400d, or enters the road transportation channel through the external container truck, thereby realizing the port terminal rail and road combined transportation.

[0135] (6) After all containers in the train are unloaded, the traction locomotive will tow the empty train to the nearest station for marshalling and then depart or depart directly from the loading and unloading line.

[0136] (7) Through electronic information collection at port inspection checkpoints, road container trucks and railway trains can complete the handover of inbound container tickets and physical goods without stopping.

[0137] (8) Container ships 10a and 10b can be berthed at the front berths 21a and 21b of the wharf at the same time for loading operations. The quay cranes 300a and 300b can load different ships at the same time, or multiple quay cranes 300 can load one ship at the same time. Gantry cranes 600a, 600b, 600c, and 600d can flexibly divide the operation area as needed. All containers can be transferred to the ship by one quay crane, or multiple quay cranes can be used to transfer containers to the ship. Ships 10, quay cranes 300, and gantry cranes 600 can be flexibly arranged and combined according to the operation plan to unload railway vehicles 710 and load ships.

[0138] Embodiment 4

[0139] The present invention is basically a continuous operation process of railway unloading and ship loading (taking two strands of railway loading and unloading lines as an example, but not limited to two strands, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 )as follows:

[0140] The contents of this section on ship, railway container management system, port container management system and combination arrangement and matching of ship, quay crane and gantry crane are the same as those in the aforementioned Section 3 and will not be described again.

[0141] (1) When a railway container train arrives at the adjacent station of a port, it submits the railway container train marshaling sequence and the loaded container numbers to the port railway container management system; when a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship submits the container loading manifest to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading manifest, and formulates unloading and loading plans.

[0142] (2) Railway container heavy vehicle train According to the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses a railway locomotive to send the railway vehicle 711 to the railway loading and unloading line 701 on the bridge platform 510.

[0143] (3) The gantry crane 600 moves to the railway vehicle 711 on the railway loading and unloading line 701, lifts the container, and directly transfers it to the first container transfer platform 306 at the door frame on the land side of the quay crane through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. The quay crane 300 continues to lift the container at the first container transfer platform and transports it to the container ship 10. This cycle is repeated until the railway vehicle is unloaded, and the railway locomotive pulls the empty vehicle train 711 out of the railway loading and unloading line 701.

[0144] (4) The waterway-road combined transport truck or internal truck 400 drives along the road to the front of the wharf and is transported along the lane 200 to the quay crane. The quay crane trolley lifts the loaded container on the truck 400 and transports it to the container ship 10 for unloading. This cycle is repeated until the road container is transported to the destination and loaded on the ship.

[0145] The railway-road combined transport container truck or the empty internal container truck 400d drives along the road into the lane 200d at the front of the wharf, and the gantry crane 600 unloads the containers currently not loaded on the railway vehicle 710 to the container truck 400d. The containers that need to be assembled at the port are transported to the rear yard 80, and the containers that need to enter the road transportation are transported by the container truck 400d through the port inspection checkpoint to enter the social road transportation, thus realizing railway-road combined transport.

[0146] (5) During the unloading process of the railway vehicle 711 on the railway loading line 701, the railway locomotive sends a train of railway vehicles 712 loaded with heavy vehicles to the railway loading and unloading line 702. The gantry crane 600 runs to the railway vehicle 712 on the railway loading and unloading line 702 to lift the container, and directly transfers it to the first container transfer platform 306 at the door frame on the land side of the quay crane through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. The quay crane trolley lifts the container at the quay crane transfer platform and transports it to the container ship 10, unloads the container, and returns to the quay crane to cantilever and wait for subsequent containers. This cycle is repeated until all the railway vehicles 712 on the railway loading and unloading line 702 are unloaded, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 712 to drive out of the railway loading and unloading line 702 empty.

[0147] (6) During the unloading process of the railway vehicle 712 on the railway loading and unloading line 702, the railway locomotive delivers a train of heavy railway vehicles 711 to the railway loading line 701. According to the process cycle of items (4) and (5), the continuous vehicle-to-ship direct loading and unloading operation of the ship and the railway vehicle is realized.

[0148] (7) After the loading and unloading of containers on the entire train is completed, the traction locomotive will tow the empty train to the nearest station for marshaling and then depart or depart directly from the loading and unloading line.

[0149] Embodiment 5

[0150] The operating method of the parallel gantry crane of the present invention (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 )as follows:

[0151] The operation mode is the same as the basic ship unloading railway loading and unloading continuous operation process (taking two railway loading and unloading lines as an example, but not limited to two, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), the difference is that more ships and quay cranes can operate at the same time.

[0152] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2In the operation process, when there are multiple ships and multiple quay cranes operating at the same time, the number of gantry cranes and railway loading and unloading lines cannot meet the operation requirements, and the gantry cranes may conflict with each other in the target path of container transportation. In order to undertake the simultaneous loading and unloading operations of multiple ships and multiple quay cranes, in addition to the optimization of information systems and control systems, sufficient gantry cranes and railway loading and unloading lines are also required. Figure 3 , Figure 4 Gantry cranes 600e, 600f, 600g and 600h are added, and two railway loading and unloading lines 703 and 704 are added, which are arranged outside the first railway line bundle and outside the cantilever range of the quay crane rear, and the layout form is the same as the first line bundle.

[0153] The process of unloading and loading ships in the simultaneous operation of the present invention is as follows:

[0154] The ship 10a is unloaded by the quay crane 300a, and the gantry cranes 600a, 600b, 600c, and 600d continuously load the railway vehicles 711 and 712 at the railway loading and unloading lines 701 and 702. The loading process is the same as the basic ship unloading and railway loading and ship direct continuous operation process (taking two-line railway loading and unloading lines as an example, but not limited to two lines, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) is the same. It’s just that the ship, quay crane, gantry crane and railway loading and unloading line are another group of equipment, but the process is the same.

[0155] (1) When a container transport ship arrives at a designated port berth, the transport ship delivers the container loading warehouse receipt to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading warehouse receipt, and formulates a plan for unloading and loading.

[0156] (2) Empty Railway Container Carriage Based on the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses a railway locomotive to deliver the empty railway car 711 to the railway loading and unloading line 701 on the quay crane railway loading and unloading platform 510.

[0157] (3) The quay crane 300 grabs the water-rail transport container 100 from the ship 10 according to the operation plan of the port container management system, lifts it to the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane, and unloads it to the first container transfer platform 306.

[0158] (4) The gantry crane 600 directly transfers the container 100 at the first container transfer platform 306 (or the container truck 400d) to the railway vehicle 711 on the railway loading and unloading line 701 through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. This cycle is repeated until the railway vehicle is full, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 711 out of the railway loading and unloading line 701 and is dispatched to the adjacent station for marshaling or directly dispatched from the loading and unloading line.

[0159] (5) During the loading process of the railway vehicle 711 on the railway loading line 701, the railway locomotive delivers an empty railway vehicle 712 to the railway loading line 702. The gantry crane 600 runs to the delivery position at the quay crane handover platform, and directly transfers the empty railway vehicle 712 to the railway loading and unloading line 702 through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. This cycle is repeated until the railway vehicle is fully loaded, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 712 out of the railway loading and unloading line 702 to the adjacent station for marshaling or directly departs from the loading and unloading line.

[0160] (6) During the loading process of railway vehicles 712 on railway loading line 702, the railway locomotive delivers a train of empty railway vehicles 711 to railway loading line 701. According to the process cycle of items (4) and (5), the continuous unloading and loading operation of the ship and the railway vehicle is realized.

[0161] (7) After all containers have been loaded onto the train, the traction locomotive will tow the train to the nearest station for marshaling or directly depart from the loading and unloading line.

[0162] (8) The operation combination of the above-mentioned operation and unloading equipment gantry cranes 600a~600d, railway loading and unloading lines 701~704, railway vehicles 711~714, and quay cranes 300a and 300b is not limited, and the port container management system dispatches the operation process of each equipment according to the optimal path planning.

[0163] The process of unloading and loading a ship in the simultaneous operation of the present invention is as follows:

[0164] The ship 10b is loaded by the quay crane 300b, and the gantry cranes 600e, 600f, 600g, and 600h continuously unload the railway vehicles 713 and 714 at the railway loading and unloading lines 703 and 704. The unloading process is the same as the basic railway unloading and ship loading and unloading continuous operation process (taking two railway loading and unloading lines as an example, but not limited to two, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) is the same. It’s just that the ship, quay crane, gantry crane and railway loading and unloading line are another group of equipment, but the process is the same.

[0165] (1) When a container transport ship arrives at a designated port berth, the transport ship delivers the container loading warehouse receipt to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading warehouse receipt, and formulates unloading and loading plans.

[0166] (2) Railway container heavy vehicle train According to the instructions issued by the railway container management system, the station uses a railway locomotive to send the railway vehicle 713 heavy vehicle to the railway loading and unloading line 703 on the bridge platform 510.

[0167] (3) The gantry cranes 600e-600h move to the railway vehicle 713 on the railway loading and unloading line 703 to lift the container, and directly transfer it to the first container transfer platform 306 (or the container truck 400d) through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. The quay crane trolley lifts the container at the first container transfer platform 306 and transports it to the container ship 10b. This cycle continues until the railway vehicle is unloaded, and the railway locomotive pulls the empty vehicle train 713 out of the railway loading and unloading line 703.

[0168] (4) The water-road combined transport truck or internal truck 400 drives along the road to the front of the wharf and transports the container to the quay crane along the lane 200. The quay crane trolley lifts the loaded container on the truck 400 and transports it to the container ship 10b for unloading. This cycle continues until the road container is transported to the destination and loaded on the ship.

[0169] The railway-road combined transport container truck or the empty internal container truck 400d drives along the road into the lane 200d at the front of the wharf, and the gantry crane 600 unloads the containers currently not loaded on the railway vehicle 710 to the container truck 400d, and the containers that need to be assembled at the port are transported to the rear yard 80; the containers that need to enter the road transportation are transported by the container truck 400d through the port inspection checkpoint to enter the social road transportation, realizing railway-road combined transport.

[0170] (5) During the unloading process of the railway vehicle 713 on the railway loading line 703, the railway locomotive sends a train of railway vehicles 714 loaded with heavy vehicles to the railway loading and unloading line 704. The gantry cranes 600e-600h run to the railway vehicle 714 on the railway loading and unloading line 704 to lift the container, and directly transfer it to the quay crane transfer platform 306 (or container truck 400d) through longitudinal movement and lateral displacement. The quay crane trolley lifts the container at the first container transfer platform 306 and transports it to the container ship 10b, unloads the container, and returns to the quay crane to cantilever and wait for subsequent containers. This cycle is repeated until all the railway vehicles 714 on the railway loading and unloading line 704 are unloaded, and the railway locomotive pulls the vehicle train 714 to drive out of the railway loading and unloading line 704 empty.

[0171] (6) During the unloading process of the railway vehicle 714 on the railway loading and unloading line 704, the railway locomotive delivers a train of heavy railway vehicles 713 to the railway loading line 703. According to the process cycle of items (4) and (5), the continuous vehicle-to-ship direct loading and unloading operation of the ship and the railway vehicle is realized.

[0172] (7) After the loading and unloading of containers on the entire train is completed, the traction locomotive will tow the empty train to the nearest station for marshaling and then depart or depart directly from the loading and unloading line.

[0173] (8) The operation combination of the above-mentioned operation and unloading equipment gantry cranes 600a~600h, railway loading and unloading lines 701~704, railway vehicles 711~714, and quay cranes 300a and 300b is not limited, and the port container management system dispatches the operation process of each equipment according to the optimal path planning.

[0174] The present invention relates to a combination process for simultaneous loading and unloading between a quay crane and a gantry crane (see Figure 3 , Figure 4 )as follows:

[0175] (1) When a railway container train arrives at the adjacent station of a port, it submits the railway container train marshaling sequence and the loaded container number to the port railway container management system; when a container transport ship arrives at a designated port terminal berth, the transport ship submits the container loading warehouse receipt to the port container management system. The port container management system exchanges information such as the container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the container transportation destination of the ship loading warehouse receipt, and formulates plans for unloading and loading, and unloading and loading.

[0176] (2) Gantry cranes 600a-600h continuously unload vehicles at railway loading and unloading lines 701-704 and vehicles 711-714 simultaneously, and cooperate with quay cranes 300a and 300b to continuously load ships 10a and 10b simultaneously. The port container management system dispatches the gantry crane 600 operation process according to the optimal path planning based on the unloading and loading plan and the direction of the container.

[0177] (3) The quay cranes 300a and 300b unload the ships 10a and 10b simultaneously, and the gantry cranes 600a-600h cooperate with the railway loading and unloading lines 701-704 and the vehicles 711-714 to continuously load the containers. Alternatively, the port container management system dispatches the gantry crane 600 according to the optimal path planning based on the unloading and loading plan and the container transportation direction.

[0178] (4) Gantry cranes 600a, 600b, 600e, and 600f simultaneously unload vehicles on the left side of the railway loading and unloading lines 701-704 and the left side of vehicles 711-714, and cooperate with the quay crane 300a to load the ship 10a.

[0179] Gantry cranes 600c, 600d, 600g, and 600h simultaneously unload vehicles continuously on the right side of the railway loading and unloading lines 701-704 and the right side of vehicles 711-714, and cooperate with the quay crane 300b to load the ship 10b.

[0180] (5) The quay crane 300a unloads the ship 10a, and the gantry cranes 600a, 600b, 600e, and 600f continuously load vehicles on the left side of the railway loading and unloading lines 701-704 and the left side of the vehicles 711-714 at the same time.

[0181] The quay crane 300b unloads the ship 10b, and the gantry cranes 600c, 600d, 600g, and 600h continuously load vehicles on the right side of the railway loading and unloading lines 701-704 and the right side of the vehicles 711-714 at the same time.

[0182] According to the unloading and loading plan and the direction of the container, the port container management system dispatches and mobilizes the operation process of each gantry crane 600a~600h and quay crane 300a, 300b according to the optimal path planning.

[0183] The system of the present invention can meet the existing container truck operation system process and implement the direct vehicle-ship operation process of rail-water transport. The water-road transport, rail-water transport, and rail-road transport processes of the present invention can be carried out simultaneously as needed. It overcomes the height difference between the port loading and unloading operation platform and the railway loading and unloading operation platform, solves the problem of long longitudinal reciprocating travel distance between railway vehicles and ships, and low loading and unloading efficiency, and greatly improves the operation efficiency. With the support of the transportation information system, a truly efficient and seamless connection of rail-water transport is achieved. The three-dimensional intersection of the railway loading and unloading line platform and the container truck lane solves the problem of the intersection and mutual interference between the plane of the railway loading and unloading line at the front of the dock and the container truck communication channel.

[0184] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform, comprising a port terminal and a first crane for loading and unloading containers on a ship at the shore, Features: It also includes a railway container management system, a port container management system, and an elevated railway loading and unloading platform located on the land side of the first crane, wherein at least one railway loading and unloading line parallel to the shoreline is laid on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform, and the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform extends to an adjacent railway station and is led out from the adjacent railway station; The elevated railway loading and unloading platform is provided with a second crane for loading and unloading containers on the railway loading and unloading line, and a first container transfer platform for temporarily placing containers is provided between the first crane and the second crane, and the first container transfer platform is located at both the loading and unloading area of ​​the first crane and the loading and unloading area of ​​the second crane; the first container transfer platform is located at the loading and unloading range of the rear cantilever of the first crane and the loading and unloading range of the front cantilever of the second crane; It also includes a wharf yard and a container truck, the railway loading and unloading line is located between the wharf yard and the running track of the first crane, a first container truck lane is provided in the loading and unloading area of ​​the first crane below the first crane, the first container truck lane is connected to the yard lane or the road transport channel, and is used to realize the container truck loading and unloading operation between the ship and the wharf yard or the road transport channel; the first container truck lane is connected to the yard lane through a container truck communication channel, and the elevated railway loading and unloading platform and the container truck communication channel are three-dimensionally intersected; A second container truck lane is provided below the second crane in the loading and unloading area of ​​the second crane, for realizing container truck loading and unloading operations between vehicles of the railway loading and unloading line and the terminal yard or road transport channel; According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the container trucks on the first container truck lane. The container trucks drive out of the terminal along the first container truck lane and the container truck communication channel to the yard to unload the containers and gather and wait; according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are loaded onto the container trucks on the second container truck lane. The containers on the container trucks on the second container truck lane are loaded into the railway vehicles of the corresponding transportation direction by the second crane; According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the second crane lifts the containers loaded on the railway vehicle, moves them and places them directly on the container trucks on the second container truck lane. The container trucks on the second container truck lane are transported along the second container truck lane to the terminal yard for assembly and waiting; according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are transported to the first container truck lane by container trucks, and the containers of the container trucks on the first container truck lane are loaded onto the ship by the first crane.

2. The system according to claim 1, Features: The first container transfer platform is arranged on the land side gantry of the first crane.

3. The system according to claim 1, Features: A first crane running track parallel to the shoreline is provided on the shore at the front of the wharf, the first crane running track is located between the elevated railway loading and unloading platform and the front berth, and at least one first crane is supported on the first crane running track; a second crane running track parallel to the shoreline is provided on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform on the land side of the first crane at the front of the wharf, at least one second crane is supported on the second crane running track, and the railway loading and unloading line is located below the second crane.

4. The system according to claim 3, Features: At least two second cranes are arranged longitudinally and spaced apart on the second crane running track, and a second container transfer platform is provided beside the second crane running track for temporarily placing containers when two second cranes are longitudinally transferred; The second container transfer platform is located on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform.

5. A method for directly taking containers from a vehicle or ship based on a crane and a transfer platform. It is characterized in that A container vehicle-ship direct pickup operation system based on a crane and a transfer platform as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is adopted; The process of unloading and loading a ship includes the following steps: The empty railway car moves from the station to the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform according to the instructions issued by the railway container management system; According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane grabs the container from the ship and lifts it to the rear cantilever of the first crane and then places it on the first container transfer platform; The second crane grabs the container on the first container transfer platform and transports it to the railway vehicle on the railway loading and unloading line for loading, and repeats this cycle until the railway vehicle is full, and controls the railway vehicle to drive out of the railway loading and unloading line; The unloading and loading process includes the following steps: The railway container heavy vehicle train moves from the station to the railway loading and unloading line on the elevated railway loading and unloading platform according to the instructions issued by the railway container management system; The second crane lifts the container loaded on the railway vehicle and directly transfers it to the first container transfer platform. The first crane continues to lift the container at the first container transfer platform and moves to the ship to unload the container on the ship, completing the one-hook loading operation. After the first crane returns, the cantilever waits for the next container to continue loading. This cycle continues until the railway vehicle is unloaded and the railway vehicle is controlled to drive out of the railway loading and unloading line. The unloading and loading process also includes the following steps: According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the container trucks on the first container truck lane. The container trucks drive out of the terminal along the first container truck lane and the container truck communication channel to the yard to unload the containers and gather and wait; according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are loaded onto the container trucks on the second container truck lane. The containers on the container trucks on the second container truck lane are loaded into the railway vehicles of the corresponding transportation direction by the second crane; The unloading and loading process also includes the following steps: According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the second crane lifts the containers loaded on the railway vehicle, moves them and places them directly on the container trucks on the second container truck lane. The container trucks on the second container truck lane are transported along the second container truck lane to the terminal yard for assembly and waiting; according to the operation plan of the port container management system, the containers stored in the terminal yard are transported to the first container truck lane by container trucks, and the containers of the container trucks on the first container truck lane are loaded onto the ship by the first crane.

6. The method according to claim 5, Features: Multiple second cranes running on the same second crane running track are divided into two groups according to the scope of the operating area or the number of second cranes operating synchronously; when the required longitudinal running range of the container exceeds the longitudinal operating area set by a second crane, it is longitudinally relayed to the planned location by at least one second crane.

7. The method according to claim 5, Features: According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the ship onto the container trucks on the first container truck lane, and the container trucks enter the highway intermodal transport channel along the first container truck lane. The container trucks on the highway intermodal transport channel drive into the first container truck lane, and the first crane unloads the containers loaded on the container trucks onto the ship, thus realizing waterway and highway intermodal transport. According to the operation plan of the port container management system, the container trucks in the highway intermodal transport channel drive into the second container truck lane, and the containers on the container trucks in the second container truck lane are loaded into railway vehicles through the second crane, and the second crane unloads the containers loaded on the railway vehicles onto the container trucks in the second container truck lane. The container trucks enter the highway intermodal transport channel along the second container truck lane, realizing the port's highway-railway intermodal transport.

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