Antenna, debugging method thereof, external antenna structure and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to antennas, debugging methods thereof, external antenna structures, and drones. The antenna comprises: a substrate having at least one flat substrate surface; a first radiating portion arranged on the substrate surface, the first radiating portion comprising: a first vibrator and a second vibrator facing opposite directions; the first vibrator and the second vibrator comprising: a vibrator body composed of a plurality of enclosure structures; wherein at least a portion of the adjacent enclosure structures overlap to form a connected vibrator body; one or more of the enclosure structures constituting the vibrator body are provided with openings so that the vibrator body forms a curved serpentine structure. The antenna adopts reasonable wiring and structural design, and can meet the use requirements of multi-band antennas on a substrate with a relatively small volume. Moreover, it has a wiring method that makes the antenna debugging process simpler and faster.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna structures, and in particular to an antenna, a debugging method thereof, an external antenna structure and a drone. [Background technology]

[0002] Antennas are key components for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave wireless signals. Their performance has a significant impact on devices such as drones that require long-distance wireless data transmission. With the continuous development of society, more and more frequency bands are used in wireless transmission, and the demand for multi-band antennas is increasing.

[0003] When the frequencies of multiple antenna bands are relatively close, it is often necessary to use antennas with complex structural designs to meet usage needs.

[0004] However, these antennas with complex structural designs are difficult to apply to small products such as drones and remote controls that are sensitive to size and structure. Moreover, it also increases the difficulty and time required for antenna debugging. [Summary of the invention]

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention aim to provide an antenna, a debugging method thereof, an external antenna structure and a drone, which can solve the defects of existing multi-frequency antennas.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution: an antenna. The antenna comprises:

[0007] a substrate having at least one planar substrate surface;

[0008] A first radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate, the first radiating portion comprising: a first oscillator and a second oscillator facing opposite directions;

[0009] The first vibrator and the second vibrator include: a vibrator body composed of a plurality of enclosed structures;

[0010] At least a part of the adjacent enclosed structures overlap to form a connected vibrator body; one or more of the enclosed structures constituting the vibrator body are provided with openings so that the vibrator body forms a curved serpentine structure.

[0011] Optionally, the enclosed structure is a rectangle consisting of a pair of long sides and a pair of wide sides, and the long sides of two adjacent enclosed structures overlap.

[0012] Optionally, the first vibrator and the second vibrator further include:

[0013] a connecting portion connecting the vibrator body and the feeder; and a vibrator tail end formed by the vibrator body being gathered at the end away from the connecting portion.

[0014] Optionally, the vibrator bodies of the first vibrator and the second vibrator are symmetrically distributed; the vibrator tail end of the first vibrator is arc-shaped; and the vibrator tail end of the second vibrator is square.

[0015] Optionally, an enclosure structure adjacent to the tail end of the first vibrator is provided with an opening facing the inner side of the substrate.

[0016] Optionally, the antenna further comprises: a second radiating portion arranged on the surface of the substrate;

[0017] The second radiating portion includes: a third oscillator and a fourth oscillator facing in opposite directions;

[0018] The third vibrator and the fourth vibrator include: a vibrating body with bending parts at both ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bending parts by a predetermined length; the ends of the vibrating arms have extension parts extending in the width direction to form a flag-shaped structure with the vibrating arms.

[0019] Optionally, the antenna also includes: a third radiating portion arranged on the surface of the substrate; the third radiating portion includes: a fifth vibrator and a sixth vibrator facing oppositely; the fifth vibrator and the sixth vibrator include: a vibrating body with bending portions at both ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending a predetermined length from the bending portions.

[0020] Optionally, the vibrating body of the third vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator; and the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the sixth vibrator.

[0021] Optionally, the total length of the first vibrator is between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the low-frequency resonance wavelength; the total length of the vibrator body and the vibrator arm of the third vibrator is between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the medium-frequency resonance wavelength; the total length of the vibrator body and the vibrator arm of the fifth vibrator is between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the high-frequency resonance wavelength.

[0022] Optionally, the first dipole, the third dipole and the fifth dipole are front dipoles facing in a direction opposite to the extension direction of the feeder, and the second dipole, the fourth dipole and the sixth dipole are rear dipoles facing in a direction identical to the extension direction of the feeder;

[0023] The front oscillator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear oscillator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line.

[0024] Optionally, the frequency band corresponding to the first radiating portion is 900 MHz, the frequency band corresponding to the second radiating portion is 2.4 GHz, and the frequency band corresponding to the third radiating portion is 5.8 GHz.

[0025] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention also provides the following technical solution: an antenna debugging method. The antenna debugging method is applied to the antenna as described above. The method comprises:

[0026] The total length of the first vibrator and / or the second vibrator is changed by adjusting the number of enclosure structures with openings among the plurality of enclosure structures constituting the vibrator body.

[0027] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention also provides the following technical solution: an external antenna structure. The external antenna structure includes:

[0028] The antenna as described above; an antenna shell wrapped around the antenna; a pin disposed at one end of the antenna shell; and a connector serving as a fixing seat for the pin, wherein the antenna shell can rotate around the pin relative to the connector.

[0029] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention also provides the following technical solution: an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises: a fuselage, on which a plurality of propellers are arranged; a motor, mounted on the fuselage, for driving the propellers to rotate and providing flight power for the unmanned aerial vehicle; and the antenna as described above, mounted on the fuselage.

[0030] The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention adopts reasonable wiring and structural design, and can meet the use requirements of multi-band antennas on a small substrate. Moreover, through the unique wiring method, the antenna debugging process is simpler and faster, effectively saving the time of antenna debugging.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third vibrator and a fifth vibrator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second vibrator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the S parameters of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5The directional diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the low frequency band;

[0037] Figure 6 The directional diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the mid-frequency band;

[0038] Figure 7 The directional diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the high frequency band;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an external antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. [Specific implementation method]

[0040] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom" etc. used in this specification is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in this specification and in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0042] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the antenna mainly includes a substrate 10 as the antenna structure foundation or base, a radiating part (21, 22, 23) arranged on the surface of the substrate and composed of a plurality of oscillators with specific structural shapes, and a feed line 30 connected to the oscillators to form a feeding point and a grounding point.

[0044] The substrate may be a non-conductive structure made of any type of material (such as plastic, foam) and having a specific shape (such as a long rectangle). It has a relatively flat shape to form a flat substrate surface.

[0045] The "radiating part" refers to the resonant unit used to receive or transmit wireless signals of a specific frequency band, and is the core of the entire antenna system. It can usually be composed of one or more identical or different oscillators with a specific shape or structure, corresponding to wireless signals of a specific frequency band.

[0046] The vibrator constituting the radiation part can be a conductor with a specific length fixed on the surface of the substrate 10 in any suitable form (such as a patch type or a similar copper foil arranged on the surface of the PCB board). It receives or transmits wireless signals through the principle of electromagnetic induction. In this embodiment, the antenna can be provided with a first radiation part 21, a second radiation part 22 and a third radiation part 23, a total of three radiation parts, corresponding to wireless signals of different frequency bands respectively.

[0047] Among them, the first radiating part 21 can correspond to a low-frequency band signal, the second radiating part 22 can correspond to a mid-frequency band signal, and the third radiating part 23 can correspond to a high-frequency band signal (such as a 5G full-frequency band). Of course, the "low-frequency band", "mid-frequency band" and "high-frequency band" are only used to indicate the relative frequency band height, and are not used to limit specific frequency bands, which can be determined according to the actual use needs.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first radiating portion 21 includes a first oscillator 211 and a second oscillator 212 .

[0049] The first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 are oriented in opposite directions and are symmetrically arranged along the substrate. In this embodiment, they can be respectively referred to as the "front vibrator" and the "rear vibrator". Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the first dipole 211 is closer to the antenna root (i.e., the extension direction of the feeder) and is located at a relatively rearward position relative to the second dipole 212. Therefore, the first dipole 211 can be called a "rear dipole" and the second dipole 212 can be called a "front dipole".

[0050] The main parts of the first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 have substantially the same structural shape. Figure 1 As shown, it can be considered to be composed of n enclosure structures. The "enclosed structure" refers to a structure formed by the complete edge A1 (the oblique line filling part). It can be selected to adopt any type of shape or size according to the actual needs, such as a rectangle with a specific length-to-width ratio.

[0051] On the one hand, two adjacent enclosure structures overlap in part, forming a vibrator body connected from the first enclosure structure to the last enclosure structure. That is, a part of the edges between adjacent enclosure structures overlap, or are shared.

[0052] On the other hand, a portion of the enclosure structure constituting the vibrator body is provided with or opened with an opening A2. The "opening" refers to a notch provided at the edge of the enclosure structure or a discontinuous portion where a break occurs.

[0053] Based on the arrangement of these openings, the vibrator body can be bent multiple times at different angles within a limited area, so as to fully utilize the space on the surface of the substrate to form a Figure 1 The curved serpentine structure shown or a similar shape has multiple bends.

[0054] The curved serpentine structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention can arrange a long vibrator in a limited space, which is conducive to reducing the loss of energy transmission. Moreover, the design of the enclosed structure can also conveniently change or adjust the effective length of the vibrator by adjusting the number of openings, which is conducive to improving the antenna debugging efficiency and shortening the debugging time.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first oscillator 211 and the second oscillator 212 may have similar or close structures and are symmetrically distributed along the horizontal axis of the substrate 10. Preferably, the specific structural shape of the first oscillator 211 and the second oscillator 212 may be slightly adjusted to correct the signal coverage or improve the antenna performance, for example Figure 1 As shown, the tail end of the first vibrator 211 may be terminated in an arc shape, and the tail end of the second vibrator 212 may be terminated in a square shape, and the cooperation between the two can play a role in correcting the signal coverage.

[0056] Among them, "arc shape" means that the edge of the end of the vibrator is composed of an arc with a certain curvature. And "square" refers to a structure with convex corners, which is opposite to the smooth arc shape. For example, the edge of the end of the vibrator can be composed of straight lines that are perpendicular to each other.

[0057] Please continue reading Figure 1 The second radiating portion 22 may include: a pair of a third oscillator 221 and a fourth oscillator 222 facing in opposite directions.

[0058] The third vibrator 221 and the fourth vibrator 222 generally adopt a structure similar to a half-open shape, and are also symmetrically distributed along the horizontal axis of the substrate 10 (ie, the width direction of the substrate 10 ).

[0059] For simplicity, the third vibrator 221 is taken as an example to describe in detail the specific shape and structure of the vibrator used in the second radiating portion 22. Of course, the fourth vibrator 222 can adopt a structure that is substantially the same or similar to the third vibrator 221, and can also be adjusted accordingly based on the third vibrator 221.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the third vibrator 221 includes: a vibrating body 221a, a vibrating arm 221b and an extension portion 221c. The vibrating body 221a may be a structure extending along the horizontal axis of the base for a certain length. Its two ends are bending portions with a certain bending angle (such as 90° or a larger or smaller angle).

[0061] The arm 221b is formed by extending a predetermined length along a straight line or in other forms (such as a serpentine shape) by the bending portion, thereby forming a semi-open shape. The predetermined length is determined according to the signal requirements of the radiating portion or the antenna, and can be set by a technician according to actual conditions.

[0062] The extension part 221c is located at the end of the vibration arm 221b, and is an enlarged part extending to a certain extent in the width direction (i.e., the horizontal axis direction of the base body). The extension part 221c can be in any shape or size (such as Figure 1 The trapezoidal shape shown in FIG. 21 transitions from the swing arm 221b to the extension portion 221c.

[0063] The extension part 221c has a larger width than the swing arm 221b to occupy a larger area. Thus, the extension part 221c and the swing arm 221b can form a flag-like structure, with the swing arm 221b serving as a "flagpole" and the extension part 221c serving as a "flag" unfolded on the flagpole.

[0064] In some other embodiments, the third radiating portion 23 may include: a pair of a fifth oscillator 231 and a sixth oscillator 232 facing in opposite directions.

[0065] The fifth vibrator 231 and the sixth vibrator 232 may also be in the shape of a half-open vibrator, and may be symmetrically distributed along the horizontal axis of the substrate 10, with the openings of the vibrators facing opposite directions.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the fifth oscillator 231 is similar to the second radiating portion, and includes two oscillating bodies 231a with bent portions at the ends and a pair of oscillating arms 231b formed by extending the bent portions by a predetermined length. However, the ends of the oscillating arms 231b are not provided with additional extension portions but maintain a similar oscillating arm width, thereby forming a semi-open oscillator shape similar to a "U-shape".

[0067] Specifically, the third vibrator 221 and the fifth vibrator 231 may share a portion of the vibrating body. The fourth vibrator 222 and the sixth vibrator 232, which are symmetrically designed, also share a portion of the vibrating body. For simplicity of description, the third vibrator 221 and the fifth vibrator 231 are used as an example for description:

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the vibrating body 231a of the fifth vibrator 231 can extend upward at a certain distance from the bent portion to form the vibrating arm 221b of the third vibrator 221 and the extension portion 221c at the end of the vibrating arm 221b. The bent portion at the end of the vibrating body 231a extends upward to form the vibrating arm 231b. In other words, the vibrating body 231a can extend two pairs of vibrating arms (221b, 231b) upward at different positions to form the third vibrator 221 and the fifth vibrator 231, respectively.

[0069] Therefore, the vibrating body 221a of the third vibrator 221 is actually a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator 231 (ie, a part of the two vibrators overlap). Similarly, the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator 222 is also a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator.

[0070] The feeder 30 is a signal transmission path connecting the "radiating part" with other signal processing systems. It usually has good shielding and signal transmission performance to prevent the wireless signal received or transmitted by the "radiating part" from being adversely interfered during the transmission process. It can specifically use any suitable type of wire, such as a coaxial line.

[0071] Specifically, when the coaxial line is used as a feeder, the first oscillator 211, the third oscillator 221 and the fifth oscillator 231 serve as rear oscillators and can be electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line. The second oscillator 212, the fourth oscillator 222 and the sixth oscillator 232 serve as front oscillators and are electrically connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line to form corresponding feeding points and grounding points.

[0072] In other embodiments, based on the differences in signal frequency bands corresponding to different radiating parts, it is also necessary to control the size and length of the oscillator to ensure that the use requirements of the antenna are met.

[0073] Specifically, the total length (i.e., effective length) of the first vibrator 211 using a serpentine line needs to be controlled between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the low-frequency resonance wavelength. The total length (the total length of the vibrator body and the vibrator arm or the effective length) of the third vibrator 231 using a flag-shaped vibrator shape needs to be controlled between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the intermediate-frequency resonance wavelength. The total length (the total length of the vibrator body and the vibrator arm or the effective length) of the fifth vibrator 231 using a "U"-shaped vibrator shape needs to be controlled between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the high-frequency resonance wavelength.

[0074] It should be noted that Figure 1The antenna shown is only for illustrative purposes. Those skilled in the art may add, adjust, replace or omit one or more functional components according to actual needs, without limitation. Figure 1 shown. Figure 1 The technical features involved in the embodiments of the antenna shown can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other, and can be applied independently in different embodiments as long as they do not depend on each other.

[0075] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second vibrator 212 (rear vibrator) provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the enclosure structure used by the second vibrator can be a rectangle with predetermined length and width dimensions.

[0076] The sides or edges of the rectangle are conductors with a certain width, and the interior surrounded by the rectangular enclosure structure is non-conductive. Such an enclosure structure can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, on a non-conductive substrate, by arranging Figure 3 This is achieved by routing copper traces along the edges of the rectangle shown.

[0077] Two adjacent rectangular enclosure structures share a long side (i.e., the long sides overlap), so that the entire vibrator body is connected. In this embodiment, for simplicity, the side where the length of the rectangle is located in the rectangular enclosure structure is called the "long side", and the side where the width of the rectangle is located is called the "wide side".

[0078] The openings of the rectangular enclosure structure are arranged on the side where the width of the rectangle is located, and the openings of adjacent rectangular enclosure structures can be arranged in a staggered manner. For example, the opening of the nth rectangular enclosure structure is opened on the wide side located near the inner side of the substrate, and the opening of the n+1th rectangular enclosure structure is located on the wide side located near the outer side of the substrate. Such a staggered arrangement can form a serpentine structure with multiple bends.

[0079] In the actual implementation process, a “snake-shaped line” or similar routing method can be used to set a microstrip line corresponding to the edge of the above rectangular enclosure structure on the surface of the substrate to form the vibrator body.

[0080] Please continue reading Figure 3 In some embodiments, the second vibrator 212 may include, in addition to the vibrator body 212a, a connecting portion 212b and a vibrator tail end 212c.

[0081] The connecting portion 212b is connected to the head of the vibrator body 212a, and is used to connect the vibrator body 211a and the feeder line 30 to form a corresponding feeding point. It can be any form of connecting line or other conductive structure.

[0082] The vibrator tail end 212c is a tail portion formed by the vibrator body being gathered at the end away from the connecting portion. Based on different actual needs, the vibrator tail end 212c may have a corresponding shape, structure or size. Figure 1 As shown, one of the vibrators has an arc-shaped tail end, and the other vibrator has a square tail end.

[0083] Preferably, the second oscillator 212 may be additionally provided with different structures to improve the performance of the antenna. In the process of implementing the present application, it is surprisingly found that the signal coverage of the first radiating portion can be improved and corrected by providing a specific opening at the portion of the first oscillator 212 near the tail end of the oscillator.

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific opening 212d is specifically an opening disposed on the enclosure structure adjacent to the tail end of the vibrator, and is opened toward the inner side of the substrate.

[0085] Compared with an antenna without the specific opening 211d, the opening 211d can increase the signal by about 3 to 4 dB, thus achieving better antenna performance.

[0086] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific example of an external tri-band antenna that can operate in three frequency bands: 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, the external tri-band antenna includes: a substrate 10 , a first oscillator 211 , a second oscillator 212 , a third oscillator 221 , a fourth oscillator 222 , a fifth oscillator 231 , a sixth oscillator 232 , a feed line (coaxial line) 30 , and a feed coupling line 40 .

[0088] The first vibrator 211 and the second vibrator 212 are both serpentine vibrator shapes, the vibrator tail of the first vibrator is square, and the vibrator tail of the second vibrator is arc-shaped. Moreover, the total length of the first vibrator 211 is 1 / 8 to 3 / 4 of the low frequency (900MHz) resonance wavelength.

[0089] The first oscillator 211 is used as the rear oscillator, and the second oscillator 212 is used as the front oscillator, forming the first radiating portion 21. The front oscillator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear oscillator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line, thereby connecting with the feed line 30 to form a feeding point. In addition, a specific opening 212d is also provided at the portion of the second oscillator 212 near the tail end of the oscillator.

[0090] The third oscillator 221 and the fourth oscillator 222 are a pair of symmetrically arranged oscillators in the shape of a flag oscillator. The third oscillator 221 is used as a rear oscillator, and the fourth oscillator 222 is used as a front oscillator, forming a second radiation part. The front oscillator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear oscillator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line, thereby connecting with the feed line 30 to form a feeding point. Moreover, the length of the third oscillator 221 is controlled to be 1 / 8 to 3 / 4 of the resonance wavelength of the intermediate frequency (2.4GHz).

[0091] The fifth vibrator 231 and the sixth vibrator 232 are both in the shape of a "U"-shaped vibrator, forming the third radiating portion 23. The vibrating body of the fifth vibrator 231 includes the vibrating body of the third vibrator 221. The vibrating body of the sixth vibrator 232 includes the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator 222.

[0092] The length of the fifth oscillator 231 needs to be controlled within 1 / 8 to 3 / 4 of the high frequency (5.8 GHz) resonance wavelength. The fifth oscillator 231 is the rear oscillator, and the sixth oscillator 232 is the front oscillator. The front oscillator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear oscillator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line to form a feeding point.

[0093] Those skilled in the art can understand that the total length of the vibrator (also referred to as the effective dimension length, dimension length or effective length) and the shape of the vibrator are important dimensional parameters in the antenna, which are closely related to the frequency band of wireless signal reception or transmission, and are very important adjustment means in the process of debugging the antenna.

[0094] Based on the one or more antennas provided in the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an antenna debugging method. The antenna debugging method may include the following steps:

[0095] First, the number of enclosure structures with openings among the several enclosure structures constituting the vibrator body is adjusted. Figure 3 As shown, after the wide side of the rectangular enclosure structure is broken (ie, set as an opening), the effective length of the first vibrator or the second vibrator can be increased. Therefore, the effective length of the first vibrator or the second vibrator can be conveniently changed by adjusting the number of openings.

[0096] Then, it is determined whether the first vibrator and / or the second vibrator meets the debugging requirements. If yes, the debugging is ended; if no, the number of openings is readjusted.

[0097] The antenna debugging method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can conveniently adjust the effective length of the vibrator based on the special wiring form of the first vibrator or the second vibrator to achieve the purpose of open-line debugging, and has the advantages of short debugging cycle and convenient debugging operation.

[0098] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the S parameters of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the antenna provided in the above embodiment can work in 870MHz-950MHz (low frequency band), 2.36GHz-2.54GHz (mid frequency band) and 4GHz-6GHz (high frequency band). Therefore, it can achieve coverage of the three frequency bands of 900MHz, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz.

[0099] Figures 5 to 7 The antenna radiation patterns of the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present invention in the low frequency band, the medium frequency band and the high frequency band are shown respectively. Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good directivity in the three frequency bands of low frequency band, medium frequency band and high frequency band, good omnidirectionality, and no defects in a specific direction.

[0100] Based on the antenna provided in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an external antenna structure. This embodiment does not limit the specific application scenario of the external antenna structure, which can be used as a wireless signal transceiver device and applied to any type or kind of electronic device with wireless signal transceiver function, such as a remote control, smart terminal, wearable device or mobile vehicle signal transceiver.

[0101] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the external antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the external antenna structure includes: an antenna 100 , an antenna housing 200 , a pin 300 and a connector 400 .

[0102] The antenna 100 may be the antenna described in one or more of the above embodiments, which is determined by the specific implementation or application scenario. For example, the antenna 100 may be an omnidirectional antenna covering three frequency bands.

[0103] The antenna housing 200 is a shell wrapped around the antenna 100 for protection. The antenna housing 200 can be made of any type of non-conductive material (such as plastic) and has a shape that matches the antenna 100, such as Figure 8 The long strip shown.

[0104] The pin 300 is a rotating shaft disposed at one end of the antenna housing 300, so as to allow the antenna housing 300 to have a certain degree of rotational freedom. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that any other suitable type of hinge structure or other similar structure (such as a swingable elastic component) may be used instead to allow the antenna housing 300 to have a degree of rotational freedom relative to the connector 400.

[0105] The connector 400 is a component for establishing a connection between the external antenna structure and other electronic devices, and can be made of any type of connection (such as threaded connection, snap connection or bonding) and any suitable material. Figure 8 As shown, the connector 400 can be considered as a fixed seat or a fixed part of the hinge structure formed by the pin 300, and the antenna housing 200 is relatively rotated to swing to a suitable angle according to the actual needs. In addition, the feeder line led out of the antenna 100 is also connected to the corresponding electronic device (such as a radio frequency unit or a decoding unit) through the connector 400 to realize the transmission and reception of wireless signals.

[0106] With the development of drone technology, it is always expected to reduce the size of drone fuselage as much as possible, so that drone can be suitable for performing flight missions in more scenarios. However, when the size of drone fuselage is reduced, higher requirements are put forward for the size and structure of antenna, which is expected to be realized in a limited volume and as simple a structure as possible.

[0107] Therefore, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention can well meet the requirements of the drone with a smaller fuselage regarding the antenna volume and structure. The drone may include: a fuselage, a motor, and an external antenna structure.

[0108] The fuselage, as the main structure of the drone, can be made of any suitable material and have a structure and size that meet the use requirements. The fuselage can be provided with a variety of different functional components such as a tripod and a propeller.

[0109] The motor is installed on the fuselage and is used to provide flying power for the drone (such as by driving the propellers to rotate).

[0110] The external antenna structure can be installed at a specific position on the fuselage through its own connector as part of the wireless signal transceiver device to receive remote control operation instructions from the remote control or to feedback relevant data information (such as captured images, drone's own operating status parameters) to the remote control or other smart terminals.

[0111] Of course, based on the drone application scenarios provided in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can also apply the antennas provided in the above embodiments to other similar devices with smaller structural volume requirements (such as remote controls) without being limited to drones.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may also be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: a substrate having at least one planar substrate surface; A first radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate, the first radiating portion comprising: a first oscillator and a second oscillator facing opposite directions; The first vibrator and the second vibrator include: a vibrator body composed of a plurality of enclosed structures; a connecting portion connecting the vibrator body and the feeder; and a vibrator tail end formed by the end of the vibrator body being gathered away from the connecting portion; Wherein, at least a part of the adjacent enclosed structures overlap to form a connected vibrator body; one or more of the enclosed structures constituting the vibrator body are provided with openings so that the vibrator body forms a curved serpentine structure; The enclosed structure is a rectangle consisting of a pair of long sides and a pair of wide sides, and the long sides of two adjacent enclosed structures overlap; The vibrator bodies of the first vibrator and the second vibrator are symmetrically distributed; The vibrator tail end of the second vibrator is in an arc shape; the vibrator tail end of the first vibrator is in a square shape.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The enclosure structure adjacent to the second vibrator and the vibrator tail end is provided with an opening facing the inner side of the substrate.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna further comprises: a second radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate; The second radiating portion includes: a third oscillator and a fourth oscillator facing in opposite directions; The third vibrator and the fourth vibrator include: a vibrating body with bending parts at both ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bending parts by a predetermined length; the ends of the vibrating arms have extension parts extending in the width direction to form a flag-shaped structure with the vibrating arms.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The antenna further comprises: a third radiating portion disposed on the surface of the substrate; The third radiating portion includes: a fifth oscillator and a sixth oscillator facing in opposite directions; The fifth vibrator and the sixth vibrator include: a vibrating body with bent portions at two ends and a pair of vibrating arms formed by extending the bent portions by a predetermined length.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibrating body of the third vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the fifth vibrator; and the vibrating body of the fourth vibrator is a part of the vibrating body of the sixth vibrator.

6. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The total length of the first oscillator is between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the low-frequency resonance wavelength; the total length of the third oscillator is between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the medium-frequency resonance wavelength; the total length of the fifth oscillator is between 1 / 8 and 3 / 4 of the high-frequency resonance wavelength.

7. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first dipole, the third dipole and the fifth dipole are rear dipoles facing the same direction as the extension direction of the feeder, the second dipole, the fourth dipole and the sixth dipole are front dipoles facing the opposite direction to the extension direction of the feeder, and the feeder is a coaxial line; The front oscillator is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the rear oscillator is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line.

8. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frequency band corresponding to the first radiating portion is 900 MHz, the frequency band corresponding to the second radiating portion is 2.4 GHz, and the frequency band corresponding to the third radiating portion is 5.8 GHz.

9. An antenna debugging method, applied to the antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: The total length of the first vibrator and / or the second vibrator is adjusted by changing the number of the enclosure structures provided with openings.

10. An external antenna structure, characterized in that: include: The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8; An antenna housing wrapped around the antenna; A pin shaft is arranged at one end of the antenna housing; And a connector serving as a fixing seat for the pin shaft, the antenna housing can rotate around the pin shaft relative to the connector.

11. A drone, characterized in that: include: A fuselage, wherein a plurality of propellers are arranged on the fuselage; A motor, mounted on the fuselage, for driving the propeller to rotate and providing flight power for the UAV; The external antenna structure as described in claim 10 is installed on the fuselage.

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