A short-arc mechanical composite machining internal flushing liquid rapid tool-changing machine tool spindle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of machining tools, and specifically, to a spindle of a machine tool for rapid tool change with internal coolant supply in short arc mechanical compound machining. It includes a guide rail, on the outer wall of which a slider is slidably arranged. The end of the slider is bolted to an upper housing and a lower housing through a top plate. The outer sides of the upper housing and the lower housing are connected to a spindle mounting box body. Inside the spindle mounting box body, there is a mounting plate, on which a brush movement device is arranged. Inside the brush movement device, there is a short arc spindle. The short arc spindle includes a tool change support column, and the brush movement device is fixed on the outer wall of the tool change support column. Inside the tool change support column, a rotation driving power-on device rotates. When the present invention is in processing, the workpiece does not contact the tool electrode for processing, there is no cutting force and cutting heat, so that when processing thin-walled parts, the workpiece is not easily deformed, the processing accuracy is high, and the surface quality is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining tools, and more specifically, to a spindle of a short-arc mechanical composite machining machine tool with internal flushing liquid and rapid tool change. Background Art

[0002] In the aviation industry, superalloys, high-hardness metals and thin-walled structural parts are widely used. Among them, thin-walled structural parts have complex structural shapes, high requirements for external shape coordination, large machining allowances, and relatively low stiffness. Under the influence of factors such as cutting force, cutting heat, residual stress and clamping force, they are prone to machining deformation and difficult to control machining accuracy. For superalloys and high-hardness metals, due to their high hardness, traditional mechanical machining has low efficiency, long machining cycle and high machining cost. When the workpiece contacts the tool electrode for machining, cutting force and cutting heat cause the workpiece to be prone to deformation during the machining of thin-walled parts, and it is difficult to guarantee machining accuracy and surface quality. In view of this, we propose a spindle of a short-arc mechanical composite machining machine tool with internal flushing liquid and rapid tool change. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spindle of a short-arc mechanical composite machining machine tool with internal flushing liquid and rapid tool change to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a spindle of a short-arc mechanical composite machining machine tool with internal flushing liquid and rapid tool change, including a guide rail. A slider is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the guide rail. The end of the slider is bolted to an upper housing and a lower housing through a top plate. The outer sides of the upper housing and the lower housing are connected to a spindle mounting box body. An installation plate is arranged inside the spindle mounting box body. A brush movement device is arranged on the installation plate. A short-arc spindle is arranged inside the brush movement device. The short-arc spindle includes a tool-changing support column. The brush movement device is fixed on the outer wall of the tool-changing support column. A rotary drive and power-on device rotates inside the tool-changing support column. An internal flushing liquid and rapid tool change device is clamped inside the rotary drive and power-on device. The internal flushing liquid and rapid tool change device includes a three-way head. The end of the three-way head is communicated with a rotary joint. The end of the rotary joint is communicated with the upper end of a one-way valve. The lower end of the one-way valve is connected to a draw bar. The lower end of the draw bar is sequentially connected to a draw claw, a pull stud and a tool holder.

[0005] As a further improvement of this technical solution, a cylinder head is arranged at the top of the tool-changing support column. An L-shaped joint is communicated with the top of the cylinder head. A cylinder body is arranged inside the cylinder head. A cylinder piston is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body.

[0006] As a further improvement of this technical solution, a wear-resistant ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder head.

[0007] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the rotation drive power-on device includes a rotating shaft, the outer wall of the rotating shaft rotates inside the tool-changing support column through a bearing, a disc spring is arranged inside the rotating shaft, a conductive copper column is installed at the end of the rotating shaft through taper fit, a linkage synchronous pulley is arranged near the bottom of the rotating shaft, a clamping block rotates at the end of the rotating shaft, and the clamping block is clamped on the inner wall of the tool-changing support column.

[0008] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a spindle motor is rotatably arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell, an output shaft of the spindle motor is connected with a motor synchronous pulley, and the motor synchronous pulley is connected with the linkage synchronous pulley through a transmission mechanism, so that the motor synchronous pulley drives the linkage synchronous pulley to rotate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the brush movement device includes an upper cover for brush movement and a lower cover for brush movement. A moving bevel gear disc is arranged inside the upper cover for brush movement, a bevel gear is meshed with the outer wall of the moving bevel gear disc, and a brush movement motor is connected to the end of the bevel gear through a coupling.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution, moving blocks are slidably arranged inside a plurality of sliding grooves at the top of the moving bevel gear disc. An insulating slider is fixedly connected to the end of the moving block, a brush box is arranged on the top of the insulating slider, the brush box includes a brush shell, and a brush head is slidably arranged inside the brush shell.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a buffer spring is connected between the end of the brush head and the brush shell, and a rear cover is hinged to the end of the brush shell.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] In the spindle of the short-arc mechanical composite machining internal flushing liquid quick tool-changing machine tool, by setting a short-arc spindle, the problems that thin-walled parts are easy to deform during machining, the machining efficiency of high-hardness metals is low, the machining cost is high, and the short-arc machining needs to change the machine tool when switching to mechanical machining, reducing the machining accuracy and machining efficiency are solved. It has the advantages of high short-arc machining efficiency. During machining, the workpiece does not contact the tool electrode for machining, there is no cutting force and cutting heat, so that the workpiece is not easy to deform when machining thin-walled parts. Moreover, compared with traditional mechanical machining, the short-arc machining has high efficiency and low machining cost, and also has the advantages of high mechanical machining accuracy and good surface quality. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the short-arc spindle structure of Embodiment 1;

[0016] Figure 3 Structural sectional view of the internal flushing liquid quick tool changing device for Embodiment 1;

[0017] Figure 4 Structural sectional view of the rotary drive power-on device for Embodiment 1;

[0018] Figure 5 Structural sectional view of the tool changing support column for Embodiment 1;

[0019] Figure 6 Top schematic view of the upper housing structure for Embodiment 1;

[0020] Figure 7 Front sectional view of the brush movement device structure for Embodiment 1;

[0021] Figure 8 Left schematic view of the brush movement device structure for Embodiment 1;

[0022] Figure 9 Planing section view of the moving block structure for Embodiment 1;

[0023] Figure 10 Left sectional view of the brush box structure for Embodiment 1.

[0024] The meanings of each label in the figure are as follows:

[0025] 1. Guide rail; 2. Slide block; 3. Top plate; 4. Upper housing; 5. Lower housing; 6. Spindle installation box body;

[0026] 7. Short arc spindle; 71. Tool changing support column; 711. L-shaped joint; 712. Cylinder head; 713. Wear-resistant ring; 714. Cylinder piston; 715. Cylinder body;

[0027] 72. Rotary drive power-on device; 721. Rotating shaft; 722. Bearing; 723. Disc spring; 724. Conductive copper column; 725. Linkage synchronous pulley; 726. Block;

[0028] 73. Internal flushing liquid quick tool changing device; 731. Three-way joint; 732. Rotary joint; 733. Check valve; 734. Pull rod; 735. Pull claw; 736. Pull stud; 737. Tool shank;

[0029] 8. Mounting plate;

[0030] 9. Brush movement device; 91. Brush movement upper cover; 92. Brush movement lower cover; 93. Moving bevel gear disc; 930. Moving block; 94. Bevel gear; 941. Brush movement motor; 942. Coupling; 95. Insulating slide block; 96. Brush box; 961. Brush housing; 962. Brush head; 963. Buffer spring; 964. Rear cover;

[0031] 10. Spindle motor; 11. Motor synchronous pulley. Specific embodiments

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 - 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a spindle for a short-arc mechanical compound machining internal flushing quick tool-changing machine tool, including a guide rail 1. A slider 2 is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the guide rail 1. The end of the slider 2 is bolted with an upper housing 4 and a lower housing 5 through a top plate 3. The outer sides of the upper housing 4 and the lower housing 5 are connected with a spindle installation box body 6. An installation plate 8 is arranged inside the spindle installation box body 6. A brush movement device 9 is arranged on the installation plate 8. A short-arc spindle 7 is arranged inside the brush movement device 9. The short-arc spindle 7 includes a tool-changing support column 71. The brush movement device 9 is fixed on the outer wall of the tool-changing support column 71. A rotary drive power-on device 72 rotates inside the tool-changing support column 71. An internal flushing quick tool-changing device 73 is clamped inside the rotary drive power-on device 72. The internal flushing quick tool-changing device 73 includes a three-way head 731. The end of the three-way head 731 is communicated with a rotary joint 732. The end of the rotary joint 732 is communicated with the upper end of a check valve 733. The lower end of the check valve 733 is connected with a draw bar 734. The lower end of the draw bar 734 is sequentially connected with a draw claw 735, a draw stud 736, and a tool shank 737. The end of the tool shank 737 is connected to a water-gas device, so that water and gas are sprayed out from the end of the three-way head 731 of the rotary joint 732 along the inside of the draw claw 735 and the draw stud 736 through the check valve 733 to form a gas-liquid mixed medium. Then, the rotary drive power-on device 72 rotates to form an excited short-arc discharge group inside the tool-changing support column 71. When the distance from the workpiece electrode is the shortest, the dielectric is broken down to form a plasma channel. The heat is transferred to the end of the three-way head 731 and the workpiece surface through the discharge channel, forming an approximately circular planar heat source on the workpiece surface. The processed material is locally melted or even vaporized by the high temperature, and the generated arc ejects the high-temperature material from the workpiece surface. The deionization effect induces the appearance of the next arc. After a series of short arcs, a large amount of material is eroded to obtain the required shape and size, so that the workpiece and the tool electrode do not contact, there is no cutting force and cutting heat, making the workpiece not easily deformed when machining thin-walled parts, with high machining efficiency, low machining cost, and high machining accuracy.

[0035] In this embodiment, a cylinder head 712 is provided at the top of the tool change support column 71. An L-shaped joint 711 is connected to the top of the cylinder head 712. A cylinder block 715 is provided inside the cylinder head 712. A cylinder piston 714 is slidably provided inside the cylinder block 715. When exposed to high-temperature gas, the cylinder piston 714 slides inside the cylinder block 715 to increase the power of the high-temperature water vapor, making the surface of the machined workpiece more precise.

[0036] Specifically, a wear-resistant ring 713 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder head 712. The wear-resistant ring 713 can reduce the wear of the sliding of the cylinder piston 714 and extend the service life.

[0037] Furthermore, the rotary drive power-on device 72 includes a rotating shaft 721. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 721 rotates inside the tool change support column 71 through a bearing 722. A disc spring 723 is provided inside the rotating shaft 721. During rotation, the disc spring 723 is compressed by centrifugal force, and the rigid impact is relieved under the elastic force of the disc spring 723. A conductive copper column 724 is installed at the end of the rotating shaft 721 through taper fit. A linkage synchronous pulley 725 is provided near the bottom of the rotating shaft 721. A clamping block 726 rotates at the end of the rotating shaft 721, and the clamping block 726 is clamped on the inner wall of the tool change support column 71. When the rotary drive power-on device 72 rotates, it can rotate more stably inside the bearing 722.

[0038] Specifically, a spindle motor 10 is rotatably provided between the upper housing 4 and the lower housing 5. The output shaft of the spindle motor 10 is connected to a motor synchronous pulley 11. The motor synchronous pulley 11 and the linkage synchronous pulley 725 are connected through a transmission mechanism, so that the motor synchronous pulley 11 drives the linkage synchronous pulley 725 to rotate. The spindle motor 10 is powered on to make it work. The output shaft of the spindle motor 10 drives the motor synchronous pulley 11 to rotate, and then drives the linkage synchronous pulley 725 to rotate through the transmission mechanism, which can make the rotation of the rotary drive power-on device 72 easier and more convenient.

[0039] Among them, the brush movement device 9 includes a brush movement upper cover 91 and a brush movement lower cover 92. A moving bevel gear disk 93 is provided inside the brush movement upper cover 91. A bevel gear 94 meshes with the outer wall of the moving bevel gear disk 93. The end of the bevel gear 94 is connected to a brush movement motor 941 through a coupling 942. The brush movement motor 941 is powered on to make it work. The output shaft of the brush movement motor 941 drives the bevel gear 94 to rotate through the coupling 942, so that the outer wall of the moving bevel gear disk 93 meshes and rotates along the outer wall of the bevel gear 94, which is convenient to operate.

[0040] In addition, a plurality of sliding grooves are internally and slidably provided at the top of the moving bevel gear disc 93. A moving block 930 is slidably arranged inside each of the sliding grooves. An insulating slider 95 is fixedly connected to the end of the moving block 930. A brush box 96 is arranged on the top of the insulating slider 95. The brush box 96 includes a brush housing 961. A brush head 962 is slidably arranged inside the brush housing 961. When the moving bevel gear disc 93 rotates, it drives the moving block 930 to slide along the sliding groove at the top of the moving bevel gear disc 93. The brush box 96 is driven to slide through the insulating slider 95, so that the ends of the plurality of brush heads 962 pass through the outer wall of the tool change support column 71 and fit against the outer wall of the rotation drive power-on device 72 to generate pressure and rotate, completing mechanical commutation, converting the alternating current in the armature into direct current on the brush head 962 or converting the direct current in the external circuit into alternating current in the armature.

[0041] Specifically, a buffer spring 963 is connected between the end of the brush head 962 and the brush housing 961. Through the buffer spring 963, when the brush head 962 fits against the outer wall of the rotation drive power-on device 72, the buffer spring 963 is compressed. Under the elastic force of the buffer spring 963, the brush head 962 fits more closely against the rotation drive power-on device 72, which is beneficial to exciting the short arc discharge group and improving the efficiency of short arc cutting. A rear cover 964 is hinged to the end of the brush housing 961. Through the rear cover 964, it is convenient to open and replace the brush head 962 later, and the practicability is stronger.

[0042] When the spindle of the short-arc mechanical compound machining internal flushing liquid quick tool change machine tool in this embodiment is specifically used, the end of the tool holder 737 is connected to the water-gas device, so that the water-gas sprays out from the end of the three-way head 731 of the rotary joint 732 along the inside of the broach claw 735 and the pull stud 736 through the one-way valve 733, forming a gas-liquid mixed medium. The output shaft of the spindle motor 10 drives the motor synchronous pulley 11 to rotate, and then drives the linkage synchronous pulley 725 to rotate through the transmission mechanism, enabling the rotary drive power-on device 72 to rotate inside the tool change support column 71 to form an excited short-arc discharge group. Then, the output shaft of the brush movement motor 941 drives the bevel gear 94 to rotate through the coupling 942, so that the outer wall of the moving bevel gear disk 93 meshes and rotates along the outer wall of the bevel gear 94, driving the moving block 930 to roll and slide in the chute at the top of the moving bevel gear disk 93, driving the brush box 96 to slide through the insulating slider 95, so that the ends of multiple electric brush heads 962 pass through the outer wall of the tool change support column 71 and fit against the outer wall of the rotary drive power-on device 72 to generate pressure rotation, completing mechanical commutation, converting the alternating current in the armature into direct current on the electric brush heads 962 or converting the direct current in the external circuit into alternating current in the armature. When the distance from the workpiece electrode is the shortest, the dielectric is broken down to form a plasma channel, and the heat is transferred to the end of the three-way head 731 and the workpiece surface through the discharge channel, forming an approximately circular planar heat source on the workpiece surface. The processed material is locally melted or even vaporized by the high temperature, and the generated arc ejects the high-temperature material from the workpiece surface. The deionization effect induces the appearance of the next arc. After a series of short arcs, a large amount of material is eroded to obtain the required shape and size. The workpiece and the tool electrode do not contact, there is no cutting force and cutting heat, so that the workpiece is not easy to deform when processing thin-walled parts, the processing efficiency is high, the processing cost is low, and the processing accuracy is high.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A main shaft of a machine tool with rapid tool change for internal flushing liquid in short-arc mechanical compound machining, including a guide rail (1), characterized in that: A slider (2) is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the guide rail (1). The end of the slider (2) is bolted with an upper housing (4) and a lower housing (5) through a top plate (3). The outer sides of the upper housing (4) and the lower housing (5) are connected with a main shaft installation box body (6). An installation plate (8) is arranged inside the main shaft installation box body (6). A brush movement device (9) is arranged on the installation plate (8). A short-arc main shaft (7) is arranged inside the brush movement device (9). The short-arc main shaft (7) includes a tool change support column (71). The brush movement device (9) is fixed on the outer wall of the tool change support column (71). A rotary drive and power-on device (72) rotates inside the tool change support column (71). An internal flushing liquid rapid tool change device (73) is clamped inside the rotary drive and power-on device (72). The internal flushing liquid rapid tool change device (73) includes a three-way head (731). The end of the three-way head (731) is communicated with a rotary joint (732). The end of the rotary joint (732) is communicated with the upper end of a one-way valve (733). The lower end of the one-way valve (733) is connected with a draw bar (734). The lower end of the draw bar (734) is sequentially connected with a draw claw (735), a pull stud (736), and a tool holder (737); The rotary drive and power-on device (72) includes a rotating shaft (721). The outer wall of the rotating shaft (721) rotates inside the tool change support column (71) through a bearing (722). A disc spring (723) is arranged inside the rotating shaft (721). A conductive copper column (724) is installed at the end of the rotating shaft (721) through taper fit. A linkage synchronous pulley (725) is arranged near the bottom of the rotating shaft (721). A clamping block (726) rotates at the end of the rotating shaft (721). The clamping block (726) is clamped on the inner wall of the tool change support column (71); A main shaft motor (10) is rotatably arranged between the upper housing (4) and the lower housing (5). The output shaft of the main shaft motor (10) is connected with a motor synchronous pulley (11). The motor synchronous pulley (11) and the linkage synchronous pulley (725) are connected through a transmission mechanism, so that the motor synchronous pulley (11) drives the linkage synchronous pulley (725) to rotate; The brush movement device (9) includes a brush movement upper cover (91) and a brush movement lower cover (92). A moving bevel gear disc (93) is arranged inside the brush movement upper cover (91). A bevel gear (94) meshes with the outer wall of the moving bevel gear disc (93). The end of the bevel gear (94) is connected with a brush movement motor (941) through a coupling (942); A plurality of sliding grooves are provided inside the top of the moving bevel gear disc (93), and moving blocks (930) are slidably arranged inside the plurality of sliding grooves. An insulating slider (95) is fixedly connected to the end of the moving block (930). A brush box (96) is provided on the top of the insulating slider (95). The brush box (96) includes a brush housing (961), and a brush head (962) is slidably arranged inside the brush housing (961); A buffer spring (963) is connected between the end of the brush head (962) and the brush housing (961), and a rear cover (964) is hinged to the end of the brush housing (961).

2. The spindle of the short-arc mechanical composite machining internal flushing liquid quick tool-changing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder head (712) is arranged on the top of the tool-changing support column (71). An L-shaped joint (711) is communicated with the top of the cylinder head (712). A cylinder block (715) is arranged inside the cylinder head (712), and a cylinder piston (714) is slidably arranged inside the cylinder block (715).

3. The spindle of the short-arc mechanical composite machining internal flushing liquid quick tool-changing machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A wear-resistant ring (713) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder head (712).

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