A compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure with spiral series connection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure, which is cylindrical as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of layers of disk-type structural units in series inside, and the plurality of layers of disk-type structural units are spirally ascending as a whole; each layer of disk-type structural units is composed of a plurality of metal spherical electrodes, and a semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber between the metal spherical electrodes; each layer of disk-type structural units is connected by the end electrode of the disk-type structure between adjacent layers and the head electrode of the adjacent layer, and the semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber between the electrodes. Compared with the basic structure of vertical series connection, the present invention can increase the number of arc-extinguishing chambers per unit height, improve the arc-extinguishing ability of the structure as a whole, and reduce the volume of the overall multi-chamber structure. It is convenient to use in a multi-chamber type lightning protection device. When this structure is applied to the field of line lightning protection, lightning damage can be removed in time, the lightning tripping rate can be greatly reduced, and the safe and reliable operation of the transmission line can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protection devices, and in particular to a compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure connected in series in a spiral manner. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, people's demand for electricity is increasing, and the requirements for technical and economic indicators of power grid operation of various voltage levels are increasing. Lightning is a discharge phenomenon with huge energy. Once lightning hits the line or lightning energy enters the power system, it will cause serious damage to the power system such as line tripping and equipment damage, which seriously threatens the reliability and safety of power supply, conflicts with people's daily needs, and urgently needs to be managed. However, traditional blocking lightning protection measures cannot fundamentally eliminate the hazards of lightning strikes, and measures such as installing line metal lightning arresters are not economical. Although the drainage type lightning protection measures can discharge lightning energy into the ground, they often cause the line lightning tripping rate to increase because they do not have the ability to extinguish arcs. It is not difficult to see that the existing lightning protection measures have obvious limitations in the actual operation of the line.

[0003] In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have proposed a multi-chamber structure with arc extinguishing performance. However, the existing structure has a simple arc extinguishing chamber unit structure, and the chamber units are connected vertically in series, which fails to achieve a compact design, resulting in an excessive number of chamber units and a high structure height that is difficult to install in actual lines. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing multi-chamber structure, the present invention provides a compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure in spiral series, which effectively reduces the volume of the multi-chamber lightning protection device and improves the arc-extinguishing performance of the device.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure, which is cylindrical as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of layers of disk-type structural units in series, and the plurality of layers of disk-type structural units are spirally ascending as a whole; each layer of the disk-type structural unit is composed of a plurality of metal spherical electrodes and semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chambers between the metal spherical electrodes; the disk-type structural units of each layer are connected through the end electrodes of the disk-type structures between adjacent layers and the head electrodes of the adjacent layers, as well as the semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chambers between the electrodes; the head electrode of the disk-type structure of the first layer is connected to the high-voltage electrode, and the end electrode of the disk-type structure of the last layer is connected to the grounding electrode.

[0007] Preferably, the semi-enclosed arc extinguishing chamber is divided into a discharge section chamber and an acceleration section chamber; the discharge section chamber is a cylindrical tubular gap space between metal spherical electrodes, and the metal spherical electrode is partially embedded in the cylindrical tubular gap space; the acceleration section chamber is arranged on one side of the discharge section chamber and connected with the discharge section chamber, and the other side extends to the overall cylindrical outer wall of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure, and the acceleration section chamber is composed of a plurality of coaxially arranged conical necking spaces connected to each other, and the necking of the plurality of conical necking spaces extends radially outward.

[0008] Preferably, the maximum diameter of the head end where the conical contraction space is connected to the discharge section chamber is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical tubular gap space of the discharge section chamber, and the end diameter thereof is 0.5-1 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the height between adjacent disk-type structural units is equal to the sum of the diameter of the metal spherical electrodes and the spacing between the metal spherical electrodes.

[0010] Preferably, the disk-type structural unit is in the shape of a disk, and a plurality of metal spherical electrodes divide the disk into n parts, and the metal spherical electrodes are located on the radius of the disk-type structural unit corresponding to 360° / n.

[0011] Preferably, the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure is internally provided with m layers of disk-type structural units in series, and each layer of the disk-type structural units is composed of n metal spherical electrodes and n-1 semi-enclosed arc extinguishing chambers. Then, the number of semi-enclosed arc extinguishing chambers contained in the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure as a whole is mn-1.

[0012] 1. Preferably, the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure is also fixedly mounted with an insulating shed, which is located at the top, middle or bottom of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the metal spherical electrode is covered with an insulating layer.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. Compared with the basic vertical series structure, the spiral series compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure can greatly increase the number of arc extinguishing chambers at the same height, which can effectively improve the arc extinguishing capacity of the overall arc extinguishing structure and make the structure more compact.

[0016] 2. The acceleration section of the arc extinguishing chamber of the compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure of spiral series connection adopts a multi-stage conical contraction structure. Compared with the arc extinguishing chamber adopting a single-stage conical contraction structure based on the basic structure of vertical series connection, the effect of accelerating the arc plasma movement of the present invention is better.

[0017] Therefore, from the perspective of structural performance and installation application, the use of this spiral series compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure can effectively enhance the arc extinguishing performance of the multi-chamber structure and make its structure more compact, which is of great significance to the development and engineering application of multi-chamber lightning protection devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the semi-enclosed arc extinguishing chamber of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the discharge path of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the arc quenching experiment curve;

[0022] Figure 1 —3, 1—compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure in spiral series, 2—disk-type structural unit, 3—metal spherical electrode, 4—arc extinguishing chamber, 5—high voltage electrode, 6—grounding electrode, 7—discharge section chamber, 8—acceleration section chamber, 9—insulating umbrella skirt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure, the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 is cylindrical as a whole, and is provided with 6 layers of disc-type structural units 2 in series, and the 6 layers of disc-type structural units 2 are spirally ascending as a whole. Each layer of disc-type structural unit 2 is composed of 4 metal spherical electrodes 3 and a semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber 4 between the metal spherical electrodes 3. The disc-type structural units 2 of each layer are connected through the end electrode of the disc structure between adjacent layers and the head electrode of the adjacent layer, as well as the semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber 4 between the electrodes; the head electrode of the disc structure of the first layer is connected to the high-voltage electrode 5, and the end electrode of the disc structure of the last layer is connected to the grounding electrode 6. The spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 is also fixedly mounted with an insulating shed 9, and the insulating shed 9 is located at the top, middle or bottom of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1.

[0025] The specific structure of the semi-enclosed arc extinguishing chamber 4 is as follows:

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the semi-enclosed arc extinguishing chamber 4 of the present invention is divided into a discharge section chamber 7 and an acceleration section chamber 8; the discharge section chamber 7 is a cylindrical tubular gap space between the metal spherical electrodes 3, the metal spherical electrode 3 is partially embedded in the cylindrical tubular gap space, and the outer surface of the metal spherical electrode 3 is covered with an insulating layer. The acceleration section chamber 8 is arranged on one side of the discharge section chamber 7 and is connected to the discharge section chamber 7, and the other side extends to the overall cylindrical outer wall of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure 1. The acceleration section chamber 8 is composed of three coaxially arranged conical constricted spaces connected, and the constrictions of the three conical constricted spaces extend radially outward. The maximum diameter d2 of the head end where the conical constricted space is connected to the discharge section chamber 7 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical tubular gap space of the discharge section chamber 7, and its end diameter is d3 = 0.5 ~ 1mm.

[0027] The discharge path of the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure 1 is:

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the discharge path of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure 1 is shown by the arrow in the figure. In this figure: AF is the layer number of the corresponding disc structure unit 2, A1-A4 is the serial number of the metal spherical electrodes 3 on the disc structure unit 2, wherein the metal spherical electrode F3 is connected to the high-voltage electrode 5 at the high-voltage end, and the metal spherical electrode A1 is connected to the grounding electrode 6 at the grounding end. Taking the F layer as an example, from the high-voltage end to the metal spherical electrode F3, the discharge path is a single layer through the metal spherical electrode F3 → through the metal spherical electrode F2 → through the metal spherical electrode F1 → through the metal spherical electrode F4, and the discharge path rotates clockwise. Between the F layer and the E layer, the current is conducted to the next layer of disk-type structure unit 2 through the metal spherical electrode F4 → through the metal spherical electrode E4, and continues the single-layer clockwise rotation discharge through the metal spherical electrode E4 → through the metal spherical electrode E3 → through the metal spherical electrode E2 → through the metal spherical electrode E1. By analogy, the discharge path is constrained in the multi-chamber structure and is from the high-voltage end → metal spherical electrode F3 →… → metal spherical electrode A1 → the ground end.

[0029] The spiral series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 is structurally compared with the vertical series-connected basic structure:

[0030] If the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 and the vertically connected basic structure both use cylinders of equal height and diameter, and the diameter of the spherical metal electrode is the same. The height between adjacent disk-type structural units 2 of the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 is equal to the sum of the diameter of the metal spherical electrode 3 and the distance between the metal spherical electrodes 3; the disk-type structural unit is in the shape of a disk, and a number of metal spherical electrodes 3 divide the disk into n parts, then the metal spherical electrode 3 is located on the radius of the disk-type structural unit 2 corresponding to 360° / n. If the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 is provided with m layers of disk-type structural units 2 in series, and each layer of disk-type structural units 2 is composed of n metal spherical electrodes 3 and n-1 semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chambers 4, then the number of semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chambers 4 contained in the spirally connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 as a whole is mn-1. While the vertical series basic structure maintains the same overall size, the height between its structural units is equal to (12*m) mm, so that at most m arc-extinguishing chambers can be arranged.

[0031] It can be seen that the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 can significantly increase the number of arc-extinguishing chambers 4 at the same height compared to the vertically series-connected basic structure, which can effectively improve the arc-extinguishing capacity of the overall arc-extinguishing structure and make the structure more compact.

[0032] In order to further verify that increasing the number of arc extinguishing chambers 4 and adopting a multi-stage conical shrinking structure in the acceleration section can accelerate the quenching of the arc, the present invention conducted the following experiments:

[0033] Test equipment: The test platform is built using the impulse current generator, Rogowski coil, ultra-high-speed camera, voltage divider, oscilloscope and other equipment in the high-voltage test room. When the impulse current generator is working, the rectifier power supply first charges the capacitor group to the required voltage, and then sends a trigger pulse to break down the ball electrode, so that the capacitor group discharges through the resistor, inductor and the test object. The Rogowski coil is a non-contact current sensor based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which measures the magnitude of the impulse current in the experiment. The ultra-high-speed camera has a very short exposure time and can capture the movement of the impulse arc in the experiment. The voltage divider uses a capacitive voltage divider to measure the impulse voltage, and a voltage equalizing cover is installed on the top of the voltage divider. The oscilloscope is used to record the voltage and current waveforms at both ends of the test object.

[0034] Test process: vertical series basic structure such as Figure 4 Curve A, based on the basic structure of vertical series connection, the arc extinguishing chamber adopts a first-level conical shrinkage structure. Figure 4 Curve B, the spiral series-connected compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure 1 disclosed in the present invention is as follows Figure 4 Curve C, applies a 2kA 8 / 20μs impulse current to the test piece, and observes the motion characteristics and extinction characteristics of the arc in the impact quenching stage of the multi-chamber structure.

[0035] The test results show that the discharge path of the spiral series compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure 1 is transmitted in a spiral shape, while the vertical series basic structure is transmitted in a straight line. Figure 4 As shown, the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1, through analysis of experimental photos, it can be known that the structure can quench the impact arc in 990μs; the vertical series basic structure, through analysis of experimental photos, it can be known that the structure can quench the impact arc within 4000us; based on the vertical series basic structure, the arc-extinguishing chamber adopts a primary conical shrinkage structure, and through analysis of experimental photos, it can be known that the structure can quench the impact arc within 1155μs.

[0036] To sum up, from the perspective of structural performance and installation application, the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure 1 provided by the present invention can effectively enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of the multi-chamber structure and make its structure more compact, which is of great significance to the development and engineering application of multi-chamber lightning protection devices.

Claims

1. A compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure in spiral series, characterized by: The spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of layers of disk-type structural units in series inside, and the plurality of layers of disk-type structural units are spirally ascending as a whole; each layer of disk-type structural units is composed of a plurality of metal spherical electrodes and a semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber between the metal spherical electrodes; the disk-type structural units of each layer are connected through the terminal electrode of the disk-type structure between adjacent layers and the head-end electrode of the adjacent layer, as well as the semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber between the electrodes; the head-end electrode of the disk-type structure of the first layer is connected to the high-voltage electrode, and the terminal electrode of the disk-type structure of the last layer is connected to the grounding electrode; The semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chamber is divided into a discharge section chamber and an acceleration section chamber; the discharge section chamber is a cylindrical tube-shaped gap space between metal spherical electrodes, and the metal spherical electrode is partially embedded in the cylindrical tube-shaped gap space; the acceleration section chamber is arranged on one side of the discharge section chamber and is connected with the discharge section chamber, and the other side extends to the overall cylindrical outer wall of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure, and the acceleration section chamber is formed by connecting a plurality of coaxially arranged conical shrinking spaces, and the shrinkage of the plurality of conical shrinking spaces extends radially outward; The spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure is internally provided with m layers of disk-type structural units in series, and each layer of disk-type structural units is composed of n metal spherical electrodes and n-1 semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chambers. Therefore, the number of semi-enclosed arc-extinguishing chambers contained in the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure as a whole is mn-1.

2. The compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure of spiral series connection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the head end of the conical shrinkage space communicating with the discharge section chamber is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical tubular gap space of the discharge section chamber, and the end diameter thereof is 0.5-1 mm.

3. The compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure of spiral series connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height between adjacent disk-type structural units is equal to the sum of the diameter of the metal spherical electrodes and the distance between the metal spherical electrodes.

4. The compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure of spiral series connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disk-type structural unit is in the shape of a disk, and a plurality of metal spherical electrodes divide the disk into n parts. The metal spherical electrodes are located on the radius of the disk-type structural unit corresponding to 360° / n.

5. The compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure of spiral series connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure is also fixedly mounted with an insulating shed, which is located at the top, middle or bottom of the spirally series-connected compact multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure.

6. The compact multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure of spiral series connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the metal spherical electrode is covered with an insulating layer.

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