A flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large elevation difference slope at the outlet of a flood discharge tunnel

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of flood discharge and energy dissipation structures of water conservancy projects, and specifically refers to a flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large height difference slope at the exit of a flood discharge tunnel. It includes an energy dissipation pool connected to the exit of the flood discharge tunnel; the energy dissipation pool is connected to at least one winding mountain drainage channel; the winding mountain drainage channel is a winding mountain channel built on the slope and winding down along the slope direction, and the end of the winding mountain drainage channel near the energy dissipation pool is higher than the end far from the energy dissipation pool; the winding mountain drainage channel is provided with a plurality of drainage structures that discharge the water flow in the winding mountain drainage channel to the slope; the plurality of drainage structures are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the winding mountain drainage channel. The flood discharge and energy dissipation structure of the present invention is extremely simple, the construction cost is extremely low, and the construction difficulty is extremely low. It can well dissipate the energy of the drainage of the flood discharge tunnel, and has great promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flood discharge and energy dissipation structures of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large height difference slope at the outlet of a flood discharge tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The selection of discharge and energy dissipation methods and the arrangement of discharge structures are particularly important in the hub layout task. The characteristics of high dam flood discharge are "high head and large discharge volume". With the development of high dam construction, the problem of high dam flood discharge and energy dissipation has become more and more prominent. High dam construction forms a high dam and large reservoir. The water level of the upstream reservoir is high, the discharge structure has a large drop in the discharge, and the energy of the discharge water body is huge. It is necessary to adopt reasonable and effective energy dissipation methods to dissipate the kinetic energy of the water. If the handling is not careful, it is easy to cause the damage of the dam discharge structure, thus affecting the operation safety of the entire hub.

[0003] When constructing water conservancy flood discharge projects in deep mountain valleys, we generally face the problems of large water head and steep slopes. Due to the high head, the huge potential energy of water will be converted into huge kinetic energy after rushing down from a high place. The high-velocity water flow has a great erosion and destructive effect. How to eliminate the destructive effect of its huge energy and make the water flow safely discharge has always been a topic of unremitting exploration in the water conservancy engineering community.

[0004] At present, for flood discharge and energy dissipation measures with a drop of about 100 meters, the water conservancy engineering community has relatively mature flood discharge and energy dissipation engineering measures, such as pressure tunnel combined with bottom flow or diversion flow energy dissipation, non-pressure spillway in the tunnel combined with bottom flow or diversion flow energy dissipation, drop-slope energy dissipation, swirl flow energy dissipation, etc. However, if the flood discharge tunnel passes through the mountain, the exit of the flood discharge tunnel is a slope terrain, which is not suitable for the construction of these conventional energy dissipation structures. The use of traditional energy dissipation structures has the problems of large engineering volume, great construction difficulty and poor safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a flood discharge energy dissipation structure with a large height difference slope at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large height difference slope at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel, characterized in that: it includes an energy dissipation pool connected to the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel; at least one winding mountain drainage channel is connected to the energy dissipation pool; the winding mountain drainage channel is a winding mountain channel built on the slope and gradually descends along the slope gradient direction, and the end of the winding mountain drainage channel near the energy dissipation pool is higher than the end far from the energy dissipation pool; the winding mountain drainage channel is provided with a plurality of drainage structures that discharge the water flow in the winding mountain drainage channel to the slope; the plurality of drainage structures are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the winding mountain drainage channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the winding mountain drainage channel is a winding mountain channel whose extension direction intersects with the slope gradient direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the drainage structure is located on the side wall of the Panshan drainage channel at a lower altitude along the slope direction.

[0009] The drainage structure further comprises a drainage pipe whose inlet end is connected to the Panshan drainage channel and a pipe head installed at the outlet end of the drainage pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the pipe head is a trumpet-shaped cavity structure with a small end close to the drain pipe and a large end away from the drain pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the pipe head is a flat-mouthed cavity structure with a fan-shaped cross-section, which is small at one end close to the drain pipe and large at one end away from the drain pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the outlet direction of the pipe head is parallel to the slope surface at the pipe head.

[0013] Furthermore, the pipe head is fitted on the sloped surface at the pipe head.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention builds a winding mountain drainage channel on the slope at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel, and uses the winding mountain drainage channel to discharge the water discharged from the flood discharge tunnel onto the slope. The dispersed water flow is blocked by the slope, and the energy is well dissipated. The construction cost of the winding mountain drainage channel is relatively low, the consumption cost is low, the construction difficulty is small, and it has great promotion value;

[0015] 2. The present invention designs the drainage in such a way that its extension direction intersects with the slope gradient direction. Such a design can increase the extension length of the winding mountain drainage channel, increase the distribution range of drainage of the winding mountain drainage channel to the slope, increase the dissipation of energy, and on the other hand, slow down the slope of the winding mountain drainage channel, avoiding the problem of too fast flow velocity of water in the winding mountain drainage channel;

[0016] 3. The present invention designs the drainage structure on the lower side of the Panshan drainage channel along the slope direction, so that the water can flow down the slope easily without any impact on the Panshan drainage channel itself;

[0017] 4. The drainage structure of the present invention is extremely simple. Through the structure of the drainage pipe and the pipe head, the water in the Panshan drainage channel can be evenly distributed to the slope surface where the Panshan drainage channel is located, which plays a good role in dispersing and dissipating energy.

[0018] 5. The present invention designs the pipe head to be a structure with one end small and the other end large, which can expand the water outlet area of the pipe head and reduce the impact of the water outlet from the pipe head. On the other hand, the spraying area of the water outlet from the pipe head is larger and the energy dissipation effect is better;

[0019] 6. The pipe head of the present invention is a fan-shaped flat mouth structure, and the water sprayed from the pipe head is distributed in a fan shape, which greatly increases the coverage area of the water spray of the pipe head, and can make the water more evenly distributed on the slope surface, with small impact force and stronger energy dissipation effect;

[0020] 7. The outlet direction of the pipe head of the present invention is parallel to the slope surface, so that the water flow sprayed from the pipe head can be evenly sprayed on the slope surface, further reducing the impact of the water flow on the slope. The energy of the water flow spraying is more dissipated through the blocking effect of the slope surface, and the destructiveness to the slope surface is small;

[0021] 8. The pipe head of the present invention is attached to the slope surface, and the water output from the pipe head is directly sprayed onto the slope surface, thereby avoiding direct impact on the slope surface, achieving better diffusion and distribution effects of the water flow, and having less impact on the slope surface.

[0022] The flood discharge and energy dissipation structure of the present invention is extremely simple, the construction cost is extremely low, and the construction difficulty is extremely low. It can well dissipate the energy of drainage in the flood discharge tunnel and has great promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the flood discharge and energy dissipation structure of this embodiment (viewed from above);

[0024] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the drainage channel and drainage structure of the present embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 : The specification of this embodiment is attached Figure 2 A part of the enlarged schematic diagram;

[0026] Among them: 1—flood discharge tunnel; 2—energy dissipation pool; 3—panshan drainage channel; 4—drainage pipe; 5—pipe head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 The flood discharge energy dissipation structure of this embodiment is built at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel to dissipate the water flow in the flood discharge tunnel 1 on the slope (such as Figure 1 a is the direction of water flow in the flood discharge tunnel 1) to dissipate the impact energy of the water flow in the flood discharge tunnel 1, so that it is widely dispersed on the slope surface, and the slope surface (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, c represents the slope direction of the slope) on the surface of the slope to block the water flow and dissipate energy. Finally, the water flows through the ditch at the bottom of the slope and flows into the river, achieving the function of flood discharge and energy dissipation.

[0032] In this embodiment, an energy dissipation pool 2 is arranged at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel 1. The energy dissipation pool 2 collects and dissipates the water flow discharged from the flood discharge tunnel 1, and on the other hand, facilitates secondary distribution of the water flow. The energy dissipation pool 2 is connected to at least one winding mountain drainage channel 3, which can be built according to the actual terrain requirements, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are two winding mountain drainage channels 3 in this embodiment.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the Panshan drainage channel 3 is a Panshan channel built on a slope and gradually descends along the slope gradient direction. The end of the Panshan drainage channel 3 near the energy dissipation pool 2 is higher than the end away from the energy dissipation pool 2, that is, the high point of the Panshan drainage channel 3 is at the energy dissipation pool 2, and the low point is at the end of the Panshan drainage channel 3 away from the energy dissipation pool 2. The altitude of the Panshan drainage channel 3 gradually decreases from the high point to the low point, ensuring that the water flow can flow from the Panshan drainage channel 3 (such as Figure 1As shown, the direction b in the figure is the water flow direction in the Panshan drainage channel 3) from its high point to its low point.

[0034] In order to increase the extension length of the Panshan drainage channel 3, the Panshan drainage channel 3 of the present embodiment is a Panshan channel whose extension direction intersects with the slope gradient direction. If the extension direction of the Panshan drainage channel 3 is parallel to the slope gradient direction, the length of the Panshan drainage channel 3 is too short, which is not conducive to the energy dissipation of the water flow, and if the slope gradient is too large, it will also cause the water flow from the high point to the low point to flow at a significantly faster speed, thereby enhancing the impact effect. The extension direction of the Panshan drainage channel 3 is designed to intersect with the slope gradient direction, which is conducive to significantly extending the length of the Panshan drainage channel 3, increasing the distribution range of the water flow, slowing down the slope of the Panshan drainage channel 3, and playing a good energy dissipation role.

[0035] The Panshan drainage channel 3 is provided with a plurality of drainage structures for discharging the water in the Panshan drainage channel 3 onto the slope, and the plurality of drainage structures are arranged in equal intervals in the extending direction of the Panshan drainage channel 3. Figure 3 As shown, the drainage structure includes a drainage pipe 4 whose inlet end is connected to the Panshan drainage channel 3 and a pipe head 5 installed at the outlet end of the drainage pipe.

[0036] In order to better distribute the water flow discharged from the pipe head 5 to the slope surface, the pipe head 5 of this embodiment is designed as a cavity structure with a small end close to the drain pipe 4 and a large end away from the drain pipe 4. It can be designed as a trumpet-shaped cavity structure or a flat-mouth cavity structure with a fan-shaped cross-section, as long as the water flow can be evenly dispersed on the slope surface.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the pipe head of this embodiment is a flat-mouth cavity structure with a fan-shaped cross-section. The outlet direction of the pipe head 5 is parallel to the slope surface at the pipe head 5, and the pipe head 5 is attached to the slope surface at the pipe head 5.

[0038] During the actual construction, the following steps are followed: 1) According to the terrain conditions at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel 1, an energy dissipation pool 2 is built at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel, and a winding mountain drainage channel 3 is built on the slope surface at the exit of the flood discharge tunnel 1, and the high point of the winding mountain drainage channel 3 is connected with the energy dissipation pool 1, and the winding mountain drainage channel 3 gradually descends along the slope direction, so that the extension direction of the winding mountain drainage channel 3 intersects with the slope direction;

[0039] 2) A drainage structure is installed on the lower side of the Panshan drainage channel 3 along the slope direction, including a drainage pipe 4 connected to the inside of the Panshan drainage channel 3, and a flat-mouthed hollow pipe head 5 with a fan-shaped cross-section and a small end and a large end is installed at the outlet end of the drainage pipe 4, so that the water flow in the Panshan drainage channel 3 is sprayed onto the slope surface through the drainage pipe 4 and the pipe head 5, and the energy of the water flow is dissipated through the blocking effect of the slope surface.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large elevation difference slope at the outlet of a flood discharge tunnel, characterized in that: The invention comprises an energy dissipation pool (2) connected to an outlet of a flood discharge tunnel (1); the energy dissipation pool (2) is connected to at least one winding drainage channel (3); the winding drainage channel (3) is a winding channel built on a slope and gradually descends along the slope gradient direction, and an end of the winding drainage channel (3) near the energy dissipation pool (2) is higher than an end far from the energy dissipation pool (2); a plurality of drainage structures are arranged on the winding drainage channel (3) to discharge water in the winding drainage channel (3) onto the slope; and the plurality of drainage structures are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extending direction of the winding drainage channel (3); The drainage structure is located on the side wall of the winding mountain drainage channel (3) on the side with a lower altitude along the slope gradient direction; The water flows through ditches at the bottom of the slope and into the river.

2. The flood discharge energy dissipation structure with a large elevation difference slope at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding drainage channel (3) is a winding channel whose extension direction intersects with the slope gradient direction.

3. A flood discharge energy dissipation structure with a large height difference slope at the outlet of a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The drainage structure comprises a drainage pipe (4) whose inlet end is connected to the Panshan drainage channel (3) and a pipe head (5) installed at the outlet end of the drainage pipe.

4. The flood discharge energy dissipation structure with a large height difference slope at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel as described in claim 3, wherein: The pipe head (5) is a trumpet-shaped cavity structure having a small end close to the drain pipe (4) and a large end away from the drain pipe (4).

5. The flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large elevation difference slope at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The pipe head (5) is a flat-mouthed hollow structure with a fan-shaped cross-section, with a small end close to the drain pipe (4) and a large end away from the drain pipe (4).

6. The flood discharge and energy dissipation structure with a large elevation difference slope at the outlet of the flood discharge tunnel as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The outlet direction of the pipe head (5) is parallel to the slope surface at the pipe head (5).

7. A flood discharge energy dissipation structure with a large elevation difference slope at the outlet of a flood discharge tunnel as claimed in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The pipe head (5) is fitted onto the sloped surface at the pipe head (5).

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