Naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique grating

Abstract

The present invention discloses a naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings, comprising a display panel and a grating lens overlying the display panel for refracting light. The grating lens comprises a plurality of parallel lens columns, positioned at a first angle relative to the column direction of pixel units. The lens columns comprise a first refractive mechanism and a second refractive mechanism, with a non-refracting region for directing light disposed between the first and second refractive mechanisms. A non-refracting region for directing light is also disposed between adjacent lens columns. By providing a non-refracting region in a crosstalk region, the present invention allows pixels corresponding to the non-refracting region to be simultaneously visible to both eyes in 2D mode, while maintaining the 3D viewing effect. This reduces the proportion of image loss in 2D mode, thereby improving the viewing effect in 2D mode while maintaining the 3D viewing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of naked-eye 3D technology, and in particular to a naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings. Background Art

[0002] The mainstream naked-eye 3D products currently on the market are all based on cylindrical mirror grating technology. Simply put, it actually adds a layer of special 3D optical components (such as optical splitter gratings, etc., optical devices composed of glass and high molecular polymers) on the display screen. By using the splitting effect of the grating and the 3D imaging principle of the human eye to see the world, the 3D image information processed by the image arrangement is effectively separated into left and right views according to preset rules, and the left and right eyes are respectively received in a certain area, and finally a 3D image is formed in the brain.

[0003] There are two traditional lenticular lens technology solutions. One, called flat lenticular technology, arranges the grating parallel to the pixels. While this technology offers excellent display quality and is more compatible with LCD screens, it is less compatible with mainstream OLED displays. Furthermore, it requires extremely high precision in grating processing and installation, resulting in high costs and difficulty in promotion, making it unsuitable for large-scale commercial use. The other, currently the mainstream technology on the market, is tilted lenticular technology. This technology has excellent compatibility and is compatible with all mainstream displays. It also offers relatively low processing and installation difficulties, low costs, and is easy to promote. However, achieving both 2D and 3D viewing experiences remains a challenge for the industry.

[0004] Existing technologies typically optimize 2D / 3D display effects by adjusting the grating pitch. While increasing the grating pitch significantly improves the 3D display quality, the larger the refraction area, the loss of some image information when viewing 2D images, severely impacting the viewing experience. Reducing the grating pitch degrades the 3D display quality, thereby diminishing its commercial value. Therefore, this technology only optimizes the 3D display effect and cannot guarantee a balanced viewing experience for both 2D and 3D displays. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings to improve both 2D and 3D viewing effects in response to the defects of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings includes a display panel and a grating lens overlying the display panel for refracting light, wherein the display panel has a plurality of pixel units arranged in a rectangular array, and the grating lens includes a plurality of parallel lens columns, wherein the lens columns are arranged at a first angle with respect to the column direction of the pixel units, and the first angle is greater than 0° and less than 180°;

[0008] The lens column includes a first refraction mechanism and a second refraction mechanism for refracting light in opposite directions, and a non-refractive area for direct light is provided between the first refraction mechanism and the second refraction mechanism;

[0009] The non-refractive area for directing light is also provided between two adjacent lens columns.

[0010] Preferably, the first refraction mechanism and the second refraction mechanism are symmetrically arranged and have the same refractive index.

[0011] Preferably, the first refraction mechanism comprises at least one first refraction unit, and the first refraction unit is provided with a first refraction surface for emitting refracted light;

[0012] The second refraction mechanism includes at least one second refraction unit, and the second refraction unit is provided with a second refraction surface for emitting refracted light;

[0013] The first refractive surface and the second refractive surface are arranged symmetrically one to one.

[0014] Preferably, the first refractive unit and the second refractive unit are both triangular prisms, the cross section of the triangular prism is a right triangle, and the first refractive surface and the second refractive surface are arranged on the hypotenuse of the right triangle;

[0015] Alternatively, the first refractive unit and the second refractive unit are both triangular prisms, the cross section of the triangular prism is a right-angled triangle, the hypotenuse opposite to the right angle is arc-shaped, and the first refractive surface and the second refractive surface are arranged on the arc-shaped hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle.

[0016] Preferably, in the first refraction mechanism, at least two of the first refraction units are arranged in sequence;

[0017] In the second refraction mechanism, at least two of the second refraction units are arranged in sequence;

[0018] The arrangement direction of the first refraction units and the second refraction units is consistent with the arrangement direction of the lens columns.

[0019] Preferably, in the first refractive mechanism, at least two of the first refractive surfaces are parallel to each other or have the same curvature or continuous curvature;

[0020] In the second refractive mechanism, at least two of the second refractive surfaces are parallel to each other or have the same curvature or continuous curvature.

[0021] Preferably, at least one of the first refraction units and at least one of the second refraction units have the same height.

[0022] Preferably, the lens column is a discontinuous lens column, the first refraction mechanism and the second refraction mechanism are arranged at intervals, and the non-refractive area is a blank area.

[0023] Preferably, the first refractive mechanism and the second refractive mechanism are connected as a whole via a first connecting surface, and the non-refractive area includes the first connecting surface;

[0024] The first connecting surface is a direct plane arranged parallel to the display panel, and two ends of the direct plane are respectively connected to the first refraction unit and the second refraction unit.

[0025] Preferably, the grating lens is a discontinuous lens, and two adjacent lens columns are spaced apart;

[0026] Alternatively, adjacent lens columns are connected as a whole via a second connecting surface, the non-refractive region includes the second connecting surface, and the second connecting surface is a direct plane arranged parallel to the display panel.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: by providing a non-refractive area in the crosstalk area, the 3D viewing effect is not affected. Since the light in the non-refractive area is directly incident on the non-refractive area, the pixels corresponding to the non-refractive area can be seen by both the left and right eyes in the 2D mode, thereby reducing the missing ratio of the image due to refraction in the 2D mode, thereby improving the viewing effect in the 2D mode while ensuring the 3D viewing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of an embodiment of a naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 1 is a top view schematic diagram of the corresponding cooperation between the display panel and the grating lens in one embodiment of the naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating lens in a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a grating before improvement, a display panel, and corresponding arrangements of pixel units in the grating before improvement and the display panel;

[0042] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the improved grating, display panel and corresponding arrangement of the improved grating and pixel units in the display panel provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The present invention provides a naked eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings, referring to Figure 1 It may include a display panel 1 and a grating lens 2 covering the display panel 1 and used for refracting light. The grating lens 2 is used to split the image displayed by the display panel 1. Through the refraction of light by the grating lens 2, different display contents are refracted to different places in space, so that different contents reach the left and right eyes of a person, thus producing a 3D effect.

[0045] In the present invention, the display panel 1 has a plurality of pixel units 10 arranged in a rectangular array, and the grating lens 2 includes a plurality of parallel lens columns 20. In the present invention, the lens columns 20 are placed at a first angle with respect to the column direction of the pixel units 10. Specifically, the first angle ranges from 0° to 180°, that is, the lens columns 20 are placed obliquely on the pixel units 10 arranged in a matrix.

[0046] For further reference, Figure 3 The lens column 20 includes a first refractive mechanism 21 and a second refractive mechanism 22 for refracting light in opposite directions. A non-refractive region 23 for directing light is provided between the first refractive mechanism 21 and the second refractive mechanism 22, as well as between adjacent lens columns 20. That is, light is emitted in a straight line from the non-refractive region 23 without any refraction. In the present invention, since the lens column 20 is positioned at a first angle with respect to the column direction of the pixel units 10, the non-refractive region 23 does not have a one-to-one correspondence with any pixel unit 10. Therefore, the width of the non-refractive region 23 is not subject to any limitation in the present invention.

[0047] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The corresponding relationship between the lens column 20 and the pixel unit 10 in some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 , from a top view angle, the lens column 20 is set at a first angle to the column direction of the pixel unit 10. On the display panel 1, the L area is correspondingly covered by the first refraction mechanism 21, so that the image presented by the pixel unit 10 in the L area is refracted by the first refraction mechanism 21 and can enter the viewer's left eye; the R area is correspondingly covered by the second refraction unit 22, so that the image presented by the pixel unit 10 in the R area is refracted by the second refraction mechanism 22 and enters the viewer's right eye. The x and y regions are crosstalk regions. Before the improvement, the corresponding pixel units were simultaneously covered by the first refractive mechanism 21 and the second refractive mechanism 22, resulting in the corresponding pixel units being partially seen by the left eye and partially seen by the right eye. Existing technologies have been developed to improve these crosstalk regions. By turning off the brightness of the pixel units 10 corresponding to the crosstalk regions, the impact of the crosstalk regions on the left and right viewing zones is reduced, thereby improving the 3D display effect. The present invention configures the refractive mechanisms corresponding to the crosstalk regions as non-refractive regions 23. The pixel units 10 corresponding to the non-refractive regions 23 can be seen by both the left and right eyes simultaneously. Therefore, the present invention can directly utilize existing related technologies in 3D mode to ensure its viewing effect in 3D mode. Detailed description is omitted here. However, since the pixel units corresponding to the non-refractive regions 23 can be viewed by both the left and right eyes simultaneously in 2D mode, the non-refractive regions 23 can provide visual compensation for the image displayed on the display panel 1 in 2D mode, thereby reducing the image loss observed by the human eye in 2D mode.

[0048] In the present invention, reference is made to Figures 3 to 6The first refraction mechanism 21 includes at least one first refraction unit 211, and the first refraction unit 211 is provided with a first refraction surface 2111 for emitting the refracted light. Further, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first refractive unit 211 may be in the shape of a triangular prism, that is, the cross section of the first refractive unit 211 is a triangle, specifically a right triangle, and the first refractive surface 2111 is the hypotenuse of the right triangle. In this embodiment, one right-angled side of the right triangle is placed parallel to the display panel 1, and the other right-angled side is placed perpendicular to the display panel 1, so that the light is refracted and emitted through the first refractive surface 2111; in other embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first refractive element 211 is specifically shaped like a triangular prism, meaning that its cross-section is triangular, specifically, a right-angled triangle. In this embodiment, the right-angled triangle includes two mutually perpendicular sides and a curved hypotenuse. The first refractive surface 2111 serves as the curved hypotenuse. In this embodiment, as in the above embodiment, one of the sides of the right-angled triangle is positioned parallel to the display panel 1, while the other side is positioned perpendicular to the display panel 1. The curved hypotenuse serves as the first refractive surface 2111 for emitting the refracted light.

[0049] Furthermore, each first refraction mechanism 21 may include one first refraction unit 211, or may include multiple first refraction units 211. When each refraction mechanism includes multiple first refraction units 211, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , a plurality of first refractive units 211 are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the lens column 20. In this embodiment, as described in the above embodiment, the first refractive surface 2111 can be an oblique plane or a curved surface. When the first refractive surface 2111 is an oblique plane, as Figure 4 As shown, multiple first refractive surfaces 2111 are arranged in parallel; when the first refractive surface 2111 is a curved surface, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the multiple first refractive surfaces 2111 have the same curvature or continuous curvature.

[0050] Similarly, refer to Figures 3 to 6 In the present invention, the second refraction mechanism 22 includes at least one second refraction unit 221, and the second refraction unit 221 is provided with a second refraction surface 2211 for emitting the refracted light. Further, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4The second refractive unit 221 may be specifically in the shape of a triangular prism, that is, the cross section of the second refractive unit 221 is a triangle, specifically a right triangle, and the second refractive surface 2211 is the hypotenuse of the right triangle. In this embodiment, one right-angled side of the right triangle is placed parallel to the display panel 1, and the other right-angled side is placed perpendicular to the display panel 1, so that the light is refracted and emitted through the second refractive surface 2211; in other embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The second refractive element 221 is specifically shaped like a triangular prism, meaning that its cross-section is triangular, specifically, a right-angled triangle. In this embodiment, the right-angled triangle includes two mutually perpendicular sides and a curved hypotenuse. The second refractive surface 2211 serves as the curved hypotenuse. In this embodiment, as in the above embodiment, one of the sides of the right-angled triangle is positioned parallel to the display panel 1, while the other side is positioned perpendicular to the display panel 1. The curved hypotenuse serves as the second refractive surface 2211 for emitting the refracted light.

[0051] Furthermore, each second refractive mechanism 22 may include one second refractive unit 221, or may include multiple second refractive units 221. When each refractive mechanism includes multiple second refractive units 221, the multiple second refractive units 221 are sequentially arranged along the arrangement direction of the lens columns 20. In this embodiment, as described in the above embodiment, the second refractive surface 2211 may be an oblique plane or a curved surface. When the second refractive surface 2211 is an oblique plane, the multiple second refractive surfaces 2211 are arranged in parallel; when the second refractive surface 2211 is a curved surface, the multiple second refractive surfaces 2211 have the same curvature or a continuous curvature.

[0052] In the present invention, the number of first refractive units 211 and second refractive units 221 is preferably the same, with a one-to-one correspondence. Furthermore, the first refractive surfaces 2111 and the second refractive surfaces 2211 are symmetrically arranged one-to-one. That is, the mutually symmetrical first refractive surfaces 2111 and the second refractive surfaces 2211 can both be oblique planes or curved surfaces, without limitation. In some embodiments, the heights of the first refractive units 211 and the second refractive units 221 are consistent.

[0053] By providing a plurality of continuously arranged first refraction units 211 in the first refraction mechanism 21 and a plurality of continuously arranged second refraction units 221 in the second refraction mechanism 22, the pitch of the lens column 20 is enlarged, and the 3D display effect of the lens column 20 on the display panel 1 can be further improved.

[0054] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 3-Figure 6 , the lens column 20 may be a discontinuous lens column 20, that is, the first refractive mechanism 21 and the second refractive mechanism 22 are arranged at intervals. In this embodiment, the non-refractive area 23 is a blank area; in other embodiments, reference Figure 7 The first refractive mechanism 21 and the second refractive mechanism 22 are connected as a whole via a first connecting surface 231. In this embodiment, the non-refractive region 23 includes a first connecting surface 231, which is specifically a directing plane. The material of the first refractive mechanism 21 and the second refractive mechanism 22 can be the same or different, without limitation. The directing plane is arranged parallel to the display panel 1, and the ends of the directing plane are respectively connected to the first refractive unit 211 and the second refractive unit 221, thereby connecting the lens column 20 as a whole. In this embodiment, the ends of the directing plane can be simultaneously connected to any height of the first refractive unit 211 and the second refractive unit 221, without limitation. Furthermore, the first connecting surface 231 can be integrally provided with the first refractive unit 211 and the second refractive unit 221. The above lists only two specific embodiments of the non-refractive region 23. It is understood that any region that can allow light to be directly incident can be considered as the non-refractive region 23 of the present invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the grating lens 2 provided by the present invention can be a discontinuous grating or a continuous grating. When the grating lens 2 is a discontinuous grating, refer to Figure 7 Adjacent lens columns 20 can be spaced apart, so that a non-refractive region 23 is also formed between the gratings of the two lens columns 20, and the image formed by the pixel unit 10 corresponding to the non-refractive region 23 directly enters the human eye. Figure 8 and Figure 9 When the grating lens 2 is a continuous grating, adjacent lenses can be connected end to end via the second connecting surface 232, thereby forming a complete lens. That is, the non-refractive region includes the second connecting surface 232, which can also be a direct plane. The second connecting surface 232 can be made of the same material as the lens column 20, or a different material, without limitation. When the second connecting surface 232 and the lens column 20 are made of the same material, they can be integrally provided, thereby realizing a complete grating lens. The direct plane is arranged parallel to the display panel 1, with both ends of the direct plane connected to any adjacent lens column 20 at the same height, thereby ensuring that light is not refracted when it exits the direct plane.

[0056] refer to Figure 10-12 In the present invention, the first connecting surface 231 and the second connecting surface 232 can be set at the same height or at different heights, which is not limited here.

[0057] The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings provided by the present invention, wherein the display panel 1 can be specifically: a liquid crystal panel, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet, or any other product or component with a display function, without limitation herein.

[0058] It is understandable that the Figure 1-12These are only some of the implementation forms of the present invention, not an exhaustive list. Any combination of the above technical features may be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 13 and Figure 14 Shows a comparison diagram before and after the improvement of the present invention. Before the improvement, reference Figure 13 When the grating is placed on the display panel, the left viewing area of ​​the grating covers some pixels on the display panel, and the right viewing area of ​​the grating covers some pixels on the display panel. Therefore, the intersection line of the left and right viewing areas of the grating is the viewing area dividing line, and the pixels corresponding to the divided viewing area dividing line can be seen by the left and right eyes at the same time. Figure 14 The present invention sets the crosstalk portion of the grating that can be seen by both the left and right eyes as a plane parallel to the bottom surface, or separates the left and right viewing areas to form non-refractive regions. This effectively improves the display effect in 2D mode, as the plane or non-refractive region allows direct light, allowing the pixels corresponding to this portion to be directly illuminated and simultaneously enter the left and right eyes of the user, without changing the display effect in 3D mode. In the present invention, a naked-eye 3D display module based on an oblique grating can switch between 2D and 3D modes. In 3D mode, the left-view image is refracted by the first refraction mechanism 21 and enters the viewer's left eye, while the right-view image is refracted by the second refraction mechanism 22 and enters the viewer's right eye. The pixel units 10 separated by the non-refractive region 23 can be processed according to the crosstalk region processing method in the prior art to avoid ghosting. Furthermore, the grating pitch can be enlarged by providing a plurality of sequentially arranged first refraction units 211 in the first refraction mechanism 21 and a plurality of sequentially arranged second refraction units 221 in the second refraction mechanism 22, thereby improving the 3D display effect. In 2D mode, the pixel units 10 divided by the non-refractive areas 23 display normal images, and the light is not refracted and can enter the viewer's left and right eyes at the same time, thereby compensating the displayed image to a certain extent, avoiding serious image loss observed by the human eye in 2D mode, and further improving the viewing effect in 2D mode.

[0060] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings, comprising a display panel (1) and a grating lens (2) covering the display panel (1) for refracting light, wherein the display panel (1) has a plurality of pixel units (10) arranged in a rectangular array, and is characterized in that: The grating lens (2) comprises a plurality of lens columns (20) arranged in parallel, wherein the lens columns (20) are arranged at a first angle with respect to the column direction of the pixel units (10), and the first angle is greater than 0° and less than 180°; The lens column (20) comprises a first refraction mechanism (21) and a second refraction mechanism (22) for refracting light in opposite directions, and a non-refractive region (23) for direct light is provided between the first refraction mechanism (21) and the second refraction mechanism (22); The non-refractive region (23) for directing light is also provided between two adjacent lens columns (20); the non-refractive region (23) is not in a one-to-one correspondence with any pixel unit (10).

2. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first refraction mechanism (21) and the second refraction mechanism (22) are symmetrically arranged and have the same refractive index.

3. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first refraction mechanism (21) comprises at least one first refraction unit (211), and the first refraction unit (211) is provided with a first refraction surface (2111) for emitting refracted light. The second refraction mechanism (22) comprises at least one second refraction unit (221), and the second refraction unit (221) is provided with a second refraction surface (2211) for emitting refracted light. The first refractive surface (2111) and the second refractive surface (2211) are symmetrically arranged one by one.

4. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first refractive unit (211) and the second refractive unit (221) are both triangular prisms, the cross section of the triangular prism is a right triangle, and the first refractive surface (2111) and the second refractive surface (2211) are arranged on the hypotenuse of the right triangle; Alternatively, the first refractive unit (211) and the second refractive unit (221) are both triangular prism-like, the cross section of the triangular prism-like is a right-angled triangle-like, the hypotenuse opposite to the right angle is an arc, and the first refractive surface (2111) and the second refractive surface (2211) are arranged on the arc-shaped hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle-like.

5. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the first refraction mechanism (21), at least two of the first refraction units (211) are arranged in sequence; In the second refraction mechanism (22), at least two of the second refraction units (221) are arranged in sequence; The arrangement direction of the first refraction unit (211) and the second refraction unit (221) is consistent with the arrangement direction of the lens column (20).

6. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the first refractive mechanism (21), at least two of the first refractive surfaces (2111) are parallel to each other or have the same curvature or continuous curvature; In the second refractive mechanism (22), at least two of the second refractive surfaces (2211) are parallel to each other or have the same curvature or continuous curvature.

7. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least one of the first refraction units (211) and at least one of the second refraction units (221) have the same height.

8. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens column (20) is a discontinuous lens column (20), the first refraction mechanism (21) and the second refraction mechanism (22) are arranged at intervals, and the non-refractive area (23) is a blank area.

9. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 1, wherein: The first refractive mechanism (21) and the second refractive mechanism (22) are connected as a whole via a first connecting surface (231), and the non-refractive region (23) includes the first connecting surface (231); The first connecting surface (231) is a direct plane arranged parallel to the display panel (1), and two ends of the direct plane are respectively connected to the first refraction unit (211) and the second refraction unit (221).

10. The naked-eye 3D display module based on oblique gratings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating lens (2) is a discontinuous lens, and two adjacent lens columns (20) are arranged at intervals; Alternatively, adjacent lens columns (20) are connected as a whole via a second connecting surface (232), the non-refractive region (23) includes the second connecting surface (232), and the second connecting surface (232) is a direct plane arranged parallel to the display panel (1).

Images