A micro-spraying device and control method for soilless cultivation in agriculture

Abstract

The present invention discloses a micro-spray device and a control method for soilless cultivation in agriculture, including a water pump, an air pump and a plurality of nozzle assemblies; the nozzle assembly includes a connecting piece and a nozzle body, and a plurality of flow channels are inclinedly arranged at the edge of the nozzle body, and the flow channels are communicated with the cavity of the nozzle; the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the soilless cultivation bracket for placing plants, the nozzle body is rotatably connected to the lower end of the connecting piece, and the cavity of the nozzle body is communicated with the cavity of the connecting piece; the nozzle body is connected with a foaming assembly, a liquid storage tank is arranged below the nozzle body, and the liquid storage tank is fixedly connected with the soilless cultivation bracket. By improving the nozzle and structure of the existing fog cultivation equipment, the present invention adds a spray-bubbling function on the existing basis, which can be used for spraying nutrient solution. A small amount of bubble liquid can generate a large number of bubbles, the amount of nutrient solution is small, and the nutrient solution does not need to be circulated to reduce pathogen pollution; and the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soilless cultivation equipment, and particularly relates to a micro-spray device and control method for agricultural soilless cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Aeroponics, also known as aerosol cultivation, is a new type of cultivation method. It is a soilless cultivation technology that uses a spray device to atomize the nutrient solution into small droplets and directly spray them onto the plant roots to provide the water and nutrients required for plant growth. In aeroponics, most of the nutrient solution cannot adhere to the roots and falls into the collection pool below for recycling and repeated spraying. The multiple recycling processes will cause bacteria to breed and leave pathogens. At the same time, the energy consumption is large and the efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a micro-spray device and control method for agricultural soilless cultivation, which solves the problems of low utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution in the existing aeroponics device and the problem of pathogen pollution caused by the recycling of the nutrient solution.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A micro-spray device for agricultural soilless cultivation includes a water pump, an air pump, and a plurality of nozzle assemblies;

[0006] The nozzle assembly includes a connecting member and a nozzle body. The connecting member has a through structure in the middle. A plurality of flow channels are obliquely opened at the edge of the nozzle body, and the flow channels communicate with the cavity of the nozzle. The connecting member is fixedly connected to the soilless cultivation bracket for placing plants, the nozzle body is rotatably connected to the lower end of the connecting member, and the cavity of the nozzle body communicates with the cavity of the connecting member;

[0007] The outlets of the water pump and the air pump are respectively connected to one port of a tee. The third interface of the tee is connected to the connecting member through a pipeline, and a pressure regulating valve is provided on the pipeline; the inlet of the water pump is connected to the nutrient solution storage tank;

[0008] The nozzle body is connected to a foaming assembly, and a liquid storage pool is arranged below the nozzle body. The liquid storage pool is fixedly connected to the soilless cultivation bracket.

[0009] Further improvement, the foaming assembly includes a connecting rod, a turntable, a plurality of assisting plates, and a bubble ring;

[0010] One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the nozzle body, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the turntable through a bearing. One end of each assisting plate is connected to the turntable, and the other end is connected to a corresponding bubble ring. The plurality of assisting plates are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the turntable. After the high-pressure gas is ejected from the flow channel of the nozzle body, it impacts the assisting plate, driving the turntable, the assisting plates, and the bubble ring to rotate together.

[0011] For further improvement, the bottom of the liquid storage tank protrudes upward to form a concave-convex structure that is high in the middle and low around.

[0012] For further improvement, a liquid level gauge is provided in the liquid storage tank.

[0013] For further improvement, the nutrient solution storage barrel is filled with a mixed solution formed by a nutrient solution and a surfactant. Adding a surfactant to the nutrient solution to make a mixed solution can be used for foaming. The composition of the surfactant is 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8% glucose, 0.5% Kathon, 1.5% baking soda, 0.3% food essence, and 0.2% pigment. The substances in the surfactant are all natural and environmentally friendly substances, and some of them can be directly degraded.

[0014] Based on the above control method of the micro-spraying device for agricultural soilless cultivation, it includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Set up the micro-spraying device for agricultural soilless cultivation, and put the mixed solution formed by the nutrient solution and the surfactant into the nutrient solution storage barrel.

[0016] Step 2: Turn on the water pump and turn off the air pump. The mixed solution is sent into the cavity of the nozzle body through the pipeline, and then flows into the liquid storage tank from the flow channel; at the same time, the conveying pressure of the mixed solution is reduced through the pressure regulating valve, so the nozzle body does not rotate.

[0017] Step 3: Detect the liquid level in the liquid storage tank through the liquid level gauge. When the liquid level reaches the set value, turn off the water pump and turn on the air pump; the air is pressurized by the air pump and sent into the cavity of the nozzle body through the pipeline, and then sprayed out from the flow channel. The gas pressure is increased through the pressure regulating valve; the nozzle body rotates around the connecting piece. At the same time, the high-pressure gas impacts the assisting plate, driving the turntable, the assisting plate and the bubble ring to rotate around the connecting rod together. During the rotation process, each bubble ring circulates into and out of the mixed solution in the liquid storage tank. After the bubble ring immerses in the mixed solution, the liquid forms a film on the bubble ring. When the bubble ring moves out of the liquid surface, the gas blows the tension film to form bubbles; the bubbles diffuse and burst in the air, spraying the solution in the form of fine particles on the crops for nutrient solution spraying.

[0018] Step 4: When the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is lower than the set minimum liquid level, repeat Steps 1 to 3.

[0019] For further optimization, when the nozzle assembly needs to be cleaned regularly, connect the inlet of the water pump to the tap water pipe, then turn on the water pump and turn off the air pump. The tap water is sent into the cavity of the nozzle body through the pipeline, and then flows into the liquid storage tank from the flow channel to clean it.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. By improving the nozzle and structure of the existing fog cultivation equipment, the present invention adds a bubble spraying function on the existing basis. It can be used for spraying nutrient solution. A small amount of bubble liquid can generate a large number of bubbles. The amount of nutrient solution is small and the nutrient solution does not need to be recycled to reduce pathogen contamination. At the same time, the bubbles are sprayed through an air pump and are in a state of coexistence of gas and liquid, which can also well solve the problem of oxygen supply to the roots.

[0022] 2. Bubbles have a small mass, strong diffusibility, small and uniform droplets after explosion, and the droplets can be scattered to various positions of the roots, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution.

[0023] 3. The surfactants used in the present invention are all biodegradable and will not harm the roots of crops, so they are safe to use. At the same time, the device also has the effect of atomizing water spraying, which can be used to clean the device or supplement water to the roots when necessary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the soilless cultivation in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the nozzle assembly described in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is the front view of the nozzle body and the foaming assembly;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram of the foaming assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. All the same reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same components.

[0029] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-4 shown, a micro-spray device for agricultural soilless cultivation includes a water pump 2, an air pump 1 and a plurality of nozzle assemblies 5;

[0030] The nozzle assembly 5 includes a connector 51 and a nozzle body 53. The connector 51 has a through structure in the middle. A plurality of flow channels are inclinedly opened at the edge of the nozzle body 9, and the flow channels are communicated with the cavity of the nozzle; the connector 51 is fixedly connected to the soilless cultivation bracket 3 for placing plants through a housing 52. The nozzle body 53 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the connector 51, and the cavity of the nozzle body is communicated with the cavity of the connector.

[0031] The outlets of the water pump 2 and the air pump 1 are respectively connected to one port of a tee. The third interface of the tee is connected to the connector through a pipeline, and a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline. The inlet of the water pump is communicated with the nutrient solution storage barrel.

[0032] The nozzle body 53 is connected to the foaming assembly. A liquid storage tank 54 is arranged below the nozzle body, and the liquid storage tank 54 is fixedly connected to the soilless cultivation support 3 through the housing 52.

[0033] In this embodiment, the foaming assembly includes a connecting rod 8, a turntable, a plurality of boosting plates 6 and a bubble ring 7. One end of the connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the nozzle body, and the other end of the connecting rod 8 is connected to the turntable through a bearing. One end of each boosting plate 6 is connected to the turntable, and the other end is connected to a corresponding bubble ring 7. The plurality of boosting plates are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the turntable. After the high-pressure gas is ejected from the flow channel of the nozzle body, it impacts the boosting plates, driving the turntable, the boosting plates and the bubble ring to rotate together.

[0034] In this embodiment, the bottom of the liquid storage tank 54 protrudes upward to form a concave-convex structure that is high in the middle and low around, enabling the foaming ring to fully cover the film in the rotating state.

[0035] In this embodiment, a liquid level gauge is arranged in the liquid storage tank 54 for detecting the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the liquid storage tank.

[0036] In this embodiment, the nutrient solution storage barrel is filled with a mixed liquid formed by a nutrient solution and a surfactant. Adding a surfactant to the nutrient solution to make a mixed solution can be used for foaming. The formula of the surfactant is 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8% glucose, 0.5% Kathon, 1.5% baking soda, 0.3% food essence, 0.2% pigment. The substances in the surfactant are all natural and environmentally friendly substances, and some of them can be directly degraded.

[0037] In this embodiment, the nozzle body, the foaming assembly, the liquid storage tank, and the connecting piece are all made of plastic products, and there are no devices such as motors and fan blades at the nozzle, with low cost.

[0038] Working principle: First, turn on the water pump, and draw the mixed solution of the surfactant and the organic nutrient solution into the nozzle body through the pipeline with a relatively small water pressure. Under the action of the small pressure, the solution flows out of the flow channel and gathers in the liquid storage tank, while the rotating body does not rotate; when the water level in the liquid storage tank reaches the position where the foaming ring is located, turn on the air pump, adjust the corresponding air pressure to make the nozzle rotate slowly, drive the foaming ring to rotate in the solution of the water storage tank. At this time, the foaming ring covers the film, and at the same time, the gas ejected from the flow channel blows the tension film to form bubbles; the bubbles diffuse and burst in the air, spraying the solution in the form of droplets on the crops for nutrient solution spraying. At the same time, if it is necessary to clean the soilless cultivation glass cover 4, or when the crops need to be replenished with water, an adjustable pressure water pump can be used in combination with the nozzle for atomized water spraying.

[0039] Embodiment 2: Based on the above control method of the micro-spraying device for agricultural soilless cultivation, it includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Set up a micro-spray device for soilless cultivation in agriculture, and fill the mixed solution formed by nutrient solution and surfactant into the nutrient solution storage tank;

[0041] Step 2: Turn on the water pump and turn off the air pump. The mixed solution is sent into the cavity of the spray head body through the pipeline, and then flows into the liquid storage tank through the flow channel; at the same time, the conveying pressure of the mixed solution is reduced through the pressure regulating valve, so the spray head body does not rotate;

[0042] Step 3: Detect the liquid level in the liquid storage tank through the liquid level gauge. When the liquid level reaches the set value, turn off the water pump and turn on the air pump; the air is sent into the cavity of the spray head body through the pipeline after being pressurized by the air pump, and then sprayed out through the flow channel. The gas pressure is increased through the pressure regulating valve; the spray head body rotates around the connecting piece. At the same time, the high-pressure gas impacts the assisting plate, driving the turntable, assisting plate and bubble ring to rotate around the connecting rod together. During the rotation process, each bubble ring circulates into and out of the mixed solution in the liquid storage tank. After the bubble ring immerses in the mixed solution, the liquid forms a film on the bubble ring. When the bubble ring moves out of the liquid surface, the gas blows the tension film to form bubbles; the bubbles diffuse and burst in the air, spraying the solution in the form of fine particles on the crops for nutrient solution spraying;

[0043] Step 4: When the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is lower than the set minimum liquid level, repeat Steps 1 to 3.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the spray head assembly needs to be cleaned regularly, connect the inlet of the water pump to the tap water pipe, then turn on the water pump and turn off the air pump. The tap water is sent into the cavity of the spray head body through the pipeline and then flows into the liquid storage tank through the flow channel for cleaning.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-spray device for soilless cultivation in agriculture, characterized in that, It includes a water pump, an air pump and multiple nozzle assemblies; The nozzle assembly includes a connecting piece and a nozzle body. The connecting piece has a through structure in the middle. Multiple flow channels are obliquely formed at the edge of the nozzle body, and the flow channels communicate with the cavity of the nozzle; the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the soilless cultivation bracket for placing plants, the nozzle body is rotatably connected to the lower end of the connecting piece, and the cavity of the nozzle body communicates with the cavity of the connecting piece; The outlets of the water pump and the air pump are respectively connected to one port of a tee. The third interface of the tee is connected to the connecting piece through a pipeline, and a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline; the inlet of the water pump is connected to a nutrient solution storage barrel, and the mixture of nutrient solution and surfactant is in the storage barrel; The nozzle body is connected to a foaming assembly, and a liquid storage pool is arranged below the nozzle body. The liquid storage pool is fixedly connected to the soilless cultivation bracket; The foaming assembly includes a connecting rod, a turntable, multiple assisting plates and a bubble ring; One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the nozzle body, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the turntable through a bearing. One end of each assisting plate is connected to the turntable, and the other end is connected to a corresponding bubble ring. The multiple assisting plates are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the turntable; The bottom of the liquid storage pool protrudes upward to form a concave-convex structure with a high middle and a low periphery; A liquid level gauge is arranged in the liquid storage pool; The nutrient solution storage barrel is filled with a mixture formed by nutrient solution and surfactant; The control method based on the micro-spraying device for agricultural soilless cultivation includes the following steps: Step 1, Set up the micro-spraying device for agricultural soilless cultivation, and put the mixture formed by nutrient solution and surfactant into the nutrient solution storage barrel; Step 2, Turn on the water pump and turn off the air pump. The mixture is sent into the cavity of the nozzle body through the pipeline, and then flows into the liquid storage pool from the flow channel; at the same time, the conveying pressure of the mixture is reduced through the pressure regulating valve, so the nozzle body does not rotate; Step 3, Detect the liquid level in the liquid storage pool through the liquid level gauge. When the liquid level reaches the set value, turn off the water pump and turn on the air pump; the air is pressurized by the air pump and sent into the cavity of the nozzle body through the pipeline, and then sprayed out from the flow channel. The gas pressure is increased through the pressure regulating valve; the nozzle body rotates around the connecting piece. At the same time, the high-pressure gas impacts the assisting plates, driving the turntable, the assisting plates and the bubble ring to rotate around the connecting rod together. During the rotation process, each bubble ring circulates into and out of the mixture in the liquid storage pool. After the bubble ring immerses in the mixture, the liquid forms a film on the bubble ring. When the bubble ring moves out of the liquid surface, the gas blows the tension film to form bubbles; the bubbles diffuse and burst in the air, spraying the solution in the form of fine particles on the crops for nutrient solution spraying; Step 4, When the liquid level in the liquid storage pool is lower than the set minimum liquid level, repeat Steps 1 to 3.

2. The micro-spraying device for soilless cultivation of agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the nozzle assembly needs to be cleaned regularly, connect the inlet of the water pump to the tap water pipe, then turn on the water pump and turn off the air pump. The tap water is sent into the cavity of the nozzle body through the pipeline, and then flows into the liquid storage pool from the flow channel to clean it.

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