Photonic device, cross waveguide and waveguide layer thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a photonic device, a cross waveguide and a waveguide layer thereof. The waveguide layer comprises a flat plate sublayer, a first waveguide and a second waveguide intersecting with the first waveguide, wherein the first waveguide and the second waveguide are both ridge waveguides; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are arranged on the flat plate sublayer, and the flat plate sublayer, the first waveguide and the second waveguide are integrally formed. The application solves the technical problem of fast loss of the ridge waveguide in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical waveguide technology, and more specifically, to a photonic device, a cross waveguide, and a waveguide layer thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Ridge waveguides are increasingly used in photonic devices, offering lower transmission losses compared to rectangular waveguides. Furthermore, in certain specialized applications, ridge waveguides exhibit significantly better performance than rectangular waveguides. For instance, in lithium niobate modulators, the ridge waveguide allows the electric field generated between two electrodes to be better concentrated within the waveguide material and transmitted through the waveguide, thereby greatly enhancing the interaction between the material and the electric field generated by the electrodes. However, in related technologies, because energy is concentrated on the ridge waveguide during light transmission, ridge waveguides experience faster energy loss.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of rapid loss in ridge waveguides in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a photonic device, a cross-waveguide, and a waveguide layer thereof to solve the problem of rapid loss in ridge waveguides in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a waveguide layer.

[0006] The waveguide layer according to this application includes: a planar sublayer, a first waveguide, and a second waveguide intersecting with the first waveguide, wherein both the first waveguide and the second waveguide are ridge waveguides;

[0007] The first waveguide and the second waveguide are disposed on the planar sublayer, and the planar sublayer, the first waveguide and the second waveguide are integrally constructed.

[0008] Optionally, the first waveguide and the second waveguide have the same structure.

[0009] Optionally, the first waveguide and the second waveguide are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] Optionally, the ridge waveguide includes a wide strip segment, two tapered segments, and two narrow strip segments;

[0011] The two gradient segments and the two narrow segments are symmetrically arranged between the wide segments. The gradient segment is located between the narrow segments and the wide segments. The cross-sectional width of the wide segment is greater than that of the narrow segment. The width of the gradient segment connecting the narrow segment is equal to the cross-sectional width of the narrow segment, and the width of the gradient segment connecting the wide segment is equal to the cross-sectional width of the wide segment.

[0012] Optionally, in a cross-section parallel to the flat sub-layer, both the narrow segment and the wide segment are rectangular in shape, and the width of the gradient segment gradually increases from the narrow segment to the wide segment.

[0013] Optionally, the angle between the outer surface of the elongated edge of the ridge waveguide and the planar sublayer is greater than 20 degrees and less than 90 degrees.

[0014] Optionally, both ends of the first waveguide and both ends of the second waveguide extend to the edge of the planar sublayer.

[0015] Secondly, this application also provides a cross waveguide, including an isolation layer, a substrate layer and the waveguide layer described above, wherein the refractive index of the isolation layer is lower than that of the waveguide layer.

[0016] Optionally, it further includes a capping layer, the waveguide layer being disposed between the isolation layer and the capping layer, the capping layer having a lower refractive index than the waveguide layer, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide being located between the planar sublayer and the capping layer.

[0017] Thirdly, this application also provides a photonic device, including the aforementioned cross waveguide.

[0018] In this embodiment, a waveguide layer is provided, comprising: a planar sublayer, a first waveguide, and a second waveguide intersecting the first waveguide, wherein both the first and second waveguides are ridge waveguides; the first and second waveguides are disposed on the planar sublayer, and the planar sublayer, the first waveguide, and the second waveguide are integrally constructed. By setting the planar sublayer beneath the first waveguide and the second waveguide intersecting the first waveguide, the energy of light during transmission within the waveguide layer is primarily concentrated on the planar sublayer, and the loss is mainly concentrated there. Since both the first and second waveguides are ridge waveguides, and ridge waveguides have lower loss, while the planar sublayer has a larger volume than the ridge waveguide, the loss of both the planar sublayer and the ridge waveguide is reduced. This solves the problem of rapid loss in ridge waveguides in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a waveguide layer structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a waveguide layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a top view of a waveguide layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of cross waveguides in related technologies;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of a waveguide layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a cross waveguide structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0028] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0029] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "sliding connection," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In addition, the term "multiple" should mean two or more.

[0032] To address the issue of rapid loss in ridge waveguides in related technologies, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a waveguide layer 1 including: a planar sublayer 11, a first waveguide 12, and a second waveguide 13 intersecting with the first waveguide 12, wherein the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are both ridge waveguides;

[0033] The first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are disposed on the planar sublayer 11, and the planar sublayer 11, the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are integrally constructed.

[0034] Specifically, in related technologies, such as Figure 4 As shown, in related technologies, the energy distribution of intersecting waveguides is entirely concentrated on the ridge waveguide. However, in this embodiment, a planar sublayer 11 is provided under the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 intersecting with the first waveguide 12. Furthermore, the planar sublayer 11, the first waveguide 12, and the second waveguide 13 are integrally constructed. This ensures that during light transmission through the waveguide layer 1, the energy is primarily concentrated on the planar sublayer 11. Figure 5 As shown, the loss is mainly on the planar sublayer 11. The first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are both ridge waveguides, and the loss of the ridge waveguide is smaller. The planar sublayer 11 has a larger volume than the ridge waveguide, which reduces the loss of the planar sublayer 11 and the ridge waveguide.

[0035] Optionally, the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 have the same structure.

[0036] It should be noted that the structures of the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 may also be different, and the specific dimensions of the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 can be obtained from finite element analysis in the prior art.

[0037] Specifically, the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are perpendicular to each other.

[0038] Specifically, the ridge waveguide includes a wide strip 14, two tapered strips 15 and two narrow strips 16;

[0039] The two gradient segments 15 and the two narrow segments 16 are symmetrically arranged between the wide segments 14. The gradient segment 15 is located between the narrow segments 16 and the wide segments 14. The cross-sectional width of the wide segment 14 is greater than the cross-sectional width of the narrow segments 16. The width of the gradient segment 15 connecting the narrow segments 16 is equal to the cross-sectional width of the narrow segments 16, and the width of the gradient segment 15 connecting the wide segments 14 is equal to the cross-sectional width of the wide segments 14.

[0040] Specifically, on a cross section parallel to the flat sub-layer 11, both the narrow strip 16 and the wide strip 14 are rectangular in shape, and the width of the gradient segment 15 gradually increases from the narrow strip 16 to the wide strip 14. The width change of the gradient segment 15 can be linear or non-linear.

[0041] Optionally, the angle between the outer surface of the elongated edge of the ridge waveguide and the planar sublayer 11 is greater than 20 degrees and less than 90 degrees.

[0042] Specifically, because the long edge of the ridge waveguide forms an angle with the flat sublayer 11, the ridge waveguide's lifespan is increased, making it more loss-resistant, and the energy of light is more concentrated on the flat sublayer 11 during the transmission of light through the waveguide layer 1.

[0043] Specifically, both ends of the first waveguide 12 and both ends of the second waveguide 13 extend to the edge of the planar sublayer 11.

[0044] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a cross waveguide, including an isolation layer 2, a substrate layer 4 and the waveguide layer 1 described above, wherein the isolation layer 2 is located between the substrate layer 4 and the waveguide layer 1, and the refractive index of the isolation layer 2 is lower than that of the waveguide layer 1.

[0045] Optionally, it also includes a cover layer 3, the waveguide layer 1 is disposed between the isolation layer 2 and the cover layer 3, the refractive index of the cover layer 3 is lower than that of the waveguide layer 1, and the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are located between the planar sublayer 11 and the cover layer 3.

[0046] The refractive indices of the isolation layer 2 and the capping layer 3 are both lower than those of the waveguide layer 1. This ensures that light will not pass through the isolation layer 2 and the capping layer 3, nor will it enter the substrate layer 4, during transmission through the waveguide layer 1. The capping layer 3 also provides physical protection for the waveguide layer 1.

[0047] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a photonic device, including the aforementioned cross waveguide.

[0048] In this embodiment, a waveguide layer 1 is provided, comprising: a planar sublayer 11, a first waveguide 12, and a second waveguide 13 intersecting the first waveguide 12; the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are disposed on the planar sublayer 11, and the planar sublayer 11, the first waveguide 12, and the second waveguide 13 are integrally constructed. By placing the planar sublayer 11 under the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 intersecting the first waveguide, the energy of light is mainly concentrated on the planar sublayer 11 during transmission in the waveguide layer 1, and the loss is primarily concentrated on the planar sublayer 11. Both the first waveguide 12 and the second waveguide 13 are ridge waveguides, and ridge waveguides have lower loss. The planar sublayer 11 has a larger volume than the ridge waveguides, further reducing the loss of the planar sublayer and the ridge waveguides. This solves the problem of faster loss in ridge waveguides in related technologies.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A waveguide layer, characterized in that, include: The waveguide includes a planar sublayer, a first waveguide, and a second waveguide intersecting the first waveguide, wherein both the first waveguide and the second waveguide are ridge waveguides. The first waveguide and the second waveguide are disposed on the planar sublayer, and the planar sublayer, the first waveguide and the second waveguide are integrally constructed. The first waveguide and the second waveguide are perpendicular to each other; The ridge waveguide includes a wide strip segment, two tapered segments, and two narrow strip segments; The two gradient segments and the two narrow segments are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wide segment. The gradient segment is located between the narrow segment and the wide segment. The cross-sectional width of the wide segment is greater than that of the narrow segment. The width of the gradient segment connecting the narrow segment is equal to the cross-sectional width of the narrow segment, and the width of the gradient segment connecting the wide segment is equal to the cross-sectional width of the wide segment. On a cross section parallel to the flat sub-layer, both the narrow strip and the wide strip are rectangular in shape, and the width of the gradient segment gradually increases from the narrow strip to the wide strip. The angle between the outer surface of the elongated edge of the ridge waveguide and the planar sublayer is greater than 20 degrees and less than 90 degrees.

2. The waveguide layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the first waveguide and both ends of the second waveguide extend to the edge of the planar sublayer.

3. The waveguide layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first waveguide and the second waveguide have the same structure.

4. A cross waveguide, characterized in that, It includes an isolation layer, a substrate layer, and a waveguide layer as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the isolation layer is located between the substrate layer and the waveguide layer, and the refractive index of the isolation layer is lower than that of the waveguide layer.

5. The cross waveguide according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a capping layer, the waveguide layer is disposed between the isolation layer and the capping layer, the refractive index of the capping layer is lower than that of the waveguide layer, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide are located between the planar sublayer and the capping layer.

6. A photonic device, characterized in that, Includes the cross waveguide as described in claim 4.

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