A hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit, comprising: a main column for connecting with a drill pipe, an upper sliding structure, a lower sliding structure, a main telescopic power member, an auxiliary telescopic power member, a connecting rod structure and a scraping assembly; one end of the main telescopic power member is connected to the upper sliding structure, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod structure; one end of the auxiliary telescopic power member is fixed to the main column, and the other end is connected to the lower sliding structure; when the main telescopic power member is telescopic, the scraping assembly is driven to expand or contract along the radial direction of the main column; when the auxiliary telescopic power member is telescopic, the scraping assembly is driven to move up and down. The hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit provided by the present invention is provided with a main telescopic power member and an auxiliary telescopic power member at the same time. By adjusting the telescopic states of the main telescopic power member and the auxiliary telescopic power member, a variety of different working modes can be realized, making the working mode of the hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit more diversified, and a variety of different hole enlarging operations can be performed using a hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hole enlarging equipment, and more specifically to a hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit. Background Art

[0002] The bottom expansion drill bit is used for the construction of bottom expansion piles in rotary drilling. It is generally composed of a bottom expansion wing, a pressure frame, a connecting rod, a base and a pin. The bottom expansion wing has two wings, three wings or four wings. When the drilling rig rotates, the bottom expansion wing gradually opens under the weight of the drill bit, cutting the hole wall to expand the bottom.

[0003] The bottom expansion drill bits in the prior art include small-diameter drill bits and large-diameter drill bits. The small-diameter drill bits are provided with two oil cylinders. By pushing the oil cylinders up and down, the bottom expansion wings form a left-right expanding structure. The left-right component forces formed by this structure during use are particularly small, which reduces the feed amount and increases the processing time. When there is too much soil, it cannot shrink, which affects the bottom expansion efficiency. The large-diameter drill bit needs to use four oil cylinders to push the support arm for expansion. During use, the structure is relatively bulky and can only be used for large-diameter bottom expansion operations. In addition, both types of bottom expansion drill bits in the prior art can only achieve plane hole expansion, and the operation method is single.

[0004] In summary, how to increase the diversity of working modes of bottom expansion drill bits is a problem that currently needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit. By adjusting the telescopic state of the main telescopic power member and the auxiliary telescopic power member, various working modes can be realized, such as the scraping assembly expanding or contracting radially, the scraping assembly moving up and down along the height direction of the main column, or the scraping assembly moving up and down synchronously during the radial expansion or contraction process. This makes the working mode of the hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit more diversified, and a variety of different hole expanding operations can be performed using a hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit comprises: a main column for connecting with a drill pipe, an upper sliding structure, a lower sliding structure, a main telescopic power part, an auxiliary telescopic power part, a connecting rod structure and a soil scraping assembly;

[0008] The upper sliding structure and the lower sliding structure are both sleeved and connected to the outer periphery of the main column and can move up and down relative to the main column; one end of the main telescopic power member is connected to the upper sliding structure, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod structure; one end of the auxiliary telescopic power member is fixed to the main column, and the other end is connected to the lower sliding structure;

[0009] The other end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the scraper assembly, and the connecting rod structure is connected to both the lower sliding structure and the upper sliding structure; so as to drive the scraper assembly to expand or contract radially along the main column when the main telescopic power member is telescopic; and drive the scraper assembly to move up and down when the auxiliary telescopic power member is telescopic.

[0010] Preferably, a base is provided at the bottom of the main column, the auxiliary telescopic power component is an auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder, the number of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinders is at least two, and one end of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the lower sliding structure.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary telescopic cylinder is symmetrically arranged with respect to a middle section of the main column, and the middle section is a plane parallel to the height direction of the main column and passing through the central axis of the main column.

[0012] Preferably, the main telescopic power member is a main telescopic oil cylinder, and the number of the main telescopic oil cylinders is at least two, and adjacent main telescopic oil cylinders are staggered in the height direction.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting rod structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the main telescopic cylinders, and adjacent connecting rod structures are staggered in height direction.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple scraping assemblies, and adjacent scraping assemblies are respectively connected to different height positions of the connecting rod structure.

[0015] Preferably, the height positions for setting the scraping tools in the adjacent scraping assemblies are different; or different types of scraping tools are set at the same height position of the adjacent scraping assemblies.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting rod structure includes a main support arm, an auxiliary support arm and a lower connecting plate;

[0017] The main support arm and the auxiliary support arm are arranged parallel to each other, and one end of each is rotatably connected to the upper sliding structure and the other end is rotatably connected to the scraper assembly. One end of the lower connecting plate is rotatably connected to the non-end position of the main support arm, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lower sliding structure.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes an upper connecting plate having one end rotatably connected to the main support arm and the other end rotatably connected to the auxiliary support arm, and the upper connecting plate, the main support arm, the auxiliary support arm and the upper sliding structure form a parallelogram structure.

[0019] Preferably, a positioning structure for contacting the wall of the hole to be expanded is sleeved on the upper part of the main column, and the positioning structure is telescopically arranged along its radial direction.

[0020] In the process of using the hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit provided by the present invention, the rotation of the drill rod drives the main column to rotate, and the rotation of the main column drives the upper sliding structure, the lower sliding structure, the main telescopic power member, the auxiliary telescopic power member, the connecting rod structure and the scraping assembly to rotate; by adjusting the telescopic state of the main telescopic power member and the auxiliary telescopic power member, the expansion or contraction of the scraping assembly in the radial direction and the up and down movement of the scraping assembly in the height direction of the main column can be adjusted, so that the hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit has a variety of different working modes. For example, the scraping assembly can be expanded in the radial direction, the height direction of the scraping assembly remains unchanged, the aperture of the hole to be enlarged is enlarged, and the bottom surface after the expansion is a plane; the scraping assembly can also be moved up and down in the height direction, the position of the scraping assembly in the radial direction remains unchanged, the hole wall to be enlarged can be enlarged, and the size of the hole wall after the expansion is consistent in the vertical direction; or the scraping assembly is expanded in the radial direction, and the scraping assembly is moved up and down in the height direction at the same time, the hole to be enlarged is enlarged, and the size of the hole wall in the vertical direction changes, forming an arc bottom surface or a conical bottom surface.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit provided by the present invention is provided with a main telescopic power member and an auxiliary telescopic power member at the same time. By adjusting the telescopic states of the main telescopic power member and the auxiliary telescopic power member, a variety of different working modes can be realized, which can enable the expanded hole to form an arc-shaped bottom surface or a conical bottom surface, and can also make the size of the hole wall in the vertical direction consistent, or simply increase the diameter of the hole, which is specifically determined according to actual conditions; the working mode of the hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit is made more diversified, and a variety of different hole expanding operations can be performed using one hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit provided by the present invention in a retracted state;

[0024] Figure 2 The hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit provided by the present invention is Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram in another direction in the state shown;

[0025] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit provided by the present invention in a horizontally pushed-out state;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit in the extended state;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit in the extended state;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the state of the scraping assembly of the hydraulic bottom drill bit in the state shown;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 3 and Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the status of the scraping assembly of the hydraulic bottom drill bit in the shown state.

[0030] Figure 1-7 middle:

[0031] 1 is a square box, 2 is a main column, 3 is a positioning structure, 4 is a main oil cylinder barrel, 5 is an upper sliding structure, 6 is a main oil cylinder piston, 7 is a main support arm, 8 is an upper connecting plate, 9 is an auxiliary support arm, 10 is a lower connecting plate, 11 is a scraper assembly, 12 is a lower sliding structure, 13 is an auxiliary oil cylinder piston, and 14 is an auxiliary oil cylinder barrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The core of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit. By adjusting the telescopic state of the main telescopic power part and the auxiliary telescopic power part, multiple working modes can be realized, such as the scraping component expanding or contracting radially, the scraping component moving up and down along the height direction of the main column, or the scraping component moving up and down synchronously during the radial expansion or contraction process. This makes the working mode of the hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit more diversified, and a variety of different hole expanding operations can be performed using a hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit provided by the present invention in a retracted state; Figure 2 The hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit provided by the present invention is Figure 1A cross-sectional schematic diagram in another direction in the state shown; Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit provided by the present invention in a horizontally pushed-out state; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit in the extended state; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit in the extended state; Figure 6 for Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the state of the scraping assembly of the hydraulic bottom drill bit in the state shown; Figure 7 for Figure 3 and Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the status of the scraping assembly of the hydraulic bottom drill bit in the shown state.

[0035] This specific embodiment discloses a hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit, comprising: a main column 2 for connecting with a drill pipe, an upper sliding structure 5, a lower sliding structure 12, a main telescopic power member, an auxiliary telescopic power member, a connecting rod structure and a scraping assembly 11;

[0036] The upper sliding structure 5 and the lower sliding structure 12 are both sleeved and connected to the outer periphery of the main column 2 and can move up and down relative to the main column 2; one end of the main telescopic power component is connected to the upper sliding structure 5, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod structure; one end of the auxiliary telescopic power component is fixed to the main column 2, and the other end is connected to the lower sliding structure 12; the other end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the scraper assembly 11, and the connecting rod structure is connected to the lower sliding structure 12 and the upper sliding structure 5; so as to drive the scraper assembly 11 to expand or contract radially along the main column 2 when the main telescopic power component is telescopic; and drive the scraper assembly 11 to move up and down when the auxiliary telescopic power component is telescopic.

[0037] It should be noted that during the connection process, Figure 1-5 As shown, the drill rod and the main column 2 are generally connected together by a square box 1. When the drill rod rotates, the square box 1 is driven to rotate, and the square box 1 drives the main column 2 to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the parts installed on the main column 2; the scraper assembly 11 can be set as a shovel blade, or it can be set as other structures, which is determined according to actual conditions. The main column 2 will drive the scraper assembly 11 to rotate during the rotation process. The scraper assembly 11 is equipped with a tool for expanding the hole wall to be expanded. When the scraper assembly 11 drives the tool to rotate, the hole wall to be expanded is expanded.

[0038] The upper sliding structure 5 and the lower sliding structure 12 are both mounted on the outer periphery of the main column 2, and during the extension and retraction of the main telescopic power component, the upper sliding structure 5 can be driven to move up and down relative to the main column 2, and during the extension and retraction of the auxiliary telescopic power component, the lower sliding structure 12 can be driven to move up and down relative to the main column 2.

[0039] In the process of using the hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit provided in this specific embodiment, the rotation of the drill rod drives the main column 2 to rotate, and the rotation of the main column 2 drives the upper sliding structure 5, the lower sliding structure 12, the main telescopic power member, the auxiliary telescopic power member, the connecting rod structure and the scraping assembly 11 to rotate; by adjusting the telescopic state of the main telescopic power member and the auxiliary telescopic power member, the radial expansion or contraction of the scraping assembly 11 and the up and down movement of the scraping assembly 11 along the height direction of the main column 2 can be adjusted, so that the hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit has a variety of different working modes. For example, Figure 3 As shown, the main telescopic power member can be changed from the extended state to the retracted state, and the auxiliary telescopic power member remains in the retracted state, so that the scraper assembly 11 expands radially, and the height direction of the scraper assembly 11 remains unchanged. The hole wall to be expanded is expanded by using this working mode of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit, so that the diameter of the hole to be expanded can be increased, and the bottom surface after expansion is a plane. Figure 4 As shown, the main telescopic power member can be kept in the extended state, and the auxiliary telescopic power member can be changed from the retracted state to the extended state, so that the scraper assembly 11 can move up and down in the height direction, and the radial position of the scraper assembly 11 remains unchanged, so that the hole wall to be expanded can be expanded, and for the structure of the tapered hole, the size of the hole wall after expansion can be kept consistent in the vertical direction. Or as Figure 5 As shown, the main telescopic power member is changed from an extended state to a retracted state, so that the scraper assembly 11 expands radially, and at the same time, the auxiliary telescopic power member is controlled to change from a retracted state to an extended state, so that the scraper assembly 11 moves up and down in the height direction. This working mode of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit is used to expand the hole wall to be expanded. During the expansion process, the scraper assembly 11 can be moved up and down while expanding or contracting radially, so that the size of the hole wall in the vertical direction changes, forming an arc bottom surface or a conical bottom surface.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit provided in this specific embodiment is provided with a main telescopic power member and an auxiliary telescopic power member at the same time. By adjusting the telescopic state of the main telescopic power member and the auxiliary telescopic power member, a variety of different working modes can be realized, which can make the expanded hole form an arc-shaped bottom surface or a conical bottom surface, and can also make the size of the hole wall in the vertical direction consistent, or simply increase the diameter of the hole, which is determined according to the actual situation; the working mode of the hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit is made more diversified, and a variety of different hole expanding operations can be performed using one hydraulic bottom expanding drill bit.

[0041] Based on the above embodiment, a base can be set at the bottom of the main column 2, and the auxiliary telescopic power member is an auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder. The number of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinders is at least two, and one end of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the base.

[0042] During use, the number of auxiliary telescopic cylinders can be set to only one. When one auxiliary telescopic cylinder is set, the auxiliary telescopic cylinder needs to be set at the center position of the main column 2 to ensure uniform force on the lower sliding structure 12, which makes the installation process of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder very inconvenient.

[0043] The number of auxiliary telescopic cylinders is set to at least two. During use, the auxiliary telescopic cylinder is directly installed on the base, and the other end of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder is connected to the lower sliding structure 12, making the installation process of the auxiliary telescopic cylinder convenient and easy.

[0044] Preferably, the auxiliary telescopic cylinder can be symmetrically arranged about the middle section of the main column 2, and the middle section is a plane parallel to the height direction of the main column 2 and passing through the central axis of the main column 2. This makes the force on the lower sliding structure 12 more uniform and avoids the lower sliding structure 12 from getting stuck during the sliding process relative to the main column 2.

[0045] Preferably, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the number of auxiliary telescopic oil cylinders is set to two. The number of main telescopic oil cylinders is set to four.

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiment, the main telescopic power member can be set as a main telescopic oil cylinder, and the number of the main telescopic oil cylinders is at least two, and adjacent main telescopic oil cylinders are staggered in the height direction.

[0047] By staggering the main telescopic cylinders in the height direction, it is possible to avoid competition between adjacent main telescopic cylinders for installation space, making the structural layout more reasonable and facilitating the miniaturization and lightweight of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit.

[0048] The connecting rod structure and the main telescopic oil cylinder can be set in a one-to-one correspondence, and the adjacent connecting rod structures can be set in a staggered manner in the height direction. For example, four main telescopic oil cylinders and four connecting rod structures can be set, so that the main telescopic oil cylinders and the connecting rod structures are set in a one-to-one correspondence. When setting the main telescopic oil cylinders, the setting heights of the main telescopic oil cylinders set relatively to each other are the same, and the setting heights of the main telescopic oil cylinders set adjacent to each other are different. The main telescopic oil cylinders are set to be cylinders of the same shape, size, and model, and the setting heights of the connecting rod structures set relatively to each other are the same, and the setting heights of the connecting rod structures set adjacent to each other are different. In this way, during the setting process, the connection position of the connecting rod structure and the main telescopic oil cylinder will be staggered, so that the space between the connection between the connecting rod structure and the main telescopic oil cylinder and the main column 2 is relatively large, avoiding the situation where the slag cannot be discharged due to the structure setting being too compact and the space being insufficient, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit during use.

[0049] In the process of using the hydraulic bottom enlarging drill bit provided by the present invention, the hole wall to be enlarged is mainly enlarged by the scraping assembly 11, and the number of the scraping assembly 11 can be set to multiple. In the process of use, the scraping assemblies 11 with different connection heights with the connecting rod structure are mainly responsible for different scraping heights, and the arrangement position of the scraping cutter in the scraping assembly 11 can make each scraping assembly 11 work in a targeted manner at each position of the hole wall to be enlarged, thereby improving the enlargement quality.

[0050] The scraping tools in adjacent scraping assemblies 11 are arranged at different heights, so that the tools at different heights can be used to dig the hole wall at different heights to be expanded; or different types of scraping tools are arranged at the same height of adjacent scraping assemblies 11. Of course, other arrangements are also possible. For example, in order to achieve the desired expansion shape, expansion tools may be arranged only at some positions, etc., which is determined according to actual conditions.

[0051] On the basis of the above embodiment, in another specific embodiment, the connecting rod structure includes a main support arm 7, an auxiliary support arm 9 and a lower connecting plate 10; the main support arm 7 and the auxiliary support arm 9 are arranged parallel to each other, and one end of each is rotatably connected to the upper sliding structure 5 and the other end is rotatably connected to the scraper assembly 11, one end of the lower connecting plate 10 is rotatably connected to the non-end position of the main support arm 7, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lower sliding structure 12. It also includes an upper connecting plate 8, one end of which is rotatably connected to the main support arm 7 and the other end is rotatably connected to the auxiliary support arm 9, and the upper connecting plate 8, the main support arm 7, the auxiliary support arm 9 and the upper sliding structure 5 form a parallelogram structure.

[0052] Preferably, the main support arm 7 and the auxiliary support arm 9 can be made to have the same length and be arranged parallel to each other.

[0053] Preferably, the lower connecting plate 10 and the upper connecting plate 8 are rotatably connected to the same position of the main supporting arm 7 .

[0054] During use, if Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the main cylinder barrel 4 of the main telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the upper sliding structure 5, and the main cylinder piston 6 is connected to the extended part of the main support arm 7 in the connecting rod structure; of course, the main cylinder barrel 4 of the main telescopic oil cylinder can also be connected to the extended part of the main support arm 7, and the main cylinder piston 6 can be rotatably connected to the upper sliding structure 5. The auxiliary cylinder piston 13 of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the lower sliding structure 12, and the auxiliary cylinder barrel 14 is fixedly installed on the base of the main column 2; of course, the auxiliary cylinder piston 13 of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder can also be connected to the base of the main column 2, and the auxiliary cylinder barrel 14 can be connected to the lower sliding structure 12.

[0055] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the main telescopic oil cylinder is in an extended state, the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder is in a retracted state, and the scraper assembly 11 is in a retracted state in the radial direction. Figure 6 as shown and is in the lowest position in the height direction.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the main telescopic cylinder is retracted and the auxiliary telescopic cylinder is kept Figure 1 , 2 In the retracted state, the main telescopic oil cylinder will drive the upper sliding structure 5 to move downward relative to the main column 2 during the retraction process, and rotate the lower connecting plate 10 relative to the lower sliding structure 12. During the downward sliding movement of the upper sliding structure 5, since the upper connecting plate 8, the main support arm 7, the auxiliary support arm 9 and the upper sliding structure 5 form a parallelogram structure, the angle of the scraper assembly 11 relative to the main column 2 will not change. In addition, because the lower connecting plate 10 is rotatably installed on the lower sliding structure 12, and the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder remains in the retracted state, the lower sliding structure 12 does not change in height. Therefore, during the radial expansion process, the height position of the scraper assembly 11 will not change, but will only expand outward in a translational manner. When the scraper assembly 11 is in the expanded state, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the auxiliary telescopic cylinder maintains Figure 1 , 2 In the retracted state, when the main telescopic cylinder changes from the retracted state to the extended state, the scraper assembly 11 will shrink radially inward, and the height position will not change, but it will shrink inward in translation.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the main telescopic cylinder maintains Figure 1 , 2In the extended state, the auxiliary telescopic cylinder extends, and during the extension process, it drives the lower sliding structure 12 to move upward. Figure 1 , 2 The extended state in the middle remains unchanged, so the scraper assembly 11 is driven to move upward in the retracted state. When the auxiliary telescopic cylinder changes from the extended state to the retracted state, the main telescopic cylinder maintains Figure 1 , 2 The extended state in the middle remains unchanged, which will drive the scraper assembly 11 to move downward in the retracted state. During the process of the scraper assembly 11 moving up and down in the contracted state, the conical hole wall to be expanded can be expanded, so that the radial size of the expanded hole wall remains consistent in the vertical direction.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, during use, the main telescopic oil cylinder retracts, and in the process of the main telescopic oil cylinder changing from the extended state to the retracted state, the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder extends (retracts), so that the scraper assembly 11 moves upward (downward) during the process of radial outward expansion; or the main telescopic oil cylinder can be extended during use, and in the process of the main telescopic oil cylinder changing from the retracted state to the extended state, the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder changes from the retracted (extended) state to the extended (retracted) state, so that the scraper assembly 11 moves upward (downward) during the process of radial inward contraction. The scraper assembly 11 moves upward or downward during the radial expansion (retraction), so that the bottom surface of the hole wall to be excavated is conical or arc-shaped after the excavation is completed.

[0059] The “upper” and “lower” mentioned in the present application document are all directions shown in the accompanying drawings. When the viewing direction of the hydraulic bottom drill bit changes, the specific positions of “upper” and “lower” will also change.

[0060] On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to make the hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit applicable to holes of different sizes to be enlarged, a positioning structure 3 for contacting the wall of the hole to be enlarged can be sleeved on the upper part of the main column 2, and the positioning structure 3 can be retracted along its radial direction. During use, the telescopic amount of the positioning structure 3 can be adjusted according to the size of the hole to be enlarged, so that the positioning structure 3 cooperates with the hole wall to achieve a positioning effect.

[0061] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Any combination of all embodiments provided by the present invention is within the protection scope of this invention and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] The hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit provided by the present invention is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation method of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic bottom expansion drill bit, characterized in that: include: A main column (2) for connecting to a drill pipe, an upper sliding structure (5), a lower sliding structure (12), a main telescopic power member, an auxiliary telescopic power member, a connecting rod structure, and a scraping assembly (11); The upper sliding structure (5) and the lower sliding structure (12) are both sleeved and connected to the outer periphery of the main column (2) and are both movable up and down relative to the main column (2); one end of the main telescopic power component is connected to the upper sliding structure (5), and the other end is connected to the connecting rod structure; one end of the auxiliary telescopic power component is fixed to the main column (2), and the other end is connected to the lower sliding structure (12); The other end of the connecting rod structure is connected to the soil scraping assembly (11), and the connecting rod structure is connected to both the lower sliding structure (12) and the upper sliding structure (5); so as to drive the soil scraping assembly (11) to expand or contract along the radial direction of the main column (2) when the main telescopic power member is in telescopic motion; and to drive the soil scraping assembly (11) to move up and down when the auxiliary telescopic power member is in telescopic motion; A base is provided at the bottom of the main column (2); the auxiliary telescopic power member is an auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder, the number of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinders is at least two, and one end of the auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the lower sliding structure (12); The auxiliary telescopic oil cylinder is symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle section of the main column (2), and the middle section is a plane parallel to the height direction of the main column (2) and passing through the central axis of the main column (2); The main telescopic power member is a main telescopic oil cylinder, and the number of the main telescopic oil cylinders is at least two, and adjacent main telescopic oil cylinders are staggered in the height direction; The connecting rod structures are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the main telescopic oil cylinders, and adjacent connecting rod structures are arranged in a staggered manner in the height direction; The number of the scraping assemblies (11) is plural, and adjacent scraping assemblies (11) are respectively connected to different height positions of the connecting rod structure.

2. The hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height positions for setting the scraping tools in the adjacent scraping assemblies (11) are different; or different types of scraping tools are set at the same height position in the adjacent scraping assemblies (11).

3. The hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod structure comprises a main supporting arm (7), an auxiliary supporting arm (9) and a lower connecting plate (10); The main support arm (7) and the auxiliary support arm (9) are arranged parallel to each other, and each has one end rotatably connected to the upper sliding structure (5) and the other end rotatably connected to the scraper assembly (11); one end of the lower connecting plate (10) is rotatably connected to a non-end position of the main support arm (7), and the other end is rotatably connected to the lower sliding structure (12).

4. The hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises an upper connecting plate (8) having one end rotatably connected to the main supporting arm (7) and the other end rotatably connected to the auxiliary supporting arm (9); the upper connecting plate (8), the main supporting arm (7), the auxiliary supporting arm (9) and the upper sliding structure (5) form a parallelogram structure.

5. The hydraulic bottom enlargement drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the main column (2) is sleeved with a positioning structure (3) for contacting the wall of the hole to be expanded, and the positioning structure (3) is telescopically arranged along its radial direction.

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