Communication circuits, electronic systems, battery packs and electrical devices

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a communication circuit, an electronic system, a battery pack, and an electrical device. The communication circuit includes: a sending module, which is used to send signals through a communication connection line when the communication circuit is in a sending state. The communication connection line is connected to the common positive electrode of the two communication circuits; a receiving module, the receiving module is used to receive signals through the communication connection line when the communication circuit is in a receiving state; when the communication circuit is in a sending state, the sending module is enabled and the receiving module is disabled; when the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the sending module is disabled and the receiving module is enabled. It adopts a common positive connection method to realize the communication connection between different subsystems. Even if the ground wire between the systems is disconnected, it will not affect the communication function, which effectively improves the reliability.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a communication circuit, an electronic system, a battery pack, and an electrical device. [Background technology]

[0002] With the continuous development of electronic information technology, electronic equipment needs to be compatible with or integrated with more and more functions. For a complete electronic system, such as a BMS system, the number of subsystems or submodules that need to be included is also increasing.

[0003] In order to realize data or command transmission between various systems, it is necessary to provide a communication circuit with sufficient load capacity and reliability to establish communication connections between various subsystems or submodules. However, in traditional communication circuit design, a common negative connection method is usually adopted, based on a low voltage such as 5V, and a data line connected to a common negative or common ground to realize the communication connection between two subsystems or submodules.

[0004] Since such a communication circuit is based on a common negative pole for inter-system communication, once the ground wire between two subsystems or modules is disconnected, the communication circuit will fail and lose the communication function. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a communication circuit with better reliability. [Summary of the invention]

[0005] The embodiments of the present application aim to provide a communication circuit, an electronic system, a battery pack, and an electrical device that can solve the defects existing in traditional communication circuits.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions: a communication circuit. The communication circuit is connected to another communication circuit via a communication connection line, and the two communication circuits connected by the communication connection line have a common positive electrode, and the communication connection line is connected to the common positive electrode; the communication circuit comprises:

[0007] A sending module, used to send a signal through a communication connection line when the communication circuit is in a sending state;

[0008] A receiving module, used for receiving a signal through a communication connection line when the communication circuit is in a receiving state;

[0009] When the communication circuit is in a sending state, the sending module is enabled and the receiving module is disabled; when the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the sending module is disabled and the receiving module is enabled.

[0010] Optionally, the sending module comprises: a first controllable switch unit arranged between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode;

[0011] The first controllable switch unit is used to cut off or establish the connection between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode, so that different level signals are formed on the communication connection line.

[0012] Optionally, when the communication circuit is in the receiving state, the first controllable switch unit keeps disconnecting the communication connection line from the common positive electrode, so that the sending module is disabled;

[0013] When the communication circuit is in a sending state, the first controllable switch unit is used to cut off or establish the connection between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode according to the sent signal, so that a level signal consistent with the sent signal is formed on the communication connection line.

[0014] Optionally, the first controllable switch unit specifically includes: a first switch having a first control end and a second switch having a second control end;

[0015] Among them, the two ends of the first switch are respectively connected to the common positive electrode and the communication connection line. When the first switch is turned on, the connection between the common positive electrode and the communication connection line is established, and when the first switch is turned off, the connection between the common positive electrode and the communication connection line is cut off; the first control end is connected to the second switch, and is used to control the first switch to be turned on when the second switch is turned on, and to control the first switch to be turned off when the second switch is turned off; the second control end is used to control the second switch to be turned on or off according to the sent signal.

[0016] Optionally, the receiving module includes: a second controllable switch unit, a follower unit and a receiving signal port; the follower unit is connected to the receiving signal port; the second controllable switch unit is connected to the communication connection line, and is used to control the follower unit according to the level signal of the communication connection line to form a consistent level signal at the receiving signal port.

[0017] Optionally, the follower unit specifically includes: a constant voltage source, a third switch having a third control terminal, and a pull-down resistor. One end of the pull-down resistor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the receiving signal port; the third switch is connected between the constant voltage source and the receiving signal port; the second controllable switch unit is connected to the third control terminal, and is used to control the third switch to be turned on or off, so as to form a high level signal or a low level signal at the receiving signal port.

[0018] Optionally, when the communication circuit is in a sending state, the second controllable switch unit controls the third switch to remain turned off so that the receiving module is disabled. When the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the second controllable switch unit is used to control the third switch to be turned off or turned on according to a signal from the communication connection line so that the receiving signal port forms a level signal consistent with the level signal of the communication connection line.

[0019] Optionally, the second controllable switch unit includes: an enable signal receiving end for receiving an enable signal; the enable signal includes a first enable signal for enabling the receiving module and a second enable signal for disabling the receiving module.

[0020] Among them, the second controllable switch unit is connected between the third control terminal and the ground, and is used to cut off or establish the connection between the third control terminal and the ground so that the third switch is turned on or off; when receiving the second enable signal, the second controllable switch unit keeps cutting off the connection between the third control terminal and the ground so that the third switch remains cut off; when receiving the first enable signal, the second controllable switch unit cuts off or establishes the connection between the third control terminal and the ground according to the level signal of the communication connection line so that the third switch is cut off or turned on.

[0021] Optionally, the second controllable switch unit includes: a fourth switch having a fourth control terminal and a fifth switch having a fifth control terminal, and the fifth switch is connected in series with the fourth switch.

[0022] The fourth control terminal is connected to the communication connection line and is used to receive a signal from the communication connection line, and the fifth control terminal is connected to the enable signal receiving terminal. When the first enable signal is received, the fourth control terminal is used to control the fourth switch and the fifth switch to be turned on or off according to the signal from the communication connection line; when the second enable signal is received, the fifth control terminal is used to control the fourth switch and the fifth switch to remain turned off.

[0023] Optionally, the sending module and / or receiving module further comprises: a plurality of unidirectional conductive devices. The unidirectional conductive devices are arranged inside the receiving module, at the first connection and / or at the second connection. Specifically, the first connection is the connection between the sending module and the communication connection line, and the second connection is the connection between the receiving module and the communication connection line.

[0024] Optionally, the sending module and / or the receiving module further comprises: a current limiting protector and an electrostatic resistor, wherein the current limiting protector and / or the electrostatic resistor are connected to the second control terminal, the receiving signal port, the enable signal receiving port and / or the fourth control terminal.

[0025] Optionally, the first to fifth switches are composed of a plurality of control devices, which may include triodes, MOS transistors and / or optical couplers.

[0026] Optionally, the sending module includes: a first transistor, a fourth transistor, a third resistor, a fifth resistor, a ninth resistor and a twelfth resistor.

[0027] The first transistor and the third resistor can form the above-mentioned first switch, and the base of the first transistor is connected to the first control terminal. The third resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the first transistor as a bias resistor. The emitter and the collector of the first transistor are respectively coupled to the common positive electrode and the communication connection line.

[0028] The fourth triode, the twelfth resistor and the ninth resistor can form the above-mentioned second switch, and the base of the fourth triode is connected to the second control terminal. The twelfth resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the fourth triode as a bias resistor. The ninth resistor is connected between the base of the first triode and the signal transmission port as a current limiting resistor. The collector of the fourth triode and the base of the first triode are connected through the fifth resistor.

[0029] Optionally, the sending module may further include: a first resistor, a first capacitor and a first diode. The first resistor is a current limiting resistor connected between the collector of the first triode and the communication connection line. The first capacitor is connected across the two ends of the first resistor. The positive electrode of the unidirectionally conducting first diode is connected to the first resistor, and the negative electrode is connected to the communication connection line.

[0030] Optionally, the receiving module includes: a second triode, a third triode, a fifth triode, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a thirteenth resistor.

[0031] Among them, the eleventh resistor is a pull-down resistor of the follower unit. The third triode and the seventh resistor can form the third switch of the above-mentioned follower unit, and the base of the third triode is connected to the third control terminal. The seventh resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the third triode as a bias resistor. The collector of the third triode is connected to a constant voltage source, and the emitter of the third triode is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor and extends outward to form a receiving signal port. The other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded.

[0032] The second triode and the sixth resistor form the fourth switch, the base of the second triode is connected to the fourth control terminal, and the sixth resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the second diode as a bias resistor.

[0033] The fifth transistor, the tenth resistor and the thirteenth resistor form the fifth switch, and the base of the fifth transistor is connected to the fifth control terminal. The thirteenth resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the fifth transistor as a bias resistor. The tenth resistor is connected between the base of the fifth transistor and the enable signal receiving port as a current limiting resistor.

[0034] In addition, the base of the third triode is connected to the collector of the second triode through the eighth resistor. The emitter of the second triode is connected to the collector of the fifth triode, and the emitter of the fifth triode is grounded.

[0035] Optionally, the resistance values ​​of the first to thirteenth resistors are determined according to one or more of the voltage of the common positive electrode, the state of the transistor under different voltage ranges, and the leakage current characteristics.

[0036] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application further provide the following technical solutions: an electronic system comprising a processor and the above communication circuit.

[0037] The processor is connected to the communication circuit and is used to control the communication circuit to switch between the receiving state and the sending state; and when the communication circuit is in the sending state, the target signal is sent to another electronic system connected to the same communication connection line through the sending module; when the communication circuit is in the receiving state, the target signal sent from another electronic system is received through the receiving module.

[0038] Optionally, the processor has at least one low power consumption mode, and the target signal includes a wake-up signal for causing the processor to exit the low power consumption mode; when the processor enters the low power consumption mode, the processor controls the communication circuit to be in a receiving state; when the processor receives a wake-up signal from another electronic system through the receiving module, the processor exits the low power consumption mode.

[0039] Optionally, the wake-up signal is an interrupt signal formed by conversion between a high level and a low level.

[0040] Optionally, the electronic system includes a first subsystem and a second subsystem. The first subsystem includes a first processor and the first communication circuit as described above, and the second subsystem includes a second processor and the second communication circuit as described above;

[0041] When the first processor enters the low power consumption mode, the first communication circuit is configured to be in the receiving state; the second processor sends an interrupt signal of high level and low level conversion through the second communication circuit configured to be in the sending state, so that the first processor exits the low power consumption mode when receiving the terminal signal through the first communication circuit.

[0042] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application also provide the following technical solutions: a battery pack. The battery pack includes the above-mentioned electronic system and a battery cell module.

[0043] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application further provide the following technical solutions: an electric device comprising: the battery pack as described above and a load powered by the battery pack.

[0044] The communication circuit of the embodiment of the present application uses a common positive electrode connection to achieve communication connection between different subsystems. Signals can be transmitted through the communication connection line connected to the common positive electrode. Even if the ground line between the systems is disconnected, the communication function will not be affected, thereby effectively improving reliability.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0045] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electronic system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a communication circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 A circuit schematic diagram of a communication circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 A circuit schematic diagram of a communication circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 A timing diagram of transmission signals of a communication circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. [Specific implementation method]

[0051] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom" and the like used in this specification is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification and in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0053] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0054] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an electronic system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The present application does not limit the specific implementation of the electronic system, which can be any type of equipment or device including an electrical signal processing and transmission part. For example, a battery pack composed of multiple cells, a charger for charging the battery pack, and an electrical device powered by the battery pack.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic system includes multiple different subsystems, each of which is used to perform different functions (such as a sampling system for collecting the current / voltage of a battery cell in a battery pack, and a power management system for managing the charge and discharge status of each battery cell in the battery pack). The two subsystems are connected to each other through a communication circuit.

[0056] In this embodiment, for the sake of simplicity, two subsystems are used as an example for description, which are respectively referred to as the "first subsystem" and the "second subsystem". The first subsystem 100 and the second subsystem 200 are connected in a "common positive electrode" manner, that is, both subsystems are connected to a common positive electrode +. In this embodiment, the complete electronic system composed of the first subsystem 100 and the second subsystem 200 connected to the common positive electrode can also be referred to as a "common positive electrode system".

[0057] In order to fully describe the present application, one or more functional modules in different subsystems are omitted in the drawings or are considered to have been integrated into a functional module called a "processor". The processor can be any type of electronic computing platform based on a chip with logic computing capabilities (such as a microprocessor MCU) and including one or more peripheral functional modules.

[0058] In some embodiments, the processors of one or more of the subsystems may also have a low power consumption mode that is different from the normal working mode. The "low power consumption mode" refers to an operating mode in which some functions in the subsystem are suspended and only a part of the circuit is kept running so that the power consumption is lower than the normal working state. It can be called "low power consumption mode" because it has lower power consumption than the normal working mode of the subsystem. Of course, the processor that enters the low power consumption mode can be activated or awakened after receiving a specific or preset wake-up signal, and switched back from the low power consumption mode to the normal working mode.

[0059] Please continue reading Figure 1 The first subsystem 100 may include: a first communication circuit 110 and a first processor U1, and the second subsystem 200 includes: a second communication circuit 210 and a second processor U2.

[0060] Among them, the first processor U1, the second processor U2, the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210, as independent functional modules, can form or provide several different connection ports, which are used to send / receive different data or level signals to achieve corresponding functions.

[0061] For example, the first processor U1 and the first communication circuit 110 belonging to the same subsystem may have at least three connection ports, which are used to send signals, receive signals and control the operation status of the communication circuit. The second processor U2 and the second communication circuit 210 may also have a similar structural design.

[0062] The first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210 belonging to different subsystems are connected via a single communication connection line L. The communication connection line L is also connected to the common positive electrode. Its voltage can be higher than 10V or 5V, and it is a high-voltage communication line (compared to the traditional low-voltage communication line, such as a 5V data line).

[0063] Thus, the first subsystem 100 and the second subsystem 200 can achieve mutual communication connection by using the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210. The "communication connection" may refer to that a level signal sent by a processor (U1 or U2) in one of the subsystems can form the same level signal in the processor (U1 or U2) of the other subsystem through the communication circuit (110, 210).

[0064] For example, the level signal (such as a high level signal / low level signal) sent by the first processor U1 can be coordinated between the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210, so that the second processor U2 can receive the same level signal as the sent level signal.

[0065] The electronic system provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes the communication connection between the two subsystems based on the communication connection line L connected to the common positive electrode. Even when the ground line between the subsystems is disconnected or the subsystems do not share a common ground, normal communication function can be guaranteed, and it has higher reliability than the communication circuit of traditional design.

[0066] In some embodiments, in order to meet the need for mutual signal transmission between the above two subsystems, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first communication circuit 110 may include: a first sending module Tx1 and a first receiving module Rx1. The second communication circuit 210 also includes: a second sending module Tx2 and a second receiving module Rx2.

[0067] The first sending module Tx1 and the second sending module Tx2 are circuits for sending signals to another communication circuit through the communication connection line L. The first receiving module Rx1 and the second receiving module Rx2 are circuits for receiving signals from another communication circuit through the communication connection line L.

[0068] In some embodiments, when only a single communication connection line L is used, in order to achieve bidirectional communication between the first subsystem 100 and the second subsystem 200, the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210 need to limit signal transmission to only one direction at the same time.

[0069] In other words, when the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210 are communicating, only one of the sending module (Tx1, Tx2) and the receiving module (Rx1, Rx2) of the first communication circuit 110 or the second communication circuit 210 can be enabled and cannot be enabled at the same time, and the sending module (Tx1, Tx2) and the receiving module (Rx1, Rx2) of the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210 cannot be enabled at the same time.

[0070] For example, when the first sending module Tx1 of the first communication circuit 110 is enabled, the first receiving module Rx1 is disabled. Meanwhile, the second receiving module Rx2 of the second communication circuit 210 is enabled, and the second sending module Tx2 remains disabled.

[0071] In the specification of the present application, for the sake of simplicity, the operating state in which the sending module is enabled, the receiving module is disabled, and the communication circuit is only used to send signals may be referred to as the "sending state", and the operating state in which the receiving module is enabled, the sending module is disabled, and the communication circuit is only used to receive signals may be referred to as the "receiving state".

[0072] Specifically, the operating states of the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210 can be controlled by the processors (U1 and U2) of the corresponding subsystems. The following takes the first communication circuit 110 as an example to describe in detail the connection and control method between the processor and the communication circuit. The second communication circuit 210 can be operated in a similar manner to the first communication circuit 110, and for the sake of simplicity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0073] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the sending module Tx1 of the first communication circuit 110 has a sending signal port Tx1_1 connected to the first processor U1. The receiving module Rx1 has a receiving signal port Rx1_1 connected to the first processor U1 and an enable signal receiving port Rx1_en, which are respectively used to provide the received signal to the first processor U1 and receive the enable signal from the first processor U1.

[0074] The first processor U1 is connected to the transmission signal port Tx1_1 through a signal transmission line or similar connection method, and provides a high level signal / low level signal, etc. to control the transmission module Tx1. The first processor U1 is also connected to the enable signal receiving port Rx1_en of the receiving module Rx1, and provides an enable signal to control the receiving module Rx1.

[0075] It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the present application divides the communication circuit into corresponding circuit modules based on the functions to be performed, and this functional division is not used to limit the present application.

[0076] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication circuit may be a first communication circuit, a second communication circuit, or any other circuit module for establishing a communication connection in practical applications.

[0077] Figure 3 A circuit schematic diagram of a communication circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 The communication circuit shown is Figure 2 The communication circuit shown is just one implementation method and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0078] The following combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The communication circuit shown in FIG. 1 describes in detail the specific structure and composition of two relatively independent functional modules (transmitting module Tx and receiving module Rx).

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the sending module Tx may include: a first controllable switch unit S1 arranged between the above-mentioned communication connection line L and the common positive electrode +.

[0080] The first controllable switch unit S1 is a circuit component for cutting off or establishing the connection between the communication connection line L and the common positive electrode +, and can be implemented by a circuit module composed of one or more electrical components of any type or form.

[0081] Specifically, the "switch unit" refers to a circuit structure having at least two states, namely, on (open) and off (closed), so that the components connected at both ends of the switch unit can switch between the two states of connection and disconnection. "Controllable" means that it can automatically switch between the two states of on and off according to the appropriate control signal provided by other similar functional modules such as a processor. In other words, the switch unit can be controlled by a control signal.

[0082] In other embodiments, in addition to controlling the level signal formed on the communication connection line L, the first controllable switch unit S1 can also be used to control the operating state of the sending module Tx1 to ensure the orderly transmission of the level signal on the communication connection line L.

[0083] Specifically, when the communication circuit is in the receiving state and the sending module Tx needs to be disabled, the processor can provide a continuous disable control signal to the sending signal port Tx_1 to keep the first controllable switch unit S1 in the cut-off state, thereby cutting off the connection between the communication connection line L and the common positive electrode +.

[0084] When the communication circuit is in the sending state, the processor can directly provide the target signal to be sent to the sending signal port Tx_1. The first controllable switch unit S1 can switch between the on and off states accordingly according to the change of the target signal from the processor, thereby forming a level signal consistent with the target signal to be sent on the communication connection line L.

[0085] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the first controllable switch unit S1 may include: a first switch S11 having a first control terminal Ctrl1 and a second switch S12 having a second control terminal Ctrl2.

[0086] Here, a "switch" refers to an electrical component arranged in a circuit that can close or open the circuit. The switches in this embodiment all have at least one control terminal. They can switch between the on and off states in response to a control signal injected into the control terminal to achieve the above-mentioned "controllable" effect.

[0087] In this embodiment, the identifiers such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish multiple components of the same type (such as switches), and are not used to limit the components they modify. The above identifiers can be adjusted or replaced according to the needs of the description.

[0088] Specifically, the "switch" can be a component composed of several control devices according to a certain connection logic, and can be turned on or off according to different control signals. The control device includes a transistor, a MOS tube, an optical coupler, and the like, which have at least two different states of "on" and "off" and can play the role of a switch.

[0089] Please continue reading Figure 3 The two ends of the first switch S11 are respectively connected to the common positive electrode + and the communication connection line L, so that the first switch S11 can establish the connection between the communication connection line L and the common positive electrode + when it is turned on, and disconnect the connection between the common positive electrode + and the communication connection line L when it is turned off.

[0090] The second control terminal Ctrl2 of the second switch S12 can be connected to the signal transmission port Tx_1 to receive the target signal provided by the processor. The first control terminal Ctrl1 of the first switch S11 is connected to the second switch S12, so that the first switch S11 can change with the state change of the second switch S12. For example, when the second switch S12 is turned on, the first control terminal Ctrl1 controls the first switch S11 to be turned on, and when the second switch S12 is turned off, the first switch S11 is controlled to be turned off.

[0091] During the actual operation of the transmission module Tx, the processor needs to provide the target signal to the second control terminal Ctrl2 to control the second switch S12 to be turned on or off. The first switch S11 changes accordingly with the state of the second switch, thereby establishing or disconnecting the communication connection line L from the common positive electrode +, and generating a level signal consistent with the target signal.

[0092] Please continue reading Figure 2 The receiving module Rx may include: a second controllable switch unit S2, a follower unit F and a receiving signal port Rx_1.

[0093] The receiving signal port Rx_1 is a node where the receiving module Rx of the communication circuit forms a level signal, and can feed back the level signal on the communication connection line L to the processor of the subsystem.

[0094] The second controllable switch unit S2 is a circuit component similar to the first controllable switch unit S1 , which is connected between the communication connection line L and the follower unit F, and mainly functions to control the action of the follower unit F according to the level change of the communication connection line L.

[0095] The follower unit F is a circuit component that can pull up the receiving signal port Rx_1 to form a high level signal or pull down to form a low level signal. Under the control of the second controllable switch unit S1, the receiving signal port Rx_1 can generate a high level / low level signal consistent with the level signal on the communication connection line L.

[0096] During the actual operation of the receiving module Rx, the second controllable switch unit S2 controls the follower unit F to pull up or down the level of the receiving signal port Rx_1 according to the level signal change on the communication connection line L, so that it can change with the level signal change on the communication connection line L, and then provide the target signal sent by the processor of another subsystem to the processor of the subsystem.

[0097] For details, please continue to refer to Figure 3 The following unit F may include: a constant voltage source VCC, a third switch S03 having a third control terminal Ctrl3, and a resistor R.

[0098] The second controllable switch unit S2 is connected to the third control terminal Ctrl3 to control the third switch S03 to be turned on or off. One end of the resistor R is grounded, and the other end is connected to the receiving signal port Rx_1. The third switch S03 is connected between the constant voltage source VCC and the receiving signal port Rx_1.

[0099] Thus, when the third switch S03 is turned on, the receiving signal port Rx_1 can be pulled up by the constant voltage source VCC to form a high level signal, and when the third switch S03 is turned off, the receiving signal port Rx_1 is pulled down by the resistor R to form a low level signal, thereby realizing the function of the follower unit F.

[0100] In other embodiments, in addition to being used to make the level of the receiving signal port follow the level change of the communication connection line L, the second controllable switch unit S2 can also be used to control the operating state of the receiving module Rx according to the control signal provided by the processor.

[0101] Different from the control method of controlling the transmission module Tx disclosed in the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the receiving module Rx has an enable signal receiving port Rx_en dedicated to the control state, which can be used to receive an enable signal from the processor. The enable signal used by the processor to control the operating state of the receiving module Rx may include: a first enable signal for enabling the receiving module and a second enable signal for disabling the receiving module.

[0102] by Figure 3Taking the structure of the follower unit F shown as an example, the second controllable switch S2 composed of the fourth switch S21 and the fifth switch S22 can be connected between the third control terminal Ctrl3 and the ground GND, and can cut off or establish the connection between the third control terminal Ctrl3 and the ground to turn on or off the third switch S03.

[0103] When the communication circuit is in the sending state and the receiving module needs to be disabled, the processor can provide a second enable signal to the enable signal receiving port Rx_en, so that the second controllable switch unit S2 controls the third switch S03 to remain in the cut-off state, and the receiving signal port Rx_1 is continuously at a low level.

[0104] When the communication circuit is in the receiving state and the receiving module is enabled, the processor can provide a first enable signal to the enable signal receiving port Rx_en, so that the second controllable switch unit S2 is in a controllable state. At this time, the second controllable switch unit S2 can control the third switch S03 to be turned off or on according to the level signal change on the communication connection line L, so that the receiving signal port Rx_1 forms a consistent level signal and provides it to the processor.

[0105] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The second controllable switch unit S2 includes: a fourth switch S21 and a fifth switch S22 connected in series.

[0106] The fourth switch S21 has a fourth control terminal Ctrl4 connected to the communication connection line L, which can be turned on or off in response to the change of the level signal of the communication connection line L. The fifth switch S22 has a fifth control terminal Ctrl5 connected to the above-mentioned enable signal receiving terminal Rx_en for receiving an enable signal from the processor.

[0107] "Serial connection" means that two switches are connected in series or in other similar ways in the circuit, and the second controllable switch unit S2 can only be turned on when the two switches are turned on at the same time. In other words, the second controllable switch unit S2 is in the on state only when both the fourth control terminal Ctrl4 and the fifth control terminal Ctrl5 receive the control signal to turn on the switch. When any one of the fourth control terminal Ctrl4 or the fifth control terminal Ctrl5 receives the control signal to turn off the switch, the second controllable switch unit S2 is in the off state.

[0108] During the actual operation of the receiving module, when the fifth control terminal Ctrl5 receives the first enable signal (the control signal that turns on the fifth switch) provided by the processor, the conduction and cutoff of the second controllable switch unit S2 depends on the level signal received by the fourth control terminal Ctrl4, and the receiving module is enabled.

[0109] The fourth control terminal Ctrl4 can control the fourth switch S21 to be turned on or off according to the level change of the communication connection line L. When the fourth switch S21 is turned on, the fifth switch S22 is also in the turned-on state. When the fourth switch S21 is turned off, the fifth switch S22 is also in the turned-off state.

[0110] When the fifth control terminal Ctrl5 receives the second enable signal (control signal to turn off the fifth switch) provided by the processor, the fifth switch S22 will remain in the off state. No matter what level signal the fourth control terminal Ctrl4 receives, the fourth switch S21 is also in the off state, and the receiving module is disabled.

[0111] In some embodiments, one or more unidirectional conducting devices D (such as diodes) for limiting the transmission direction of the level signal may be added to the transmitting module Tx and the receiving module Rx to ensure the correct direction of signal transmission in the communication circuit.

[0112] Specifically, these unidirectional conductive devices D can be arranged at one or more locations inside the receiving module, at the connection between the sending module and the communication connection line, and at the connection between the receiving module and the communication connection line, for example Figure 3 The two shown utilize their unidirectional conduction characteristics to ensure the direction of signal transmission.

[0113] In some embodiments, a current limiting protector (such as a thermistor or a similar current limiting protection circuit) for limiting the current and an electrostatic resistor (such as a transient diode) for protecting the circuit from electrostatic damage may also be added to the transmitting module Tx and the receiving module Rx.

[0114] These current limiting protectors and electrostatic resistors can be deployed at one or more locations forming connection ports, such as the second control terminal, the receiving signal port, the enable signal receiving port and / or the fourth control terminal. In the event of excessive current or instantaneous high voltage, the excessive current or voltage can be promptly disconnected or directed to the ground terminal to ensure the universal reliability and electrostatic protection capability of the module's connection port.

[0115] The communication circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize two-way communication between two subsystems using a single communication connection line, thereby having the technical effect of saving connection ports, etc.

[0116] Moreover, the single communication connection line L is connected to the common positive electrode of the system. It is a high-voltage connection line with a voltage greater than 10V or 5V. Compared with traditional communication circuit designs, it has higher reliability and can still ensure effective communication functions even when the ground wires between subsystems are disconnected or not shared.

[0117] Figure 4A circuit schematic diagram of a first communication circuit 110 and a second communication circuit 210 connected to a single communication connection line L provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0118] Since the signal transmission from the first communication circuit 110 to the second communication circuit 210 and the signal transmission from the second communication circuit 210 to the first communication circuit 110 are two processes with opposite signal transmission directions, the first communication circuit 110 and the second communication circuit 210 can be implemented with the same circuit structure.

[0119] Therefore, to avoid duplication of description, the following Figure 4 The circuit schematic diagram shown takes the signal transmission from the first communication circuit 110 (in the sending state) to the second communication circuit 210 (in the receiving state) as an example to describe in detail the signal transmission process and the specific implementation of the communication circuit.

[0120] like Figure 4 As shown, the first sending module Tx1 of the first communication circuit 100 includes: a first transistor Q1_1, a fourth transistor Q4_1, a third resistor R3_1, a fifth resistor R5_1, a ninth resistor R9_1 and a twelfth resistor R12_1.

[0121] Among them, the first transistor Q1_1 and the third resistor R3_1 can form the above-mentioned first switch S11, and the base of the first transistor Q1_1 is the first control terminal Ctrl1. The third resistor R3_1 is connected between the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and as a bias resistor, it can block the leakage current and improve the reliability of the transistor in the cut-off state. The emitter and collector of the first transistor Q1_1 are respectively connected to the common positive electrode + and the communication connection line L.

[0122] The fourth transistor Q4_1, the twelfth resistor 12_1 and the ninth resistor R9_1 can form the above-mentioned second switch S12, and the base of the fourth transistor Q4 is the second control terminal Ctrl2. The twelfth resistor R12_1 is connected between the base and the emitter of the fourth transistor Q4_1, and as a bias resistor, it can block the leakage current and improve the reliability of the transistor in the cut-off state. The ninth resistor R9_1 is connected between the base of the first transistor Q1_1 and the signal transmission port Tx1_1 as a current limiting resistor. The collector of the fourth transistor Q4_1 and the base of the first transistor Q1_1 are connected through the fifth resistor R5_1.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first sending module Tx1 of the first communication circuit 100 may further include: a first resistor R1_1, a first capacitor C1_1 and a first diode D1_1 to provide better performance.

[0124] The first resistor R1_1 is a current limiting resistor connected between the collector of the first triode Q1_1 and the communication connection line L. The first capacitor C1_1 is connected across the two ends of the first resistor R1_1 to assist in adjusting the voltage waveform. The positive electrode of the unidirectional first diode D1_1 is connected to the first resistor R1_1, and the negative electrode is connected to the communication connection line L, and its unidirectional conduction characteristics are used to ensure that the sending module Tx1 has the correct signal transmission direction.

[0125] Please continue reading Figure 4 The second receiving module Rx2 of the second communication circuit 210 connected to the first communication circuit 110 through the communication connection line L includes: a second transistor Q2_2, a third transistor Q3_2, a fifth transistor Q5_2, a sixth resistor R6_2, a seventh resistor R7_2, an eighth resistor R8_2, a tenth resistor R10_2, an eleventh resistor R11_2 and a thirteenth resistor R13_2.

[0126] Among them, the eleventh resistor R11_2 is the resistor R of the follower unit. The third transistor Q3_2 and the seventh resistor R7_2 can form the third switch S03 of the above-mentioned follower unit, and the base of the third transistor Q3_2 is the third control terminal Ctrl3. The seventh resistor R7_2 is connected between the base and the emitter of the third transistor Q3_2 as a bias resistor. The emitter of the third transistor Q3_2 is connected to a constant voltage source VCC providing a 3.3V voltage, and the collector of the third transistor Q3_2 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11, and extends outward to form a receiving signal port Rx2_1. The other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded.

[0127] The second transistor Q2_2 and the sixth resistor R6_2 form the fourth switch S21, and the base of the second transistor Q2_2 is the fourth control terminal Ctrl4. The sixth resistor R6_2 is connected between the base and emitter of the second diode Q2_2, and as a bias resistor, it can block leakage current and improve the reliability of the transistor in the cut-off state.

[0128] The fifth transistor Q5_2, the tenth resistor R10_2 and the thirteenth resistor R13_2 form the fifth switch S22, and the base of the fifth transistor Q5_2 is the fifth control terminal Ctrl5. The thirteenth resistor R13_2 is connected between the base and the emitter of the fifth transistor Q5_2, and as a bias resistor, it can block the leakage current and improve the reliability of the transistor in the cut-off state. The tenth resistor R10_2 is connected between the base of the fifth transistor Q5_2 and the enable signal receiving port Rx2_en, and serves as a current limiting resistor.

[0129] In addition, the base of the third triode Q3_2 is connected to the collector of the second triode Q2_2 through the eighth resistor R8_2. The emitter of the second triode Q2_2 is connected to the collector of the fifth triode Q5_2, and the emitter of the fifth triode Q5_2 is grounded.

[0130] In some embodiments, similar to the first sending module Tx1 of the first communication circuit 100, the second receiving module Rx2 of the second communication circuit 200 may further include: a fourth resistor R4_2, a second capacitor C2_2, a second diode D2_2 and a third diode D3_2 to provide better performance.

[0131] The fourth resistor R4_2 is a current limiting resistor connected between the base of the second transistor Q2_2 and the communication connection line L. The second capacitor C2_2 is connected across the fourth resistor R4_2 to assist in adjusting the voltage waveform.

[0132] The positive electrode of the unidirectionally conducting second diode D2_2 is connected to the fourth resistor R4_2, and the negative electrode thereof is connected to the base of the second triode Q2_2, and the unidirectionally conducting characteristic thereof is utilized to ensure that the receiving module Rx2 has the correct signal transmission direction. The positive electrode of the third diode D3_2 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8_2, and the negative electrode thereof is connected to the collector of the second triode Q2_2, and plays a role similar to that of the second diode in limiting the current transmission direction.

[0133] In some embodiments, when determining and adjusting Figure 4 The specific resistance values ​​of each resistor in the circuit structure shown can be optimized according to the voltage of the common positive electrode in the hope of obtaining lower circuit power consumption; according to the leakage current characteristics of the transistor, a bias resistor with a reasonable resistance value can be selected to prevent excessive leakage current from causing the transistor to be mis-conducted, and appropriate resistance values ​​can be set according to the different states of the transistor under different voltage ranges to meet the requirements of the level signal on the communication waveform and transmission delay. Alternatively, the transistor and diode devices with appropriate withstand voltage values ​​can be selected and determined according to the voltage of the common positive electrode to avoid the breakdown of semiconductor devices such as transistors and diodes during the use of the communication circuit, resulting in circuit failure.

[0134] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The circuit schematic diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission process when the signal is transmitted from the first communication circuit 110 (in the sending state) to the second communication circuit 210 (in the receiving state).

[0135] like Figure 5 As shown, for the first communication circuit 110 in the sending state:

[0136] The first receiving module Rx1 is disabled, the enable signal receiving port Rx1_en receives the low-level enable signal provided by the first processor, and the second transistor Q2_1, the third transistor Q3_1 and the fifth transistor Q5_1 of the first receiving module Tx1 are all in the cut-off state. The level of the receiving signal port Rx1_1 is pulled down to the ground by the eleventh resistor R11, forming a low-level signal and providing it to the first processor.

[0137] The first sending module Tx1 has the following signal sending process according to the different level signals received by the sending signal port Tx1_1:

[0138] From time t0 to time t1, when the sending signal port Tx1_1 of the first sending module Tx1 receives the high level signal provided by the first processor, the fourth transistor Q4_1 and the first transistor Q1_1 are turned on.

[0139] At this time, the electrode voltage of the common positive electrode + can be provided to the connection between the first sending module Tx1 and the communication connection line L through the first transistor Q1_1, the first resistor R1_1 and the first diode D1_1, thereby forming a high-level signal on the communication connection line L and transmitting it to the receiving module Rx2 of the second communication circuit.

[0140] When the transmission signal port Tx1_1 of the first transmission module Tx1 receives a low level signal from time t1 to time t2, the fourth transistor Q4_1 and the first transistor Q1_1 are turned off. At this time, the electrode voltage of the common positive electrode + cannot pass through the first transistor Q1_1, thereby forming a low level signal on the communication connection line L.

[0141] At this time, when the second receiving module Rx2 of the second communication circuit fails to receive a high level signal from the communication connection line L, the eleventh resistor R11_2 inside it will pull down the receiving signal port Rx2_1 to a low level and provide a low level signal to the second processor.

[0142] Please continue reading Figure 5 , for the second communication circuit 210 in the receiving state:

[0143] The second sending module Tx2 is disabled, and its sending signal port Tx2_1 receives a continuous low-level signal provided by the second processor, so that the fourth transistor Q4_2 and the first transistor Q1_2 of the second sending module Tx2 remain in the cut-off state and do not send any signal.

[0144] The enable signal receiving port Rx2_en of the second receiving module Rx2 receives the high level enable signal provided by the second processor and is in an enabled state. According to the level signal change of the communication connection line L, the following signal receiving process is performed:

[0145] From time t0 to time t1, the communication connection line L provides the electrode voltage of the common positive electrode to the receiving signal port Rx2_1 of the second receiving module Rx2, thereby turning on the second transistor Q2_2. When the second transistor Q2_2 is turned on, the fifth transistor Q5_2 is also turned on.

[0146] When the second transistor Q2_2 and the fifth transistor Q5_2 are both turned on, the third transistor Q3_2 is also turned on, so that the level of the receiving signal port Rx2_1 is pulled up to 3.3V, and the second processor can receive a high-level signal.

[0147] From time t1 to time t2, the communication connection line L is disconnected from the common positive electrode, and the electrode voltage cannot be provided to the receiving signal port Rx2_1 of the second receiving module Tx2. Therefore, the second transistor Q2_2 is turned off. When the second transistor Q2_2 is turned off, the fifth transistor Q5_2 is also turned off.

[0148] When the second transistor Q2_2 and the fifth transistor Q5_2 are both in the cut-off state, the third transistor Q3_2 is also in the cut-off state, and the level of the receiving signal port is pulled down to the ground by the eleventh resistor R11_2, and the second processor receives a low-level signal.

[0149] based on Figure 5 In the signal transmission process shown, when the first subsystem 100 needs to send a signal to the second subsystem 200, the first processor can provide a low-level enable signal to the communication circuit, so that the first receiving module Rx1 is disabled, and the target signal to be sent is provided to the communication circuit. The first sending module Tx1 of the communication circuit forms a signal of the same level as the target signal to be sent on the communication connection line L.

[0150] At this time, the second subsystem 200 is in a receiving state, and the second sending module Tx2 is disabled by receiving a continuous low-level signal provided by the second processor. The second receiving module Rx2 is enabled by receiving a high-level enable signal from the second processor, and a level signal consistent with the level signal of the communication connection line L can be formed at the receiving signal port Rx2_1. The second processor is connected to the receiving signal port Rx2_1 to obtain the target signal sent by the first processor.

[0151] In a preferred embodiment, when at least one of the first subsystem 100 and the second subsystem 200 has a low power consumption mode, based on Figure 4 The circuit schematic shown can provide a level signal transmission function and can also realize low power mode wake-up.

[0152] Taking the first subsystem 100 in low power consumption mode as an example, when the first processor U1 of the first subsystem 100 enters low power consumption mode, a continuous low-level signal can be provided to the communication circuit, so that the first sending module Tx1 is disabled and the communication circuit is in a receiving state. When the second processor U2 of the second subsystem 200 needs to activate and wake up the first processor U1, it can send a trigger signal to the first subsystem 100 through the second communication circuit 210 to wake it up from the low power consumption mode.

[0153] Specifically, the first processor U1 entering the low power consumption mode may use or configure any suitable type of trigger mode, such as an interrupt trigger mode. Accordingly, the trigger signal may adopt a suitable signal form (such as high-low level conversion) to wake up the first processor U1 from the low power consumption mode, or trigger it to exit from the low power consumption mode.

[0154] The embodiment of the present application also provides a battery pack. The battery pack includes N battery modules and a battery management system for managing the N battery modules. The different subsystems such as the current sampling system, the temperature detection system and the central processing unit in the battery management system include a communication circuit as described in one or more of the above embodiments to achieve communication connection between any two subsystems.

[0155] In some embodiments, the communication circuit may be further applied to a charger paired with the battery pack to achieve a communication connection between the charger and the battery pack or a communication connection between one or more subsystems of the charger itself.

[0156] Based on the battery pack provided in the above embodiments, the present application further provides an electric device, which includes the battery pack and a load provided in one or more embodiments, and uses the battery pack as a power source to supply power to the load.

[0157] Among them, the electrical device can specifically be any type of equipment or system that uses electricity as an energy source, including but not limited to similar energy storage devices such as emergency power supplies, electric vehicles with one wheel, two wheels, three wheels, four wheels or more wheels, electric impact drills, electric seed drills and other similar electric tools, and fixed-wing aircraft, rotorcraft, helicopters or quadcopters and other similar unmanned aerial vehicles that rely on electricity to drive.

[0158] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication circuit, the communication circuit being connected to another communication circuit via a communication connection line, characterized in that: The two communication circuits connected by the communication connection line have a common positive electrode, and the communication connection line is a single communication connection line connected to the common positive electrode; The communication circuit comprises: A sending module, the sending module is used to send a signal to another communication circuit through the communication connection line when the communication circuit is in a sending state; A receiving module, the receiving module is used to receive a signal from another communication circuit through the communication connection line when the communication circuit is in a receiving state; When the communication circuit is in a sending state, the sending module is enabled and the receiving module is disabled; when the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the sending module is disabled and the receiving module is enabled.

2. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sending module comprises: a first controllable switch unit arranged between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode; The first controllable switch unit is used to cut off or establish the connection between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode, so as to form different level signals on the communication connection line.

3. The communication circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the first controllable switch unit keeps cutting off the connection between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode, so that the sending module is disabled; When the communication circuit is in a sending state, the first controllable switch unit is used to cut off or establish the connection between the communication connection line and the common positive electrode according to the sent signal, so that a level signal consistent with the sent signal is formed on the communication connection line.

4. The communication circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first controllable switch unit comprises: a first switch having a first control terminal and a second switch having a second control terminal; Two ends of the first switch are respectively connected to the common positive electrode and the communication connection line, and when the first switch is turned on, the connection between the common positive electrode and the communication connection line is established, and when the first switch is turned off, the connection between the common positive electrode and the communication connection line is cut off; The first control end is connected to the second switch, and is used to control the first switch to be turned on when the second switch is turned on, and to control the first switch to be turned off when the second switch is turned off; The second control terminal is used to control the second switch to be turned on or off according to the sent signal.

5. The communication circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first switch and the second switch are composed of a plurality of control devices, and the control devices include triodes, MOS tubes and / or optical couplers.

6. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving module comprises: a second controllable switch unit, a follower unit and a receiving signal port; The following unit is connected to the signal receiving port; The second controllable switch unit is connected to the communication connection line, and is used to control the follower unit according to the level signal of the communication connection line, and form a level signal consistent with the level signal of the communication connection line at the receiving signal port.

7. The communication circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following unit includes: a constant voltage source, a third switch having a third control terminal, and an eleventh resistor; One end of the eleventh resistor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the signal receiving port; The third switch is connected between the constant voltage source and the signal receiving port; The second controllable switch unit is connected to the third control terminal and is used to control the third switch to be turned on or off, thereby forming a high level signal or a low level signal at the signal receiving port.

8. The communication circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the communication circuit is in a sending state, the second controllable switch unit controls the third switch to remain turned off so that the receiving module is disabled; When the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the second controllable switch unit is used to control the third switch to be turned off or on according to the level signal of the communication connection line, so as to form a level signal consistent with the level signal of the communication connection line at the receiving signal port.

9. The communication circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second controllable switch unit comprises: an enable signal receiving port for receiving an enable signal; the enable signal comprises a first enable signal for enabling the receiving module and a second enable signal for disabling the receiving module; The second controllable switch unit is connected between the third control terminal and the ground, and is used to cut off or establish the connection between the third control terminal and the ground, so as to turn on or off the third switch; When receiving the second enable signal, the second controllable switch unit keeps disconnecting the third control terminal from the ground, so that the third switch remains turned off; When receiving the first enable signal, the second controllable switch unit cuts off or establishes the connection between the third control terminal and the ground according to the level signal of the communication connection line, so as to turn off or turn on the third switch.

10. The communication circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second controllable switch unit comprises: a fourth switch having a fourth control terminal and a fifth switch having a fifth control terminal, the fifth switch being connected in series with the fourth switch; The fourth control terminal is connected to the communication connection line and is used to receive the level signal of the communication connection line, and the fifth control terminal is connected to the enable signal receiving port; Wherein, when receiving the first enable signal, the fourth control end is used to control the fourth switch and the fifth switch to be turned on or off according to the level signal of the communication connection line; When the second enable signal is received, the fifth control terminal is used to control the fourth switch and the fifth switch to remain turned off.

11. The communication circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are composed of a plurality of control devices, and the control devices include triodes, MOS tubes and / or optical couplers.

12. The communication circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The sending module and / or the receiving module further includes: a plurality of unidirectional conducting devices; The unidirectional conductive component is arranged inside the sending module, inside the receiving module, at the first connection and / or at the second connection; The first connection point is the connection point between the sending module and the communication connection line, and the second connection point is the connection point between the receiving module and the communication connection line.

13. The communication circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The sending module and / or the receiving module further includes: a current limiting protector; The current limiting protector comprises: a thermistor; The current limiting protector is arranged inside the sending module, inside the receiving module, at the first connection and / or at the second connection; The first connection point is the connection point between the sending module and the communication connection line, and the second connection point is the connection point between the receiving module and the communication connection line.

14. The communication circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The sending module and / or the receiving module further includes: an electrostatic resistor; The electrostatic resistor comprises: a transient diode; The electrostatic resistor is arranged inside the sending module, inside the receiving module, at the first connection and / or at the second connection; The first connection point is the connection point between the sending module and the communication connection line, and the second connection point is the connection point between the receiving module and the communication connection line.

15. An electronic system, characterized in that: The system comprises a processor and a communication circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14; The processor is connected to the communication circuit and is used to control the communication circuit to switch between the receiving state and the sending state; and When the communication circuit is in a sending state, the target signal is sent to another electronic system connected to the same communication connection line through the sending module; when the communication circuit is in a receiving state, the target signal sent by the other electronic system is received through the receiving module.

16. The electronic system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The processor has at least one low power consumption mode, and the target signal comprises a wake-up signal for causing the processor to exit the low power consumption mode; When the processor enters the low power consumption mode, the processor controls the communication circuit to be in a receiving state; When a wake-up signal from the other electronic system is received through the receiving module, the processor exits the low power consumption mode.

17. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack includes the electronic system and the battery cell module as described in claim 15 or 16.

18. An electrical device, characterized in that: The electrical device comprises: the battery pack as claimed in claim 17 and a load powered by the battery pack.

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