A complete set of vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment and forming method

Abstract

The present invention provides a complete set of vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment and forming method. The device includes: a vacuum melting equipment, a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, a product cooling device and a product collection device; the devices are connected in a vacuum environment. The present invention improves the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, and realizes the efficient combination of the melting equipment and the liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, omitting processes such as the transfer and reheating of the molten metal, avoiding oxidation, burning loss of the molten metal during melting, casting and forming, and the introduction of harmful gas impurity elements. It is especially suitable for metals and their alloys that are prone to burning loss and oxidation, such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys with high magnesium content. The prepared product has no internal oxidation inclusions, a smooth surface, high brightness and no oxidation; the equipment is compact, energy-saving, shortens the production process, greatly reduces the production cost, and is more suitable for large-scale industrial continuous production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, and more particularly to a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion complete set of equipment and a forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Liquid continuous rheological extrusion belongs to the short process processing technology of direct metal forming. The liquid continuous rheological extrusion forming method realizes the one-step processing and forming of pure metals and various non-ferrous alloy products from liquid to solid. Compared with the traditional hot extrusion forming method, it omits processes such as handling and preheating of metal materials, and has the characteristics of short process, high efficiency, and low cost. It is an advanced technology in the field of near-net forming of non-ferrous metals.

[0003] Although liquid continuous rheological extrusion has advantages such as short process, low cost, and high efficiency, in the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion technology, the completely melted metal melt needs to be transferred to a tundish, then the melt in the tundish is heat-insulated, and finally it flows into the liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine through a runner for extrusion forming. In this process, the metal melt is extremely prone to oxidation, burning loss, and introduction of harmful gas impurity elements, which is more serious for metals and their alloys that are prone to burning loss and oxidation, such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys with high magnesium content. Moreover, the introduction of impurities reduces the purity of the metal melt, which enters the liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine with the metal melt for extrusion forming, damaging the performance of the product. At the same time, the temperature of the metal melt inevitably decreases during the transfer to the tundish, and the metal melt needs to be reheated and heat-insulated, resulting in low production efficiency, high cost, serious energy waste, and a long production process, which limits the application and popularization of the liquid continuous rheological extrusion short process processing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion complete set of equipment and a forming method thereof are provided.

[0005] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A vacuum melting equipment, a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, a product cooling device, and a product receiving device;

[0007] The vacuum melting equipment includes:

[0008] A vacuum induction melting furnace, which is used for vacuum melting of materials; and

[0009] A melting furnace vacuum heat-insulated chute, which is inclined towards the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment;

[0010] The vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment includes:

[0011] A vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish, which is used for electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment and heat preservation treatment of the melt. It includes an electromagnetic stirring device and an ultrasonic vibration device. The input end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish is connected to the output end of the vacuum induction melting furnace through the melting furnace vacuum heat preservation chute;

[0012] A vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine, which is used for the extrusion forming of the melt from liquid state to solid state. Its input end is connected to the output end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish through the tundish vacuum heat preservation runner; and

[0013] A product cooling device, which is used for cooling the extrusion formed product. Its input end is connected to the output end of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine through Vacuum Pipeline Ⅰ; its output end is connected to the product collection device through Vacuum Pipeline Ⅱ.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the tundish vacuum heat preservation runners matches the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine.

[0015] Furthermore, the inside of Vacuum Pipeline Ⅰ and Vacuum Pipeline Ⅱ has guide wheel grooves. The number of the guide wheel grooves matches the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine. A plurality of guide wheels are arranged in the guide wheel grooves, and a rising arc surface is arranged between two adjacent guide wheels.

[0016] Furthermore, the product collection device includes a coiler and a guide wheel arranged between the coiler and Vacuum Pipeline Ⅱ.

[0017] Furthermore, the product cooling device has a liquid nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen outlet, and air valves are arranged at both ends of the product cooling device.

[0018] The present invention also discloses a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion forming method, including the steps:

[0019] S1. Melting and pouring:

[0020] The prepared materials are vacuum melted through the vacuum induction melting furnace. After the materials are fully melted, they enter the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish through the vacuum heat preservation chute; the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic vibration device perform electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment and heat preservation treatment on the melt flowing into the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish. After the melt treatment is completed, the melt flow rate is matched with the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine;

[0021] S2. Vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion:

[0022] The molten metal flows through the tundish vacuum heat-insulated runner into the feeding cavity formed by the annular groove on the surface of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine and the extrusion wheel. The melt cools and undergoes dynamic solidification to complete the extrusion forming.

[0023] S3. Cooling and coiling:

[0024] The extruded product enters the vacuum pipeline I from the output end of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine, then enters the product cooling device, and then enters the product collection device through the vacuum pipeline II to collect the extruded product.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step S3, the product cooling device cools the extruded product or does not cool the extruded product, and the extruded product is collected by the product collection device by using the residual heat of the extruded product.

[0026] The forming method can be used for the energy-saving, high-efficiency and short-process preparation of ultra-fine grain / nano-crystalline pure alloys and non-ferrous metal materials such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, zinc alloys, and copper alloys; it can avoid the oxidation and burning loss of products and the introduction of harmful gas impurity elements during the melting, casting and forming processes, and is especially suitable for metals and their alloys that are easy to burn and oxidize. The prepared products have a smooth surface, high brightness and no oxidation.

[0027] The present invention provides a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion complete set of equipment and a forming method. The present invention improves the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment and realizes the efficient combination of the melting equipment and the liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, omitting processes such as the transfer and reheating of molten metal, and avoiding the oxidation, burning loss and the introduction of harmful gas impurity elements caused by high temperature during the melting, casting and forming processes of molten metal. It is especially suitable for metals and their alloys that are easy to burn and oxidize, such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys with a high magnesium content. The prepared products have no internal oxidation inclusions, a smooth surface, high brightness and no oxidation; at the same time, the equipment is compact, energy-saving, shortens the production process, greatly reduces the production cost, and is more suitable for large-scale industrial continuous production.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. Compared with the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, the complete set of equipment of the present invention omits processes such as the transfer and reheating of molten metal. The equipment is compact, energy-saving, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

[0030] 2. The method of the present invention avoids the oxidation and burning loss of products and the introduction of harmful gas impurity elements during the melting, casting and forming processes, and is especially suitable for metals and their alloys that are easy to burn and oxidize. The prepared products have no internal oxidation inclusions, a smooth surface, high brightness and no oxidation.

[0031] 3. The present invention can be used for the energy-saving, efficient, and short-process preparation of high-performance ultrafine-grained / nanocrystalline pure alloys and non-ferrous metal materials such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, zinc alloys, and copper alloys.

[0032] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the fields such as metal processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a set of vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a guide wheel in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the annular groove on the surface of the extrusion wheel in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vacuum insulation flow channel of the tundish in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 Microstructure comparison diagram of the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion and the alloy prepared by the present invention in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, (a is the alloy prepared by the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion method, b is the alloy prepared by the present invention). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the drawings and combine the embodiments to detail the present invention.

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually illustrative only and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0042] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of the components and steps, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationship. Technologies, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods and devices should be regarded as part of the authorized specification. In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. generally indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The orientation terms "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0044] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper", etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature shown in the figure and other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure for the device. For example, if the device in the attached drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of differentiating the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above terms have no special meanings, and thus should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a set of vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment includes: a vacuum melting equipment, a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, a product cooling device, and a product collecting device;

[0048] The vacuum melting equipment includes:

[0049] A vacuum induction melting furnace 1 for vacuum melting of materials; a solenoid valve I 2 is provided at its output end; and

[0050] A melting furnace vacuum heat preservation flow trough 3 that slopes towards the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment;

[0051] The vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment includes:

[0052] A vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish 4 for electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment, and heat preservation treatment of the melt. It includes an electromagnetic stirring device 5 and an ultrasonic vibration device 6. The input end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish 4 is connected to the output end of the vacuum induction melting furnace 1 through the melting furnace vacuum heat preservation flow trough 3; a solenoid valve II 7 is provided at the output end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish 4;

[0053] The vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10 is used for the extrusion forming of the melt from the liquid state to the solid state. Its input end is connected to the output end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish through the tundish vacuum heat preservation runner 8. High-temperature resistant rubber pads 9 are provided at both ends of the tundish vacuum heat preservation runner 8.

[0054] The product cooling device 16 is used for cooling the extruded product. Its input end is connected to the output end of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10 through the vacuum pipeline I 13. The product cooling device 16 has a liquid nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen outlet, and air valves I 15 and air valves II 18 are respectively provided at both ends of the product cooling device.

[0055] The output end of the product cooling device 16 is communicated with one end of the vacuum pipeline II 17.

[0056] The product receiving device includes a coiler 21 and a guide wheel 19 provided between the coiler 21 and the air valve II 18. The number of the tundish vacuum heat preservation runners 8 matches the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10. As Figures 3 to 4 shown, the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel is 2, and the number of the tundish vacuum heat preservation runners 8 is 2.

[0057] The vacuum pipeline I 13 and the vacuum pipeline II 17 are internally provided with guide wheel grooves. The number of the guide wheel grooves matches the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10. A plurality of guide wheels 14 are provided in the guide wheel grooves, and a rising arc surface is provided between two adjacent guide wheels.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a vacuum liquid / solid continuous rheological extrusion forming method includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Melting and pouring: The prepared metal materials are melted under vacuum in a vacuum induction melting furnace 1. After the metal materials are fully melted, the solenoid valve I 2 at the outlet of the metal melt is opened, and the metal melt flows into the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish 4 through the vacuum heat preservation chute 3 of the melting furnace. The electromagnetic stirring device 5 and the ultrasonic vibration device 6 are turned on to perform electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment, and heat preservation treatment on the metal melt flowing into the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish 4. After the melt treatment is completed, the solenoid valve II 7 is opened to regulate the metal melt flow rate and match it with the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10. The metal materials used are high-purity aluminum (99.994%) and high-purity magnesium ingots (99.9%). According to the alloy composition Al-5Mg (wt.%), an Al-5Mg (wt.%) alloy melt is prepared in the vacuum induction melting furnace 1 at a melting temperature of 750°C. During this process, the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish 4 is heated to 750°C, and at the same time, the electromagnetic stirring device 5 and the ultrasonic vibration device 6 are turned on to perform electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration treatment on the melt.

[0061] S2. Vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion: The metal melt flows into the feeding cavity formed by the annular groove on the surface of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10 through the tundish vacuum heat preservation channel 8. The cooling of the metal melt is achieved through the cooling system of the extrusion wheel and the extrusion shoe, causing it to undergo dynamic solidification. The friction between the extrusion wheel groove and the metal materials drives the metal materials to flow forward through the extrusion die to complete the extrusion forming. During this process, the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10 is evacuated, the rotation speed is adjusted to 10 r / min, and the alloy melt flows into the extrusion cavity of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion machine 10 through the tundish vacuum heat preservation channel 8. The solid rod extrusion die extrudes and forms a rod.

[0062] S3. Cooling and coiling: After the extruded product is formed, the air valve I 15 is opened, and the product enters the product cooling device 16 through the guide wheel groove inside the vacuum pipeline I 13. The liquid nitrogen in the product cooling device 16 can be used to cool the continuously produced alloy rod. After the rod passes through the air valve II 18, the cooled extruded product 20 is collected by the guide wheel 19 and the coiler 21.

[0063] As Figure 5 shown, when comparing the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion with the Al-5Mg (wt.%) alloy prepared by the present invention, the Al-5Mg (wt.%) alloy prepared by the present invention has finer equiaxed grains, no internal oxidation inclusions, a smooth surface, high brightness without oxidation, and better mechanical properties than the rods prepared by the existing liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complete set of vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion equipment, characterized in that, Comprising: A vacuum melting device, a vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion device, a product cooling device and a product receiving device; The vacuum melting device comprises: A vacuum induction melting furnace for vacuum melting of materials; and A melting furnace vacuum heat preservation chute inclined towards the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion device; The vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion device comprises: A vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish for electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment and heat preservation treatment of the melt, which comprises an electromagnetic stirring device and an ultrasonic vibration device, and the input end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish is connected to the output end of the vacuum induction melting furnace through the melting furnace vacuum heat preservation chute; A vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder for extruding and forming the melt from liquid state to solid state, and its input end is connected to the output end of the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish through an intermediate ladle vacuum heat preservation runner; and A product cooling device for cooling the extruded and formed product, and its input end is connected to the output end of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder through a vacuum pipeline I; its output end is connected to the product receiving device through a vacuum pipeline II; The number of the intermediate ladle vacuum heat preservation runners matches the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder; the vacuum pipeline I and the vacuum pipeline II are internally provided with guide wheel grooves, the number of the guide wheel grooves matches the number of the annular grooves of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder, a plurality of guide wheels are arranged in the guide wheel grooves, and a rising arc surface is arranged between two adjacent guide wheels; The product receiving device comprises a coiler and a guide wheel arranged between the coiler and the vacuum pipeline II; The product cooling device has a liquid nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen outlet, and air valves are arranged at both ends of the product cooling device.

2. A vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion forming method using the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion complete equipment described in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the steps: S1. Melting and pouring: The prepared materials are vacuum melted by the vacuum induction melting furnace, and after the materials are fully melted, they enter the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish through the vacuum heat preservation chute; the electromagnetic stirring device and the ultrasonic vibration device perform electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment and heat preservation treatment on the melt flowing into the vacuum electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration tundish, and after the melt treatment is completed, the melt flow rate is matched with the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder; S2. Vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion: The molten metal flows into the feeding cavity formed by the annular groove on the surface of the extrusion wheel of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder and the extrusion wheel through the intermediate ladle vacuum heat preservation runner, the melt is cooled and undergoes dynamic solidification to complete the extrusion forming; S3. Cooling and coiling: The extruded and formed product enters the vacuum pipeline I from the output end of the vacuum liquid continuous rheological extruder, then enters the product cooling device, and then enters the product receiving device through the vacuum pipeline II to receive the extruded and formed product.

3. A vacuum liquid continuous rheological extrusion forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the step S3, the product cooling device cools the extruded and formed product or does not cool the extruded and formed product, and the extruded and formed product is received by the product receiving device by using the residual heat of the extruded and formed product.

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