An instrument and method for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs

Abstract

The present invention relates to an instrument and method for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs. The instrument includes: an external box body, a spotlight module, a vision lens, a rotating and moving module, and a control module; the spotlight module is used to irradiate the eggs from the bottom, the vision lens is used to collect image data on the surface of the eggs, the rotating and moving module is used to drive the eggs to rotate, and the control module is used to control the switch and rotation of the rotating and moving module, as well as control the light intensity of the spotlight module; the spotlight module, the vision lens, and the rotating module are all located inside the cavity of the external box body; the vision lens is installed on the side wall of the external box body; the rotating module is installed on the bottom surface of the external box body and is separated from the vision lens by a certain distance. The dark spot egg detection instrument of the present invention can support the simultaneous measurement of large samples and has higher efficiency. The internal space structure of the instrument is more reasonable, and a 360° evaluation of the egg surface can be carried out. Dark spot detection can be performed on common egg products such as eggs, duck eggs, and goose eggs, which is more comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an instrument and method for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs. Background Art

[0002] Eggs are a high-quality and inexpensive source of protein. In China, the annual inventory of laying hens is 1.1 billion, and 95% of egg consumption is fresh eggs. With the improvement of the consumption level of the general public, higher requirements are also put forward for the quality of eggs. If there are more dark spots visible to the naked eye with varying shades of color on the surface of the eggshell, it will seriously affect consumers' desire to purchase. In fact, from the perspective of animal nutrition, the occurrence of dark-spotted eggs often means insufficient secretion of eggshell membrane protein, resulting in larger gaps at the dark-spotted areas of the eggshell. The increase in gaps undoubtedly increases the probability of harmful substances such as mycotoxins and Salmonella in the environment entering the interior of the eggs, posing potential health risks to the human body. Therefore, determining the degree of occurrence of dark-spotted eggs is of great significance for ensuring human health and promoting the economic benefits of the egg-laying hen industry.

[0003] Currently, the methods for detecting dark-spotted eggs often involve manually transmitting light and observing the occurrence of dark spots with the naked eye to evaluate the degree of dark spots on eggs. There is no relatively accurate and calculable quantitative index. This method is time-consuming and laborious, with low efficiency and strong subjective awareness. It is not conducive to researchers making accurate judgments, and it is also impossible to accurately determine subtle differences in dark spots, resulting in relatively large errors. Therefore, inventing a device that can rely on the professional background of animal nutrition, is high-throughput, and can accurately and quickly detect dark spots has great research value and commercial value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an instrument and method for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs to solve the defects existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An instrument for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs includes: an external box body 1, a spotlight module 17, a vision lens 24, a rotating and moving module, and a control module; the spotlight module 17 is used to irradiate the egg from the bottom, the vision lens 24 is used to collect image data on the surface of the egg, the rotating and moving module is used to drive the egg to rotate, and the control module is used to control the switch and rotation of the rotating and moving module, and to control the light intensity of the spotlight module 17;

[0007] The spotlight module 17, the vision lens 24, and the rotating module are all located inside the cavity of the external box body 1; the vision lens 24 is installed on the side wall of the external box body 1; the rotating module is installed on the bottom surface of the external box body 1 and is separated from the vision lens 24 by a certain distance;

[0008] The rotation and movement module includes a slide rail 14, a slider base 15, a tray rotation stepper motor 16, a tray 18, a number of bearing sleeves 19, sleeve gears 20, a bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21, and a sleeve transmission gear 22; the slide rail 14 is installed on the bottom surface of the external box body 1, the slider base 15 is installed on the slide rail 14 and can slide along the slide rail 14; the tray rotation stepper motor 16 is installed at one end of the slider base 15 and is used to drive the tray 18 to rotate; a number of circular holes are evenly arranged on the tray 18 along the circumference, and a bearing sleeve 19 is provided above each circular hole, and a sleeve gear 20 is provided outside each bearing sleeve 19; the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21 is installed at the center of the top surface of the tray 18 and is used to drive the sleeve transmission gear 22 to rotate; the sleeve transmission gear 22 meshes with all the sleeve gears 20 and is used to drive the sleeve gears 20 to rotate.

[0009] The bearing sleeve 19 includes a non-slip egg tray 28, a light-shielding sleeve 29, and a bearing 31. The hollow part of the light-shielding sleeve 29 is a light source channel 30; the non-slip egg tray 28 is used to place eggs, and through holes are opened at the bottom of the non-slip egg tray 28, which are located above the light source channel 30; the bearing 31 is installed above the circular hole of the tray 18, and the light-shielding sleeve 29 is installed on the bearing 31; the light source channel 30 corresponds to the circular hole.

[0010] The spotlight module 17 includes a spotlight base 25, a light-shielding lampshade 26, and a spotlight 27. The spotlight module 17 is installed at the other end of the slider base 15 and corresponds to the circular holes on the tray 18; the light of the spotlight 27 irradiates the bottom of the eggs through the circular holes and the light source channel 30.

[0011] The control module includes a tray rotation stepper motor control module, a bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module, a storage module, a USB interface, and an external device interface; the tray rotation stepper motor control module is used to control the rotation of the tray rotation stepper motor 16, the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module is used to control the rotation of the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21, the storage module is used to store image data, the USB interface is used to transfer the image data in the storage module to an external device, and the external device interface is used to connect to an external device.

[0012] On the side cover plate 5 of the external box body 1, there are a supplementary light hole 6, a visual lens data transmission interface 7, a spotlight switch 9, a power switch 10, a power socket 11, and a visual lens base fixing hole 12; the supplementary light hole 6 is used to supplement light inside the external box body 1, the visual lens data transmission interface 7 is used to transfer the image data in the visual lens 24 to an external device; the spotlight switch 9 is used to control the switch of the spotlight module 17, the power switch 10 is used to control the on and off of the power supply, the visual lens base fixing hole 12 is used to fix the visual lens fixing base 23, and the visual lens 24 is installed on the visual lens fixing base 23.

[0013] The resolution of the vision lens 24 is 3072×2048.

[0014] A method for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs includes the following steps:

[0015] Obtain the pixel data of the images of the front and back surfaces of the eggs (the front and back surfaces respectively cover a range of 180° of the egg surface);

[0016] Calculate the cross-sectional area of the eggs, the number of dark spots, and the area of a single dark spot in the image based on the pixel data, and comprehensively judge the distribution of dark spots according to the following indicators:

[0017] Total dark spot area: The sum of the areas of all dark spots on each egg. The larger the total dark spot area, the worse the eggshell quality;

[0018] Proportion of dark spot area = Total dark spot area / Cross-sectional area. The higher the proportion of dark spot area, the worse the eggshell quality;

[0019] Dark spot index: Calculated according to the Shannon index formula H = -∑(ni / N)lg(ni / N), where H represents the dark spot index, indicating the diversity of dark spot distribution. Here, ni represents the area of a single dark spot, and N represents the total dark spot area. The larger the dark spot index, the more extensive the dark spot distribution and the worse the eggshell quality.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] 1. The dark spot egg detection instrument of the present invention supports simultaneous measurement of large samples and has higher efficiency.

[0022] 2. The dark spot egg detection and analysis software of the present invention (this software is separated from the detection instrument on an external computer) is independently developed based on the professional background of animal nutrition in animal husbandry and has a more professional method for judging and analyzing dark spot eggs.

[0023] 3. The internal space structure of the dark spot egg detector of the present invention is more reasonable, and it can evaluate the egg surface at 360°.

[0024] It can perform dark spot detection on common egg products such as eggs, duck eggs, and goose eggs, which is more comprehensive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention has the following drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 : The external front view of the instrument of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 : The external right view of the instrument of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 : The internal structure schematic of the instrument of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the instrument of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the instrument of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0031] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the spotlight module;

[0032] Figure 7 : Cross-sectional view of the bearing sleeve;

[0033] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing sleeve.

[0034] Wherein: 1. Outer box body, 2. Hatch door, 3. Keyhole, 4. Handle, 5. Side cover plate, 6. Light supplement hole, 7. Visual lens data transmission interface, 9. Spotlight switch, 10. Power switch, 11. Power socket, 12. Fixed hole for the base of the visual lens, 14. Slide rail, 15. Slide block base, 16. Tray rotation stepping motor, 17. Spotlight module, 18. Tray, 19. Bearing sleeve, 20. Sleeve gear, 21. Bearing sleeve rotation stepping motor, 22. Sleeve transmission gear, 23. Fixed base for the visual lens, 24. Visual lens, 25. Spotlight base, 26. Light shielding cover, 27. Spotlight, 28. Anti-slip egg tray, 29. Light isolation sleeve, 30. Light source channel, 31. Bearing. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] As Figures 1-8 shown, the instrument for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs according to the present invention includes: an outer box body 1, a spotlight module 17, a visual lens 24, a rotating and moving module, and a control module; the spotlight module 17 is used to irradiate the eggs from the bottom, the visual lens 24 is used to collect image data on the surface of the eggs, the rotating and moving module is used to drive the eggs to rotate, and the control module is used to control the switch and rotation of the rotating and moving module, and to control the light intensity of the spotlight module 17;

[0037] The spotlight module 17, the visual lens 24, and the rotating module are all located inside the cavity of the outer box body 1; the visual lens 24 is installed on the side wall of the outer box body 1; the rotating module is installed on the bottom surface of the outer box body 1 and is separated from the visual lens 24 by a certain distance;

[0038] The rotation and movement module includes a slide rail 14, a slider base 15, a tray rotation stepper motor 16, a tray 18, a number of bearing sleeves 19, a sleeve gear 20, a bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21, and a sleeve transmission gear 22; the slide rail 14 is installed on the bottom surface of the external box body 1, the slider base 15 is installed on the slide rail 14 and can slide along the slide rail 14; the tray rotation stepper motor 16 is installed at one end of the slider base 15 and is used to drive the tray 18 to rotate; a number of round holes are evenly arranged on the tray 18 along the circumference, and a bearing sleeve 19 is arranged above each round hole, and a sleeve gear 20 is arranged outside each bearing sleeve 19; the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21 is installed at the center of the top surface of the tray 18 and is used to drive the sleeve transmission gear 22 to rotate; the sleeve transmission gear 22 meshes with all the sleeve gears 20 and is used to drive the sleeve gears 20 to rotate.

[0039] The bearing sleeve 19 includes an anti-slip egg tray 28, a light-shielding sleeve 29, and a bearing 31. The hollow part of the light-shielding sleeve 29 is a light source channel 30; the anti-slip egg tray 28 is used to place eggs, and a through hole is opened at the bottom of the anti-slip egg tray 28, which is located above the light source channel 30; the bearing 31 is installed above the round hole of the tray 18, and the light-shielding sleeve 29 is installed on the bearing 31; the light source channel 30 corresponds to the round hole.

[0040] The spotlight module 17 includes a spotlight base 25, a light-shielding lamp cover 26, and a spotlight 27. The spotlight module 17 is installed at the other end of the slider base 15 and corresponds to the round holes on the tray 18; the light of the spotlight 27 irradiates the bottom of the eggs through the round holes and the light source channel 30.

[0041] The control module includes a tray rotation stepper motor control module, a bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module, a storage module, a USB interface, and an external device interface; the tray rotation stepper motor control module is used to control the rotation of the tray rotation stepper motor, the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module is used to control the rotation of the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor, the storage module is used to store image data, the USB interface is used to transfer the image data in the storage module to an external device, and the external device interface is used to connect to an external device.

[0042] On the side cover plate 5 of the external box body 1, there are a supplementary light hole 6, a visual lens data transmission interface 7, a spotlight switch 9, a power switch 10, a power socket 11, and a visual lens base fixing hole 12; the supplementary light hole 6 is used to supplement light inside the external box body 1, the visual lens data transmission interface 7 is used to transfer the image data in the visual lens 24 to an external device; the spotlight switch 9 is used to control the switch of the spotlight module 17, the power switch 10 is used to control the on and off of the power supply, and the visual lens base fixing hole 12 is used to fix the visual lens fixing base 23, and the visual lens 24 is installed on the visual lens fixing base 23.

[0043] The resolution of the vision lens 24 is 3072×2048.

[0044] The external box 1 is a hollow hexahedron structure, including a hatch door 2. A handle 4 is installed on the hatch door 2 for opening or closing the hatch door 2; a keyhole 3 is also installed for locking the hatch door 2.

[0045] Anti-slip foot pads are provided at the bottom of the external box 1 to improve the stability of the device.

[0046] The vision lens 24 is connected to the storage module through a wire, enabling the photos taken by the vision lens to be stored in the storage module simultaneously. These photos can be transmitted to an external device through a USB interface.

[0047] The external device is connected to an external computer. The tray rotation stepper motor control module and the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module are respectively connected to the tray rotation stepper motor 16 and the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21 through wires to control parameters such as the switch, rotation sequence, and speed of the stepper motors.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dark spot distribution of 12 eggs can be detected at a time. The tray 18 rotates 30° each time, and the bearing sleeve 19 rotates 180° each time.

[0049] Brief description of the workflow for detecting eggs with dark spots: Open the hatch door 2, place the eggs on the corresponding bearing sleeve 19 of the tray 18, and manually change the position of the slider base 15 to adjust the distance between the vision lens 24 and the eggs. Different types of eggs require different distances. Close the hatch door 2, turn on the power switch 10 and the spotlight switch 9. The tray rotation stepper motor control module controls the tray rotation stepper motor 16 to rotate. After aligning the eggs with the vision lens 24, stop rotating. The vision lens 24 collects the image data on the surface of the eggs and transmits the data to the computer through the vision lens data transmission interface 7. Then, the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor 21 drives the sleeve transmission gear 22 to rotate. The sleeve transmission gear 22 drives the sleeve gear 20 to rotate, and the sleeve gear 20 drives the eggs to rotate 180° in place. The vision lens continues to collect the pixel data on the other side of the eggs and transmits the data back. Then, the tray rotation stepper motor 16 rotates. After aligning the next egg with the vision lens 24, stop rotating. The vision lens 24 collects the pixel data on the front and back surfaces of the eggs and transmits the data back. Repeat the above process until all 360° pixel data of all the eggs on the entire tray are collected, which completes one detection. After the detection is completed, take out the eggs, replace them with the next batch of eggs, and repeat all the above processes. After all the detections are completed, take out the eggs, close the hatch door 2 and all the power switches. At this time, all the data of the eggs are uploaded to the computer, and various indicators of the eggs with dark spots are calculated through the computer, and finally the dark spot distribution of the eggs is obtained.

[0050] A method for measuring the degree of egg dark spots, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Obtain the pixel data of the images of the front and back surfaces of the egg (the front and back surfaces respectively cover a range of 180° of the egg surface);

[0052] Calculate the cross-sectional area of the egg, the number of dark spots, and the area of a single dark spot in the image based on the pixel data, and comprehensively judge the dark spot distribution according to the following indicators:

[0053] Total dark spot area: The sum of the areas of all dark spots on each egg. The larger the total dark spot area, the worse the eggshell quality;

[0054] Dark spot area ratio = total dark spot area / cross-sectional area. The higher the dark spot area ratio, the worse the eggshell quality;

[0055] Dark spot index: Calculated according to the Shannon index formula H = -∑(ni / N)lg(ni / N), where H represents the dark spot index, indicating the diversity of dark spot distribution. Here, ni represents the area of a single dark spot, and N represents the total dark spot area. The larger the dark spot index, the more extensive the dark spot distribution, and the worse the eggshell quality.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical fields can also make various changes and modifications without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the well-known prior art of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An instrument for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs, characterized in that, it includes: an external box body (1), a spotlight module (17), a vision lens (24), a rotation and movement module, and a control module; the spotlight module (17) is used to irradiate eggs from the bottom, the vision lens (24) is used to collect image data on the surface of the eggs, the rotation and movement module is used to drive the eggs to rotate, and the control module is used to control the switch and rotation of the rotation and movement module, and to control the light intensity of the spotlight module (17); the spotlight module (17), the vision lens (24) and the rotation module are all located in the cavity of the external box body (1); the vision lens (24) is installed on the side wall of the external box body (1); the rotation module is installed on the bottom surface of the external box body (1) and is separated from the vision lens (24) by a certain distance; the rotation and movement module includes a slide rail (14), a slider base (15), a tray rotation stepping motor (16), a tray (18), a number of bearing sleeves (19), sleeve gears (20), a bearing sleeve rotation stepping motor (21) and a sleeve transmission gear (22); the slide rail (14) is installed on the bottom surface of the external box body (1), the slider base (15) is installed on the slide rail (14) and can slide along the slide rail (14); the tray rotation stepping motor (16) is installed at one end of the slider base (15) and is used to drive the tray (18) to rotate; a number of round holes are evenly arranged along the circumference on the tray (18), and a bearing sleeve (19) is provided above each round hole, and a sleeve gear (20) is provided outside each bearing sleeve (19); the bearing sleeve rotation stepping motor (21) is installed at the center of the top surface of the tray (18) and is used to drive the sleeve transmission gear (22) to rotate; the sleeve transmission gear (22) meshes with all the sleeve gears (20) and is used to drive the sleeve gears (20) to rotate; the bearing sleeve (19) includes a non-slip egg tray (28), a light-shielding sleeve (29) and a bearing (31), and the hollow part of the light-shielding sleeve (29) is a light source channel (30); the non-slip egg tray (28) is used to place eggs, and a through hole is opened at the bottom of the non-slip egg tray (28) above the light source channel (30); the bearing (31) is installed above the round hole of the tray (18), and the light-shielding sleeve (29) is installed on the bearing (31); the light source channel (30) corresponds to the round hole; The bottom of the external box body (1) is provided with anti-slip foot pads.

2. The instrument for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spotlight module (17) is installed at the other end of the slider base (15) and corresponds to the round hole on the tray (18); the light emitted by the spotlight module (17) irradiates the bottom of the egg through the round hole and the light source channel (30).

3. The instrument for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spotlight module (17) includes a spotlight base (25), a light-shielding lamp cover (26) and a spotlight (27).

4. The instrument for measuring the degree of dark spots on eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes a tray rotation stepper motor control module, a bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module, a storage module, a USB interface, and an external device interface; the tray rotation stepper motor control module is used to control the rotation of the tray rotation stepper motor (16), the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor control module is used to control the rotation of the bearing sleeve rotation stepper motor (21), the storage module is used to store image data, the USB interface is used to transfer the image data in the storage module to an external device, and the external device interface is used to connect to an external device.

5. The instrument for measuring the degree of egg dark spots as described in claim 1, characterized in that: On the side cover plate (5) of the external box body (1), there are a light supplement hole (6), a visual lens data transmission interface (7), a spotlight switch (9), a power switch (10), and a power socket (11); the light supplement hole (6) is used to supplement light inside the external box body (1), and the visual lens data transmission interface (7) is used to transfer the image data in the visual lens (24) to an external device; the spotlight switch (9) is used to control the switch of the spotlight module (17), and the power switch (10) is used to control the on-off of the power supply.

6. The instrument for measuring the degree of egg dark spots as described in claim 1, characterized in that: On the side cover plate (5) of the external box body (1), there is a visual lens base fixing hole (12) for fixing the visual lens fixing base (23), and the visual lens (24) is installed on the visual lens fixing base (23).

7. The instrument for measuring the degree of egg dark spots as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The resolution of the visual lens (24) is 3072×2048.

8. A method for measuring the degree of egg dark spots, using the instrument described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: Obtain the pixel data of the images of the front and back surfaces of the egg; Calculate the cross-sectional area of the egg, the number of dark spots, and the area of a single dark spot from the pixel data, and comprehensively judge the dark spot distribution situation according to the following indicators: Total dark spot area: the sum of the areas of all dark spots on each egg; the larger the total dark spot area, the worse the eggshell quality; Dark spot area ratio = total dark spot area / cross-sectional area; the higher the dark spot area ratio, the worse the eggshell quality; Dark spot index: calculated according to the Shannon index formula H=-Σ(ni / N)lg(ni / N), where H represents the dark spot index, indicating the diversity of dark spot distribution, ni represents the area of a single dark spot, and N represents the total dark spot area. The larger the dark spot index, the more extensive the dark spot distribution and the worse the eggshell quality.

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