Test tube cover opening device

Abstract

The invention relates to a test tube cover opening device, comprising a clamping mechanism and a cover opening mechanism; the characteristics are: the cover opening mechanism comprises a sleeve for the test tube cover to extend into; a clamping member slidably arranged in the sleeve; a transmission member connected to the sleeve; when the clamping member moves downward, each test tube cover is clamped in the sleeve, and then the transmission member transmits the external force applied by the operator to the sleeve, so that the sleeve rotates and drives each clamped test tube cover to rotate, and then the batch cover opening operation is completed; after the cover opening operation is completed, the clamping member moves upward, each test tube cover is loosened, and the operator can take out a single test tube cover from the sleeve; compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that a large number of test tubes can be opened efficiently through the above structure, and after the cover opening is completed, one of the test tube covers can be taken out separately from the device, taking into account the situation that the covers need to be closed separately after the batch cover opening, and the structure is simple and easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of experimental auxiliary equipment, in particular to a test tube cover opening device. Background Art

[0002] The drug sensitivity test is an experiment to detect the sensitivity of microorganisms or organisms to drugs. When the laboratory conducts a drug sensitivity test, drug sensitivity test tubes are usually used to store the microorganisms or organisms. However, during the experiment, the opening operation must be completed first; when the experiment is a large-scale experiment, a large number of test tubes are needed. However, manually opening the cap of each test tube individually adds a lot of work to the experimental operator and reduces efficiency. For this reason, the Chinese utility model patent with patent number ZL202021672339.3 discloses a "test tube cover opening and closing device", which includes: a clamping lifting drive unit; a clamping rotation drive unit connected to the output end of the clamping lifting drive unit; and a clamping part, including a clamping jaw mounting frame, a clamping jaw unit and a push rod lifting drive unit, the clamping jaw mounting frame It is connected to the output end of the clamping rotation drive unit; the clamping jaw unit includes m clamping jaw assemblies distributed circumferentially along the rotation center of the clamping jaw mounting frame and a push rod that can move up and down, the clamping jaw assembly includes a connecting rod and a clamping arm, the upper end of the connecting rod is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the push rod; the upper end of the clamping arm is rotatably connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, the middle part is rotatably arranged on the clamping jaw mounting frame, and the inner side of the lower end has a clamping structure; the push rod lifting drive unit is connected to the output end of the clamping lifting drive unit, and the output end of the push rod lifting drive unit is connected to the upper end of the push rod through a first rolling body; the device can realize the operation of automatically opening and closing the cover, which improves the work efficiency of the experimental operator to a certain extent, but because the device can only open the cover of one test tube at a time, it has certain limitations. For this reason, it is necessary to further improve the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test tube capping device capable of performing batch capping and capping operations on test tubes and removing a single test tube cap after capping is completed, in view of the above technical status.

[0004] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test tube cover opening device which can prevent the test tube body from being contaminated as much as possible during the cover opening process in view of the above technical status.

[0005] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test tube cover opening device which can prevent the test tube cover from being contaminated after the cover opening action is completed in view of the above technical status.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned first technical problem is: the test tube cover opening device comprises:

[0007] A clamping mechanism, used for clamping and positioning the test tube body;

[0008] The cover opening mechanism is used to clamp the test tube cover and rotate it to open the cover; the feature is that the cover opening mechanism comprises:

[0009] The sleeve comprises an inner cylinder with an opening facing downward and used for accommodating the test tube cover;

[0010] A tightening member, used to tighten the test tube caps located in the inner cylinder, and capable of sliding up and down relative to the inner cylinder. When the tightening member moves downward relative to the inner cylinder, each test tube cap is tightened in the inner cylinder;

[0011] A transmission member connected to the upper part of the inner cylinder, wherein the transmission member transmits the external force applied by the operator to the inner cylinder, so that the inner cylinder rotates and drives the clamped test tube caps to rotate, thereby completing the batch opening operation;

[0012] After the opening operation is completed, when the operator applies external force to the abutting member to move upward relative to the inner cylinder, each test tube cap is loosened, and the operator can take out the test tube cap from the inner cylinder.

[0013] To solve the second technical problem, preferably, the clamping mechanism is confined in a lower box body with an open top, and the cover opening mechanism is installed in an upper box body;

[0014] The upper box body can be partially embedded in the top of the lower box body, and the two form a relatively closed internal area. When the operator applies external force, the test tube covers pressed by the pressing member complete the batch opening operation in the aforementioned internal area. Since the upper box body and the lower box body cooperate to form an internal area, the opening process is carried out in a closed environment as much as possible. This operation can prevent the entire opening process from being affected by the outside world, and can effectively protect the opened test tube body and prevent the test tube body from being contaminated by the outside world.

[0015] To solve the third technical problem, preferably, a switch is provided in the upper box body, the switch includes a plate-shaped body, wherein the transmission member is located above the plate-shaped body, and the abutting member is located below the plate-shaped body, the plate-shaped body is also provided with at least two first openings for the inner cylinder body and the abutting member to move in the direction of the transmission member during the cover opening operation, the abutting member includes a resting portion that can be placed on the peripheral portion of the first opening, and the switch also includes a handle exposed on both sides of the upper box body for the operator to hold, the operator applies an external force to the abutting member to move up or down relative to the inner cylinder body by means of the handle. The handle of the switch is arranged on both sides of the upper box body, whether it is the cover opening operation or the test tube cover removal operation after the cover opening operation, the operator applies an external force to the handle to apply an upward or downward force to the inner cylinder body through the abutting member, which can effectively avoid contamination of the test tube body and the test tube cover.

[0016] In order to better allow the pressing member to move up or down relative to the inner cylinder, preferably, the sleeve also includes an outer cylinder located outside the inner cylinder and spaced apart from the inner cylinder, a sliding space is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder for the pressing member to slide up and down, the upper part of the inner cylinder is a closed end, and the lower part of the inner cylinder is directly connected to the outer cylinder, and the transmission member includes a mounting cylinder for connecting to the upper part of the inner cylinder and opening downward, the lower end of the mounting cylinder has an outwardly turned flange, and the flange can be hooked on the upper edge of the outer cylinder to connect the two. The transmission member is transmitted to the mounting cylinder connected to the outer cylinder, so that the test tube cover pressed by the pressing member can move into the mounting cylinder along with the sleeve, thereby realizing the opening operation.

[0017] In order to be able to clamp and loosen the test tube cover more easily, preferably, the clamping member includes an outer clamping member having the shelf portion and at least one inner clamping member arranged along the circumference of the inner cylinder, each of the inner clamping members can move between the accommodating space of the inner cylinder and the sliding space, and when the outer clamping member moves down along the sliding space to abut against each of the inner clamping members, each of the inner clamping members can move toward the accommodating space to clamp the corresponding test tube cover.

[0018] From a structural perspective, preferably, the outer abutment member is a middle cylinder body with openings at the top and bottom, the lower part of the cylinder wall of the middle cylinder body can move downward along the sliding space and abut against each of the inner abutment members, and the upper part is provided with the shelf part, and correspondingly, the peripheral wall of the installation cylinder is provided with a guide hole for the corresponding shelf part to move upward in the direction of the installation cylinder. Due to the setting of the guide hole on the peripheral wall of the installation cylinder, the test tube cover abutted by the abutment member can only move upward along the guide hole without rotating.

[0019] Since the test tube cover is connected to the test tube body by threads, during the process of opening the cover, when the test tube body is clamped and positioned, the test tube cover must move upward under the action of the threads, so that the sleeve and the pressing member move into the installation tube. When the test tube cover is fully opened, the sleeve and the pressing member are completely accommodated in the installation tube. At this time, the outer pressing member of the pressing member has no space to move upward and cannot move upward along the sliding space, so that the pressing member can only press the test tube cover all the time. In order to make it easier to take out a single test tube cover after opening the cover, preferably, the device also includes a first elastic member and a first elastic member arranged in the first A second elastic member is provided inside the elastic member, wherein the upper end of the first elastic member is connected to the top of the mounting tube, and the lower end of the first elastic member is connected to the local concave area of ​​the upper part of the middle tube body at the inner periphery of the shelf portion, so that the lower part of the outer abutting member has a tendency to always move down along the sliding space and abut against each inner abutting member; and the upper end of the second elastic member passes through the upper part of the middle tube body and is connected to the top of the mounting tube, and the lower end of the second elastic member is connected to the closed end of the inner tube body, so that the sleeve always has a tendency to return to the initial position. When it is necessary to take out a single test tube cover after opening the cover, the operator needs to separate the upper box body from the lower box body first. At this time, in the upper box body, the sleeve and the abutting member are accommodated in the mounting tube. At this time, the outer abutting member has no space to move up, and the sleeve and the abutting member need to return to the initial position first. Under the action of the first elastic member and the second elastic member, the sleeve and the abutting member can be ejected from the mounting tube, leaving space for the outer abutting member to move up.

[0020] The external force applied by the operator can be transmitted to each sleeve through the transmission component, so as to realize the batch opening and closing operation. In daily work, gear transmission is generally selected for the selection of transmission components. However, when opening the covers in batches, using gears completely will bring many problems. For example, the rotation direction of gears will change when the gears mesh with each other. Batch opening requires that all working gears rotate in the same direction. For this purpose, an intermediate gear must be added so that the gear receiving the external force rotates in the same direction as the final working gear. This will make the entire transmission component particularly large. Too many gears will also easily cause the phenomenon of stuck teeth. In order to minimize the negative impact caused by the stuck teeth, preferably, the transmission component includes:

[0021] A planetary gear is arranged on the upper box cover of the upper box body, and correspondingly, the upper box cover is provided with a recessed area for mounting the planetary gear, the planetary gear comprises an outer gear ring for receiving an external force applied by an operator, a planetary sub-gear meshed with the outer gear ring, and a sun gear meshed with the planetary sub-gear, wherein the outer gear ring is provided with a gripping portion exposed from the upper box cover for gripping by the operator;

[0022] At least one driving wheel connected to the planetary gear, located below the recessed area, and connected to a portion of the mounting cylinder;

[0023] At least two driven wheels are mounted on the upper box cover and are located below the recessed area and connected to the remaining mounting cylinders;

[0024] an endless belt, wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel or around the driven wheel and the driven wheel, transmitting the power of the driving wheel to each of the driven wheels;

[0025] At least two of the mounting tubes, each of the sleeves is mounted on the corresponding mounting tube, and the sleeve and the abutting member disposed on the sleeve can move into the mounting tube;

[0026] When each test tube cap is pressed tightly against the inner cylinder of each sleeve, the operator applies external force to the gripping part, and the outer gear ring transmits external force to the planetary gear, and the planetary gear transmits external force to the driving wheel. Under the action of the annular belt, the driving wheel transmits external force to each driven wheel, and drives the mounting cylinder and the sleeve mounted on the mounting cylinder to rotate, and then completes the batch opening operation under the state that the clamping mechanism clamps the test tube body. The combination of planetary gear and belt drive can play their respective advantages. In the early transmission of external force, the advantages of stable transmission and reliable operation of gear drive are played, and the planetary gear can make the rotation direction of the outer gear ring consistent with the rotation direction of the planetary gear when the sun gear is fixed. In the later transmission, the belt drive as a transmission mode for transmission between multiple axes plays the advantages of simple belt drive structure and consistent rotation direction. The failure of the belt drive locally does not affect the whole. The combination of the two transmission modes ensures the working stability of the transmission components as much as possible.

[0027] In order to more simply complete the operation of clamping the test tube body, preferably, the clamping mechanism includes at least one pair of clamping plate arrays arranged opposite to each other; when each pair of the clamping plate arrays clamps the test tube body, the transmission member transmits the external force applied by the operator to each of the sleeves, so that each of the test tube caps clamped in each of the sleeves rotates together, thereby realizing the operation of batch opening of the caps;

[0028] The lower box body includes a lower bottom wall, the lower bottom wall is provided with a first through hole for the test tube cover to extend from bottom to top into the internal area, each pair of the clamping plate columns includes a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate; the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are arranged on both sides of the first through hole of the lower bottom wall, adjacent first clamping plates are connected by a first connecting member, the first connecting member includes a first gripping portion extending out of the lower box body, and correspondingly, the lower box body is provided with a second opening for the first gripping portion to extend out; similarly, adjacent second clamping plates are connected by a second connecting member, the second connecting member includes a second gripping portion extending out of the lower box body, and correspondingly, the lower box body is provided with a third opening for the second gripping portion to extend out;

[0029] The operator holds the first handle part and the second handle part, pulls the first connecting member and the second connecting member away from each other, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate can move toward each other to clamp the test tube body. The first connecting member and the second connecting member are locked by the locking member, so that the test tube body is always in a clamped state.

[0030] In order to better clamp the test tube body, it is necessary to lock each pair of clamping plates after they are close together. Preferably, a mounting portion for mounting the locking member is provided on one side of the lower box body, and the locking member is mounted on the mounting portion and arranged above the first connecting member and the second connecting member. The locking member includes a handle portion and a locking portion that can be inserted into the first connecting member and the second connecting member. Correspondingly, the first connecting member and the second connecting member are provided with a first groove and a second groove for the locking portion to be inserted into.

[0031] The locking member is provided with a convex edge for mounting a third elastic member above the locking portion, one end of the third elastic member abuts against the convex edge, and the other end abuts against the mounting portion, so that the locking member always has a tendency to extend downward into the first groove and the second groove. Due to the addition of the elastic member, the locking member can automatically lock the first connecting member and the second connecting member, making the locking operation more convenient.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are that the test tube body is clamped by a clamping mechanism, and the opening mechanism composed of a transmission member, a sleeve and a clamping member is used to perform batch opening operations, so a large number of test tubes can be opened efficiently, thereby improving work efficiency. Moreover, after the opening of the test tubes is completed, the test tube caps can be loosened by the clamping member, and one of the test tube caps can be taken out separately, taking into account the situation where the caps need to be closed separately after batch opening, and the structural design is simple and easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the whole test tube cover opening device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of a test tube cover opening device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a test tube cover opening device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Exploded diagram of

[0037] Figure 5 The decomposition of the cover opening mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 6 The decomposition of the cover opening mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 7 An exploded view of the clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the outer fastening member moving downward relative to the sleeve in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the outer fastening member moving upward relative to the sleeve in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 In the embodiment of the present invention Fig.10 Exploded diagram of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 11The test tube cover opening device of this embodiment comprises a clamping mechanism 1 for clamping and positioning the test tube body 2, and a cover opening mechanism 3 for clamping the test tube cover 21 and rotating to open the cover; the cover opening mechanism 3 comprises a sleeve 31, a clamping member 32 and a transmission member 33; wherein the sleeve 31 comprises an inner cylinder 311 with an opening facing downward and for accommodating the test tube cover 21; and the clamping member 32 is used to clamp the test tube cover 21 located in the inner cylinder 311 and can slide up and down relative to the inner cylinder 311, and when the clamping member 32 moves downward relative to the inner cylinder 311, the test tube cover 21 is opened. In the state of moving, each test tube cover 21 is pressed tightly in the inner cylinder 311; in addition, the transmission member 33 is connected to the upper part of the inner cylinder 311, and transmits the external force applied by the operator to the inner cylinder 311, so that the inner cylinder 311 rotates and drives the clamped test tube covers 21 to rotate, and then completes the batch opening operation; after completing the opening operation, when the operator applies external force to the pressing member 32 to move upward relative to the inner cylinder 311, each test tube cover 21 is loosened, and the operator can remove the test tube cover 21 from the inner cylinder 311.

[0046] In order to prevent the test tube body 2 from being contaminated as much as possible during the opening process, the clamping mechanism 1 of this embodiment is confined in the lower box body 4 with an open top, and the opening mechanism 3 is installed in the upper box body 5; the upper box body 5 can be partially embedded in the top of the lower box body 4, and the two form a relatively closed internal area. When the operator applies external force, the test tube covers 21 pressed by the pressing member 32 complete the batch opening operation in the aforementioned internal area. Since the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 4 cooperate to form an internal area, the opening process is carried out in a closed environment as much as possible. This operation can prevent the entire opening process from being affected by the outside world, and can effectively protect the opened test tube body 2 and prevent the test tube body 2 from being contaminated by the outside world.

[0047] In addition to ensuring that the test tube body 2 is not contaminated during the opening process, it is also necessary to ensure that the test tube cover 21 is not contaminated after the opening action is completed. To this end, this is specifically achieved through the following structure:

[0048] In the present embodiment, a switch member 6 is arranged in the upper box body 5, and the switch member 6 includes a plate-shaped body 61, wherein the transmission member 33 is located above the plate-shaped body 61, and the clamping member 32 is located below the plate-shaped body 61, and the plate-shaped body 61 is also provided with four first openings 611 for the inner cylinder 311 and the clamping member 32 to move in the direction of the transmission member 33 during the cover opening operation. The clamping member 32 includes a resting portion 321 that can be placed on the peripheral portion of the first opening 611, and the switch member 6 also includes a handle portion 62 exposed on both sides of the upper box body 5 for the operator to hold. The operator applies an external force to the clamping member 32 with the help of the handle portion 62 to move it up or down relative to the inner cylinder 311. The handle portion 62 of the switch member 6 is arranged on both sides of the upper box body 5. No matter it is an opening operation or an operation of removing the test tube cover 21 after the opening operation, the operator can apply an external force on the handle portion 62 to apply an upward or downward force to the inner cylinder 311 through the tightening member 32, which can effectively avoid contamination of the test tube body 2 and the test tube cover 21.

[0049] The sleeve 31 of this embodiment also includes an outer cylinder 312 located outside the inner cylinder 311 and spaced apart from the inner cylinder 311, a sliding space 313 is formed between the inner cylinder 311 and the outer cylinder 312 for the pressing member 32 to slide up and down, the upper part of the inner cylinder 311 is a closed end 311a, and the lower part of the inner cylinder 311 is directly connected to the outer cylinder 312, and the transmission member 33 includes a mounting cylinder 335 for connecting with the upper part of the inner cylinder 311 and opening downward, the lower end of the mounting cylinder 335 has an outwardly turned flange 3351, and the flange 3351 can be hooked on the upper edge of the outer cylinder 312 to connect the two. The transmission member 33 is transmitted to the mounting cylinder 335 connected to the outer cylinder 312, so that the test tube cover 21 pressed by the pressing member 32 can move into the mounting cylinder 335 along with the sleeve 31, thereby realizing the opening operation.

[0050] The clamping member 32 of this embodiment includes an outer clamping member 322 with a resting portion 321 and four inner clamping members 323 arranged along the circumference of the inner cylinder 311, each inner clamping member 323 can move between the accommodating space 3111 and the sliding space 313 of the inner cylinder 311, and when the outer clamping member 322 moves down along the sliding space 313 to abut against each inner clamping member 323, each inner clamping member 323 can move toward the accommodating space 3111 to clamp the corresponding test tube cover 21; the outer clamping member 322 is a middle cylinder 3221 with openings at both the upper and lower ends, the lower part of the cylinder wall 3221a of the middle cylinder 3221 can move down along the sliding space 313 and abut against each inner clamping member 323, and the upper part is provided with a resting portion 321, and correspondingly, the peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder 335 is provided with a guide hole 3352 for the corresponding resting portion 321 to move up in the direction of the mounting cylinder 335. Among them, due to the setting of the guide hole 3352 on the peripheral wall of the installation tube 335, the test tube cover 21 pressed by the pressing member 32 can only move upward along the guide hole 3352 without rotating.

[0051] Since the test tube cover 21 is connected to the test tube body 2 by threads, during the process of opening the cover, when the test tube body 2 is clamped and positioned, the test tube cover 21 must move upward under the action of the threads, so that the sleeve 31 and the pressing member 32 move into the installation tube 335. When the test tube cover 21 is fully opened, the sleeve 31 and the pressing member 32 are completely accommodated in the installation tube 335. At this time, the outer pressing member 322 of the pressing member 32 has no space to move upward and cannot move upward along the sliding space 313, so that the pressing member 32 can only press the test tube cover 21 all the time. In order to be able to take out a single test tube cover 21 after the opening of the cover is completed, it is specifically achieved by the following structure: the opening device of this embodiment also includes a first elastic member 71 and a second elastic member 72 arranged on the inner periphery of the first elastic member 71, wherein the upper end of the first elastic member 71 is connected to the top 3353 of the mounting tube 335, and the lower end of the first elastic member 71 is connected to the upper part of the middle cylinder 3221 and the local recessed area 3221b on the inner periphery of the resting portion 321, so that the lower part of the outer abutting member 322 has a tendency to always move downward along the sliding space 313 and abut against each inner abutting member 323; and the upper end of the second elastic member 72 passes through the upper part of the middle cylinder 3221 and is connected to the top 3353 of the mounting tube 335, and the lower end of the second elastic member 72 is connected to the closed end 311a of the inner cylinder 311, so that the sleeve 31 always has a tendency to return to the initial position. When it is necessary to take out a single test tube cover 21 after opening the cover, the operator needs to separate the upper box body 5 from the lower box body 4 first. At this time, in the upper box body 5, the sleeve 31 and the tightening member 32 are accommodated in the mounting tube 335. At this time, the outer tightening member 322 has no space to move up, and the sleeve 31 and the tightening member 32 need to return to their initial positions first. Under the action of the first elastic member 71 and the second elastic member 72, the sleeve 31 and the tightening member 32 can be popped out of the mounting tube, leaving space for the outer tightening member 322 to move up. The upward movement of the outer tightening member 322 releases the restriction on the test tube cover 21, and the operator can take out the test tube cover 21 from the sleeve 31.

[0052] The external force applied by the operator can be transmitted to each sleeve 31 through the transmission member 33, so as to realize batch opening and closing operations. In daily work, gear transmission is generally selected for the transmission member 33. However, when opening the lids in batches, using gears completely will bring many problems. For example, the rotation direction will change when the gears mesh with each other. Batch opening requires that all working gears rotate in the same direction. For this reason, it is necessary to add an intermediate gear so that the gear receiving the external force rotates in the same direction as the final working gear. This will make the entire transmission member 33 particularly large. Too many gears will easily cause the phenomenon of tooth jamming. In order to minimize the problem of tooth jamming, The negative impact of this embodiment is achieved by adopting the following structure: the transmission component 33 includes a planetary gear 331, a driving gear 332, a driven gear 333, an annular belt 334 and a mounting cylinder 335; wherein the planetary gear 331 is arranged on the upper box cover 51 of the upper box body 5, and correspondingly, the upper box cover 51 is provided with a recessed area 511 for mounting the planetary gear 331, the planetary gear 331 includes an outer gear ring 3311 for receiving an external force applied by an operator, a planetary sub-gear 3312 meshing with the outer gear ring 3311 and a sun gear 3313 meshing with the planetary sub-gear 3312, and the outer gear ring 3311 is provided with a sun gear 3313 exposed on the upper box cover 51 for operation In addition, four driving wheels 332 are provided, which are respectively connected to the four planetary gears 3312 and are located under the recessed area 511. Part of the mounting tube 335 is connected to the driving wheel 332. The driven wheel 333 is also installed on the upper box cover 51, also located under the recessed area 511, and connected to the remaining mounting tubes 335. Then, the annular belt 334 is wound around the driving wheel 332 and the driven wheel 333 or around the driven wheel 333 and the driven wheel 333, so as to transmit the power of the driving wheel 332 to each driven wheel 333. Finally, each sleeve 31 is installed in the corresponding mounting tube 335. The sleeve 31 and the clamping member 32 arranged on the sleeve 31 can move into the mounting cylinder 335; when each test tube cover 21 is pressed against the inner cylinder 311 of each sleeve 31, the operator transmits external force to the holding portion 3311a, the outer ring gear 3311 transmits external force to the planetary sub-gear 3312, and the planetary sub-gear 3312 transmits external force to the driving wheel 332. Under the action of the annular belt 334, the driving wheel 332 transmits the external force to each driven wheel 333, and drives the mounting cylinder 335 and the sleeve 31 installed on the mounting cylinder 335 to rotate, and then the batch opening operation is completed when the clamping mechanism 1 clamps the test tube body 2.The combination of planetary gear 331 and belt drive can bring out the advantages of each. In the early transmission of external force, the gear transmission has the advantages of stable transmission and reliable operation, and the planetary gear 331 can make the rotation direction of the outer ring 3311 consistent with the rotation direction of the planetary sub-gear 3312 when the sun gear 3313 is fixed. In the later transmission, the belt drive, as a transmission method for transmission between multiple axes, has the advantages of simple belt drive structure and consistent rotation direction. Local failure of the belt drive does not affect the overall operation. The combination of the two transmission methods ensures the working stability of the transmission component 33 as much as possible.

[0053] In order to complete the batch opening operation through the aforementioned structure, a reliable structure is also required to clamp the test tube body 2. For this purpose, the clamping mechanism 1 of the present embodiment includes eleven pairs of clamping plate rows 11 arranged opposite to each other; when each pair of clamping plate rows 11 clamps the test tube body 3, the transmission member 33 transmits the external force applied by the operator to each sleeve 31, so that each test tube cover 21 clamped in each sleeve 31 rotates together, thereby realizing the batch opening operation; the specific structure of the clamping mechanism 1 is as follows: the lower box body 4 includes a lower bottom wall 41, and the lower bottom wall 41 is provided with a first through hole 411 for the test tube cover 21 to extend from bottom to top into the internal area, and each pair of clamping plate rows 11 includes a first clamping plate 111 and a second clamping plate 112; the first through hole 411 of the lower bottom wall 41 is provided with a first clamping plate 111 and a second clamping plate 112 on both sides, and the adjacent first clamping plates 111 and 112 are ... The plates 111 are connected via a first connecting member 12, which includes a first handle portion 121 extending out of the lower box body 4, and correspondingly, the lower box body 4 is provided with a second opening 42 for the first handle portion 121 to extend out; similarly, adjacent second clamping plates 112 are connected via a second connecting member 13, which includes a second handle portion 131 extending out of the lower box body 4, and correspondingly, the lower box body 4 is provided with a third opening 43 for the second handle portion 131 to extend out; the operator holds the first handle portion 121 and the second handle portion 131, and pulls the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13 away from each other, so that the first clamping plate 111 and the second clamping plate 112 can move toward each other and approach to clamp the test tube body 2, and the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13 are locked by the locking member 14, so that the test tube body 2 is always in a clamped state.

[0054] The clamping operation of the test tube body 2 can be achieved through the above-mentioned mechanism. In order to more conveniently lock each pair of clamping plate columns, a mounting portion 44 for mounting the locking member 14 is provided on one side of the lower box body 4 of the present embodiment. The locking member 14 is mounted on the mounting portion 44 and is arranged above the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13. The locking member 14 includes a handle portion 141 and a locking portion 142 that can extend into the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13. Correspondingly, the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13 are provided with a first groove 122 and a second groove 132 for the locking portion 142 to extend into; the locking member 14 is also provided with a convex edge 143 for mounting the third elastic member 8 above the locking portion 142. One end of the third elastic member 8 abuts against the convex edge 143, and the other end abuts against the mounting portion 44, so that the locking member 14 always has a tendency to extend downward into the first groove 122 and the second groove 132. Since the third elastic member 8 is added, the locking member 14 can automatically lock the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13, making the locking operation more convenient.

[0055] In summary, the use process of the test tube cover opening device is as follows:

[0056] (1) The operator places the test tube to be opened on the test tube rack 9, and then first holds the handle 62 of the switch member 6 and slides it upward. At this time, the outer abutting member 322 placed on the switch member 6 moves upward relative to the inner cylinder 311 of the sleeve 31 under the action of the switch member 6, and the inner abutting members 323 are released from restriction and can move between the sliding space 313 and the accommodating space 3111;

[0057] (2) The operator then operates the test tube cover opening device to allow the test tube body 2 and the test tube cover 21 to enter the inner area formed by the lower box body 4 and the upper box body 5 from the bottom to the top through the first through hole 411 of the lower bottom wall 41. At this time, the test tube cover 21 has already extended into the inner cylinder 311 of the sleeve 31.

[0058] (3) After the test tube cover 21 is inserted into the inner cylinder 311, the operator holds the handle 62 of the switch member 6 and moves it downward relative to the inner cylinder 311. At this time, the outer fastening member 322 moves downward relative to the inner cylinder 311 along the sliding space 313 under the action of the first elastic member 71. Under the action of the outer fastening member 322, the inner fastening member moves toward the accommodating space 3111 of the inner cylinder 311, and fastens the test tube cover 21 accommodated in each inner cylinder 311.

[0059] (4) After tightening the test tube cover 21, the operator holds the first grip portion 121 and the second grip portion 131 and pulls them away from each other, so that the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 13 move away from each other, and the first clamping plate 111 and the second clamping plate 112 move toward each other to clamp the test tube body 2;

[0060] (5) When the test tube body 2 is clamped, the locking member 14 locks the clamping plate array 11 under the action of the third elastic member 8;

[0061] (6) Then, the operator holds the gripping portion 3311a on the outer gear ring 3311 and rotates the outer gear ring 3311. Under the action of the outer gear ring 3311, the planetary gear 3312, the driving wheel 332, the driven wheel 333, the annular belt 334, and the mounting tube 335, the external force applied by the operator is transmitted to the sleeve 31. The sleeve 31 rotates to rotate the clamped test tube cover 21, thereby separating the test tube cover 21 from the test tube body 2, and then completing the cover opening operation.

[0062] (7) Finally, pull the handle 141 of the locking member 14 to disengage the locking portion 142 from the first groove 122 and the second groove 132, loosen the clamping plate array 11, and finally remove the test tube cover opening device with the test tube cover 21 and place it aside; when a box cover is needed, the operation is similar, except that the gripping portion 3211a is held and rotated in the opposite direction;

[0063] (8) When it is necessary to take out a single test tube cover 21 after opening the cover, the operator only needs to separate the upper box body 5 from the lower box body 4, and hold the handle portion 61 of the switch member 6 and slide it upward, so that the outer fastening member 322 placed on the switch member 6 can move upward relative to the inner cylinder 311 under the action of the switch member 6, and each inner fastening member 323 can release the restriction and move between the sliding space 313 and the accommodating space 3111. At this time, the operator can take out the single test tube cover 21 from the upper box body 5.

Claims

1. A test tube cover opening device, comprising: A clamping mechanism (1) is used to clamp and position the test tube body (2); The cover opening mechanism (3) is used to clamp the test tube cover (21) and rotate it to open the cover; the feature is that the cover opening mechanism (3) comprises: The sleeve (31) comprises an inner cylinder (311) with an opening facing downward and used for accommodating the test tube cover (21); A tightening member (32) is used to tighten the test tube caps (21) located in the inner cylinder (311) and can slide up and down relative to the inner cylinder (311); when the tightening member (32) moves downward relative to the inner cylinder (311), each test tube cap (21) is tightened inside the inner cylinder (311); A transmission member (33) is connected to the upper part of the inner cylinder (311), and the transmission member (33) transmits the external force applied by the operator to the inner cylinder (311), so that the inner cylinder (311) rotates and drives the clamped test tube covers (21) to rotate, thereby completing the batch opening operation; After the cover opening operation is completed, when the operator applies external force to the abutting member (32) to move upward relative to the inner cylinder (311), each test tube cover (21) is loosened, and the operator can remove the test tube cover (21) from the inner cylinder (311); The clamping mechanism (1) is confined in a lower box body (4) with an open top, and the cover opening mechanism (3) is installed in an upper box body (5); The upper box body (5) can be partially embedded in the top of the lower box body (4), and the two form a relatively closed internal area. When an operator applies external force, the test tube covers (21) pressed by the pressing member (32) complete the batch opening operation in the aforementioned internal area; A switch component (6) is arranged inside the upper box body (5), and the switch component (6) includes a plate-shaped body (61), wherein the transmission component (33) is located above the plate-shaped body (61), and the pressing component (32) is located below the plate-shaped body (61), and the plate-shaped body (61) is also provided with at least two first openings (611) for allowing the inner cylinder (311) and the pressing component (32) to move in the direction of the transmission component (33) during the cover opening operation, and the pressing component (32) includes a resting portion (321) that can be placed on the peripheral portion of the first opening (611), and the switch component (6) also includes a handle portion (62) exposed on both sides of the upper box body (5) for an operator to hold, and the operator applies an external force to the pressing component (32) with the help of the handle portion (62) to move the pressing component (32) upward or downward relative to the inner cylinder (311).

2. The test tube cover opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (31) further comprises an outer cylinder (312) located outside the inner cylinder (311) and spaced apart from the inner cylinder (311); a sliding space (313) is formed between the inner cylinder (311) and the outer cylinder (312) for the abutting member (32) to slide up and down; the upper portion of the inner cylinder (311) is a closed end (311a), and the lower portion of the inner cylinder (311) is directly connected to the outer cylinder (312); the transmission member (33) comprises a mounting cylinder (335) for connecting to the upper portion of the inner cylinder (311) and with its opening facing downward; the lower end of the mounting cylinder (335) comprises an outwardly turned flange (3351), and the flange (3351) can be hooked on the upper edge of the outer cylinder (312) to connect the two.

3. The test tube cover opening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping member (32) comprises an outer clamping member (322) having the shelf portion (321) and at least one inner clamping member (323) arranged along the circumference of the inner cylinder (311); each of the inner clamping members (323) can move between the accommodating space (3111) of the inner cylinder (311) and the sliding space (313); when the outer clamping member (322) moves down along the sliding space (313) to abut against each of the inner clamping members (323), each of the inner clamping members (323) can move toward the accommodating space (3111) to clamp against the corresponding test tube cover (21).

4. The test tube cover opening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer fastening member (322) is a middle cylinder (3221) which is open at both the top and the bottom. The lower part of the cylinder wall (3221a) of the middle cylinder (3221) can move downward along the sliding space (313) and abut against each of the inner fastening members (323). The upper part is provided with the shelf portion (321). Correspondingly, the peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder (335) is provided with a guide hole (3352) for the corresponding shelf portion (321) to move upward in the direction of the mounting cylinder (335).

5. The test tube cover opening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first elastic member (71) and a second elastic member (72) arranged on the inner periphery of the first elastic member (71), wherein the upper end of the first elastic member (71) is connected to the top (3353) of the mounting tube (335), and the lower end of the first elastic member (71) is connected to the local concave area (3221b) on the inner periphery of the upper part of the middle tube (3221) on the shelf portion (321), so that the lower part of the outer abutting member (322) has a tendency to always move downward along the sliding space (313) and abut against each of the inner abutting members (323); and the upper end of the second elastic member (72) passes through the upper part of the middle tube (3221) and is connected to the top (3353) of the mounting tube (335), and the lower end of the second elastic member (72) is connected to the closed end (311a) of the inner tube (311), so that the sleeve (31) always has a tendency to return to the initial position.

6. The test tube cover opening device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The transmission member (33) comprises: A planetary gear (331) is arranged on an upper box cover (51) of the upper box body (5); correspondingly, the upper box cover (51) is provided with a recessed area (511) for mounting the planetary gear (331); the planetary gear (331) comprises an outer gear ring (3311) for receiving an external force applied by an operator, a planetary sub-gear (3312) meshed with the outer gear ring (3311), and a sun gear (3313) meshed with the planetary sub-gear (3312); wherein the outer gear ring (3311) is provided with a gripping portion (3311a) exposed from the upper box cover (51) for gripping by an operator; At least one driving wheel (332), connected to the planetary gear (3312), located below the recessed area (511), and connected to a portion of the mounting cylinder (335); At least two driven wheels (333) are mounted on the upper box cover (51) and are located below the recessed area (511) and are connected to the remaining mounting cylinders (335); an annular belt (334), wound around the driving wheel (332) and the driven wheel (333) or around the driven wheel (333) and the driven wheel (333), for transmitting the power of the driving wheel (332) to each of the driven wheels (333); at least two installation tubes (335), each sleeve (31) is installed on the corresponding installation tube (335), and the sleeve (31) and the abutting member (32) arranged on the sleeve (31) can move into the installation tube (335); When each test tube cover (21) is pressed tightly against the inner cylinder (311) of each sleeve (31), the operator applies external force to the gripping portion (3311a), and the outer gear ring (3311) transmits the external force to the planetary gear (3312), and the planetary gear (3312) transmits the external force to the driving wheel (332). Under the action of the annular belt (334), the driving wheel (332) transmits the external force to each driven wheel (333), and drives each mounting cylinder (335) and the sleeve (31) mounted on the mounting cylinder (335) to rotate, and then the batch opening operation is completed when the clamping mechanism (1) clamps the test tube body (2).

7. The test tube cover opening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (1) comprises at least one pair of clamping plate arrays (11) arranged opposite to each other; when each pair of the clamping plate arrays (11) clamps the test tube body (2), the transmission component (33) transmits the external force applied by the operator to each of the sleeves (31), so that each of the test tube caps (21) clamped in each of the sleeves (31) rotates together, thereby realizing a batch opening operation; The lower box body (4) includes a lower bottom wall (41), and the lower bottom wall (41) is provided with a first through hole (411) for the test tube cover (21) to extend from bottom to top into the internal area. Each pair of the clamping plate arrays (11) includes a first clamping plate (111) and a second clamping plate (112). The first clamping plate (111) and the second clamping plate (112) are arranged on both sides of the first through hole (411) of the lower bottom wall (41), and adjacent first clamping plates (111) are connected by a first connecting member (12). The first connecting member (12) is connected to the first clamping plate (111). The connecting member (12) includes a first handle portion (121) extending out of the lower box body (4), and correspondingly, the lower box body (4) is provided with a second opening (42) for the first handle portion (121) to extend out; similarly, adjacent second clamping plates (112) are connected via a second connecting member (13), and the second connecting member (13) includes a second handle portion (131) extending out of the lower box body (4), and correspondingly, the lower box body (4) is provided with a third opening (43) for the second handle portion (131) to extend out; The operator holds the first handle portion (121) and the second handle portion (131) and pulls the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (13) in opposite directions, so that the first clamping plate (111) and the second clamping plate (112) can move toward each other to clamp the test tube body (2), and the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (13) are locked by the locking member (14), so that the test tube body (2) is always in a clamped state.

8. The test tube cover opening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A mounting portion (44) for mounting the locking member (14) is provided on one side of the lower box body (4); the locking member (14) is mounted on the mounting portion (44) and is arranged above the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (13); the locking member (14) comprises a handle portion (141) and a locking portion (142) capable of extending into the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (13); correspondingly, a first groove (122) and a second groove (132) for the locking portion (142) to extend into are provided on the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (13); The locking member (14) is located above the locking portion (142) and is also provided with a convex edge (143) for mounting a third elastic member (8); one end of the third elastic member (8) abuts against the convex edge (143) and the other end abuts against the mounting portion (44), so that the locking member (14) always has a tendency to extend downward into the first groove (122) and the second groove (132).

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