An anti-fault displacement structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault

Abstract

An anti-fault displacement structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, which relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, includes an outer support and an inner support arranged along the radial direction of the tunnel. The outer support and the inner support are connected by a connecting component. The connecting component includes a first anchor rod and a hydraulic jack. One end of the first anchor rod is fixedly connected to the inner support, and the other end passes through the outer support and extends into the surrounding rock outside. The two ends of the hydraulic jack are respectively fixedly connected to the outer support and the inner support. The first anchor rod and the hydraulic jack are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the inner support. This anti-fault displacement structure for the tunnel crossing an active fault has a good ability to resist the creep displacement failure of the fault and can effectively avoid the damage caused by the creep of the fault to the overall tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and more particularly, to an anti-fault-displacement structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault. Background Art

[0002] China is located between the Eurasian Plate, the Indian Ocean Plate and the Circum-Pacific Plate. Affected by plate movements, active faults of various scales are widely distributed. With the rapid development of economy and technology, China has vigorously built tunnels. When encountering active fault sections, avoidance is mainly adopted. However, restricted by route selection, a large number of tunnels still inevitably have to cross active faults. There are two basic active modes of active faults: creep-slip type and stick-slip type. Compared with the stick-slip type, the creep-slip type does not directly generate earthquakes, but the permanent displacement caused by its continuous sliding is difficult to resist. As the dislocation distance gradually increases, cracks occur in the tunnel lining and continue to expand, and finally shear failure occurs, causing large-area damage to the tunnel, damaging the tunnel structure and being difficult to repair, endangering traffic safety and people's lives. How to effectively prevent and control the harm of fault creep to tunnels is one of the difficult problems that need to be solved urgently.

[0003] For tunnel projects crossing creep-displacement faults, at present, it is more common to set shear joints to guide the tunnel failure position and avoid concentrated damage, such as the Claremont Water Conveyance Tunnel in the United States, the Bolu Tunnel in Turkey, etc. In addition, means such as local reinforcement and setting shock-absorbing layers are also adopted to enhance the tunnel's ability to resist deformation and vibration. However, it is difficult to ensure the smoothness of the track operation in the tunnel during long-term continuous fault creep, and it is also difficult to have excellent anti-fault-displacement effects when encountering sudden dislocations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-fault-displacement structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, which has good ability to resist the damage caused by fault creep dislocation and can effectively avoid the damage to the whole tunnel caused by fault creep.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide an anti-fault-displacement structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, including an outer support and an inner support arranged along the radial direction of the tunnel. The outer support and the inner support are connected by a connection component. The connection component includes a first anchor bolt and a hydraulic jack. One end of the first anchor bolt is fixedly connected to the inner support, and the other end extends through the outer support and reaches the external surrounding rock. Both ends of the hydraulic jack are fixedly connected to the outer support and the inner support respectively. The first anchor bolt and the hydraulic jack are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the inner support. This anti-fault-displacement structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault has good ability to resist the damage caused by fault creep dislocation and can effectively avoid the damage to the whole tunnel caused by fault creep.

[0007] Optionally, the first anchor rod is located on the side that is subjected to tensile force when the inner support moves relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of an active fault, and the hydraulic jack is located on the side that is subjected to compressive force when the inner support moves relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of an active fault.

[0008] Optionally, the number of the first anchor rods is multiple, and the number of the hydraulic jacks is at least one.

[0009] Optionally, the connecting assembly further includes a support platform, which is located on the side that is subjected to compressive force when the inner support moves relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of gravity, and the support platform extends along the movement track of the inner support relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of an active fault and gravity.

[0010] Optionally, the support platform is made by casting concrete.

[0011] Optionally, the first anchor rod includes a negative Poisson's ratio anchor rod.

[0012] Optionally, the outer support includes an initial support and a plurality of second anchor rods arranged radially along the tunnel radius. The initial support is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel, and one end of each second anchor rod is fixed to the initial support and the other end extends towards the external surrounding rock.

[0013] Optionally, the extending direction of the second anchor rod is perpendicular to the initial support.

[0014] Optionally, the inner support includes a first pipe arranged along the tunnel axis and a second pipe sleeved outside the first pipe, and concrete is filled between the first pipe and the second pipe.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of maintenance channels are arranged along the tunnel axis in the inner support, and the maintenance channels sequentially penetrate through the first pipe, the concrete, and the second pipe along the tunnel radius.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0017] The anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel includes an outer support and an inner support arranged radially along the tunnel. Since the outer support and the inner support are two independent and spaced-apart parts, when the active fault moves, the outer support and the inner support within the fault movement area will produce a certain degree of relative displacement along the fault movement direction. Among them, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel is connected by a connecting component between the outer support and the inner support. The connecting component includes a first anchor rod and a hydraulic jack. One end of the first anchor rod is fixedly connected to the inner support, and the other end passes through the outer support and extends into the external surrounding rock. The two ends of the hydraulic jack are respectively fixedly connected to the outer support and the inner support. The first anchor rod and the hydraulic jack are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the inner support to jointly play a role of suspending and fixing the whole tunnel through the cooperation of the first anchor rod and the hydraulic jack. In the case of fault creep, the first anchor rod and the hydraulic jack can automatically adjust the stress and displacement according to the displacement of the surrounding rock and the in-situ stress, so as to achieve an adaptive effect between the whole tunnel and the external surrounding rock, and further ensure that the inner support is hardly damaged and the traffic in the tunnel is not affected. The tunnel project only needs to be regularly inspected. The anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel has a good ability to resist the damage caused by fault creep dislocation, and can effectively avoid the damage caused by fault creep to the whole tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6It is the sixth structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the seventh structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is the eighth structural schematic diagram of the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Icon: 10 - Outer support; 11 - Initial support; 12 - Second anchor bolt; 20 - Connection component; 21 - First anchor bolt; 22 - Hydraulic jack; 23 - Support platform; 30 - Inner support; 31 - First pipeline; 32 - Second pipeline; 33 - Concrete; 40 - Maintenance passage; 200 - Surrounding rock; a - Initial position of the tunnel; b - Position after the tunnel dislocates relative to the surrounding rock. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging vertically, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected", and "joined" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the connection inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment provides an anti-breaking and dislocation structure for a cross-active fault tunnel, which includes an outer support 10 and an inner support 30 arranged along the radial direction of the tunnel. The outer support 10 and the inner support 30 are connected by a connection component 20. The connection component 20 includes a first anchor rod 21 and a hydraulic jack 22. One end of the first anchor rod 21 is fixedly connected to the inner support 30, and the other end passes through the outer support 10 and extends towards the external surrounding rock 200. Both ends of the hydraulic jack 22 are fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 respectively. The first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the inner support 30. This anti-breaking and dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel has good ability to resist the creep and dislocation failure of the fault, and can effectively avoid the damage caused by the creep of the fault to the whole tunnel.

[0035] It should be noted that, first, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, this anti-breaking and dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel includes an outer support 10 and an inner support 30, and the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 are arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel. Among them, for the specific structures and construction methods of the above-mentioned outer support 10 and inner support 30, those skilled in the art should be able to make reasonable selections and designs according to the specific structures and construction methods of the outer support 10 and inner support 30 in the tunnel lining structure in the prior art, and no specific limitations are made here. In addition, the surrounding rock 200 in the figure is only for facilitating the understanding of the tunnel lining structure and is not included in the tunnel lining structure.

[0036] Second, the above-mentioned outer support 10 and inner support 30 are two independent and spaced-apart parts. In other words, there is a cavity between the outer support 10 and the inner support 30. Therefore, when the active fault moves, the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 within the fault movement area will have a certain degree of relative displacement along the fault movement direction. At this time, the cavity can reserve a moving space for the relative displacement between the overall tunnel and the external surrounding rock 200 in the case of fault creep displacement, so as to ensure that regardless of how the external surrounding rock 200 moves slowly, the position, force, and shape of the overall tunnel can basically remain unchanged, reducing the influence on the overall tunnel.

[0037] Third, the anti-fault dislocation structure of this cross-active fault tunnel is connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 respectively through the connecting component 20, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown. The connecting component 20 includes a first anchor rod 21 and a hydraulic jack 22. One end of the first anchor rod 21 is fixedly connected to the inner support 30, and the other end passes through the outer support 10 and extends towards the external surrounding rock 200. Both ends of the hydraulic jack 22 are fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 respectively. The first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the inner support 30 to jointly play a role in suspending and fixing the overall tunnel through the cooperation of the first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22.

[0038] During the actual construction process, those skilled in the art should be able to judge whether the first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 are in the tensile state or the compressive state according to the fault creep direction. If the first anchor rod 21 is in the tensile state and the hydraulic jack 22 is in the compressive state, then an anchor rod with strong tensile capacity is selected. If the first anchor rod 21 is in the compressive state and the hydraulic jack 22 is in the tensile state, then a yielding anchor rod is selected. And since the hydraulic jack 22 can bear both pressure and tension, there is no specific limitation on the type selection here.

[0039] In addition, the basic parameters such as the rod body strength and the spacing of the first anchor rod 21 are selected according to the relationship between the stress of the surrounding rock 200 and the deformation of the surrounding rock 200. In the case of fault creep, the first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 can automatically adjust the stress and displacement according to the displacement of the surrounding rock 200 and the in-situ stress, so as to achieve an adaptive effect between the overall tunnel and the external surrounding rock 200, and further ensure that the inner support 30 is hardly damaged and the traffic in the tunnel is not affected. The tunnel project only needs to be regularly inspected.

[0040] It should be noted that, compared with the tunnel lining structure in other areas, the tunnel lining structure in the fault dislocation area needs to reduce the influence of the hanging wall and footwall dislocation and ground vibration on the cross-active fault tunnel through the above-mentioned support structure. However, this does not mean that the tunnel lining structure in other areas cannot use the above-mentioned method for construction operations. That is, as long as it does not affect the tunnel lining structure, the tunnel lining structure in other areas can also use the above-mentioned support structure to connect the outer support 10 and the inner support 30.

[0041] In addition, along the radial direction of the tunnel, the radius of the cavity can be reasonably selected and designed according to the fault creep direction, rate, and design maintenance period, and no specific restrictions are made here; along the axial direction of the tunnel, the radius of the cavity can be determined in segments according to the displacement mode of the active fault. That is, the rock mass is divided into zones according to the displacement mode of the active fault, including a small displacement zone, a medium displacement zone, and a large displacement zone, and then the radius of the enlarged cavity is determined in segments. By adopting the progressive excavation method, the economic cost can be controlled.

[0042] As described above, the anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel includes an outer support 10 and an inner support 30 arranged along the radial direction of the tunnel. Since the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 are two independent and spaced parts, when the active fault dislocates, a certain degree of relative displacement will occur between the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 in the fault dislocation area along the fault dislocation direction. Among them, the shock-absorbing structure of the cross-active fault tunnel is connected by a connecting component 20 between the outer support 10 and the inner support 30. The connecting component 20 includes a first anchor bolt 21 and a hydraulic jack 22. One end of the first anchor bolt 21 is fixedly connected to the inner support 30, and the other end passes through the outer support 10 and extends into the external surrounding rock 200. The two ends of the hydraulic jack 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer support 10 and the inner support 30. The first anchor bolt 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the inner support 30 to jointly play a role in suspending and fixing the whole tunnel through the cooperation of the first anchor bolt 21 and the hydraulic jack 22. In the case of fault creep, the first anchor bolt 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 can automatically adjust the stress and displacement according to the displacement of the surrounding rock 200 and the ground stress, so as to achieve an adaptive effect between the whole tunnel and the external surrounding rock 200, thereby ensuring that the inner support 30 is hardly damaged and the traffic in the tunnel is not affected. The tunnel project only needs to be regularly maintained. The anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel has good ability to resist the damage caused by fault creep dislocation and can effectively avoid the damage to the whole tunnel caused by fault creep.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first bolt 21 is located on the side that is subjected to tension when the inner support 30 moves relative to the external surrounding rock 200 under the action of an active fault, and the hydraulic jack 22 is located on the side that is subjected to pressure when the inner support 30 moves relative to the external surrounding rock 200 under the action of an active fault. At this time, the first bolt 21 can be a bolt with strong tensile capacity. For example, the first bolt 21 can be a negative Poisson's ratio bolt, and the hydraulic jack 22 can be a yielding jack.

[0044] It should be noted that when a negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) bolt is subjected to uniaxial tension, it will expand laterally. When the external load exceeds the designed constant resistance, the constant resistance body will generate frictional slip along the inner wall (thread-like) of the constant resistance sleeve to resist the breaking effect on the bolt caused by the large deformation of the surrounding rock 200. Therefore, compared with general bolts, the negative Poisson's ratio bolt has more excellent performance in terms of anti-shear, anti-impact, and energy absorption.

[0045] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, optionally, the number of the first bolts 21 is multiple, and the number of the hydraulic jacks 22 is at least one. Regarding the number of the first bolts 21 and the hydraulic jacks 22, those skilled in the art should be able to make reasonable selection and design according to the actual situation, and no specific limitation is made here, as long as the overall tunnel and the external surrounding rock 200 can achieve an adaptive effect under the combined action of the first bolts 21 and the hydraulic jacks 22.

[0046] Please also refer to Figures 4 to 6 , in this embodiment, the connection assembly 20 further includes a support platform 23. The support platform 23 is located on the side that is subjected to pressure when the inner support 30 moves relative to the external surrounding rock 200 under the action of gravity, and the support platform 23 extends along the movement trajectory of the inner support 30 relative to the external surrounding rock 200 under the action of an active fault and gravity. Among them, the support platform 23 is made by pouring concrete 33.

[0047] It should be noted that those skilled in the art should be able to determine the direction of fault creep according to the monitoring results and other means. At the same time, the movement trajectory of the inner support 30 relative to the external surrounding rock 200 can also be roughly determined. Specifically, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, along the radial direction of the tunnel, each tunnel cross-section can geometrically determine a specific slip surface according to the initial position a of the tunnel and the position b after the tunnel is displaced relative to the surrounding rock 200. Connecting the slip surfaces on all tunnel cross-sections is the movement trajectory of the inner support 30 relative to the external surrounding rock 200. As Figure 4 shown, based on this, the support platform 23 can be made by pouring concrete 33, so that the support platform 23 can bear the total weight of the inner support 30 and its internal facilities and vehicles, etc.

[0048] During the actual construction process, construction workers can first complete the outer support 10, then directly pour the concrete 33 at the preset position of the outer support 10 to form the support platform 23. After the pouring is completed, the inner support 30 is assembled, and then the outer support 10 and the inner support 30 are respectively connected along the direction parallel to the reference plane through the first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22. Among them, the first anchor rod 21 and the hydraulic jack 22 are arranged along the direction parallel to the reference plane to minimize the shear stress as much as possible.

[0049] Please also refer to Figure 7 , in this embodiment, the outer support 10 includes the primary support 11 and a plurality of second anchor rods 12 arranged radially along the tunnel radius. The primary support 11 is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel, and one end of the second anchor rod 12 is fixed to the primary support 11 and the other end extends towards the external surrounding rock 200.

[0050] It should be noted that the outer support 10 includes the primary support 11 and a plurality of anchor rods. The plurality of anchor rods are arranged along the tunnel radius and are radially arranged. The primary support 11 is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel. Generally, the fault surrounding rock 200 is relatively broken. After excavation, the concrete 33 can be sprayed first as the primary support 11. One end of the anchor rod is fixed to the primary support 11 and the other end extends towards the external surrounding rock 200 to increase the strength of the surrounding rock 200 through the cooperation of the primary support 11 and the anchor rod. When the fault is not violently active, the surrounding rock 200 is allowed to deform to a certain extent to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock 200.

[0051] Of course, in other embodiments, the outer support 10 can also adopt other support measures, such as grouting anchor rod support, combined support of steel arch and sprayed concrete 33, etc. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable judgments and selections based on the integrity of the on-site surrounding rock 200 and the construction conditions, so that the outer surrounding rock 200 of the tunnel will not collapse extensively during fault creep or minor earthquakes.

[0052] Among them, as Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, the extending direction of the anchor rod is perpendicular to the primary support 11. During the actual construction process, construction workers can first measure and lay out the actual position of the anchor rod, then drill holes in the primary support 11, and then drive the anchor rod into the external surrounding rock 200 along the direction perpendicular to the primary support 11 (or the excavation contour line of the tunnel), and then grout and seal the hole.

[0053] Please also refer to Figure 8 , in this embodiment, the inner support 30 includes a first pipe 31 arranged along the tunnel axis and a second pipe 32 sleeved outside the first pipe 31. Concrete 33 is filled between the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32.

[0054] It should be noted that, first, the inner support 30 includes a first pipe 31 and a second pipe 32. Both the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel. Among them, the inner wall surface of the first pipe 31 is arranged along the tunnel clearance. In other words, the inside of the first pipe 31 is the inside of the tunnel. The second pipe 32 is sleeved outside the first pipe 31, and concrete 33 is filled between the outer wall surface of the first pipe 31 and the inner wall surface of the second pipe 32, so that the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 jointly form a stable and strong integral closed structure through the concrete 33, thereby improving the overall compressive capacity, flexural capacity, seismic resistance and impermeability of the tunnel, and further improving the bearing capacity of the tunnel as a whole when small-scale collapses occur in the external surrounding rock 200.

[0055] Second, in order to further enhance the firmness of the inner support 30, in this embodiment, the materials of both the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 are steel, so that the first pipe 31, the concrete 33 and the second pipe 32 can form an inner support 30 with very high strength to ensure the integrity of the tunnel structure in the case of fault creep displacement.

[0056] As Figure 8 shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of maintenance channels 40 are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel for the inner support 30. The maintenance channels 40 sequentially penetrate through the first pipe 31, the concrete 33 and the second pipe 32 along the radial direction of the tunnel, so as to facilitate the regular inspection and maintenance of the tunnel structure by reserving the maintenance channels 40.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-disruption and faulting structure for a tunnel crossing an active fault, characterized in that It includes an outer support and an inner support arranged radially along the tunnel. The outer support and the inner support are connected by a connecting component. The connecting component includes a first anchor rod and a hydraulic jack. One end of the first anchor rod is fixedly connected to the inner support, and the other end passes through the outer support and extends towards the external surrounding rock. The two ends of the hydraulic jack are respectively fixedly connected to the outer support and the inner support. The first anchor rod and the hydraulic jack are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the inner support. Radially along the tunnel, for each tunnel cross-section, a sliding surface can be geometrically determined according to the initial position of the tunnel and the position after the tunnel is displaced relative to the external surrounding rock. The sliding surfaces on all tunnel cross-sections are connected to form the movement trajectory of the inner support relative to the external surrounding rock. The connecting component further includes a support platform. The support platform is located on the side where the inner support is subjected to pressure during the movement relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of gravity. The support platform extends along the movement trajectory of the inner support relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of the active fault and gravity. The first anchor rod is located on the side where the inner support is subjected to tension during the movement relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of the active fault. The hydraulic jack is located on the side where the inner support is subjected to pressure during the movement relative to the external surrounding rock under the action of the active fault. The first anchor rod includes a negative Poisson's ratio anchor rod, and the hydraulic jack is a yielding jack. The first anchor rod and the hydraulic jack are arranged along the direction parallel to the reference plane.

2. The anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first anchor rods is multiple, and the number of the hydraulic jacks is at least one.

3. The anti-disruption and faulting structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, wherein, The support platform is made by casting concrete.

4. The anti-fault displacement structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer support includes an initial support and a plurality of second anchor rods arranged radially along the tunnel. The initial support is arranged along the excavation contour line of the tunnel. One end of the second anchor rod is fixed to the initial support, and the other end extends towards the external surrounding rock.

5. The anti-breaking and faulting structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extending direction of the second anchor rod is perpendicular to the initial support.

6. The anti-fault dislocation structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner support includes a first pipe arranged along the tunnel axis and a second pipe sleeved outside the first pipe. Concrete is filled between the first pipe and the second pipe.

7. The anti-fault displacement structure of the cross-active fault tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of maintenance channels are arranged along the tunnel axis in the inner support. The maintenance channels sequentially penetrate the first pipe, the concrete, and the second pipe along the tunnel radius.

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