A pneumatic four-jaw chuck and working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pneumatic four-jaw chuck, comprising a fixed seat, a cylinder body rotatably arranged on the fixed seat, inner and outer piston rods arranged inside and outside the cylinder body, one end of the inner and outer piston rods both extend out of the right part of the cylinder body, a disk body located on the right side of the inner and outer piston rods is provided on the cylinder body, a pair of oppositely arranged transverse clamping claws and a pair of oppositely arranged longitudinal clamping claws are slidably arranged on the disk body, the right end of the outer piston rod is matched with the longitudinal clamping claw through a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod is matched with the transverse clamping claw through a gear rack transmission; the pneumatic four-jaw chuck of the present invention can reliably clamp workpieces, and movement jamming will not occur during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automated clamps, and in particular to a pneumatic four-jaw chuck. Background Art

[0002] The common pneumatic four-jaw chuck on the market includes a cylinder, an L-shaped lever is arranged between the outer end of the cylinder piston rod and the claw, the cylinder drives the lever to rotate to link the claw to make radial linear motion, when the rotation angle of the lever changes, the driving force of the cylinder also changes accordingly, so the service life of the cylinder is short; when the rotation angle of the lever reaches the limit angle, it is very easy to get stuck in motion, and it is very easy to leave a permanent pit at the stuck point, from then on, the stuck phenomenon is becoming more and more common, and at this time, if you want to disassemble and repair the equipment, you can only disassemble it by force knocking, which is also very fatal to the equipment parts; the connecting end of the lever is mostly connected by ball groove contact, the ball groove contact wears greatly and the movement accuracy is not high; the pneumatic four-jaw chuck also includes a disc body, and 4 T-shaped grooves are evenly distributed on the end face of the disc body. The T-shaped grooves are used for sliding cooperation with the claws. The wall thickness of the disc body with T-shaped grooves is uneven, and the thickness difference is large, which is not suitable for heat treatment, and its complex key parts cannot be sharpened; when the sliding mating surface of the disc body is worn out, it will directly lead to the failure of the disc body. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pneumatic four-jaw chuck which can reliably clamp a workpiece without causing movement jamming during operation.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pneumatic four-jaw chuck, including a fixed seat, a cylinder body is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat, the cylinder body is provided with inner and outer piston rods arranged inner and outer, one end of the inner and outer piston rods extend out of the right part of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is provided with a disk body located on the right side of the inner and outer piston rods, and a pair of oppositely arranged transverse claws and a pair of oppositely arranged longitudinal claws are slidably arranged on the disk body, the right end of the outer piston rod is matched with the longitudinal claw by a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod is matched with the transverse claw by a gear rack transmission.

[0005] The driving torque of the claws of the pneumatic four-jaw chuck of the present invention is the same at any point in the stroke, while the driving torque of the claws of the traditional structure is different at any point in the stroke within the lever arm swing range due to the use of a lever swing structure; secondly, the gear rack structure will not get stuck at the extreme swing angle like the traditional lever structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner piston rod is sleeved with a partition located in the cylinder body, and the partition divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body into left and right cavities. The inner piston rod is sleeved with a first piston located in the left cavity, and the outer piston rod is sleeved with a second piston located in the right cavity; the inner and outer piston rods can both perform telescopic movements independently.

[0007] Furthermore, four radial grooves are evenly distributed on the circumference of the right end surface of the disk body, and the transverse claws and the longitudinal claws are slidably fitted in the radial grooves. A fifth rack is provided on the left side of the longitudinal claw, and a pair of second racks are relatively set on the outer side of the right end of the outer piston rod, and the second rack and the fifth rack are matched through a gear transmission. A fourth rack is provided on the left side of the transverse claw, and a pair of third racks are relatively set on the outer side of the right end of the inner piston rod, and the third rack and the fourth rack are matched through a gear transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, the second rack and the fifth rack, as well as the third rack and the fourth rack are all matched through a primary gear transmission, and the two gears constituting the primary gear transmission are rotatably arranged on the left side of the disk body; by changing the transmission ratio of the primary gear transmission, speed-increasing transmission or speed-down transmission can be achieved, and by changing the tooth ratio of the idler wheel, the size of the clamping force can be adjusted.

[0009] Furthermore, four rectangular grooves are evenly distributed on the circumference of the right end surface of the disk body, and the right end surface of the disk body is fixedly connected with guide plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular grooves by screws, and radial slide grooves are formed between the guide plates on both sides and the rectangular grooves, and the radial slide grooves are T-shaped; the wall thickness of the disk body of this structure is uniform, which is suitable for heat treatment and convenient for sharpening.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing plate located outside the guide plate is provided on the right end face of the disk body, and at least two threaded holes are provided on the outer face of the fixing plate at intervals, and a screw is fitted in the threaded hole, and the threaded end of the screw is attached to the outer side of the guide plate; when the sliding mating surface of the disk body is severely worn, the disk body can continue to be put into use normally by fine-tuning the spacing between the guide plates on both sides.

[0011] The slider and the slide rail are designed independently on the plate body, which makes assembly and disassembly easier and convenient for cleaning and maintenance. If you need to disassemble the claw slider component, you only need to unscrew the fixing screws on the slide rail to easily remove it. And because it is an independent design, all the relative friction parts are hardened and finely ground, with extremely high matching accuracy, making the equipment move smoother and more wear-resistant, greatly reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement of spare parts for end customers, saving the cost of later use, and facilitating the continuous operation of the equipment for a long time.

[0012] Furthermore, adjacent and mutually perpendicular fixing plates are arranged as one body.

[0013] Furthermore, the working method of the pneumatic four-jaw chuck comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1) When the outer piston rod moves, it drives the pair of longitudinal clamping jaws to make opposite linear motions. When the pair of longitudinal clamping jaws make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be clamped. When the pair of longitudinal clamping jaws make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be released.

[0015] 2) When the inner piston rod moves, it drives the pair of lateral clamping jaws to make opposite linear motions. When the pair of lateral clamping jaws make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be clamped. When the pair of lateral clamping jaws make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be released.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the right end of the outer piston rod and the longitudinal claw are matched through a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod and the transverse claw are matched through a gear rack transmission. The gear rack transmission is reliable, with little wear and tear, and there will be no movement jamming phenomenon. During operation, the inner and outer piston rods drive the claws to move with a constant driving force, so the service life of the cylinder is longer; the pneumatic four-jaw chuck of the present invention can reliably clamp the workpiece, and there will be no movement jamming phenomenon during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to clearly illustrate the innovative principle of the invention and its technical advantages over existing chucks, possible embodiments are described below by non-limiting examples of the application of said principle with the aid of the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pneumatic four-jaw chuck provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view at AA;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view at BB;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Right view of;

[0022] Figure 5 is a stereoscopic view of the inner and outer piston rods;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Exploded diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0025] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-6 A pneumatic four-jaw chuck comprises a fixed seat 1, on which a cylinder body 2 is rotatably arranged, and inside the cylinder body 2 are inner and outer piston rods 4 and 5 which are arranged inside and outside, and one end of the inner and outer piston rods 4 and 5 extends out of the right part of the cylinder body 2, and the cylinder body 2 is provided with a disk body 6 located on the right side of the inner and outer piston rods 4 and 5, and a pair of oppositely arranged transverse claws X1 and a pair of oppositely arranged longitudinal claws Y1 are slidably arranged on the disk body 6, the right end of the outer piston rod 5 is matched with the longitudinal claw Y1 through a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod 4 is matched with the transverse claw X1 through a gear rack transmission.

[0031] The inner piston rod 4 is sleeved with a partition plate 15 located in the cylinder body 2, and the partition plate 15 divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body 2 into left and right cavities 16 and 17. The inner piston rod 4 is sleeved with a first piston 18 located in the left cavity 16, and the outer piston rod 5 is sleeved with a second piston 19 located in the right cavity 17.

[0032] The right end surface of the disk body 6 is provided with four radial grooves 20 evenly distributed on the circumference, the transverse claw X1 and the longitudinal claw Y1 are both slidably fitted in the radial grooves 20, a fifth rack Y3 is provided on the left side of the longitudinal claw Y1, a pair of second racks Y2 are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the right end of the outer piston rod 5, the second rack Y2 and the fifth rack Y3 are matched through gear transmission, a fourth rack X3 is provided on the left side of the transverse claw X1, a pair of third racks X2 are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the right end of the inner piston rod 4, the third rack X2 and the fourth rack X3 are matched through gear transmission.

[0033] Preferably, the second rack Y2 and the fifth rack Y3, as well as the third rack X2 and the fourth rack X3 are coordinated through a primary gear transmission, and the two gears constituting the primary gear transmission are rotatably arranged on the left side of the disk body 6; the second rack Y2 and the fifth rack Y3, as well as the third rack X2 and the fourth rack X3 can also be coordinated through a single gear transmission, or a multi-stage gear transmission.

[0034] The right end surface of the disk body 6 is provided with four rectangular grooves 21 evenly distributed around the circumference. The right end surface of the disk body 6 is fixed with guide plates 22 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular grooves 21 by screws. The radial grooves 20 are formed between the guide plates 22 on both sides and the rectangular grooves 21. The radial grooves 20 are T-shaped.

[0035] A fixing plate 23 located outside the guide plate 22 is provided on the right end surface of the disk body 6 , and two threaded holes are spaced apart on the outer surface of the fixing plate 23 . The inner threads of the threaded holes are matched with screws 24 , and the threaded ends of the screws 24 are attached to the outer side of the guide plate 22 .

[0036] Preferably, adjacent and mutually perpendicular fixing plates are arranged as one body.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A working method of a pneumatic four-jaw chuck according to embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:

[0039] 1) When the outer piston rod 5 moves, it drives the pair of longitudinal clamping claws Y1 to make opposite linear motions. When the pair of longitudinal clamping claws Y1 make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be clamped. When the pair of longitudinal clamping claws Y1 make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be released.

[0040] 2) When the inner piston rod 4 moves, it drives the pair of transverse clamping jaws X1 to make opposite linear motions. When the pair of transverse clamping jaws X1 make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be clamped. When the pair of transverse clamping jaws X1 make opposite linear motions, the workpiece can be released.

[0041] The right end of the outer piston rod 5 is matched with the longitudinal claw Y1 through a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod 4 is matched with the transverse claw X1 through a gear rack transmission. The gear rack transmission is reliable, with little wear and tear, and there will be no movement jamming. During operation, the inner and outer piston rods 4 and 5 drive the claws to move with a constant driving force, so the service life of the cylinder is longer. The pneumatic four-jaw chuck of the present invention can reliably clamp workpieces, and there will be no movement jamming during operation.

[0042] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic four-jaw chuck, comprising a fixed seat (1), characterized in that: A cylinder body (2) is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat (1), and inner and outer piston rods (4, 5) are arranged inside the cylinder body (2), and one end of the inner and outer piston rods (4, 5) extends out of the right part of the cylinder body (2). A disk body (6) is provided on the cylinder body (2) and is located on the right side of the inner and outer piston rods (4, 5). A pair of oppositely arranged transverse claws (X1) and a pair of oppositely arranged longitudinal claws (Y1) are slidably arranged on the disk body (6), and the right end of the outer piston rod (5) and the longitudinal claw (Y1) are matched by a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod (4) and the transverse claw (X1) are matched by a gear rack transmission. The inner piston rod (4) is sleeved with a partition plate (15) located in the cylinder body (2), and the partition plate (15) divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body (2) into a left cavity and a right cavity (16, 17); the inner piston rod (4) is sleeved with a first piston (18) located in the left cavity (16), and the outer piston rod (5) is sleeved with a second piston (19) located in the right cavity (17); The right end surface of the disk body (6) is provided with four radial grooves (20) evenly distributed around the circumference, the transverse claw (X1) and the longitudinal claw (Y1) are both slidably fitted in the radial grooves (20), a fifth rack (Y3) is provided on the left side of the longitudinal claw (Y1), a pair of second racks (Y2) arranged oppositely are provided on the outer side of the right end of the outer piston rod (5), the second rack (Y2) and the fifth rack (Y3) are matched through gear transmission, a fourth rack (X3) is provided on the left side of the transverse claw (X1), a pair of third racks (X2) arranged oppositely are provided on the outer side of the right end of the inner piston rod (4), the third rack (X2) and the fourth rack (X3) are matched through gear transmission.

2. The pneumatic four-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second rack (Y2) and the fifth rack (Y3), as well as the third rack (X2) and the fourth rack (X3), are all matched through a primary gear transmission, and the two gears constituting the primary gear transmission are both rotatably arranged on the left side of the disk body (6).

3. The pneumatic four-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four rectangular grooves (21) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the right end surface of the disk body (6). Guide plates (22) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular grooves (21) are fixedly connected to the right end surface of the disk body (6) by screws. The radial slide grooves (20) are formed between the guide plates (22) on both sides and the rectangular grooves (21). The radial slide grooves (20) are T-shaped.

4. The pneumatic four-jaw chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing plate (23) is provided on the right end surface of the disk body (6) and is located outside the guide plate (22). At least two threaded holes are provided on the outer surface of the fixing plate (23) at intervals. The inner threads of the threaded holes are engaged with screws (24). The threaded ends of the screws (24) are attached to the outer side of the guide plate (22).

5. A working method of a pneumatic four-jaw chuck, characterized in that: The pneumatic four-jaw chuck comprises a fixed seat (1), characterized in that: a cylinder body (2) is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat (1), inner and outer piston rods (4, 5) are arranged inside the cylinder body (2), one end of the inner and outer piston rods (4, 5) both extend out of the right part of the cylinder body (2), a disc body (6) is arranged on the cylinder body (2) and is located on the right side of the inner and outer piston rods (4, 5), a pair of oppositely arranged transverse clamping claws (X1) and a pair of oppositely arranged longitudinal clamping claws (Y1) are slidably arranged on the disc body (6), the right end of the outer piston rod (5) and the longitudinal clamping claw (Y1) are matched by a gear rack transmission, and the right end of the inner piston rod (4) and the transverse clamping claw (X1) are matched by a gear rack transmission; The working method comprises the following steps: 1) When the outer piston rod (5) moves, it drives the pair of longitudinal clamping claws (Y1) to move in opposite directions. When the pair of longitudinal clamping claws (Y1) move in opposite directions, the workpiece can be clamped. When the pair of longitudinal clamping claws (Y1) move in opposite directions, the workpiece can be released. 2) When the inner piston rod (4) moves, it drives the pair of transverse clamping jaws (X1) to move linearly in opposite directions. When the pair of transverse clamping jaws (X1) move linearly in opposite directions, the workpiece can be clamped. When the pair of transverse clamping jaws (X1) move linearly in opposite directions, the workpiece can be released.

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