Medical waste microwave sterilization equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical waste disposal, and discloses a medical waste microwave sterilization device; comprising a feed crushing system, a feed sterilization system and a gas treatment system arranged in sequence; the feed crushing system comprises a crusher for crushing medical waste and a sprayer for spraying water to wet the medical waste fragments, and the sprayer is arranged at the outlet end of the crusher; the feed sterilization system is used to perform microwave sterilization on the medical waste fragments; the device also comprises an exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system, and the exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system comprises a heat exchange device, and the exhaust gas outlet of the feed sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the heat release pipe of the heat exchange device, and the heat absorption pipe of the heat exchange device is connected to the sprayer. The medical waste microwave sterilization device provided by the present invention can efficiently crush and effectively sterilize, reduce costs, solve the hidden dangers of high-temperature treatment, and reduce energy consumption by utilizing the exhaust gas waste heat through the exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical waste disposal, in particular to a medical waste microwave sterilization device. Background Art

[0002] Medical waste contains a large number of bacteria, viruses and chemicals, which are highly contagious, biologically toxic and corrosive. They are important risk factors that cause disease transmission or related public health problems, and are listed as the primary hazardous waste in the 47 categories of hazardous wastes in the "National List of Hazardous Wastes (2016 Edition)". Medical waste has the characteristics of high contagiousness and high risk, such as space pollution, acute infection and latent infection. The harm of its viruses and bacteria is dozens or even hundreds of times that of urban domestic waste. It is a special waste with wide impact and great harm. Improper disposal can easily cause cross infection and air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution, which seriously threatens human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, medical waste is strictly regulated by multiple laws in any country and must be treated by disinfection and destruction. Standardization and harmless treatment of medical waste have become the focus and support for the treatment of current medical waste.

[0003] There are many methods for medical waste treatment at present, such as non-incineration methods such as high-temperature steam treatment, chemical treatment, microwave treatment, as well as incineration, high-fraction decomposition, drying and sterilization. Among them, the high-temperature steam treatment method cannot reduce the volume and amount of waste, and will cause weight gain due to the condensation of steam, which is costly; the incineration method is prone to secondary pollution when some waste is incinerated (such as plastic incineration will produce highly toxic carcinogens such as dioxins), and further treatment requires the installation of tail gas treatment facilities, which increases costs; the high-temperature pyrolysis method will produce a certain amount of tar during the high-temperature pyrolysis process, which is easy to block the pipeline of the pyrolysis furnace, increasing the difficulty of cleaning the pipeline; the magnetization cracking method has high difficulty in processing facilities, complex equipment, and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention provides a medical waste microwave sterilization device to solve the problems of existing medical waste treatment methods such as easy to cause secondary pollution, high treatment cost, tar generated during the treatment process, etc. that are easy to damage the equipment, and the equipment is difficult and costly to maintain.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a medical waste microwave sterilization device, comprising a feed crushing system, a feed sterilization system and a gas treatment system which are arranged in sequence; the feed crushing system comprises a crusher for crushing medical waste and a sprayer for spraying water on medical waste fragments, the sprayer being arranged at the outlet end of the crusher; the feed sterilization system is used for performing microwave sterilization on the medical waste fragments;

[0006] The equipment also includes a tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system, which includes a sleeve-type falling film evaporator and a liquid storage tank. The sleeve-type falling film evaporator is located above the liquid storage tank. The sleeve-type falling film evaporator includes an inner tube and an outer tube. The tail gas outlet of the feed sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube, and the bottom water outlet of the outer tube is connected to the sprayer through the top water inlet of the liquid storage tank.

[0007] Among them, the exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system also includes a circulating water pump, a circulating water outlet is provided below the liquid storage tank, the water inlet end of the circulating water pump is connected to the circulating water outlet, and the water outlet end of the circulating water pump is connected to the top water inlet of the outer tube.

[0008] The bottom air inlet of the inner tube is connected to the tail gas outlet of the material delivery sterilization system, and the top air outlet of the inner tube is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system; the top air outlet of the inner tube is provided with a filter mesh layer;

[0009] The inner tube is provided with a tube axis and liquid blocking plates arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction of the tube axis. The bottom of the inner tube is provided with a condensed water outlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected to the condensed water inlet at the top of the liquid storage tank.

[0010] Among them, the gas treatment system includes a gas purification device and an induced draft fan, the air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust port of the gas purification device, and the exhaust gas outlet of the material conveying sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas purification device through the inner tube; the air inlet of the gas purification device is also connected to the crushing bin of the crusher, so as to provide a negative pressure environment to the crushing bin.

[0011] The crusher further comprises a discharge bin arranged below the crushing bin, a plurality of the sprayers are arranged above the discharge bin, and a stirring device is also arranged in the discharge bin; the discharge port of the discharge bin is connected to the feed port of the feeding sterilization system;

[0012] The feed crushing system also includes a floor scale, a material bucket and an elevator, wherein the floor scale is used to weigh the medical waste to be processed, and the elevator is used to lift the medical waste in the material bucket and pour it into the crushing bin;

[0013] A hydraulic cover is arranged on the top of the crushing bin.

[0014] Among them, the gas purification device includes a box body and a UV photocatalytic deodorizing sterilizer, a medium-efficiency air filter, a high-efficiency air filter and a multi-layer activated carbon adsorber installed in the box body in sequence along the gas flow direction. The air inlet of the gas purification device is also provided with a flow equalizer.

[0015] The feeding and sterilizing system comprises a microwave sterilizer and a screw conveyor arranged in the microwave sterilizer, the feed port of the screw conveyor is connected to the outlet end of the crusher, and the exhaust port of the screw conveyor is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube;

[0016] The screw conveyor comprises a tube shell and a screw blade arranged in the tube shell, wherein the screw blade drives the medical waste fragments to move axially along the tube shell and generates radial tumbling at the same time by rotating, and the tube shell is arranged obliquely upward along the conveying direction of the medical waste fragments;

[0017] The microwave sterilizer comprises an electrical box and a plurality of microwave generators arranged in the electrical box, wherein the plurality of microwave generators are arranged outside the tube shell; a microwave suppressor is arranged on the wall surface of the electrical box, and a heat dissipation port is also arranged on the top wall and the side wall of the electrical box.

[0018] Wherein, the tube shell is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material or glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material, and the propeller blades are made of polytetrafluoroethylene material;

[0019] The gap between the microwave generator and the tube shell is 2mm-3mm, and the microwave generator is arranged on the left side and / or the right side and / or the upper side of the tube shell.

[0020] The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: the medical waste to be processed is crushed by a crusher to reduce its shape and volume; the medical waste fragments are sprayed and moistened by a sprayer and then enter the feeding sterilization system; the feeding crushing system provides the medical waste fragments to be processed with suitable size and suitable humidity for the feeding sterilization system; the feeding sterilization system sterilizes the medical waste fragments with microwaves to inactivate the microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses in the medical waste, thereby achieving the purpose of sterilization. The medical waste fragments are simultaneously transported and microwave sterilized in the feeding sterilization system; the sterilized materials are discharged through the discharge port; the tail gas enters the gas treatment system through the inner tube of the tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system for deodorization and purification and is discharged, thereby completing the crushing and sterilization process of the medical waste. Since the tail gas discharged from the feeding sterilization system has a relatively high temperature, when passing through the inner tube, it can preheat the spray water flowing through the heat release device, increase the temperature of the spray water sprayed by the sprayer to the medical waste fragments, thereby achieving the purpose of waste heat recovery and utilization, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment. Therefore, the medical waste microwave sterilization equipment provided by the present invention adopts a microwave sterilization method, which effectively solves the problems of existing medical waste treatment methods, such as easy to cause secondary pollution, high treatment costs, tar generated during the treatment process, which is easy to damage the equipment, difficulty in equipment maintenance, and high costs. It can quickly and efficiently crush, effectively sterilize, reduce costs, and solve the hidden dangers of high-temperature treatment. It also utilizes the exhaust heat through the exhaust heat enthalpy increase system, effectively reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave sterilization device for medical waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas purification device provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a microwave generator for a material delivery sterilization system provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1. Floor scale; 2. Material barrel; 3. Hoist; 4. Positioning sensor; 5. Crusher; 6. Discharge humidity sensor; 7. Sprayer; 8. Stirring device; 9. Feed inlet of screw conveyor; 10. Spray water temperature sensor; 11. Spray water pump; 12. Spray flow regulating valve; 13. Screw conveyor; 14. Microwave sterilizer; 15. Support frame; 16. Conveying temperature sensor; 17. Conveying pressure sensor; 18. Screw conveyor 1. Exhaust port of the machine; 2. Exhaust filter; 3. Discharge port of the screw conveyor; 4. Baffle; 5. Induced draft fan; 6. Gas purification device; 7. One-way check valve; 8. Tube-type falling film evaporator; 9. Induced draft solenoid valve; 10. Induced draft filter; 11. Microwave generator; 12. Heat dissipation port; 13. Electrical box; 1404. Microwave suppressor; 1405. Tube shell; 15. UV photocatalytic deodorizing sterilizer ; 2302, flow equalizer; 2303, medium-efficiency air filter; 2304, high-efficiency air filter; 2305, multi-layer activated carbon adsorber; 2306, box; 2501, outer tube; 2502, inner tube; 2503, liquid retaining plate; 2504, pipe axis; 2505, cooling water outlet temperature sensor; 2506, pressure relief valve; 2507, tank pressure sensor; 2508, liquid filling port; 2509, liquid level sensor; 2510, Temperature sensor inside the tank; 2511, spray water filter; 2512, liquid storage tank; 2513, insulation layer; 2514, sewage outlet; 2515, circulating water filter; 2516, circulating flow regulating valve; 2517, circulating water pump; 2518, condensation solenoid valve; 2519, bottom air inlet temperature sensor; 2521, cooling water inlet temperature sensor; 2522, exhaust gas humidity sensor; 2523, top air outlet temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “plurality”, “multiple roots”, and “multiple groups” mean two or more.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a medical waste microwave sterilization device, including a feed crushing system, a feed sterilization system and a gas treatment system arranged in sequence; the feed crushing system includes a crusher 5 for crushing medical waste and a sprayer 7 for spraying water to moisten the medical waste fragments, and the sprayer 7 is arranged at the outlet end of the crusher 5; the feed sterilization system is used to perform microwave sterilization on the medical waste fragments. The medical waste microwave sterilization device provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes an exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system, and the exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system includes a sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25, and the exhaust gas outlet of the feed sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25, and the outer tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25 is connected to the sprayer 7.

[0032] With the microwave sterilization equipment for medical waste provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the medical waste to be processed is crushed and reduced in shape by the crusher 5, and the medical waste fragments are sprayed and moistened by the sprayer 7 before entering the feeding sterilization system; the feeding crushing system provides the medical waste fragments to be processed with suitable size and suitable humidity for the feeding sterilization system, and the feeding sterilization system sterilizes the medical waste fragments with microwaves to inactivate the bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms in the medical waste, thereby achieving the purpose of sterilization. The medical waste fragments are transported and microwave sterilized in the feeding sterilization system at the same time, and the sterilized materials are discharged through the discharge port, and the tail gas enters the gas treatment system through the inner tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25 of the tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system for deodorization and purification and discharge, thereby completing the crushing and sterilization process of the medical waste. Since the exhaust gas discharged from the feeding and sterilization system has a relatively high temperature, when passing through the inner tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25, it can preheat the spray water flowing through the heat release device, thereby increasing the temperature of the spray water sprayed by the sprayer 7 to the medical waste fragments, thereby achieving the purpose of waste heat recovery and reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment.

[0033] The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a microwave sterilization method, which effectively solves the problems of existing medical waste treatment methods, such as easy to cause secondary pollution, high treatment cost, tar generated during the treatment process, etc. that are easy to damage the equipment, difficulty in equipment maintenance, and high cost. It can quickly and efficiently crush, effectively sterilize, reduce costs, and solve the hidden dangers of high-temperature treatment. It also utilizes the exhaust heat through the exhaust heat enthalpy increase system, effectively reducing the overall energy consumption of the equipment.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the exhaust waste heat enthalpy increasing system also includes a liquid storage tank 2512, the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25 is located above the liquid storage tank 2512, and the outer tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25 is connected to the sprayer 7 through the liquid storage tank 2512; a spray outlet is arranged on the side wall of the liquid storage tank 2512 to be connected to the sprayer 7, a spray water pump 11, a spray flow regulating valve 12 and a spray water temperature sensor 10 are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the spray outlet and the sprayer 7, and a spray water filter 2511 can also be arranged at the spray water outlet. The tank body of the liquid storage tank 2512 can be provided with a heat preservation layer 2513, the bottom of the tank body can be provided with a sewage outlet 2514, the top of the tank body can be provided with a liquid filling port 2508, a tank pressure sensor 2507 and a pressure relief valve 2506, and the side wall of the tank body can also be provided with a liquid level sensor 2509 and a tank temperature sensor 2510.

[0035] The shell and tube falling film evaporator 25 includes an inner tube 2502 and an outer tube 2501; the inner tube 2502 is a heat release tube, and the exhaust gas outlet of the material delivery sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube 2502; the outer tube 2501 is a heat absorption tube, and the bottom water outlet of the outer tube 2501 is connected to the top water inlet of the liquid storage tank 2512.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system also includes a circulating water pump 2517, a circulating water outlet is provided below the liquid storage tank 2512, and the water inlet end of the circulating water pump 2517 is connected to the circulating water outlet; a circulating water filter 2515 can be provided at the circulating water outlet, and a circulating flow regulating valve 2516 is provided between the water inlet end of the circulating water pump 2517 and the circulating water outlet; the water outlet end of the circulating water pump 2517 is connected to the top water inlet of the outer tube 2501.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the bottom air inlet of the inner tube 2502 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the material conveying sterilization system, and the top air outlet of the inner tube 2502 is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system; the inner tube 2502 is provided with a tube axis 2504 and a liquid blocking plate 2503 arranged in an axially staggered manner along the tube axis 2504; the bottom of the inner tube 2502 is provided with a condensate outlet, and the condensate outlet is connected to the condensate inlet at the top of the liquid storage tank 2512; the top air outlet of the inner tube 2502 is also provided with a filter mesh layer to further filter and condense the exhaust gas. The tail gas discharged from the feeding and sterilization system has a high temperature due to microwave heating, and has a high humidity due to the evaporation of the moisture of the material itself and the spray water. The inner tube 2502 will have a cooling and dehumidifying effect on the high-temperature and high-humidity tail gas. The condensed water condenses on the liquid retaining plate 2503 arranged in an axially staggered manner along the tube axis 2504, and flows into the liquid storage tank 2512 from the condensed water outlet at the bottom of the inner tube 2502 to replenish the circulating water in the liquid storage tank 2512, realize the recycling of the spray water, improve the water-saving efficiency of the equipment, and reduce the operating cost. In addition, reducing the moisture content of the tail gas also helps to improve the purification and filtration efficiency of the gas treatment system.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the high-temperature and high-humidity exhaust gas of the feeding and sterilization system flows into the inner tube 2502 of the vertically placed sleeve-type falling film evaporator. The inner and outer sides of the inner tube 2502 may be provided with a threaded structure. A liquid retaining plate 2503 is provided in the inner tube 2502, and the liquid retaining plate 2503 is provided on the tube axis 2504. The high-temperature and high-humidity exhaust gas is cooled and dehumidified in the sleeve-type falling film evaporator to become a low-temperature and low-humidity gas, and enters the gas treatment system for filtration, deodorization and purification before being discharged. The condensed water generated during the cooling and dehumidification of the high-temperature and high-humidity exhaust gas drips downward from the liquid retaining plate 2503. A condensation solenoid valve 2518 is provided on the pipeline, and the condensation solenoid valve 2518 is connected to the condensation water inlet of the liquid storage tank 2512. The condensed water enters the liquid storage tank 2512 through the pipeline and the valve. The circulating water outlet of the liquid storage tank 2512 is connected to the circulating flow regulating valve 2516, and the circulating flow regulating valve 2516 is connected to the circulating water pump 2517. The circulating water in the liquid storage tank 2512 passes through the circulating water filter 2515, the circulating water outlet, and the circulating flow regulating valve 2516, and is pumped to the top of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator by the circulating water pump 2517 and then sprayed into the outer tube 2501. The cooling water flows down along the outer wall of the inner tube 2502, and forms a reverse convection heat exchange with the high-temperature and high-humidity tail gas flowing upward from the inner tube 2502. The threaded structures on both sides of the inner tube 2502 and the reverse convection of the cold and hot fluids can enhance the heat exchange. The cooling water after absorbing heat flows into the liquid storage tank 2512, and the water in the liquid storage tank 2512 passes through the spray water filter 2511, the spray outlet, and the spray flow regulating valve 12, and is pumped to the sprayer 7 by the spray water pump 11 to spray and wet the medical waste fragments. The sprinkler 7 can be a rotating sprinkler head, and the sprinklers 7 are evenly distributed at the outlet end of the crusher 5, with a number of 3-6; the sprinkler 7 is connected to a sprinkler water pump 11, the sprinkler water pump 11 is connected to a sprinkler flow regulating valve 12, and the sprinkler flow regulating valve 12 is connected to a liquid storage tank 2512.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the gas treatment system includes a gas purification device 23 and an induced draft fan 22, the air inlet of the induced draft fan 22 is connected to the exhaust port of the gas purification device 23, the tail gas outlet of the feeding sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas purification device 23 through the inner tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25, and a one-way check valve 24 can be provided between the inner tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25 and the air inlet of the gas purification device 23 to prevent the tail gas from flowing back. The air inlet of the gas purification device 23 is also connected to the crushing bin of the crusher 5 to provide a negative pressure environment to the crushing bin; an induced draft solenoid valve 26 can be provided on the connecting pipeline between the crushing bin and the air inlet of the gas purification device 23, and an induced draft filter 27 can be provided at the connection between the connecting pipeline and the crushing bin. Through the suction effect of the induced draft fan 22, a slight negative pressure state is formed in the crushing bin, which can prevent bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms and particles in the medical waste from escaping into the environment during the feeding process, prevent secondary pollution, and effectively solve the safety hazards in the medical waste treatment process; the induced draft filter 27 can initially filter out larger particles, dust, etc.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the crusher 5 also includes a discharge bin arranged below the crushing bin, a plurality of sprayers 7 are arranged above the discharge bin, and a stirring device 8 is also provided in the discharge bin; the discharge port of the discharge bin is connected to the feed port of the feeding sterilization system; the feeding crushing system also includes a scale 1, a barrel 2 and an elevator 3, the scale 1 is used to weigh the medical waste to be processed, and the elevator 3 is used to lift the medical waste in the barrel 2 and pour it into the crushing bin. After the medical waste to be processed is weighed by the scale 1, it is lifted by the elevator 3 and poured into the crushing bin and is crushed, deformed and reduced in volume; a hydraulic cover is provided on the top of the crushing bin.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the weighbridge 1 is connected to the hoist 3, and the barrel 2 loaded with medical waste is lifted by the hoist 3 to the port of the crushing bin after being weighed on the weighbridge 1, and the hydraulic cover is opened, and the medical waste is poured into the crushing bin of the crusher 5. The exhaust port of the crushing bin is provided with an induced draft filter 27, and the exhaust port of the crushing bin is connected to the induced draft solenoid valve 26, and the induced draft solenoid valve 26 is connected to the gas purification device 23, and the gas purification device 23 is connected to the induced draft fan 22. When the hydraulic cover of the crushing bin is opened, the induced draft solenoid valve 26 and the induced draft fan 22 are started, and the induced draft fan 22 extracts the gas in the crushing bin to prevent the bacteria, viruses and particulate matter in the medical waste from escaping. The sucked gas enters the gas purification device 23 for dust removal, sterilization and virus removal, and odor adsorption and purification, and then is discharged through the induced draft fan 22; after the feeding is completed, the hydraulic cover of the crushing bin is closed, and the medical waste is crushed in the closed crushing bin. The crushed medical waste fragments fall into the unloading bin, and the sprayer 7 sprays water to the medical waste fragments in the unloading bin. The stirring device 8 can be a bladeless flexible stirrer. The bladeless flexible stirrer in the discharge bin stirs the medical waste fragments to make them more evenly wetted. The evenly wetted medical waste fragments to be processed enter the material delivery sterilization system through the discharge port of the discharge bin.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the gas purification device 23 includes a box body 2306 and a UV photocatalytic deodorizing sterilizer 2301, a medium-efficiency air filter 2303, a high-efficiency air filter 2304 and a multi-layer activated carbon adsorber 2305 which are sequentially installed in the box body 2306 along the gas flow direction to sterilize, filter and adsorb and purify the sucked gas; a flow equalizer 2302 is also provided at the air inlet of the gas purification device 23.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the feeding sterilization system includes a microwave sterilizer 14 and a screw conveyor 13 disposed in the microwave sterilizer 14, and the feed port 9 of the screw conveyor is connected to the outlet end of the crusher 5; for example, the discharge bin is connected to the feed port 9 of the screw conveyor through a flange, and the uniformly moistened medical waste fragments to be processed enter the screw conveyor 13 and move axially in the screw conveyor 13, and the microwave sterilizer 14 performs microwave sterilization on the medical waste fragments during their movement. The screw conveyor 13 includes an exhaust port and a discharge port, and the exhaust port 18 of the screw conveyor is the exhaust gas outlet of the feeding sterilization system, and the exhaust port 18 of the screw conveyor is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25. The screw conveyor 13 includes a tube shell 1405 and a propeller blade arranged in the tube shell 1405. The propeller blade drives the medical waste fragments to move axially along the tube shell 1405 by rotation, and generates radial rolling at the same time. The tube shell 1405 is inclined upward along the conveying direction of the medical waste fragments; for example, the screw conveyor 13 is installed at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the medical waste fragments move upward from the bottom. The shaft end cover is arranged at the lower end of the screw conveyor 13, and the support frame 15 is used to support the screw conveyor 13 and the microwave sterilizer 14. The support frame 15 includes at least two, and the heights are different; the axial direction of the tube shell 1405 of the screw conveyor 13 is respectively provided with a feed port, a discharge port and an exhaust port, the height of the feed port is lower than the height of the discharge port, the exhaust port is provided with an exhaust filter 19, and the discharge port is provided with a baffle 21. The motor, the reducer, and the bearing assembly are installed at the higher end of the screw conveyor 13. The medical waste sterilized by microwave becomes ordinary waste that is destroyed, reduced, harmless and safe and cannot be identified. It is transported axially by the screw conveyor 13 through the outlet 20 of the screw conveyor and discharged by opening the baffle 21 under the action of gravity. The exhaust port 18 of the screw conveyor is provided with an exhaust filter 19. During the microwave sterilization process, the high-temperature and high-humidity gas generated in the tube shell 1405 of the screw conveyor 13 enters the sleeve-type falling film evaporator 25 through the exhaust filter 19 of the exhaust port to condense and form low-temperature and low-humidity gas. The low-temperature and low-humidity gas enters the gas purification device 23, and is filtered and deodorized in the gas purification device 23 and then discharged by the induced draft fan 22.

[0044] The microwave sterilizer 14 includes an electrical box 1403 and a plurality of microwave generators 1401 arranged in the electrical box 1403, and the plurality of microwave generators 1401 are arranged on the outside of the tube shell 1405; a microwave suppressor 1404 is provided on the wall of the electrical box 1403, and a plurality of heat dissipation ports 1402 are also provided on the top wall and side walls of the electrical box 1403.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the gap between the microwave generator 1401 and the tube shell 1405 is 2mm-3mm, and the microwave generator 1401 is arranged on the left side and / or the right side and / or the upper side of the tube shell 1405. For example, the microwave generator 1401 is cross-arranged on the upper, left and right sides of the tube shell 1405 of the screw conveyor 13, so as to realize the three-way energy feeding of the microwave generator 1401, and the uniformly moistened medical waste fragments are sterilized by microwaves while axially moving and radially rolling in the screw conveyor 13, and are discharged from the discharge port 20 of the screw conveyor after sterilization; the three-way energy feeding of the microwave generator 1401 can increase the contact area and contact time between the microwave and the material to be processed, and improve the microwave sterilization efficiency; the operating frequency of the microwave generator 1401 can be 2450MHz, and the cooling method can be air cooling.

[0046] By combining crushing, wetting, spiral propulsion and microwave sterilization, medical waste is crushed in a closed environment to prevent particles from escaping to the environment during the crushing process, thereby avoiding secondary pollution. In the crushing and wetting process, the medical waste enters the discharge bin after crushing and is wetted by the sprayer 7 and stirred evenly by the bladeless flexible stirrer; in the microwave sterilization process, the evenly wetted medical waste fragments enter the screw conveyor 13 for transportation and sterilization; the crushed medical waste fragments are wetted and then microwave sterilized, which increases the contact area between the medical waste and the microwave during the microwave sterilization process. The medical waste fragments are evenly wetted to a suitable humidity, which can better absorb microwaves and improve the microwave sterilization efficiency; in addition, the wetting process of the sprayer 7 can use the same fluid of different temperatures, and can also use high-temperature steam. The sprayer 7 can also be set at the feed port 9 of the screw conveyor. The screw conveyor 13 pushes the medical waste fragments to move axially while causing the medical waste to roll radially, increasing the collision and friction of the materials, making them more evenly heated and heating faster, shortening the sterilization time, and strengthening the microwave sterilization effect. The propeller blades of the screw conveyor 13 can be shaftless propeller blades to prevent winding during material transportation, making the system operation more stable and reliable; the screw conveyor 13 can be a shaftless screw conveyor or a shafted screw conveyor. The propeller blades and the tube shell 1405 of the screw conveyor 13 can both be made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which does not absorb microwaves, can reduce microwave energy feeding loss, and improve microwave conversion efficiency; the propeller blades and the tube shell 1405 of the screw conveyor 13 can also be made of good dielectric materials such as polypropylene, quartz, and ceramics that are insulated from microwaves. For example, the tube shell 1405 is made of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material. There are no additional holes on the tube shell 1405 of the screw conveyor 13 except for the small holes required for transmission of the conveying temperature sensor 16 and the conveying pressure sensor 17, so as to avoid material accumulation blocking the channel and accumulating high temperature and spontaneous combustion; the conveying temperature sensor 16 of the screw conveyor 13 can be an optical fiber sensor that is not affected by microwave radiation, or a non-contact temperature sensor such as an infrared temperature sensor can be selected. The above-mentioned technical measures can enhance the efficiency of microwave sterilization, reduce microwave energy feeding loss and improve the safety and reliability of the treatment process. They are suitable for the destruction, reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of medical waste. They can also be used for the crushing microwave sterilization of materials such as Chinese medicinal materials, dried fruits and non-chemical hazardous waste. It has a wide range of applications, low energy consumption in the treatment process, fast sterilization speed, and a safe and environmentally friendly treatment process.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, based on the fuzzy-PID control principle and using a PLC controller and various sensors, real-time online monitoring and intelligent control of process parameters in each link during the operation of the equipment are achieved, making the equipment operation control flexible and efficient, optimizing the operating parameters, and improving the equipment operation efficiency, reliability and safety.

[0048] Among them, the floor scale 1 adopts an electronic floor scale, which is connected to the control system to display the quality of the medical waste to be processed; the elevator 3 is provided with a positioning sensor 4 for locating the position of the barrel 2, and the positioning sensor 4 is connected to the control system. The opening and closing of the hydraulic cover, the induced air solenoid valve 26 and the induced draft fan 22 of the crushing bin are controlled according to the set height of the positioning sensor 4: when the barrel 2 is lifted to the set height, the control system calculates and issues instructions to open the hydraulic cover, the induced air solenoid valve 26, the induced draft fan 22 and the UV photocatalytic deodorization sterilizer 2301. When the hydraulic cover is fully opened, the barrel 2 During material unloading, the induced draft fan 22 draws the gas in the cavity of the crushing bin to prevent bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms from escaping with the particles during the unloading process; the control system sets the unloading time and counts, and when the timing ends, the control system issues a command to close the hydraulic cover, and the control system sets the closing delay time of the induced draft solenoid valve 26, UV photolytic catalytic deodorizing sterilizer 2301 and the induced draft fan 22. After the hydraulic cover is closed, the set closing delay time of the induced draft solenoid valve 26, UV photolytic catalytic deodorizing sterilizer 2301 and the induced draft fan 22 is reached, and the induced draft solenoid valve 26, UV photolytic catalytic deodorizing sterilizer 2301 and the induced draft fan 22 are closed.

[0049] The unloading humidity sensor 6 in the unloading bin is connected to the control system to perform real-time online monitoring of the material humidity and adjust the water spraying amount of the sprinkler 7, so as to realize the regulation and control of the water spraying amount of the sprinkler 7: when the average water content of the material in the unloading bin is higher than the set value, the control system calculates and issues a command to reduce the opening of the spray flow regulating valve 12; when the average water content of the material in the unloading bin is lower than the set value, the control system calculates and issues a command to increase the opening of the spray flow regulating valve 12 to maintain the material humidity at the set level.

[0050] A conveying temperature sensor 16 and a conveying pressure sensor 17 are arranged in the screw conveyor 13 and connected to the control system to monitor and adjust the temperature and pressure in the cavity of the screw conveyor 13 in real time online, so as to realize the regulation and control of the temperature and pressure in the cavity of the screw conveyor 13: when the temperature of the screw conveyor 13 is higher than the set value, the control system calculates and issues a command to turn off the microwave generator 1401 of a certain power; when the temperature of the screw conveyor 13 is lower than the set value, the control system calculates and issues a command to turn on the microwave generator 1401 of a certain power to maintain the temperature in the screw conveyor 13 It is at a set level; when the pressure inside the screw conveyor 13 is higher than the set value, the control system calculates and issues a command to open the solenoid valve outside the exhaust port 18 of the screw conveyor, the circulating water pump 2517, the circulating flow regulating valve 2516 and the induced draft fan 22, so as to exhaust the screw conveyor 13 to the outside; when the pressure inside the screw conveyor 13 is lower than the set value, the control system calculates and issues a command to close the solenoid valve outside the exhaust port 18 of the screw conveyor, the circulating water pump 2517, the circulating flow regulating valve 2516 and the induced draft fan 22 in turn, so as to maintain the pressure inside the cavity of the screw conveyor 13 at a set level.

[0051] The top air outlet of the inner tube 2502 of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator is provided with an exhaust gas humidity sensor 2522 connected to the control system, which performs real-time online monitoring and adjustment of the humidity data at the top air outlet of the inner tube 2502 to achieve humidity control at the top air outlet of the inner tube 2502: when the humidity at the top air outlet of the inner tube 2502 is higher than the set value, the control system calculates and issues instructions to increase the opening of the circulation flow regulating valve 2516 and reduce the speed of the induced draft fan 22 to ensure that the humidity of the gas after cooling and dehumidification is at or below the set level; the cooling water inlet temperature sensor 2521 of the outer tube 2501, the cooling water outlet temperature sensor 2505, the bottom air inlet temperature sensor 2519 of the inner tube 2502, and the top air outlet temperature sensor 2523 are connected to the control system to perform real-time online monitoring of the temperature data of the sleeve-type falling film evaporator to provide temperature data for calculating the heat exchange amount.

[0052] The liquid level sensor 2509 of the liquid storage tank 2512 is connected to the control system, and the liquid capacity data in the liquid storage tank 2512 is monitored and adjusted in real time online, so as to realize the adjustment and control of the liquid capacity in the liquid storage tank 2512: when the liquid level of the liquid storage tank 2512 is lower than the set value, the control system calculates and issues instructions to remind the staff to add liquid to the liquid storage tank 2512; when the liquid level of the liquid storage tank 2512 is higher than the set value, the control system calculates and issues instructions to remind the staff to discharge the liquid in the liquid storage tank 2512 to maintain the liquid volume of the liquid storage tank 2512 at the set level. The tank pressure sensor 2507 of the liquid storage tank 2512 is connected to the control system, and the pressure data of the liquid storage tank 2512 is monitored and adjusted to realize the adjustment and control of the pressure in the liquid storage tank 2512: when the pressure of the liquid storage tank 2512 is higher than the set value, the control system calculates and issues instructions to open the pressure relief valve 2506 to release the pressure, so as to ensure that the pressure in the liquid storage tank 2512 is at the set level.

[0053] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the medical waste microwave sterilization equipment provided by the present invention utilizes a feed crushing system and a feed sterilization system to complete the destruction, volume reduction, weight reduction, harmlessness and safety treatment of medical waste, and cooperates with a gas treatment system to sterilize, deodorize and purify the gas to meet environmental emission requirements, and cooperates with a tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system to recycle the moisture in the high-temperature and high-humidity tail gas, reduce waste liquid discharge and reduce the use of water resources, so as to save resources and meet environmental emission requirements. While completing the crushing and sterilization, the tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system is used to recycle the system's waste heat resources to heat the spray water, thereby achieving system energy saving and ultimately ensuring the system's low-cost, safe, efficient and stable operation. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention effectively overcome the problems of existing medical waste disposal methods, such as easy generation of secondary pollution, high investment and operating costs, difficulty in site selection, identifiable waste after treatment, unclear volume and weight reduction of waste after treatment, and easy impact on system stability. In response to the requirements of miniaturization of medical waste treatment equipment and decentralized in-situ treatment based on non-incineration technology, a microwave sterilization equipment for medical waste with waste heat enthalpy increase of exhaust gas is provided, which can achieve high sterilization efficiency, fast speed, prevention of secondary pollution, low energy consumption, easy operation, easy maintenance, low operating cost, and destruction of shape, volume and weight reduction and harmlessness of waste after treatment. The equipment can be movable or fixed to meet environmental protection requirements.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave sterilization device for medical waste, characterized in that: It includes a feed crushing system, a feed sterilization system and a gas treatment system which are arranged in sequence; the feed crushing system includes a crusher for crushing medical waste and a sprayer for spraying water on medical waste fragments, and the sprayer is arranged at the outlet end of the crusher; the feed sterilization system is used to perform microwave sterilization on the medical waste fragments; The equipment also includes a tail gas waste heat enthalpy increase system, which includes a sleeve-type falling film evaporator and a liquid storage tank. The sleeve-type falling film evaporator is located above the liquid storage tank. The sleeve-type falling film evaporator includes an inner tube and an outer tube. The tail gas outlet of the feed sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube, and the bottom water outlet of the outer tube is connected to the sprayer through the top water inlet of the liquid storage tank. The gas treatment system includes a gas purification device and an induced draft fan, the air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust port of the gas purification device, and the exhaust gas outlet of the material conveying sterilization system is connected to the air inlet of the gas purification device through the inner tube; the air inlet of the gas purification device is also connected to the crushing bin of the crusher to provide a negative pressure environment for the crushing bin.

2. The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas waste heat enthalpy increase system also includes a circulating water pump. A circulating water outlet is provided below the liquid storage tank. The water inlet of the circulating water pump is connected to the circulating water outlet, and the water outlet of the circulating water pump is connected to the top water inlet of the outer tube.

3. The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom air inlet of the inner tube is connected to the tail gas outlet of the material delivery sterilization system, and the top air outlet of the inner tube is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system; the top air outlet of the inner tube is provided with a filter mesh layer; The inner tube is provided with a tube axis and liquid blocking plates arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction of the tube axis. The bottom of the inner tube is provided with a condensed water outlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected to the condensed water inlet at the top of the liquid storage tank.

4. The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crusher also includes a discharge bin arranged below the crushing bin, a plurality of the sprayers are arranged above the discharge bin, and a stirring device is also arranged in the discharge bin; the discharge port of the discharge bin is connected to the feed port of the feeding sterilization system; The feed crushing system also includes a floor scale, a material bucket and an elevator, wherein the floor scale is used to weigh the medical waste to be processed, and the elevator is used to lift the medical waste in the material bucket and pour it into the crushing bin; A hydraulic cover is arranged on the top of the crushing bin.

5. The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas purification device comprises a box body and a UV photocatalytic deodorizing sterilizer, a medium-efficiency air filter, a high-efficiency air filter and a multi-layer activated carbon adsorber which are sequentially installed in the box body along the gas flow direction. The air inlet of the gas purification device is also provided with a flow equalizer.

6. The medical waste microwave sterilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and sterilizing system comprises a microwave sterilizer and a screw conveyor arranged in the microwave sterilizer, the feed port of the screw conveyor is connected to the outlet end of the crusher, and the exhaust port of the screw conveyor is connected to the air inlet of the gas treatment system through the inner tube; The screw conveyor comprises a tube shell and a screw blade arranged in the tube shell, wherein the screw blade drives the medical waste fragments to move axially along the tube shell and generates radial tumbling at the same time by rotating, and the tube shell is arranged obliquely upward along the conveying direction of the medical waste fragments; The microwave sterilizer comprises an electrical box and a plurality of microwave generators arranged in the electrical box, wherein the plurality of microwave generators are arranged outside the tube shell; a microwave suppressor is arranged on the wall surface of the electrical box, and a heat dissipation port is also arranged on the top wall and the side wall of the electrical box.

7. The microwave sterilization equipment for medical waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tube shell is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material or glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material, and the propeller blades are made of polytetrafluoroethylene material; The gap between the microwave generator and the tube shell is 2mm-3mm, and the microwave generator is arranged on the left side and / or the right side and / or the upper side of the tube shell.

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