Probe calibration system for rail flaw detection vehicle and rail flaw detection vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a probe calibration system of a rail flaw detection vehicle and the rail flaw detection vehicle. The probe calibration system comprises: a probe to be calibrated, which is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to a calibration rail to detect calibration defects in the calibration rail, and is also used to receive a first reflected wave of the calibration rail, and the first reflected wave is used to reflect information of the calibration defects; a switching device, the switching device comprises a first interface and a second interface, and the second interface is used to plug and unplug the probe to be calibrated to receive the first reflected wave; an ultrasonic processing device, connected to the first interface of the switching device, is used to receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail, and amplifies the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, outputs the processed first amplified signal, and is also used to receive the setting of the first channel gain; a display device, connected to the ultrasonic processing device, is used to display the first amplified signal. The probe calibration system can reliably and quickly switch different probes to be calibrated, thereby realizing rapid calibration of different probes to be calibrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of railway trains, and in particular to a probe calibration system of a track flaw detection vehicle and the track flaw detection vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Rail flaw detection is the basis of railway transportation, and ensuring that the rails are in good operating condition is an important measure to ensure the safety of railway transportation. Large rail flaw detection vehicles with a running speed of 80 kilometers per hour are generally used in China to conduct periodic inspections of rails. The rail flaw detection vehicles are equipped with ultrasonic detection systems to detect rail flaws. The ultrasonic rail flaw detection system detects rail damage by emitting ultrasonic waves from the rail tread and based on the ultrasonic echo reflected by the rail damage. Since the probe has sensitivity errors after being used for a period of time, it is necessary to calibrate the probe through the probe calibration system, but the traditional probe calibration system cannot flexibly switch between different types of probes. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a probe calibration system for a rail flaw detection vehicle and a rail flaw detection vehicle that can flexibly switch between different types of probes.

[0004] In a first aspect, a probe calibration system for a rail flaw detection vehicle is provided, the system comprising:

[0005] The probe to be calibrated is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to the calibration rail to detect calibration defects in the calibration rail, and is also used to receive a first reflected wave of the calibration rail, where the first reflected wave is used to reflect information of the calibration defect;

[0006] A switching device, the switching device comprising a first interface and a second interface, the second interface being used for pluggably connecting the probe to be calibrated to receive the first reflected wave;

[0007] An ultrasonic processing device connected to the first interface of the adapter device, used for receiving the first reflected wave of the calibration rail, amplifying the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, outputting the processed first amplified signal, and receiving the setting of the first channel gain;

[0008] The display device is connected to the ultrasonic processing device and is used to display the first amplified signal.

[0009] In one embodiment, the system further comprises a calibration platform, which is disposed in the vicinity of the ultrasonic processing device and is used to place the calibration rail.

[0010] In one embodiment, the adapter is an adapter; wherein the adapter includes a probe jack and an adapter plate; the probe jack is arranged on the adapter plate; one end of the adapter plate is connected to the ultrasonic processing device, and the other end is connected to the probe to be calibrated through the cooperation of the plug of the probe to be calibrated and the probe jack to receive the first reflected wave of the calibration track.

[0011] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic processing device includes: a signal processor connected to the first interface of the adapter, used to receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail, and amplify the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, and output the processed first amplified signal; the signal processor is also used to receive a gain control signal, and adjust the first channel gain according to the gain control signal; a host computer, connected to the signal processor, used to receive the setting of the first channel gain, and output the gain control signal to the signal processor.

[0012] In one embodiment, the signal processor is an FPGA or a single chip microcomputer.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the host computer is a terminal device.

[0014] In one embodiment, the probe to be calibrated is at least one of a single-crystal ultrasonic probe, a dual-crystal ultrasonic probe, and a phased array ultrasonic probe with an adjustable ultrasonic incident angle function.

[0015] In one embodiment, the display device is a monitor.

[0016] In a second aspect, a rail flaw detection vehicle is provided, which includes a vehicle body, an on-board probe and a probe calibration system in any of the above embodiments; wherein the probe calibration system is arranged inside the vehicle body; wherein the on-board probe is arranged outside the vehicle body, and is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to a target rail to detect defects of the target rail; the on-board probe is also used to receive a second reflected wave of the target rail, and the second reflected wave is used to reflect information about the defect; the target rail refers to the rail on which the vehicle body travels; the second interface of the adapter is also used to plug and unplug the on-board probe to receive the second reflected wave of the target rail; the ultrasonic processing device is also used to receive the second reflected wave of the target rail, and amplify the second reflected wave according to the second channel gain, and output the processed second amplified signal; the display device is also used to display the second amplified signal.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the rail flaw detection vehicle further includes a fastener; the vehicle-mounted probe is detachably disposed on the outside of the vehicle body via the fastener.

[0018] The probe calibration system of the above-mentioned rail flaw detection vehicle and the rail flaw detection vehicle are pluggably connected to the probe to be calibrated through the second interface of the adapter device, so that after the probe to be calibrated emits ultrasonic waves to the calibration rail, it transmits the received first reflected wave of the calibration rail to the ultrasonic processing device through the adapter device; then, the first reflected wave is amplified by the ultrasonic processing device according to the first channel gain, and the processed first amplified signal is output to the display device; then, the staff sets the first channel gain through the ultrasonic processing device according to the first amplified signal displayed by the display device to complete the calibration of the probe to be calibrated. Therefore, the second interface of the adapter device is connected to the probe to be calibrated through a pluggable connection, which can not only reliably and quickly switch different probes to be calibrated, thereby realizing rapid calibration of different probes to be calibrated; in addition, the probe to be calibrated that has been connected can be reliably and conveniently switched to the on-board probe outside the body of the rail flaw detection vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a probe calibration system of a rail flaw detection vehicle according to an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic treatment device according to an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a rail flaw detection vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0027] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0028] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0029] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a probe calibration system for a rail flaw detection vehicle is provided, and the probe calibration system for the rail flaw detection vehicle includes a probe to be calibrated 100, a switching device 200, an ultrasonic processing device 300 and a display device 400.

[0030] The probe to be calibrated 100 is a probe that is taken from the rail flaw detection vehicle and needs to be calibrated. In order to detect calibration defects in the calibration rail, the probe to be calibrated 100 can transmit ultrasonic waves to the calibration rail and receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail.

[0031] Among them, different types of calibration defects can be pre-set on the calibration rail; for example, longitudinal horizontal cracks, bolt hole cracks, rail waist damage, rail head / rail waist joint core damage, weld vertical splitting damage, etc. The first reflected wave of the calibration rail can reflect the information of the calibration defect in the calibration rail. In a specific example, the calibration defect information includes the location of the calibration defect, the size of the calibration defect and the type of calibration defect, which can be flexibly set according to needs in actual applications and are not limited here. In one embodiment, the probe 100 to be calibrated can emit an ultrasonic wave to the center of the tread of the calibration rail, so that the received first reflected wave of the calibration rail can accurately reflect the calibration defect of the calibration rail.

[0032] In one embodiment, the probe 100 to be calibrated may be at least one of a single crystal ultrasonic probe, a dual crystal ultrasonic probe, and a phased array ultrasonic probe with an adjustable ultrasonic incident angle function. The phased array ultrasonic probe with an adjustable ultrasonic incident angle function can conveniently set the ultrasonic incident angle to detect different types of calibration defects in the calibration rail; for example, when the ultrasonic incident angle is set to 0°, a longitudinal horizontal crack in the calibration rail can be found, and when the ultrasonic incident angle is set to 37°, a bolt hole crack in the calibration rail can be found.

[0033] In a specific example, based on the propagation characteristics of ultrasound in different media, the probe 100 to be calibrated transmits ultrasound at a preset frequency to the calibration rail. When the ultrasound encounters a calibration defect in the calibration rail, the first reflected wave reflected back in the calibration rail will be different from the normal reflected wave. Therefore, information about the calibration defect in the calibration rail can be analyzed based on the first reflected wave. The above is only a specific example. In actual applications, it can be flexibly set according to needs and is not limited here.

[0034] The adapter 200 includes a first interface and a second interface. The first interface of the adapter 200 is connected to the ultrasonic processing device 300, and the second interface of the adapter 200 is used to be pluggable to connect the probe to be calibrated 100, so as to receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail in the probe to be calibrated 100, and output the received first reflected wave of the calibration rail to the ultrasonic processing device 300 through the first interface. In addition, since the second interface of the adapter 200 is connected to the probe to be calibrated through a pluggable connection, the second interface of the adapter 200 can not only reliably and quickly switch different types of probes to be calibrated through the pluggable connection, but also reliably and conveniently switch the probe to be calibrated that has been connected to the vehicle-mounted probe outside the vehicle body of the rail flaw detection vehicle.

[0035] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the adapter 200 is an adapter; wherein the adapter includes a probe jack 210 and an adapter plate 220 .

[0036] Among them, the probe jack 210 is set on the adapter plate 220; one end of the adapter plate 220 is connected to the ultrasonic processing device 300, and the other end of the adapter plate 220 is connected to the probe to be calibrated 100 through the cooperation of the plug 110 of the probe to be calibrated 100 and the probe jack 210, thereby receiving the first reflected wave of the calibration rail.

[0037] In this embodiment, by providing an adapter plate of the adapter with a probe jack 210 and plugs of different types of probes to be calibrated or plugs of vehicle-mounted probes to cooperate with each other, it is possible to reliably and quickly switch different types of probes to be calibrated and reliably and conveniently switch the connected probes to be calibrated to the vehicle-mounted probes outside the body of the rail flaw detection vehicle.

[0038] In a specific example, the adapter 200 includes a first interface and multiple second interfaces, through which different types of probes to be calibrated or vehicle-mounted probes can be connected respectively, thereby reducing the number of times the probe to be calibrated 100 or the vehicle-mounted probe is plugged in and out, and reducing the wear of the probe to be calibrated 100 or the vehicle-mounted probe. The above is only a specific example. In actual applications, it can be flexibly set according to needs and is not limited here.

[0039] The ultrasonic processing device 300 can receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail through the first interface of the adapter 200, and amplify the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, thereby outputting the processed first amplified signal; at the same time, the ultrasonic processing device 300 can also receive the setting of the first channel gain.

[0040] In a specific example, the ultrasonic processing device 300 and the adapter 200 are arranged inside the ultrasonic cabinet, and the ultrasonic processing device 300 can receive the first reflected wave of the calibration track through the first interface of the adapter 200; then, according to the preset first channel gain corresponding to the first ultrasonic channel used by the probe to be calibrated, the first reflected wave of the calibration track is amplified and the processed first amplified signal is output; and the ultrasonic processing device 300 can also adjust the preset first channel gain in time after receiving the external setting of the first channel gain to complete the calibration of the probe to be calibrated; in addition, the first ultrasonic channel can be any ultrasonic channel in the probe to be calibrated. The above is only a specific example, and it can be flexibly set according to needs in actual applications, and is not limited here.

[0041] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the ultrasonic processing device 300 includes a signal processor 310 and a host computer 320 . The signal processor 310 is connected to the first interface of the adapter 200 , and the host computer 320 is connected to the signal processor 310 .

[0042] The signal processor 310 can receive the first reflected wave of the calibration track, amplify the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, and output the processed first amplified signal; at the same time, the signal processor can also receive the gain control signal, and adjust the first channel gain corresponding to the first ultrasonic channel used by the probe to be calibrated according to the gain control signal to complete the calibration of the probe to be calibrated. In one embodiment, the signal processor can be, but is not limited to, an FPGA or a single-chip microcomputer.

[0043] The host computer 320 can receive the setting of the first channel gain, and output a gain control signal to the signal processor 310 when receiving the setting of the first channel gain, so that the signal processor 310 adjusts the first channel gain according to the gain control signal and finally completes the calibration of the probe to be calibrated. In one embodiment, the host computer is a terminal device, which can be, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a laptop computer, or a tablet computer.

[0044] In this embodiment, the host computer 320 can receive the setting of the first channel gain, and output a gain control signal to the signal processor 310 when receiving the setting of the first channel gain, so that the signal processor 310 adjusts the first channel gain according to the gain control signal, and finally completes the calibration of the probe to be calibrated, thereby improving the operational convenience of the probe calibration system of the rail flaw detection vehicle.

[0045] The display device 400 is connected to the ultrasonic processing device 300 and can display the first amplified signal. In one embodiment, the display device 400 can display an A-scan image of the first amplified signal and can also display ultrasonic parameters including a first channel gain value. In one embodiment, the display device 400 can be, but is not limited to, a display.

[0046] In a specific example, when calibration is required, the staff in the rail flaw detection vehicle removes the probe to be calibrated, i.e., the probe to be calibrated 100, from the outside of the body of the rail flaw detection vehicle, and places the probe to be calibrated 100 at the center of the tread of the calibration rail; then, the probe to be calibrated 100 is connected to the second interface of the adapter 200 in a pluggable connection manner, and the ultrasonic channel to be calibrated of the probe to be calibrated 100 is selected through the ultrasonic processing device 300, and an excitation signal is output to the probe to be calibrated 100; then, when the probe to be calibrated 100 receives the excitation signal, it emits an ultrasonic wave of a preset frequency to the center of the tread of the calibration rail, and receives the first reflected wave of the calibration rail; and the ultrasonic processing device 300 receives the first reflected wave of the calibration rail through the adapter 200. The reflected wave is amplified according to the preset first channel gain corresponding to the ultrasonic channel to be calibrated by the probe 100 to be calibrated, and the processed first amplified signal is output to the display device 400; then, the staff slowly moves the probe 100 to be calibrated on the calibration track according to the first amplified signal displayed on the display device 400, until the first amplified signal corresponding to the ultrasonic wave emitted by the probe 100 to be calibrated vertically incident on the calibration defect is found, that is, the best first amplified signal stops moving the probe 100 to be calibrated; finally, the first channel gain is updated and set by the ultrasonic processing device 300, and when the amplitude of the best first amplified signal displayed in the display device 400 is adjusted to 80%, the first channel gain is stopped to be updated and set, and the calibration process of the probe to be calibrated is finally completed. The above is only a specific example, and it can be flexibly set according to needs in actual applications, and is not limited here.

[0047] The probe calibration system of the above-mentioned rail flaw detection vehicle is connected to the probe 100 to be calibrated in a pluggable manner through the second interface of the adapter 200, so that after the probe 100 to be calibrated emits ultrasonic waves to the calibration rail, the first reflected wave of the calibration rail received is transmitted to the ultrasonic processing device 300 through the adapter 200; then, the first reflected wave is amplified by the ultrasonic processing device 300 according to the first channel gain, and the processed first amplified signal is output to the display device 400; then, the staff sets the first channel gain through the ultrasonic processing device 300 according to the first amplified signal displayed by the display device 400 to complete the calibration of the probe to be calibrated. Therefore, the second interface of the adapter 200 is connected to the probe to be calibrated in a pluggable connection manner, which can not only reliably and quickly switch different probes to be calibrated, thereby realizing rapid calibration of different probes to be calibrated; in addition, the probe to be calibrated that has been connected can be reliably and conveniently switched to the on-board probe outside the body of the rail flaw detection vehicle.

[0048] In one embodiment, the probe calibration system of the rail flaw detection vehicle further includes a calibration platform, wherein the calibration platform is used to place the calibration rail, and the calibration platform is arranged in the vicinity of the ultrasonic processing device 300. Therefore, by arranging the calibration platform in the vicinity of the ultrasonic processing device 300, it is more convenient for the staff to operate the probe to be calibrated and the ultrasonic processing device at the same time.

[0049] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a rail flaw detection vehicle is provided, including a vehicle body 500, a vehicle-mounted probe 600 and a probe calibration system in any of the above embodiments; wherein the probe calibration system is arranged inside the vehicle body 500, and the vehicle-mounted probe 600 is arranged outside the vehicle body 500.

[0050] In order to detect the defects of the target rail, the vehicle-mounted probe 600 can transmit ultrasonic waves to the target rail and receive the second reflected wave of the target rail. Among them, the target rail refers to the rail on which the vehicle body is traveling. In a specific example, the rail type of the target rail is determined according to the mass kilograms of the rail per meter long, which can reflect information including the cross-sectional shape, size specifications, etc. of the target rails of different rail types. The rail head width, rail bottom width, rail waist width, rail height, etc. of the target rails of different rail types are not the same. Common rail types of target rails include 45kg / m, 50kg / m, 60kg / m, 75kg / m, etc. The above are only specific examples. In actual applications, they can be flexibly set according to needs and are not limited here. In a specific example, the defects of the target rail can be, but are not limited to, longitudinal horizontal cracks, bolt hole cracks, damage to the rail waist, core damage at the rail head / rail waist connection, or vertical splitting damage to the weld. In addition, the second reflected wave is used to reflect the information of the defects of the target rail; wherein, the information of the defects of the target rail includes the location of the defect, the size of the defect, and the type of defect.

[0051] In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted probe 600 may be at least one of a single-crystal ultrasonic probe, a dual-crystal ultrasonic probe, and a phased array ultrasonic probe with an adjustable ultrasonic incident angle function. The phased array ultrasonic probe with an adjustable ultrasonic incident angle function can conveniently set the ultrasonic incident angle to detect different types of calibration defects in the calibration rail; for example, when the ultrasonic incident angle is set to 0°, a longitudinal horizontal crack in the calibration rail can be found, and when the ultrasonic incident angle is set to 37°, a bolt hole crack in the calibration rail can be found.

[0052] The second interface of the adapter 200 is also used for pluggable connection to the vehicle-mounted probe 600, so as to receive the second reflected wave of the target rail, and output the received second reflected wave of the target rail to the ultrasonic processing device 300 through the first interface.

[0053] The ultrasonic processing device 300 can receive the second reflected wave of the target rail, amplify the second reflected wave according to the second channel gain, and output the processed second amplified signal. In a specific example, the ultrasonic processing device 300 can receive the second reflected wave of the target rail through the first interface of the adapter 200, and amplify the second reflected wave of the target rail according to the preset second channel gain corresponding to the second ultrasonic channel used by the vehicle-mounted probe 600, and output the processed second amplified signal to the display device 400; the staff can analyze the defect information in the target rail through the second amplified signal displayed by the display device 400; the above is only a specific example, and it can be flexibly set according to needs in actual applications, and is not limited here.

[0054] The display device 400 is also used to display the second amplified signal. In one embodiment, the display device 400 can display an A-scan image of the second amplified signal and can also display ultrasound parameters including a second channel gain value.

[0055] The above-mentioned rail flaw detection vehicle can reliably and quickly switch different probes to be calibrated through the probe calibration system, thereby realizing rapid calibration of different probes to be calibrated; then, the vehicle-mounted probe 600 can be plugged and unplugged through the second interface of the adapter device 200 in the probe calibration system, so that after the vehicle-mounted probe 600 emits ultrasonic waves to the target rail, the second reflected wave of the target rail is received and transmitted to the ultrasonic processing device 300 through the adapter device 200; then, the second reflected wave is amplified according to the second channel gain by the ultrasonic processing device 300 in the probe calibration system, and the processed second amplified signal is output to the display device 400 in the probe calibration system; the staff can analyze and obtain the defect information in the target rail according to the second amplified signal displayed on the display device 400. Therefore, by reliably and conveniently switching the connected probe to be calibrated to the on-board probe outside the body of the rail flaw detection vehicle, the rail flaw detection vehicle can have both the probe calibration function and the rail flaw detection function; at the same time, when the rail flaw detection vehicle needs to urgently calibrate the probe during the rail flaw detection operation, the staff no longer needs to send the probe to be calibrated to the probe calibration laboratory far away from the rail flaw detection vehicle for probe calibration, thereby improving the efficiency and convenience of rail flaw detection and probe calibration. In addition, the above-mentioned rail flaw detection vehicle can share the same ultrasonic processing device 300 and display device 400 when performing probe calibration or rail flaw detection, which reduces costs.

[0056] In one of the embodiments, the rail flaw detection vehicle further includes a fastener; the vehicle-mounted probe 600 is detachably disposed on the outside of the vehicle body 500 via the fastener, so that the vehicle-mounted probe 600 is easily removed for probe calibration.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", "ideal embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0058] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0059] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A probe calibration system for a rail flaw detection vehicle, characterized in that: include: The probe to be calibrated is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to the calibration rail to detect calibration defects in the calibration rail, and is also used to receive a first reflected wave from the calibration rail, wherein the first reflected wave is used to reflect information of the calibration defect; the probe to be calibrated is at least one of a single-crystal ultrasonic probe, a dual-crystal ultrasonic probe, and a phased array ultrasonic probe with an adjustable ultrasonic incident angle function; A switching device, the switching device comprising a first interface and a second interface, the second interface being used for pluggably connecting the probe to be calibrated to receive the first reflected wave; An ultrasonic processing device, connected to the first interface of the adapter, used for receiving the first reflected wave of the calibration rail, amplifying the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, outputting the processed first amplified signal, and receiving the setting of the first channel gain; A display device is connected to the ultrasonic processing device and is used to display the first amplified signal; the display device is a monitor.

2. The probe calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a calibration platform, which is arranged in the vicinity of the ultrasonic processing device and is used for placing the calibration rail.

3. The probe calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter device is an adapter; wherein the adapter includes a probe jack and an adapter plate; the probe jack is arranged on the adapter plate; one end of the adapter plate is connected to the ultrasonic processing device, and the other end is connected to the probe to be calibrated through the cooperation of the plug of the probe to be calibrated and the probe jack to receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail.

4. The probe calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic processing device comprises: A signal processor connected to the first interface of the adapter, used to receive the first reflected wave of the calibration rail, amplify the first reflected wave according to the first channel gain, and output the processed first amplified signal; the signal processor is also used to receive a gain control signal, and adjust the first channel gain according to the gain control signal; The host computer is connected to the signal processor, and is used to receive the setting of the first channel gain and output the gain control signal to the signal processor.

5. The probe calibration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal processor is FPGA or single chip microcomputer.

6. The probe calibration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The host computer is a terminal device.

7. A rail flaw detection vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body, a vehicle-mounted probe and a probe calibration system according to any one of claims 1 to 6; wherein the probe calibration system is arranged inside the vehicle body; The vehicle-mounted probe is arranged outside the vehicle body, and is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to the target rail to detect defects of the target rail; the vehicle-mounted probe is also used to receive a second reflected wave of the target rail, and the second reflected wave is used to reflect information of the defect; the target rail refers to the rail on which the vehicle body is traveling; The second interface of the adapter is also used for pluggable connection to the vehicle-mounted probe to receive the second reflected wave of the target rail; The ultrasonic processing device is also used to receive the second reflected wave of the target rail, amplify the second reflected wave according to the second channel gain, and output the processed second amplified signal; The display device is also used to display the second amplified signal.

8. The rail flaw detection vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rail flaw detection vehicle also includes a fastener; the vehicle-mounted probe is detachably arranged on the outside of the vehicle body through the fastener.

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