A photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device, comprising a housing, a photovoltaic power generation unit disposed within the housing, a condensation water storage unit, and a control unit disposed on the housing; the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a solar panel, a cleaning device, a pan-tilt tracking device, and a power storage device; the cleaning device is disposed on top of the solar panel, movable up and down along the surface of the solar panel and connected to the condensation water storage unit via a pipe; the pan-tilt tracking device is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the housing and supports the solar panel; the power storage device is electrically connected to the solar panel and is used to store electricity converted by the solar panel. Compared with existing technologies, the present invention enables flexible adjustment of the solar panel angle and automatic cleaning of the solar panel surface, improving the operating efficiency of the solar panel and reducing manual operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device. Background Art

[0002] Desert regions are both important energy bases for China and ecologically fragile and underdeveloped. Some areas experience over 3,300 hours of sunlight annually, and within the Gobi Desert, over 10,000 square kilometers of land remain unused, a significant waste of resources. Desert regions, with their low land costs and dry climate, offer favorable conditions for the development of solar energy in China, and their high solar photovoltaic power generation capacity. In 2014, my country's installed solar capacity reached 5.3 gigawatts; by the end of 2016, this had reached 8 gigawatts, comparable to the capacity of the world-renowned Gezhouba Hydropower Station.

[0003] In fact, the main cause of land desertification is that evaporation far exceeds precipitation. The use of solar panels in the desert can largely shade the land and prevent wind, suppressing desert sandstorms while promoting the growth of green plants and crops. In recent years, many regions in China have approved and built a large number of solar power generation systems, using solar panels to absorb and convert solar energy into heat or electricity. As of the end of 2019, the cumulative installed capacity of photovoltaic power stations in Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang (including the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps), Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia has reached 50.88GW, accounting for 25.0% of the total installed capacity in China.

[0004] However, in actual applications, it was found that since the existing solar panels could not be flexibly adjusted, the efficiency of solar energy at different times was not fully utilized due to the cosine effect caused by the oblique sunlight, resulting in a very serious loss of annual power generation in the photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic power station can only be cleaned manually using solar photovoltaic panel cleaning machines, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0005] Chinese patent CN108923727A discloses a photovoltaic power generation device for use in deserts. The device includes a base, a first support rod, a second support rod, a mounting member, a groove, a solar panel, a water storage tank, a water pump, a water pump, a first hose, a fixing bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, and a water supply tank. The water pump is connected to the water supply tank via the first hose. A second hose is provided on one side of the water supply tank. A cleaning mechanism is mounted on the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder. The cleaning mechanism includes a housing, within which a blower and a pressure pump are provided. The pressure pump is connected to the second hose. The output end of the blower extends through the bottom of the housing and is connected to an air outlet. The bottom of the pressure pump is connected to a nozzle. Both the air outlet and the nozzle are perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel. This device only has a water storage tank for cleaning and water supply, but still requires manual or other water replenishment, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] Chinese patent CN112260644A discloses an automatically floating photovoltaic device for desert areas. The device includes a support plate with a photovoltaic panel fixed on its upper side. A dust brush power unit is located on the right side of the support plate. The dust brush power unit rotates to remove sand from the upper side of the photovoltaic panel. A downward-opening movable chamber is located on the underside of the support plate. While the dust brush removes dust from the surface of the photovoltaic panel, it does not cool the panel surface, resulting in reduced conversion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device to solve the above problems. It realizes flexible adjustment of the angle of the solar panel and automatic cleaning of the solar panel surface, improves the working efficiency of the solar panel and reduces manual operation.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device comprises a housing, a photovoltaic power generation unit arranged inside the housing, a condensation water storage unit, and a control unit arranged on the housing;

[0010] The photovoltaic power generation unit includes a solar panel, a cleaning device, a pan / tilt tracking device, and a power storage device. The cleaning device is arranged on the top of the solar panel and can move up and down along the surface of the solar panel. It is connected to the condensation water storage unit through a pipe and is used for cleaning and flushing the surface of the solar panel. The pan / tilt tracking device is fixed to the bottom surface of the housing and supports the solar panel. The power storage device is electrically connected to the solar panel and is used to store electricity converted by the solar panel.

[0011] The control unit includes a human-computer interaction component and a control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the power storage device, the cleaning device, the pan-tilt tracking device, the condensation water storage unit and the human-computer interaction component.

[0012] Preferably, the pan-tilt tracking device includes a photoresistor mechanism distributed on the solar panel and a steering gear unit, a steering bracket and a profile support connected between the solar panel and the inner bottom surface of the shell.

[0013] Preferably, the photoresistor mechanism is composed of a plurality of photoresistors distributed around the solar panel and electrically connected to the control component.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the profile support is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the shell; the steering bracket is rotatably arranged on the top of the profile support and fixed to the back of the solar panel; the servo unit is arranged inside the steering bracket and is electrically connected to the control component, and is used to cooperate with the steering bracket to rotate the solar panel 360°.

[0015] Preferably, the condensation water storage unit includes a refrigerator, a fan, a profile support and a water reservoir.

[0016] Preferably, there are multiple profile pillars, preferably four, which are fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the shell; the refrigerator and fan are fixedly connected to the profile pillars and electrically connected to the control component, the refrigerator is used to obtain condensed water, and the fan is used to blow away hot air; the water reservoir is respectively connected to the refrigerator and the cleaning device through pipes, and is used to store condensed water obtained by the refrigerator and provide clean water when the solar panels need to be cleaned.

[0017] Preferably, the refrigerator is a semiconductor refrigeration plate or an air pump. When the refrigerator is a semiconductor refrigeration plate, the Peltier effect of the semiconductor material is used to obtain condensed water; when the refrigerator is an air pump, the air pump transports hot air to a water reservoir buried in the underground low-temperature soil, and condenses water with the help of the temperature difference.

[0018] Preferably, the profile support is an aluminum profile support.

[0019] Preferably, the power storage device is a lithium battery.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom surface of the shell is also covered with vegetation, which not only increases greening but also reduces the temperature of the solar panels to improve energy conversion efficiency.

[0021] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0022] First, the human-machine interface component is activated, and the entire device is started up using the pre-set program. The operator can enter commands through the human-machine interface component or select built-in commands to operate. The commands are sent to the control component for processing, and then sent to each component by the control component to adjust the device.

[0023] During the day, the solar panels receive sunlight and convert it into electrical energy, which is then stored in lithium batteries. The photoresistors and control components installed around the solar panels monitor in real time whether the solar panels are receiving the maximum amount of light. The multiple servos of the servo group of the pan-tilt adjustment device work together to adjust the solar panels to the optimal angle, that is, the angle with the maximum area receiving light. When the angle is optimal, the pan-tilt adjustment device stops working.

[0024] At night, the control component controls the condensation water storage unit to start storing water. The refrigerator condenses the moisture in the air to form condensed water, which flows into the water reservoir for storage. The fan continuously blows away the hot air to replenish air for the refrigerator, drive circulation, reduce the temperature, and improve condensation efficiency.

[0025] When the amount of sand and dust on the surface of the solar panel reaches a certain level or the surface temperature is too high, the control component turns on the cleaning device, which forms a water curtain on the surface of the solar panel and moves from top to bottom. The roller brush rotates and sprays water to clean the solar panel. The flushed water becomes vegetation water, falls on the vegetation, and maintains water and soil.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. PTZ tracking of solar panels. The installation of a PTZ tracking device can automatically track the sun's position, finding the optimal angle for receiving sunlight, and improving the efficiency of solar panels. Compared to photovoltaic power generation equipment without a tracking device, it can increase power generation efficiency by approximately 10-20%.

[0028] 2. Energy-saving application of water resources. A simple cleaning device is used to realize the automatic flushing function of clean water, which not only cleans the surface of the photovoltaic panel, but also reduces the temperature rise of the solar photovoltaic panel, thereby improving the working efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel. At the same time, it can also irrigate the green vegetation under the solar photovoltaic panel, and can save about 235ml / m compared with manual cleaning. 2 , which not only solves the two major problems of solar photovoltaic panel power generation, but also reduces resource waste.

[0029] 3. Adding nighttime air condensers. By installing condensation water storage units, the vast amount of water vapor lost in the desert at night can be "captured" and "recycled" for cleaning solar panels and watering plants, truly maximizing resource utilization. This not only reduces external water replenishment but also increases the frequency of solar panel cleaning, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0030] 4. Planting green vegetation. Planting vegetation near solar panels can reduce the air temperature near the panels by about 2-3°C, increase power generation efficiency by about 1%, and also control the thermal balance of the sand to a certain extent, reducing sandstorms and preventing desertification.

[0031] 5. The entire device is environmentally friendly and green, simple and lightweight. The design direction is constantly committed to maximizing resource utilization, integrating the system completely and energy-saving, and does not require manual operation during use. It is cheap and has strong applicability and promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device from one perspective.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device from another perspective.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the condensation water storage unit in this device.

[0035] In the figure: 1-housing; 2-solar panel; 3-cleaning device; 4-panel tracking device; 41-servo unit; 42-steering bracket; 5-profile support; 6-condensation water storage unit; 61-refrigerator; 62-fan; 63-water reservoir; 7-human-computer interaction component; 8-control component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a housing 1, a photovoltaic power generation unit arranged inside the housing 1, a condensation water storage unit 6, and a control unit arranged on the housing 1;

[0039] The photovoltaic power generation unit includes a solar panel 2, a cleaning device 3, a pan / tilt tracking device 4, and a power storage device. The cleaning device 3 is mounted on top of the solar panel 2 and is movable up and down along the surface of the solar panel 2. The cleaning device 3 is connected to the condensation water storage unit 6 via a pipe. The pan / tilt tracking device 4 is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the housing 1 and supports the solar panel 2. The power storage device is electrically connected to the solar panel 2 and is used to store the electricity converted by the solar panel 2.

[0040] The control unit includes a human-computer interaction component 7 and a control component 8. The control component 8 is electrically connected to the power storage device, the cleaning device 3, the pan-tilt tracking device 4, the condensation water storage unit 6 and the human-computer interaction component 7.

[0041] More specifically, in this embodiment:

[0042] The pan-tilt tracking device includes a photoresistor mechanism, a servo unit 41, a steering bracket 42 and an aluminum profile support 5. The photoresistor mechanism includes a plurality of photoresistors, which are distributed around the solar panel 2 and electrically connected to the control component 8 to jointly monitor whether the solar panel 2 is in the maximum area of ​​light reception. The photoresistor can be a product of JCHL. The aluminum profile support 5 is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the outer shell 1, and a steering bracket 42 is provided on the top, and the steering bracket 42 is fixed to the back of the solar panel 2. The servo unit 41 includes two servos, which are respectively arranged inside the steering bracket 42 near the aluminum profile support 5 and the back of the solar panel 2, and cooperate with the steering bracket 42 and the control component 8 to adjust the angle of the solar panel 2 360°, so that the solar panel 2 is always in the maximum area of ​​light reception angle, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cleaning device 3 is disposed on top of the solar panel 2 and is connected to the water reservoir 63 of the condensation water storage unit 6 via a pipe. When it is necessary to clean dust from the surface of the solar panel 2, water stored in the water reservoir 63 can be drawn to form a water curtain on the surface of the solar panel 2 for flushing. The flushed water directly irrigates the vegetation laid on the inner bottom surface of the housing 1, which is beneficial to the growth of vegetation and can effectively conserve water and soil. Preferably, in this embodiment, the cleaning device 3 can be moved up and down on the surface of the solar panel 2 by means of a stepper motor, and the purpose of cleaning and flushing the surface of the solar panel 2 is achieved by spraying water through a roller brush provided on the side of the surface of the solar panel 2 and a water nozzle. As shown in Table 1, after flushing away dust from the surface of the solar panel 2, the conversion efficiency of the solar panel 2 can be effectively improved.

[0044] Table 1 Voltage, current and charging current of solar panels with and without sand cover

[0045] time 9：30 10：45 11：45 12：50 14：30 Voltage without sand / V 11.45 11.97 12.04 12.3 12.38 Voltage when there is sand / V 11.17 11.62 11.76 11.8 11.93 Current without sand / A 1.25 1.33 0.97 0.67 1.31 Current when there is sand / A 0.59 0.78 0.41 0.3 0.68 Charging current when there is no sand / A 1.2 1.07 0.96 0.66 1.2 Charging current when there is sand / A 0.61 0.72 0.38 0.36 0.68

[0046] In this embodiment, the power storage device is a lithium battery that stores the electricity converted by the solar panel 2 and can provide power for the entire device.

[0047] In this embodiment, the condensation water storage unit 6 includes a refrigerator 61, a fan 62, an aluminum profile support 5 and a water reservoir 63. There are four aluminum profile supports 5, all of which are fixed to the inner bottom surface of the outer shell 1. The refrigerator 61 and the fan 62 are fixedly connected to the aluminum profile support 5 and are electrically connected to the control component 8. The water reservoir 63 is connected to the refrigerator 61 and the cleaning device 3 through a pipe, and is used to store the condensed water obtained by the refrigerator 61 and provide clean water when the solar panel 2 needs to be cleaned. In this embodiment, the refrigerator 61 uses a semiconductor refrigeration plate, which utilizes the Peltier effect of the semiconductor material to condense water vapor in the air at the cold end, and the condensed water flows into the water reservoir 63. The fan 62 continuously replenishes fresh air to the cold end and cools the hot end at the same time, which can improve the condensation effect.

[0048] As a preferred option, the cooler 61 can use an air pump. In this case, the water reservoir 63 is buried in the underground low-temperature soil. The hot air is transported to the water reservoir 63 by the air pump, and the dew point is reached by the temperature difference to condense water, which can obtain more condensed water and lower energy consumption.

[0049] In this embodiment, both the human-computer interaction component 7 and the control component 8 are mounted on the housing 1. The human-computer interaction component 7 can input programs or call pre-set programs, and transmit signals to the control component 8, which then regulates the operation of the entire device. The human-computer interaction component 7 uses a human-computer interaction screen (e.g., a touch screen), and the control component 8 can use an MKS GenV1.4 2560 main control board.

[0050] In this embodiment, the inner bottom surface of the housing 1 is also covered with a variety of vegetation. This not only effectively reduces the temperature of the solar panel 2, as shown in Table 2, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the solar panel 2, but also effectively converts solar radiation, regulates the thermal balance of the desert and Gobi, and weakens the driving force behind the development of sandstorms and wind-blown sand. Because the solar panel 2 is a semiconductor component, with each 1°C increase in temperature, the voltage decreases by 0.35% of the reference voltage (open-circuit voltage at 25°C), further reducing the conversion efficiency. As can be seen from Table 2, at different times, the temperature difference between the solar panel 2 with and without vegetation can reach more than 2°C, resulting in a difference of approximately 1% in energy conversion efficiency.

[0051] Table 2 Solar panel temperature under different conditions

[0052] time 9：30 10：45 11：45 12：50 14：30 Temperature with vegetation / ℃ 42 44.5 42.6 43 49 Temperature without vegetation / ℃ 46.5 46.5 46.4 45 51

[0053] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0054] First, the human-computer interaction component 7 is turned on and the entire device is started up through the pre-set program. The operator can enter instructions through the human-computer interaction component 7 or select built-in instructions to operate. The instructions are sent to the control component 8 for processing, and then sent to each component by the control component 8 to adjust the device.

[0055] During the day, the solar panel 2 receives sunlight and converts it into electrical energy which is then stored in the lithium battery. The photoresistors and control components 8 arranged around the solar panel 2 monitor in real time whether the solar panel 2 is receiving the maximum amount of light. The servo unit 41 of the pan-tilt adjustment device 4 works together to adjust the solar panel 2 to the optimal angle, i.e., the angle with the maximum area receiving light. When the angle is optimal, the pan-tilt adjustment device 4 stops working.

[0056] At night, the control component 8 controls the condensation water storage unit 6 to start storing water, wherein the cooler 61 condenses the moisture in the air to form condensed water, and the condensed water flows into the water reservoir 63 for storage. The fan 62 continuously blows away the hot air to replenish air for the cooler 61, drive circulation, reduce the temperature, and improve the condensation efficiency.

[0057] When the amount of sand and dust on the surface of the solar panel 2 reaches a certain level or the surface temperature is too high, the control component 8 turns on the cleaning device 3. The cleaning device 3 forms a water curtain on the surface of the solar panel 2 and moves from top to bottom. The roller brush rotates and sprays water to achieve the purpose of cleaning the solar panel 2. The flushed water becomes vegetation water, falls on the vegetation, and maintains water and soil.

[0058] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1), a photovoltaic power generation unit arranged inside the housing (1), a condensation water storage unit (6), and a control unit arranged on the housing (1); The photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a solar panel (2), a cleaning device (3), a pan-tilt tracking device (4) and a power storage device; the cleaning device (3) is arranged on the top of the solar panel (2) so as to be movable up and down along the surface of the solar panel (2) and is connected to the condensation water storage unit (6) through a pipe; the pan-tilt tracking device (4) is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the housing (1) and supports the solar panel (2); the power storage device is electrically connected to the solar panel (2) and is used to store electricity converted by the solar panel (2); The control unit includes a human-machine interaction component (7) and a control component (8), wherein the control component (8) is electrically connected to the power storage device, the cleaning device (3), the pan-tilt tracking device (4), the condensation water storage unit (6) and the human-machine interaction component (7); The inner bottom surface of the shell (1) is also covered with vegetation; The pan-tilt tracking device (4) includes a photoresistor mechanism distributed on the solar panel, a steering gear unit (41), a steering bracket (42) and a profile support (5) connected between the solar panel and the inner bottom surface of the housing (1); The photoresistor mechanism is composed of a plurality of photoresistors distributed around the solar panel (2) and electrically connected to the control component (8); The lower end of the profile support (5) is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the shell (1); The steering bracket (42) is rotatably arranged on the top of the profile support (5) and fixed to the back of the solar panel (2); The steering gear unit (41) is arranged inside the steering bracket (42) and is electrically connected to the control component (8) and is used to cooperate with the steering bracket (42) to rotate the solar panel (2) 360 degrees.

2. The photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation water storage unit (6) comprises a refrigerator (61), a fan (62), a profile support (5) and a water storage container (63).

3. The photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The profile support (5) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the outer shell (1); The refrigerator (61) and the fan (62) are fixedly connected to the profile support (5) and electrically connected to the control assembly (8); The water reservoir (63) is connected to the refrigerator (61) and the cleaning device (3) through pipelines respectively.

4. The photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The refrigerator (61) is a semiconductor refrigeration plate or an air pump.

5. The photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The profile pillar (5) is an aluminum profile pillar.

6. The photovoltaic sand control intelligent planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power storage device is a lithium battery.

Images